KR100947080B1 - Excavating apparatus of vertical hole and excavation method of vertical hole - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An excavation device of a vertical hole using water pressure and vacuum, and an excavating method using the same are provided to excavate the ground using a drill bit, and to rapidly discharge the excavated sludge only using water pressure. CONSTITUTION: An excavation device of a vertical hole using water pressure and vacuum comprises a drilling unit(110), a support unit(120), a drill rod(130), a drill bit(140), a casing(150), a water supply unit(160), and a vacuum discharge unit(170). The support unit supports the drilling unit. The drill rod transfers power of the drilling unit. The drill bit excavates the ground using the power of the drilling unit. The casing supports an inner wall of an excavated hole(1). The water supply unit supplies water to inside of the excavated hole. The vacuum discharge unit discharges water and sludge to outside.

Description

Excavating apparatus of vertical hole and Excavation method of vertical hole}

The present invention relates to a vertical pit excavation, and more particularly, a vertical pit using a hydraulic pressure and a vacuum that can quickly form a pit such as a ventilator or a work tool in a mine using excavation by a drill bit and discharge of sludge by hydraulic pressure. It relates to an excavation device and an excavation method.

For a long time, mines have been excavated with transverse shafts for vertical holes for entry and exit shafts and for ventilation purposes.

However, in order to construct these types of vertical spheres, various excavation equipments should be applied, but in Korea, they are designed and constructed in accordance with the old equipment rather than newly developed mechanized equipment. It implies

Conventionally used to excavate the vertical and sand pit is largely divided into a top down drilling method and a bottom up drilling method.

Among them, bottom-up excavation methods include D & B (Drill & Blasting Method), R.C (Raise Climber Method), and R.B.M (Raise Boring Machine Method).

D & B method (Drill & Blasting Method) is a conventional blasting method by gunpowder, proceeds in the order of drilling, blasting, ventilation, bubbling treatment, reinforcement. This method requires a temporary facility, such as a winch (Winch) is expensive and the blast and vibration noise is high, the risk of safety accidents, high labor costs due to manpower excavation, and there was a problem of falling precision in construction.

The Rise Climber Method (Raise Climber Method) drills the pilot hole using a rock drill and installs rails for the movement of the working scaffold in the order of drilling, charging, blasting, ventilation, pumice treatment. This method is difficult to apply in the soft ground condition, the blast and vibration noise is high, so the risk of safety accident is difficult, and it is difficult to cope with the fall or collapse, and the uncertainty of construction is required in places requiring precision such as pumping power plant. Became.

RBM method (Raise Boring Machine Method) installs the machine room on the upper part of the vertical shaft or sand shaft to be excavated, the reaming room is formed on the lower part, then operates the mill in the upper machine room, and the drill rod equipped with drilling bits The excavation hole is excavated while replacing and the reinforcement is pulled up through the excavated guide hole to expand the vertical shaft or the quadrangular shaft.

When the existing RBM method is excavated, the domestic strata may escape fresh water even if the order is grouted, and thus construction cannot be performed. In addition, high-pressure compressed air for sludge treatment should be used, and there is a possibility of problems in sludge treatment due to the weak fresh water pressure.

In addition, even when reinforcing the soil section using the order method, there is a difficulty in reinforcing such as lining only when the possibility of collapse and the excavation of the shear surface are completed.

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, a vertical drilling rig and excavation method using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum that can excavate the ground by a drill bit and quickly discharge the excavated sludge using only water pressure without air The purpose is to provide.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to prevent water from being dropped into the drilling pit to discharge the sludge and to prevent the collapse of the drilling rig.

Vertical drilling rig using a hydraulic pressure and a vacuum according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the drill driving unit for providing a drilling power; A support part installed at a drilling position of the excavation shaft and supporting the drill drive part; A drill rod connected to the drill driver and transmitting a rotational force of the drill driver; A drill bit provided inside the suction hole and connected to a lower end of the drill rod to excavate the ground by receiving the power of the drill driving unit; A casing that is continuously installed in accordance with the excavation process so as to surround the excavation shaft inner wall drilled by the drill bit; A water supply unit filling water into the casing to form a water pressure; A vacuum pump and a discharge pipe having both ends connected to the suction hole of the vacuum pump and the drill bit, respectively, the vacuum discharge unit for discharging the sludge and water in the excavation gang to the outside by the vacuum pump when driving the drill bit Characterized in that configured to include.

Vertical drilling method using the hydraulic pressure and vacuum according to the present invention, the step (S10) installing the support portion 120 in accordance with the position to drill the drilling gang (1); (S20) installing a drill drive unit (110) on the support unit, and installing a drill bit (140) on the bottom of the drill drive unit; (S30) inserting and installing a casing (150) inside the excavation gang while forming an excavation gang having a desired depth through the drill bit; (S40) inserting water into the casing through the water supply unit 160 to form a water pressure inside the excavation shaft; Further, (S50) the drilling proceeds through the driving of the drill bit, and the vacuum discharge unit 170 is operated to pass the sludge and water inside the drilling rig to the ground via the suction hole formed in the drill bit. It characterized in that it comprises a step of discharging.

According to the vertical rig excavation device and the excavation method using the water pressure and vacuum according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost and quickly discharge the sludge by discharging the sludge in the excavation gang to the ground using only water without using air As the space occupancy for installing various equipments is narrowed, it can reduce the arrangement work around the excavation gang and can be used even in a narrow space.

In addition, by installing a casing inside the excavation gang at the same time as the excavation, the water injected into the excavation gang is not lost to the ground, thereby minimizing the amount of water used, and thus reducing unnecessary maintenance costs because the excavation gang is not collapsed.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical shaft excavation apparatus using the hydraulic pressure and the vacuum according to the present invention includes the power generated from the drill driver 110, the support part 120 supporting the drill driver 110, and the drill driver 110. Drill rod 130 to transmit, the drill bit 140 is installed on the lower end of the drill rod 130, the casing 150 for supporting the inner wall of the drilling gang 1, supplying water to the drilling gang 1 It comprises a water supply unit 160, a sludge in the excavation gang 1 and a vacuum discharge unit 170 for discharging water to the outside, each component will be described in detail below.

The drill drive unit 110 is composed of a drive motor for generating power and a gear box for reducing motor power, and supplies rotational power to the drill bit 140 through a drill rod 130 extending downward.

The support part 120 is used as a base structure for installing and installing the drill drive unit 110 at a predetermined height away from the ground, and the upper frame 121 and the upper frame 121 in which the drill drive unit 110 is installed are installed. It consists of a pillar 122 extending in the vertical direction of the four corners lower, while supporting the drill drive unit 110 to form a working space.

The pillars 122 may be fixed to the ground by inserting and concrete pouring to the ground to increase the bearing capacity for the ground, respectively.

The drill rod 130 extends downward to a driving shaft (not shown) of the drill driving unit 110 and is rotated by receiving power from a driving motor. The drill rod 130 is manufactured in an appropriate length unit and continues to extend.

One or more stabilizers 131 may be applied to the outer diameter of the drill rod 130.

Stabilizer 131 is formed in a circular band shape is coupled to the concentric circle of the drill rod 130, the outer periphery is supported on the wall surface (or the inner circumferential surface of the casing 150) of the drilling gang 1 and the rotation of the drill rod 130 Rotate together upon.

The stabilizer 131 serves to reduce the excavation vibration of the drill rod 130 and to maintain the position of the drill bit 140.

In this case, the diameter of the stabilizer 131 may be formed to be equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 150. Thus, as the stabilizer 131 is rotated, friction with the inner surface of the casing 150 may occur, which may be reduced by lubrication by water filled in the casing 150.

The drill bit 140 is connected to the lower end of the drill rod 130 to receive the rotational force of the drill drive unit 110 through the drill rod 130 while drilling the ground while rotating.

Drill bit 140 is capable of any structure that can excavate the ground is provided with a suction hole 141 therein so as to suction and discharge the sludge and water present in the excavation gang (1). The suction hole 141 is connected to the discharge pipe 172 to be described later of the vacuum discharge unit 170. At this time, the discharge pipe 172 is in a fixed state and the drill rod 130 and the drill bit 140 is in a rotating state, so the suction hole 141 and the discharge pipe 172 may be connected in the hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 in a fixed state to be described later. have.

For example, the discharge pipe 172 is fixed, for example, penetrated through the hub 132a formed in the hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132, and the end is piped into the suction hole 141 of the drill bit 140.

The present invention is to increase the excavation effect by the drill bit 140 and to increase the water pressure in the excavation gang (1) is equipped with a hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 so that the discharge of sludge and water is made quickly.

The hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 serves to increase the excavation effect by the weight by weighting the drill bit 140, is made of a circular weight having a diameter similar to the diameter of the drill bit 140 .

In addition, the hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 will be formed through the hole so that the water introduced by the water supply unit 160 can be filled from the bottom of the drilling gang 1, preferably may be provided with a screw blade. The screw blade is to increase the water pressure to be described below. For this purpose, the hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 is mounted to the drill rod 130 through the bearing to be idling, and the outer circumference is supported on the inner circumferential surface of the excavation shaft 1 or the casing 150 to maintain a fixed state.

The screw of the hydraulic pressure increasing plate 132 may also be formed in the stabilizer 131.

Casing 150 is installed on the inner wall of the excavation gang (1) serves to prevent the collapse of the ground. Casing 150 is made of a certain length (not specific value to be electrostatic) in consideration of manufacturing, transportation and construction, the plurality of casing 150 is connected (may be connected by welding or fasteners) depending on the depth of the excavation shaft (1) do. The coupling of the casings 150 may be made in a separate clamp or fastener, but may be stacked by the weight of the casing 150.

The casing 150 is coupled to the circumference of the drill rod 130, that is, the drill rod 130, and is formed in the shape of a round shape according to the shape of the excavation shaft 1 based on the installation state, but FIG. 2. As in, in consideration of workability is made of two pieces (15A, 15B) divided into two (shown as two in Figure 2). Each piece 15A, 15B is provided with one or more fastening portions 151 at opposite ends for coupling to each other, and the fasteners 152 are fastened and coupled in a state where the fastening portions 151 overlap.

The casing 150 is inserted into the excavation gangster 1 excavated by the drill bit 140, as shown in Figure 3, the insertion of the casing 150 on the ground side so that the twist does not occur when the excavation gangster 1 is inserted An induction guide 180 to guide may be provided.

Insert guide portion 180 is made of the same arc shape as the curvature of the casing 150, the base 181 is installed at two or more (shown as two in Figure 4) at regular intervals on the periphery of the casing 150, It is installed on the base 181 and consists of one or more support rollers 182 supporting the casing 150.

The base 181 may be installed to be movable in a direction closer to or away from the casing 150 by an actuator 183 such as one or more hydraulic jacks, hydraulic cylinders of which the length is changed.

The support roller 182 is rotatably mounted in place on the base 181 to minimize frictional resistance with the casing 150.

Meanwhile, the casing 150 may be installed during the excavation without stopping the excavation and, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, is inserted by an actuator 123 such as a plurality of hydraulic cylinders fixed to the support 120.

The water supply unit 160 for fresh water in the casing 150 may supply the pump 161 for pumping water and the water pumped by the pump 161 to the inside of the excavation shaft 1 through the casing 150. It consists of a supply pipe 162.

For example, the water supply unit 160 may supply fresh water to a nearby reservoir, and alternatively, the sludge may be supplied by the sorting unit 190, which will be described later, to be supplied into the excavation shaft 1. .

The vacuum discharge unit 170 is configured to include a vacuum pump 171 and the discharge pipe 172.

The vacuum pump 171 generates a suction force for sucking sludge and water through the suction hole 141 of the drill bit 140 by vacuum.

Both ends of the discharge pipe 172 are piped to the suction hole 141 of the vacuum pump 171 and the drill bit 140 to guide the discharge of the sludge and water.

The present invention may further include a sorting unit 190 to sort the sludge and water discharged through the vacuum discharge unit 170 and to recycle the selected water.

The sorting unit 190 may be a network structure using a particle size difference between sludge and water, and is configured to supply, for example, a small particle sized water to the sorting and pump 161 downward.

The water sorted by the sorting unit 190 may be temporarily stored in the tank 191 and then supplied to the pump 161.

By using such a recycle structure, it can be very useful in a work environment in which water supply is not smooth.

Hereinafter, referring to FIG. 5, a vertical shaft excavation method using hydraulic pressure and a vacuum according to the present invention will be described.

(S10) Support installation.

The support part 120 is installed at a position to drill the excavation gangster 1.

Before the support 120 is installed, it can be blown out, and the lower part of the pillar 122 of the support 120 can be firmly fixed to the ground with concrete or the like.

(S20) Drill bit installation.

The drill drive unit 110 is installed on the upper frame 121 of the support unit 120, and the drill bit 140 is connected to the drill drive unit 110 (the drill rod 130 may be connected or connected directly. ).

(S30) excavation.

When power is applied to the drill driver 110, the drill bit 140 rotates, and excavation is performed by the rotational force of the drill bit 140. Drilling proceeds while connecting the drill rod 130.

When the excavation is made to some extent, the casing 150 may be inserted into the excavation shaft 1, and the water supply unit 160 and the vacuum discharge unit 170 may be installed. When the insertion of the casing 150 is completed, filling the filler between the casing 150 and the excavation surface may reduce the resistance of the casing 150.

The discharge pipe 172 of the vacuum discharge unit 170 is connected to the suction hole 141 of the drill bit 140.

The water supply unit 160 and the vacuum discharge unit 170 may be installed in the above-described (S20) drill bit installation process.

(S40) excavation and sludge discharge.

Along with the excavation by the drill bit 140, water is introduced into the excavation shaft 1 through the water supply unit 160, and the vacuum discharge unit 170 is operated. Water will be filled from the bottom of the excavation gang (1), since the excavation gang (1) is protected by the casing 150 does not collapse and can prevent the loss of the injected water.

Sludge and water in the excavation shaft 1 are sucked into the suction hole 141 by the suction force of the vacuum pump 171 and the hydraulic pressure generated when the drill bit 140 rotates. At this time, the pressure of the bottom of the pressure increasing plate 132 is increased by the pressure increasing plate 132 so that the sludge and water inside the drilling gang 1 may be sucked into the suction hole 141 more quickly.

Sludge and water sucked into the suction hole 141 is discharged to the outside of the excavation gang 1 through the discharge pipe 172, and passes through the sorting unit 190.

The sludge sorted through the sorting unit 190 is loaded or transported, and the water is temporarily stored in the tank 191 and then re-injected into the excavation shaft 1.

As the depth of the excavation gang 1 deepens by the drill bit 140, the casing 150 is connected to protect a predetermined section with the casing 150.

When the excavation is completed, all devices such as the drill bit 140 may be dismantled, and the structure may be permanently structured by mortar grouting between the casing 150 and the excavation surface.

1 is an installation view showing the entire structure of a vertical shaft excavation device using the hydraulic pressure and vacuum according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an illustration of a casing applied to a vertical shaft excavation device using the water pressure and vacuum according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the insertion guide portion applied to the vertical shaft excavation device using the water pressure and vacuum according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the insertion guide portion applied to the vertical shaft excavation device using the hydraulic pressure and vacuum according to the present invention.

5 is a process chart of a vertical shaft excavation method using the hydraulic pressure and vacuum according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts in the drawing>

110: drill drive portion, 120: support portion

130: drill rod, 131: stabilizer

132: hydraulic pressure increase plate, 140: drill bit

150: casing, 160: water supply

170: vacuum discharge portion, 180: insertion guide portion

190: sorting unit,

Claims (11)

A drill driving unit 110 to provide excavation power; A support part 120 installed at a drilling position of the excavation gang and supporting the drill drive part; A drill rod (130) connected to the drill driver and transmitting a rotational force of the drill driver; A drill bit 140 provided inside the suction hole 141 and connected to a lower end of the drill rod and digging the ground by receiving the power of the drill driving unit; A casing 150 which is continuously installed in accordance with the excavation process so as to surround the inner wall of the excavation shaft 1 drilled by the drill bit; A water supply unit 160 filling water in the casing to form water pressure; The vacuum pump 171, both ends are composed of a discharge pipe 172 connected to the suction hole of the vacuum pump and the drill bit, respectively, the external sludge and water inside the excavation gang by the vacuum pump when the drill bit is driven Including a vacuum discharge unit 170 for discharging, The drill rod is a hydraulic pressure increasing plate that is connected to the spaced apart from the drill bit to the top through the bearing while the circumferential portion is supported on the inner circumferential surface of the casing to maintain a fixed state and increase the water pressure toward the drill bit Vertical drilling rig using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum, characterized in that it includes (132). delete The method according to claim 1, The hydraulic pressure increasing plate is a vertical blade excavation apparatus using a hydraulic pressure and a vacuum, characterized in that the screw blade is formed in the inner diameter to increase the hydraulic pressure by causing the downward flow in the casing. The method according to claim 1 or 3, A base 181 which is installed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction at a circumferential direction of the casing, and one or more support rollers 182 that are rotatably mounted on the base and support the casing through an outer circumferential surface of the casing; Vertical drilling rig using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum, characterized in that the insertion guide portion 180 is included. The method according to claim 4, The insertion guide unit is installed at the rear of the base vertical actuator drilling device using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum, characterized in that it further comprises an actuator (183) for moving the base so as to adjust the distance to the casing. The method according to claim 5, The vertical shaft drilling device using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum characterized in that it comprises a circular band shape and fixed to the drill rod and a circumferential portion is supported on the inner peripheral surface of the casing to support the drill rod. The method according to claim 6, The casing 150 is a vertical shaft excavation device using a hydraulic pressure and vacuum, characterized in that the two or more pieces are assembled to be assembled with the drill rod 130 therebetween. The method of claim 7, wherein the screen structure includes a sorting unit 190 configured to form a sludge and water discharged by the vacuum discharge unit and supply the sorted water to the water supply unit. Vertical diggers. (S10) installing the support 120 in accordance with the position to drill the drilling gang (1); (S20) installing a drill drive unit (110) on the support unit, and installing a drill bit (140) on the bottom of the drill drive unit through a drill rod (130); (S30) inserting and installing a casing (150) inside the excavation gang while forming an excavation gang having a desired depth through the drill bit; (S40) inserting water into the casing through the water supply unit 160 to form a water pressure inside the excavation shaft; And, (S50) proceeding the excavation through the driving of the drill bit and operating the vacuum discharge unit 170 to discharge the sludge and water inside the excavation gang to the ground via the suction hole formed in the drill bit. Including steps In the step of discharging the sludge and water to the ground by mounting a screw blade to the periphery of the drill rod to form a flow toward the bottom of the screw blade increases the water pressure so that the sludge and water in the suction hole of the drill bit Vertical shaft excavation method using a water pressure and a vacuum, characterized in that to be sucked quickly. delete The method according to claim 9, And separating the sludge and water discharged by the step of discharging the sludge and water, and resupplying the sorted water to the water supply unit.

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