KR100981020B1 - Turbocharger refrigerator using directly high pressure gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle, by providing a refrigeration cycle that can directly use alternative energy or factory waste heat as a driving energy source of the refrigeration cycle, it is environmentally friendly and low in the field of refrigeration requirements of industrial or building This is to ensure a cost freezing environment.

To this end, the present invention comprises a combination of a Rankine cycle and a conventional vapor compression cycle for converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas into power, a high pressure configured to use a common condenser in the two types of cycles Provide a gas direct drive refrigeration cycle.

Refrigeration cycle, waste heat, high pressure gas, pressure energy, turbocharger

Description

High-pressure gas refrigeration cycle {Turbocharger refrigerator using directly high pressure gas}

Figure 1a is a block diagram of a conventional ejector refrigeration cycle using the kinetic energy of the high pressure gas as a driving energy source of the refrigeration cycle

Figure 1b is a pressure-enthalpy diagram in a conventional ejector refrigeration cycle using kinetic energy of high pressure gas as the driving energy source for the refrigeration cycle.

Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention

Figure 2b is a pressure-enthalpy diagram in the high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: Generator outlet 2: Injection nozzle outlet

3: mixing section 4: diffuser

5: outlet 6: condenser outlet

7: evaporator inlet 8: evaporator outlet

9: ejector suction part 10: generator inlet

11: feed pump 12: expansion valve                 

13: evaporator 14: hot fluid

15 generator 16 condenser

17: coolant 18: low temperature fluid

19: ejector 20: turbocharger

21: regenerator 22: refrigerant

The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle using a high-pressure gas directly as a driving energy source, and more particularly, by allowing alternative energy such as solar heat or factory waste heat to be used directly as a driving energy source of the refrigeration cycle, The present invention relates to a high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle that is environmentally friendly and secures a low-cost refrigeration environment.

Nearly all currently available refrigeration units employ steam compression cycles or absorption refrigeration cycles based on the principle of heat pumps. In this conventional cooling method, axial power or heat energy is required to drive the cycle. Since this energy is mainly obtained through the combustion of fossil fuels, it is not only burdened with energy costs but also environmental problems such as global warming gas emissions to obtain a cooling environment. You must take it.

Therefore, the development of refrigeration technology that can economically cope with the increase in cooling requirements due to the improvement of living standards and at the same time reduce the environmental pollution problem is a task to be solved in the field of air conditioning and refrigeration technology.

In view of this, if solar energy, which is an alternative energy, is used as a driving energy source for the refrigeration cycle, or if cooling heat is obtained by using waste heat of the plant, it is expected to reduce environmental problems and reduce costs through efficient use of energy. Increasingly, as a refrigeration technology that can meet this purpose, an ejector refrigeration cycle or an absorption refrigeration cycle using solar or waste heat is a representative example.

However, the ejector refrigeration cycle has the advantage that the device is simple and can directly use the pressure energy of the high pressure gas generated by solar heat or waste heat, but the grade coefficient of the cycle is extremely low compared to the steam compression cycle or the absorption refrigeration cycle. As a result, the energy use efficiency is low, and the absorption refrigeration cycle has a higher energy use efficiency than the ejector refrigeration cycle, but it is disadvantageous in terms of operation and maintenance due to the complicated configuration of the device. The situation is not active.

Therefore, in order to realize an economical and environmentally friendly refrigeration cycle, it is required to develop a refrigeration cycle that is simple in construction and has high efficiency while directly utilizing waste heat or solar heat, such as an ejector refrigeration cycle.

1A and 1B show a schematic diagram and a pressure-enthalpy diagram of a conventional ejector refrigeration cycle using kinetic energy of a high pressure gas as a driving energy source of a refrigeration cycle, respectively. The conventional ejector refrigeration cycle is illustrated in FIG. 1A. As described above, the gaseous refrigerants generated by the generator 15 are injected at a high pressure from the ejector 19, suck the refrigerant at the evaporator outlet 8, mix with each other in the mixing section 3 of the ejector 19, and then diffuse the diffuser. It is configured to liquefy in the condenser 16 after the pressure recovery is made while passing through (4). For reference, the parameter mh on the pressure-enthalpy diagram illustrated in FIG. 1B is the circulating mass flow rate of the high pressure side (rankincycle portion) gas, mc is the circulating mass flow rate of the low pressure side (frozen cycle portion) gas, and Po and To are respectively At atmospheric pressure and atmospheric temperature, Qc, Qe, Qg and Qr represent the heat exchange of the condenser, evaporator, generator and regenerator, respectively.

The liquefied refrigerant 22 is partially reduced in pressure through the expansion valve 12 and supplied to the evaporator 13, absorbed heat from the low temperature fluid 18, evaporated, and then sucked by the ejector 19. It goes through a cycle. In this process, a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the heat absorbed from the low temperature fluid 18 in the evaporator 13 is discharged from the condenser 16.

Meanwhile, the remainder of the refrigerant 22 liquefied in the condenser 16 is pressurized by the feed pump 11 to be supplied to the generator 15, and in the generator 15, a high temperature fluid 14 generated from solar heat or factory waste heat. And then sent back to the ejector 19.

According to this conventional technique, since the compression of the refrigerant 22 vapor is made in the ejector 19, there is no mechanical driving part, and thus the device is very simple, but the high pressure steam in the generator 15 as described above is advantageous. The ratio of the amount of heat (Qe) obtained by the evaporator 13 to the heat absorbed from the outside to obtain the refrigerating effect is less than or equal to 16% of the heat amount (Qg) required for the generation of. It is pointed out as a critical problem that the efficiency is lowered compared to the low.

In addition, in the refrigerating cycle using the ejector, most of the heat quantity Qg supplied to the generator 15 as a heat source must be discharged through the condenser 16, and the size of the condenser is excessive compared to the cold heat Qe that can be obtained. In addition to the problem of lowering the low coefficient of performance, the excessive size of the condenser 16 is a situation that is an important obstacle in the actual dissemination.

However, since the ejector 19 is a method of obtaining a compression effect on the low pressure steam by exchanging the momentum of the high pressure gas and the low pressure gas, the compression efficiency is lowered as compared to a mechanical method using a turbine or a cylinder. In order to overcome this problem, a technique for obtaining a mechanical compression force by installing a rotary difference between the ejection nozzle outlet part 2 and the mixing part 3 of the ejector 19 has been proposed, and thermal energy can be used as a direct driving energy source. In order to increase the efficiency of the cycle while utilizing the advantages of the ejector refrigeration cycle can be required to improve the efficiency of the ejector (19).

The present invention has been made to meet the above requirements, the present invention provides a refrigeration cycle that can directly use alternative energy or plant waste heat as a driving energy source of the refrigeration cycle, in the field of refrigeration requirements of industrial or building Its purpose is to provide a high pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle that is environmentally friendly and ensures a low cost refrigeration environment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a combination of a Rankine cycle and a conventional steam compression cycle for converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas into power, a common condenser in the two types of cycles It provides a high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle configured to use.

The refrigeration cycle according to the present invention includes a generator for evaporating and pressurizing the refrigerant by a high temperature fluid obtained from solar heat or factory waste heat; A turbocharger integrated with an expander and a compressor and supplying a refrigerant evaporated and pressurized by the generator to the expander so that a compressor connected to the same axis as the expander rotates when the expander rotates to allow suction of refrigerant vapor from the evaporator; A regenerator installed between the outlet of the turbocharger and the condenser to recover the amount of heat retained by superheated steam and to recover the amount of heat from the liquefied refrigerant pressurized by the liquid feed pump; A condenser for condensing the refrigerant passing through the expander and the compressor of the turbocharger and liquefying at the outlet of the regenerator; An expansion valve for supplying a part of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser to the evaporator; By supplying the remaining portion of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser to the generator via a regenerator, the liquefied refrigerant in one condenser is circulated through the two closed circuit branched by the expansion valve and the liquid feed pump The high pressure gas obtained from the thermal energy will be able to be used directly as a driving energy source for the refrigeration cycle.

These objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.                     

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail as follows.

Figure 2a is a schematic configuration diagram of a high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a preferred embodiment of the cooling device that can achieve the object of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 2a, the high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle according to the present invention, the generator 15, the condenser 16 and the evaporator 13 to evaporate and pressurize the refrigerant by the high temperature fluid 14 obtained from solar heat or factory waste heat. Between the turbocharger 20 is provided, the turbocharger 20 is configured such that the expander and the compressor is integrated on the same axis so that the compressor connected to the same axis and the expander is rotated when the expander rotates. The generator 15 is configured to supply the refrigerant pressurized by evaporation to the expander so that the compressor rotates at the same time as the expander rotates so that suction of the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator takes place. And it is installed between the outlet 5 of the turbocharger 20 and the condenser 16 to recover the amount of heat (Qr) held by the superheated steam and liquefied in the condenser 16 and pressurized by the feed pump 11 Regenerator 21 for recovering heat from the refrigerant to increase the thermal efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, and liquefaction of the refrigerant passing through the expander and the compressor of the turbocharger by the cooling water 17 installed at the outlet of the regenerator And an expansion valve 12 for supplying a portion of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser 16 to the evaporator 13, and a remaining portion of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser 16. Two closed circuits for refrigerant circulation branched to the liquid feed pump 11 supplied to the generator 15 through the 21 are configured as direct drive energy sources of the refrigeration cycle by using a high-pressure gas obtained from thermal energy directly. four The configuration allows.

Figure 2b is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of a pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle according to the present invention, the refrigerant circulating process by the high-pressure gas direct drive refrigerant cycle of the present invention configured as described above and the effects thereof are as follows.

The generator 15 generates high pressure steam by using an external high temperature fluid 14 and supplies it to the expander of the turbocharger 20 in which the expander and the compressor are integrated to co-ordinate the expander when the expander rotates. Allow the compressor connected to it to rotate. In this way, a relatively simple mechanical device has an advantageous advantage that the pressure energy held by the high-pressure gas can be efficiently used as steam compression energy compared to the ejector.

In particular, in the compressor of the turbocharger 20, vapor of the refrigerant 22 vaporized in the evaporator 13 is sucked in and compressed, and then mixed with the hot gas passing through the expander of the turbocharger 20 at its outlet 5. Lose. At this time, the mixed gas maintains the temperature between the external reference temperature To and the gas of the outlet 1 of the generator 15, thereby condensing the heat by the external cooling fluid 17 in the condenser 16. A regenerator 21 is installed between the outlet 5 of the turbocharger 20 and the condenser 16 to recover the amount of heat Qr held by the superheated steam. This regenerator 16 contributes to improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle and consequently serves to reduce the size of the condenser 16.

A portion of the refrigerant 22 liquefied in the condenser 16 is reduced by passing through the expansion valve 12 to be vaporized in the evaporator 13 to form a refrigeration cycle that is sucked into the compressor of the turbocharger 20 will be.

In addition, the remainder of the refrigerant 22 liquefied in the condenser 16 is pressurized by the feed pump 11 and then sent to the generator 15, in the middle of the passage through the regenerator 21 to increase the thermal efficiency of the cycle This allows power cycles to be formed.

The present invention is a combination of a Rankine cycle and a conventional steam compression cycle for converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas into power, which is configured to share a single condenser 16 in the two types of cycles As such, according to the present invention, it is possible to use solar heat or process waste heat directly in the form of thermal energy as a driving energy source of a refrigeration cycle, so that it is possible to obtain cooling heat required by an industrial or building at a simple and low cost, such as an ejector. By using the turbocharger 20 to inhale the refrigerant vapor in a mechanical manner is to obtain a beneficial advantage that can increase the energy utilization efficiency.

Claims (2)

delete In the high-pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle using a single condenser in the two types of cycles by combining a Rankine cycle and a conventional steam compression cycle that converts the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas into power, A generator for evaporating and pressurizing the refrigerant by hot fluid obtained from solar heat or factory waste heat; A turbocharger integrated with an expander and a compressor and supplying a refrigerant evaporated and pressurized by the generator to the expander so that a compressor connected to the same axis as the expander rotates when the expander rotates to allow suction of refrigerant vapor from the evaporator; A regenerator installed between the outlet of the turbocharger and the condenser to recover the amount of heat retained by superheated steam and to recover the amount of heat from the liquefied refrigerant pressurized by the liquid feed pump; A condenser for condensing the refrigerant passing through the expander and the compressor of the turbocharger and liquefying at the outlet of the regenerator; An expansion valve for supplying a part of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser to the evaporator; High pressure gas direct drive refrigeration cycle, characterized in that configured as a liquid feed pump for supplying the remaining portion of the refrigerant liquefied through the condenser via a regenerator.

Images