KR100966563B1 - Method for management of spare area on optical disc write once - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a writeable optical disc and a method of managing a spare area of the optical disc, wherein the writeable optical disc includes a temporary defect management area at the beginning of the disc in at least one spare area. At least one spare area is allocated, the spare area including the temporary defect management area is expanded while the disk is in use with a predetermined extension unit (EU) as a minimum size, and a new spare area is set; Therefore, it is possible to establish a uniform standard for the structure of the spare area and the temporary defect management area applicable to the write once optical disc, thereby increasing the use efficiency of the write once optical disc.

Optical Disc, BD-WO, Spare Area, Extended, Temporary Fault Management Area, TDMA, ATDMA

Description

Write-once optical disc and spare area management method of optical disc {Method for management of spare area on optical disc write once}

Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a conventional rewritable optical disc,

Fig. 2 shows a single layer structure of the write once optical disc of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows a dual layer structure of the write once optical disc of the present invention;

4 illustrates a case in which the spare area is expanded as a method of managing the spare area of the present invention;

5 illustrates a case in which the spare area is reduced as a method of managing the spare area of the present invention;

Fig. 6 shows a recording and reproducing apparatus of the write once optical disc of the present invention.

-Description of the main parts in the drawing-

10: recording and playback section 20: control section

16: micom 15: memory

       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a writeable optical disc and a method for managing spare areas in the optical disc, and more particularly, to a method for allocating and extending or reducing spare areas.

As optical recording media, optical disks capable of recording large amounts of data are widely used. Recently, new high-density optical recording media (HD-DVD), for example Blu-ray Discs, which can record and store high-quality video data and high-quality audio data for a long time, have been developed.

Blu-ray Disc, the next-generation HD-DVD technology, is a next-generation optical recording solution that can store data that significantly surpasses existing DVDs. Recently, world-standard technical specifications have been established.

In connection with this, various standards related to Blu-ray Disc have been prepared, and various standards for Blu-ray Disc (BD-WO) that can be written once are prepared following the rewritable Blu-ray Disc (BD-RE).

Fig. 1 schematically shows the recording area structure of a rewritable Blu-ray Disc (BD-RE). The Blu-ray Disc of Fig. 1 shows the structure of a recording area for a single layer disk having, for example, one recording layer, and a lead-in area when viewed from the inner circumference of the disk. The data area is divided into a data area and a lead-out area. In the data area, an inner spare area ISA0 and an outer spare area OSA0 for replacing the defective area are provided inside and outside of the data area, respectively. User Data Area) is provided.

If a defective area exists in the user data area while data is being recorded on the rewritable Blu-ray Disc BD-RE, the data recorded in the defective area is moved to the spare area for replacement and recording. Defect management is performed by recording position information related to the defective area and the replacement area in the defect management areas DMA1, 2, 3, and 4 provided in the lead-in / out area as management information on the defective area. In the case of a BD disc, the minimum recording unit recorded on the disc is a cluster, the minimum unit. One cluster is composed of 32 sectors in total, and one sector is composed of 2048 bytes.

In the case of the rewritable disc, since any area of the disc can be rewritten, not only a special recording method can be used, but also the entire area of the disc can be used at random, and the management information can be rewritten in the defect management area (DMA). Only the defect management area of a predetermined size may be provided. In particular, in the case of BD-RE, 32 clusters were allocated to each defect management area (DMA).

However, in a disc which can be written once, recording on a specific area of the disc can be performed only once, so that there are many limitations on the recording method, and in a high-density once-writable disc such as the recent BD-WO, data is recorded. Defect management has also become an important issue. Therefore, even in a disc that can be written once, a management area for recording defect management and disc management information is required. In particular, in the case of an optical disc that can be written once, an area for recording management information is rewritten by the characteristic of 'one time' of recording. It will require more than possible discs, and also requires more spare area than rewritable optical discs in order to enable defect management and (logical) overlapping recording functions, as with rewritable optical discs, even on a rewritable optical disc. something to do.

However, there is no spare area and defect management area in any of the currently published standards related to write once optical discs (eg CD-R, DVD-R, etc.). It would be necessary to have a complete standard that can be accommodated.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method for managing a spare area and a defect management area in an optical disc that can be recorded once, and a recording and reproducing apparatus associated therewith, in particular, the size of the spare area. The purpose is to provide a method for variably expanding or contracting a.

In the spare area management method of a write once optical disc according to the present invention for achieving the above object, in the write once optical disc capable of providing a temporary defect management area in at least one spare area, the temporary defect management at the beginning of the disc Assigning at least one spare area including an area, extending the spare area including the temporary defect management area with a predetermined extension unit (EU) to a minimum size and setting a new spare area during use of a disc; ,                     

Another spare area management method for a write once optical disc according to the present invention is to provide a temporary defect management area in at least one spare area, and in a write once optical disc having a user data area adjacent to the spare area. Allocate at least one spare area including a temporary defect management area at the beginning of the disk, expand the user data area to a minimum size of a predetermined expansion unit (EU) during use of the disk, and reduce it by the expanded user data area. Characterized in that for setting the spare area,

An optical disc of write once type according to the present invention includes, in an optical disc having a lead-in area and a data area, at least one spare area including a temporary defect management area is allocated to the data area, and includes the temporary defect management area. It is possible to set a new spare area by expanding or contracting the allocated spare area with a predetermined extension unit (EU) as a minimum size.

An apparatus for recording and reproducing an optical disc of write once type according to the present invention includes a control unit for determining whether the spare area size is variable, and a spare area including a temporary defect management area when the spare area size is changed according to the determination. And a recording and reproducing unit for setting a new spare area by expanding or contracting the predetermined expansion unit EU to a minimum size.

 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a management information recording method of a write once optical disc according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For convenience of explanation, an optical disc that can be written once is described as an example of a Blu-ray Disc (BD-WO).

      In addition, the terms used in the present invention was selected as a general term widely used as possible now, but in certain cases, the term is arbitrarily selected by the applicant, in which case the meaning is described in detail in the description of the invention, The present invention is to be understood as the meaning of terms rather than names.

      2 and 3 are detailed diagrams showing the structure of a write once Blu-ray optical disc (BD-WO) to which the present invention is applied.

     The write-once optical disc of the present invention is characterized in that it has a spare area and a defect management area for defect management, and will be described in detail how to allocate the spare area and the defect management area in the disc.

FIG. 2 is a write-once optical disc (BD-WO) structure of the present invention, which relates to a single layer disc having one recording layer, compared with the conventional rewritable optical disc (BD-RE) described in FIG. In view of the above, the characteristic optical disc structure can be of the following two types.

Firstly, due to the characteristics of an optical disc that can be written once, a large number of areas for recording various types of management information on the disc must be secured. Therefore, a large number of temporary defect management areas other than the conventional defect management area (hereinafter referred to as "DMA") Management area, hereinafter referred to as " TDMA "). In particular, TDMA is largely divided into two types: first, a primary fault management area (hereinafter referred to as "PTDMA") having a fixed size (for example, 2048 cluster) within a lead-in area. Next, an auxiliary temporary defect management area (hereinafter referred to as "ATDMA") in the outer spare area OSA0 having a variable size among the spare areas in the data area is named PTDMA0 and ATDMA0, respectively. It was.

PTDMA0 must be allocated to the lead-in area in a fixed size (for example, 2048 cluster), and ATDMA0 can be assigned to a variable size (P1) at the time of allocation, which is more specific than the size (N1) of the spare area (OSA0). The size of the ratio (e.g., P1 = N1 / 4) would be appropriate, and the present invention allocated a sufficiently large area at the time of initial allocation, taking into account future variability. For example, in the case of the single layer as shown in FIG. 2, if the total recording capacity is about 24GB, a maximum of 4GB is allocated to OSA0, and ATDMA0 is assigned 1GB of 1/4 in OSA0. However, the initial allocation size is one example. For example, if you want to allocate the initial OSA0 to 2GB, ATDMA0 will be 0.5GB (= 500MB), and if you want to allocate the initial OSA0 to 6GB, ATDMA0 will be 1.5GB. It will be self-evident. That is, the write-once optical disc of the present invention has a plurality of temporary defect management areas (TDMA) in addition to the defect management area (DMA), but is first allocated in a specific spare area with a PTDMA assigned with a fixed size and a variable size. Characterized by having ATDMA.

Second, the size of the spare area can be changed flexibly. That is, varying the spare area means that the size of the initially allocated spare area can be expanded or reduced. This means that the defect management is performed even though it is an optical disc that can be written once. Further functions (e.g., logical overlapping on BD-WOs, which are not physically rewritable in certain areas, but are desired to be rewritten in specific areas that have already been recorded, This is because a large spare area is required in order to be able to record by replacing the spare area.

In addition, in the present invention, only the spare area existing at the end of the user data area can be changed in order to prevent confusion that occurs when all spare areas are flexibly operated. The spare area existing at the end of the user data area is the outer spare area OSA0 in the case of a single layer disk as shown in FIG. 2, and in the case of a dual layer disk as shown in FIG. It will be the inner spare area ISA1 of the second recording layer Layer1. That is, there is only one spare area that is flexibly operated in the entire disk, and the remaining spare areas are fixed at an initially allocated size and are not expanded or reduced later.

In addition, the expansion of the spare area allows expansion to a predetermined maximum expandable size to prevent indefinite expansion, for example, the desired maximum extension size allows the expansion of the spare area to half of the entire data area. In the case of a single layer as shown in FIG. 2, the maximum size of the expandable spare area will be about 12GB (768 × 256 clusters). However, it will be apparent that the maximum scalable size can be set to another size during the specification process.

In addition, for convenience of explanation, the alphabets N1, N2, P1, P2, L, and Q indicating the respective disc areas are shown as information indicating the size of the corresponding areas in FIG. 2 and below.

FIG. 3 shows a case of a dual layer having two recording layers to which the present invention is applied, wherein there is a first recording layer Layer0 and a second recording layer Layer1, each recording layer. There are PTDMA0 (Layer0) and PTDMA1 (Layer1) having a fixed size. A total of four spare areas can be allocated. ISA0 and OSA0 are allocated to the inner and outer peripheries of the first recording layer, ISA1 and OSA1 can be assigned to the Inner and Outer. In particular, ATDMA exists only in the dual OSA0 / OSA1 / ISA1, which is named ATDMA0 / ATDMA1 / ATDMA2, respectively. In addition, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the spare area that is dually variably operated may correspond only to the inner spare area ISA1 of the second recording layer existing at the end of the user data area, and is also expandable to a maximum expandable size. This prevents indefinite expansion. In FIG. 3, the English alphabets N2, P2, L, and Q are information representing the size of the corresponding area, respectively, in particular, the size P2 of ATDMA0 and ATDMA1 is about 1/4 of the size N2 of OSA0 and OSA1. It is desirable to have a size (Q) of ATDMA2 is about 1/4 of the size (L) of ISA1 1, but it will be apparent that it may have another size as determined by the specification. .

In the case of the dual layer shown in FIG. 3, the maximum number of allocated TDMAs is five, which are PTDMA0, PTDMA1, ATDMA0, ATDMA1, and ATDMA2, respectively. The TDMA allocated as described above can be applied in various ways in order of use. First, there may be a method using PTDMA and then using ATDMA. In this case, the order of use will be PTDMA0-> PTDMA1-> ATDMA0-> ATDMA1-> ATDMA2. The second method is to use the TDMA of the first recording layer (Layer0) first, and then use the TDMA of the second recording layer (Layer1) in the order of use of the user data area (LSN increase direction). PTDMA0-> ATDMA0-> ATDMA1-> ATDMA2-> PTDMA1. In the case of the second method, regardless of the names of PTDMA and ATDMA, the same method is used as the TDMA and used in the order of data recording direction.

4 to 6, a variable allocation method and a recording / reproducing apparatus of the spare area OSA0 including the temporary defect management area ATDMA0 of the present invention will be described in detail.

In addition, for convenience of description, in the following embodiment, only the case of the single layer as shown in FIG. 2 is shown as an example, it will be apparent that the same can be applied to the case of the dual layer as shown in FIG. In this case, ISA1, not OSA0, is variably operated as described above.

4 relates to a method for managing a spare area of the present invention, and in particular, illustrates a case in which the spare area is expanded.

 First, FIG. 4 initially allocates OSA0 (initial) including ATDMA0 to the initial stage, but ATDMA0 size P1 is allocated to 1/4 of OSA0 total size N1. OSA0 overall size (N1) can be assigned a variable size, but in the present invention, considering that ATDMA0 is not additionally allocated during disk use, it is preferable to set ATDMA0 to a sufficiently large size initially, for example, N1 = 4GB, As mentioned earlier, P1 = 1GB can be initially set.

In addition, in the present invention, "initial" means before the user first writes to the disk. Thus, the initial OSA0 allocation may be performed by the disk producer and may be formatted by the user. It means that it can be initialized by.

After the initial state as described above, i.e., when the spare area needs to be expanded while the disc is in use, the spare area OSA0 can be additionally assigned by the control unit (Figs. 6 and 20) or user command in the recording / playback apparatus. As a result, the entire spare area OSA0 is expanded.

In the present invention, each time OSA0 is extended, it is extended based on the minimum extension unit. In the present invention, the minimum unit to be extended hereinafter is referred to as "Extention Unit" (hereinafter also referred to as 'EU').

That is, the size of 1EU can be set according to the recording / playback apparatus (Fig. 6), but it should be determined in consideration of the size of the initial OSA0 (N1) and the size of the maximum expandable spare area (macimum expandable). In this paper, two examples are given.

The first is, for example, assigning only the minimum expansion unit for each allocation. Set the minimum expansion unit of 1EU to 1 GB (which is the size of a 64 X 256 cluster), and then set the IEU (= 1 GB) for each allocation. It is characterized by assigning each. In this case, if the size of the initial OSA0 is 4 GB and the maximum expandable spare area is 12 GB, eight additional allocations are possible. This embodiment has the advantage that the spare area can be easily managed in the recording / reproducing apparatus (Fig. 6) because the same size is allocated every time of allocation.

Second, for example, set 1EU, which is the minimum expansion unit, to 16MB (256 cluster size), and allocate K * EU size for each allocation once, so that 16MB (K = 1) and 32MB ( K = 2), .. 1GB (K = 64) and the like in a manner that can be freely allocated, the present embodiment can be freely assigned as the desired size is an advantage in convenience in use.

If the spare area needs to be expanded as described above, it is additionally extended in EU units. If the size is expanded as much as 2EU as shown in FIG. 4, the size of the entire OSA0 is expanded from the initial size N1 to 2EU (N1 + 2EU) ) And the user data area will be reduced by 2EU, on the contrary. However, in the present invention, the size P1 of ATDMA0 is fixed at the initially allocated size, so that it maintains the size of N1 / 4. Therefore, management difficulties that occur due to the additional allocation of ATDMA0 do not occur.

5 relates to a method for managing a spare area of the present invention, and particularly illustrates a case where the spare area is reduced.

 First, FIG. 5 initially allocates OSA0 (initial) including ATDMA0 to the initial stage, but ATDMA0 size P1 is allocated to 1/4 of OSA0 total size N1. Although the OSA0 total size N1 can be allocated to a variable size, it has been described above that it is preferable to set ATDMA0 to a sufficiently large size initially, considering that ATDMA0 is not additionally allocated during disk use.

After the initial state as described above, i.e. when the spare area needs to be reduced while the disc is being used, i.e. when the user data area needs to be expanded, the user data is controlled by the control unit (Figs. 6 and 20) or user command in the recording / reproducing apparatus. Further expansion of the area is possible, which means that the size of the entire spare area OSA0 is reduced.

In the present invention, each time the user data area is expanded, it is extended based on the minimum expansion unit, and the size of the expansion is preferably equal to the EU of FIG. That is, since the reduction of the spare area means the expansion of the user data area, there is no problem in naming the extension unit (EU), and the size of the spare area and the size of the spare area in the same recording / reproducing apparatus (Fig. 6) are the same size. This is because the design and operation of the recording and reproducing apparatus (Fig. 6) have advantages in the same manner as in Figs.

Therefore, even when the spare area is reduced, both allocation examples as shown in FIG. 4 can be applied, so that the size of the spare area can be reduced by the minimum extension unit EU at one time, or K * EU (K = 1,2, ... It will be possible to shrink by.

Fig. 6 relates to a recording / playback apparatus for an optical disk to which the present invention is applied, and the recording / playback apparatus is composed of a recording / playback section 10 for recording and playback on an optical disk and a control section 20 for controlling the playback. The control unit 20 issues a recording or reproducing command to the recording / reproducing section 10 to the specific area, and the recording / reproducing section performs recording / reproducing to the specific area according to the command of the control section. Specifically, the recording and playback section 10 includes an interface section 12 for communicating with the outside, a pickup section 11 for directly recording or reproducing data on an optical disc, and a playback signal received from the pickup section. A data-processor 13 for restoring a signal value or modulating and transmitting a signal to be recorded into a signal recorded on an optical disk, and picking up to accurately read a signal from the optical disk or to accurately record a signal on the optical disk. Servo unit 14 for controlling unit 11, memory 15 for temporarily storing various information and data including management information, and microcomputer 16 for controlling the components in the recording / reproducing unit 10. It can consist of.

The method of managing the spare area of the present invention in the optical recording and reproducing apparatus as described above is as follows.

When the optical disc is loaded, the recording and reproducing unit 10 checks the structure of the disc in the loaded optical disc, in particular checks the size and position of the spare area and the temporary defect management area (ATDMA), and notifies the control unit 20, The controller 20 determines in advance whether it is possible to further expand (or reduce) the spare area based on the information notified from the recording / playback unit 10.

 If it is determined that the spare area needs to be expanded while the disc is in use, the control unit 20 determines the size to be expanded and transfers it to the recording / playback unit 10 as an expansion command. In other words, the execution of the extension command will be a method of recording the size and location information of each area changed by the expansion of the spare area on the disc as management information.

That is, in the case of allocating OSA0 by 2EU as shown in Fig. 4, the control unit 20 commands allocation of OSA0, and the recording and reproducing unit 20 ends the user data area changed by the allocation in accordance with the allocation command. Expansion assignment is completed by recording the value of the portion (also called "Last LSN") in a specific management area in the disk.

Similarly, in the case where the spare area is allocated to shrink as shown in Fig. 5, the value of the end LSN of the user data area changed by the shrinking assignment is recorded in a specific management area on the disc, thereby reducing the allocation.

As mentioned above, preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed for purposes of illustration, and those skilled in the art can improve and change various other embodiments within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the appended claims below. , Replacement or addition would be possible.

The present invention is applied to an optical disc that can be recorded once, by presenting a method of variably using only the spare area as needed without changing the initial allocated temporary defect management area (PTDMA / ATDMA) in a write once optical disc. Since it is possible to establish a uniform standard for the structure of a possible spare area and a temporary defect management area (PTDMA / ATDMA), there is an advantage that the use efficiency of a write once optical disc can be improved.

Claims (17)

A method of managing a recording medium having a data area including a spare area and a user data area, The spare area and the user data area are allocated in an initial state of the recording medium, (a) determining whether to reduce the spare area allocated in the initial state and to expand the user data area allocated in the initial state according to the reduction of the spare area during the use of the recording medium; (b) reducing the spare area with a predetermined expansion unit EU to a minimum size and expanding the user data area according to the reduction; And (c) recording location information indicating a location of the extended user data area; And the location information corresponds to a logical sector number (LSN) of a last sector of the extended user data area. The method of claim 1, And (b) reducing the initially allocated spare area by an integer multiple of the predetermined expansion unit EU and extending the user data area by the reduced size. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The predetermined expansion unit EU is 16MB (256 cluster). A recording medium comprising a spare area and a user data area, and a management area, comprising: Sizes of the spare area and the user data area are allocated in an initial state of the recording medium, During the use of the recording medium, it is determined whether to reduce the spare area allocated in the initial state and to expand the user data area allocated in the initial state in accordance with the reduction of the spare area. The spare area allocated in the initial state may be reduced by using the predetermined expansion unit EU as a minimum size, and the user data area allocated in the initial state may be expanded in accordance with the reduction. The management area stores location information indicating the location of the user data area extended in accordance with the reduction of the spare area, The location information corresponds to a logical sector number (LSN) of the last sector of the extended user data area. The method of claim 4, wherein And the initially allocated spare area is reduced by an integer multiple size (K * EU) of the predetermined expansion unit (EU) and the user data area is extended by the reduction size. The method of claim 4, wherein The predetermined expansion unit (EU) is a recording medium of 16MB (256 cluster). An apparatus for recording / reproducing data on a recording medium having a data area including a spare area and a user data area, comprising: Sizes of the spare area and the user data area are allocated in an initial state of the recording medium, A pickup for recording data on or reproducing data from the recording medium; And Determining whether to reduce the spare area allocated in the initial state and to expand the user data area allocated in the initial state according to the reduction of the spare area during the use of the recording medium by controlling the pickup. A control unit configured to reduce the spare area to a minimum size of the predetermined expansion unit EU, to expand the user data area according to the reduction of the spare area, and to record position information indicating the location of the extended user data area. Include, And the position information corresponds to a logical sector number (LSN) of a last sector of the extended user data area. The method of claim 7, wherein An interface unit for communicating with the outside; A data-processor for restoring a signal from the pickup or for modulating a signal to be recorded on the recording medium and transferring the signal to the pickup; A servo unit for controlling the pickup to accurately record a signal on the recording medium; A recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus comprising a memory for temporarily storing a signal. The method of claim 7, wherein And the control unit controls the pickup to reduce the initially allocated spare area by an integer multiple size K * EU of the predetermined expansion unit EU. The method of claim 7, wherein And the predetermined expansion unit (EU) is 16 MB (256 clusters). delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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