KR100920018B1 - Wide Band Width/ Dual Frequency Microstrip Antenna and Array Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wideband / 2 frequency microstrip patch antenna, and implements an antenna that etches a λ / 2 microstrip patch antenna on a dielectric substrate to resonate at a specific frequency, and processes a through hole on the microstrip patch antenna. Implement an λ / 4 short line connected to ground to form an antenna to form a separate resonance point, thereby implementing an antenna that can obtain two resonance frequencies in one microstrip patch antenna, or by adjoining two resonance frequencies An antenna can be implemented. By implementing the antennas corresponding to two frequencies on one radiator, it is possible to manufacture them compactly.Because the radiation directions of the different frequencies are the same, microstrip patch antennas are arranged adjacent to each other to arrange a plurality of antennas and adjust the spacing. The gain and directivity can be increased, and since the radiation direction and radiation pattern of the entire microstrip patch antenna are constant, the overall backlobe and sidelobe of the array antenna can be lowered, so that it can be used for an internal antenna repeater using the same frequency.

Microstrip Patch Antenna, Repeater, Internal Antenna

Description

Wideband / Frequency Microstrip Patch Antenna and Array Antenna {Wide Band Width / Dual Frequency Microstrip Antenna and Array Antenna}

1A and 1C are diagrams formed by etching a microstrip patch antenna on a dielectric substrate;

1 (b) is a ground coplanar line (GCPW) diagram in which a signal is connected to feed a microstrip patch antenna under the antenna substrate,

FIG. 1D is a ground coplaner line (GCPW) diagram in which a signal is configured to feed a microstrip patch antenna under the antenna substrate to the Wilkins device; FIG.

2 is a side view of the present antenna;

3 is a reflection loss (S11) characteristics of the present antenna,

4 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern for each frequency of the present antenna,

5 and 6 are two-dimensional (0 degrees, 90 degrees) radiation pattern for each frequency of the present antenna.

<Detailed Description of Details>

1: radiator (radiator) 2: feeding point (feed point) 3: pin (short point)

4: Dielectric substrate for radiator 5, 8: Ground coplaner line (GCPW) for signal transmission
6: Ground plate 7: Resistance (100 kΩ)
8-1,8-2,8-3: Ground Coplaner Line (GCPW)

delete

9: Ground plate between laminated dielectric substrate 10: Dielectric substrate for line

11: Through hole for ground 12: Port for communication

      [Document 1] KR Patent 2003-0064792 2003.08.02

      [Document 2] KR 10-2005-0013970 2005.02.05

      [Document 3] KR 10-0544388 2006.01.11

      [Document 4] KR 10-0613603 2006.08.10

      [Document 5] KR 10-0542830 2006.01.05

      [Document 6] KR 10-0525313 2005.10.25

      [Document 7] KR 10-0542829 2006.01.05

      [Document 8] KR 10-2006-0070790 2006.06.26

      Document 9 KR 10-2006-0070793 2006.06.26

      Document 10 KR 10-2006-0070795 2006.06.26

      [Document 11] JP 2002-151100

The present invention relates to a patch antenna using a microstrip corresponding to two frequencies. This antenna has not only one strip patch corresponding to two frequencies but also two resonance points in close proximity to obtain broadband characteristics, and a plurality of strip patches are adjacent to each other to collect mutual radiation patterns to increase directivity. The ability to lower the back lobe increases the isolation between the antennas, allowing it to be used as an antenna for repeaters using the same frequency.

In order to implement an antenna corresponding to two frequencies, as in the case of the conventional Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 11, a strip patch corresponding to an antenna radiator is separately made and attached to one jig to be used in combination. Is in most cases. In this case, due to the presence of a separate radiator, the antenna size becomes larger or the space becomes larger, and two different frequencies are provided in the same direction due to different directions of the radiators (the transmission / reception frequencies of the mobile phones are different from each other). Case) is difficult.

In addition, in order to obtain broadband characteristics, another auxiliary radiator is attached on the actual main radiator fed as in Document 4, Document 5, Document 6, and Document 7 to use a method of widening the resonance band by using a plurality of radiators. In addition, due to the presence of a plurality of radiators, the volume is difficult to miniaturize, manufacturing is complicated, and there are a plurality of radiators, so when implementing an array antenna using an array of radiators, the radiation pattern is not uniform.

For this reason, it is difficult to use the antenna of the document for the purpose of a repeater using the same frequency, and in the case of Document 8, Document 9, and Document 10, the jig must be specially made to increase isolation between antennas. Occurs. In this case, the jig of the antenna becomes large, which makes it difficult to miniaturize and the radiation pattern of the antenna is not uniform.

Therefore, in the present invention, a single radiator etched on an antenna substrate can be used to correspond to two frequencies, so that it can be manufactured in a small size, and radiates from one radiator due to setting / corresponding two frequencies differently with one radiator. Both frequencies are the same in the radiation direction.

The plurality of radiators are etched / implemented on a single substrate to adjust the radiating pattern radiated by each radiator by adjusting the spacing of each radiator to increase the directivity of the antenna beam and to reduce the back lobe of the beam, thereby reducing the size of the substrate. It is possible to implement an antenna having the lowest backlobe beam pattern.

When the antenna is used for repeaters using the same frequency, the antenna has a very low back lobe, so the isolation between the antennas can be increased. Will be.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a view showing an embodiment according to the present invention. 1- (a) shows an embodiment in which four microstrip patch antennas are etched on the dielectric substrate 4, and FIG. 1- (b) shows each radiator as a bottom part of the antenna substrate of FIG. 1- (a). 1 is a diagram illustrating a feed ground coplanar line (GCPW) 5 for feeding a signal. 1- (c) is an embodiment showing the top surface of the antenna substrate in which four microstrip patches are also etched on the dielectric substrate 4, and FIG. 1- (d) shows the bottom of the antenna substrate of FIG. In order to supply a signal to each radiator 1 as a part, the signal 8 inputted from the input port 12 is divided into two signals by implementing Wilkins divide 8-1, and these two (8-1) again. ) Is a diagram showing an embodiment in which Wilkins divides the signal into four (8-2, 8-3) and connects it to a radiator.

) 식을 이용하여 주공진주파수 f1 을 구한다. 이 라디에이터(1)에 급전하기 위하여 그라운드코플레이너선로(GCPW)(5, 8)와 통신기를 포트(12)로 연결하고, 이 그라운드코플레이너선로(GCPW)(5, 8)를 기판 위에 형성하여 기판 위에 존재하는 라디에이터(1)와 밑으로 스루홀을 가공하여 연결한다. 그라운드코플레이너선로(GCPW) 주위에는 그라운드판(6)을 만들고 이 그라운드판(6)의 가장자리 및 그라운드코플레이너선로(GCPW) 부근의 그라운드에는 스루홀(11)을 가공하여 선로용 유전체기판(10) 윗면의 그라운드판(9)과 연결하게 한다.The radiator 1 of copper foil is embodied by an etching or printing method on a dielectric substrate 4 of constant thickness, and the length L of the radiator is set to a half-wave length of the frequency used, and the frequency and dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate are λ / ( 2

Calculate the main resonance frequency f1 by using In order to feed the radiator 1, the ground coplanar lines (GCPW) 5 and 8 and the communicator are connected to the port 12, and the ground coplanar lines (GCPW) 5 and 8 are connected to the substrate. It forms and connects through-holes underneath the radiator 1 present on the substrate. A ground plate 6 is formed around the ground coplaner line (GCPW), and a through hole 11 is machined in the ground near the edge of the ground plate 6 and the ground coplaner line (GCPW), and the dielectric board for the line is processed. (10) Connect to the ground plate (9) on the top.

) 표현할 수가 있는데, 기판의 유전율과 사용주파수로 급전점(2)과 쇼트점(3)과의 길이를 결정하여 라디에이터(1)를 라디에이터용 유전체기판(4) 아랫면의 그라운드판(9)과 쇼트 시킴으로써 라디에이터(1)의 길이 L 에 의해 결정되는 주공진주파수 f1 과 별도로 쇼트점(3)의 위치에 의한 부공진주파수 f2 를 얻을 수가 있게 된다. A short microstrip patch antenna 1 is formed to form a negative resonant frequency f2 for resonating another frequency. The through-hole is formed on the radiator 1 to ground the bottom plate of the dielectric substrate 4 for the radiator. Short with (9). The length of the short line is made to be λ / 4, and the frequency is determined by the length between the feed point 2 and the short point 3. This length is given by λ / (4

The length of the feed point (2) and the short point (3) is determined by the permittivity of the substrate and the frequency used, and the radiator (1) is shorted to the ground plate (9) and the bottom of the dielectric substrate (4) for the radiator. By doing so, the negative resonance frequency f2 at the position of the short point 3 can be obtained separately from the main resonance frequency f1 determined by the length L of the radiator 1.

By appropriately adjusting the length between the short point 3 and the feed point 2, it is possible to make an antenna which resonates at two frequencies of the negative resonance frequency f2 and the primary resonance frequency f1, and the main resonance frequency f1 and the short. It is also possible to fabricate an antenna that obtains a resonance characteristic with a wide band at one frequency by adjusting the interval of the sub resonance frequency f2, which is a separate resonance point made in a line, to approach two resonance frequencies.

The secondary resonance point is formed by the short line, and the short point 3 of the short line is narrow in relation to each other, so that two or more short points 3 are formed in adjacent positions to improve the characteristic that the frequency band of the secondary resonance point is narrow. It is also possible to widen the resonant frequency band.

Thus, in one radiator 1, antennas corresponding to two frequencies in which the resonant frequency f1 by the length L of the radiator and the negative resonance frequency f2 by the short point 3 existing on the radiator 1 are present separately are made. An antenna in which two frequencies exist in one radiator is formed in the same direction in both the radiation pattern and the direction of the two radiators. By controlling the distance gx and gy, it is possible to control the direction in which electric and magnetic fields flow, so that it is possible to manufacture a low back lobe antenna by increasing the directivity and reducing the back lobe of the radiation pattern. As shown in FIG. 1, four radiators 1 are formed on one dielectric substrate 4, and the radiators are radiated from the rear of the antenna while all four radiators radiate electric and magnetic fields in the same direction by adjusting the distance gx and gy of each radiator. The back lobe can be adjusted to the minimum.

When a plurality of radiators 1 are printed or etched on the dielectric substrate 4, ground coplanar lines (GCPW) 5 and 8 below the antennas of FIGS. 1- (b) and 1- (d). In the signal coming from the port 12 connected to the communicator is divided into 2 to 4 lines from 1 to 2, wherein the ground coplanar line (GCPW) as shown in Fig. 1- (b) method and Wilkins As shown in Fig. 1- (d) using a device, one signal is divided into two signals using a Wilkins device of 8-1, and these two signals are used as Wilkins devices. The signals are divided into four signals through 8-2 and 8-3 and fed to the radiator 1.

In order to improve the gain and backlobe characteristics of the antenna, the number of radiators is placed on one dielectric substrate as one, four, eight, sixteen, etc., and the distance between each radiator is adjusted to form one antenna. The feed point of the radiator can be connected to feed from the communicator, further improving the gain and radiation characteristics of the entire antenna.

The present invention is described in more detail by the following examples and the results are shown.

1- (a) and 1- (c), the radiator 1 is formed on the dielectric substrate 4 by etching or printing, and through holes for powering the radiator are processed to show FIGS. 1- (b), Connect with the ground coplanar lines (GCPW) 5 and 8 under the antenna substrate as in 1- (d).

In an embodiment of the present invention, an epoxy substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.5 is used to resonate the main resonance frequency at a resonance frequency of 2,150 to 2,170 MHz, and four radiators are processed by processing the length L of the radiator 1 to 31 mm. To form a resonance frequency of 2160 MHz. In this case, the return loss of the main resonance point is -10dB to 87MHz, and the maximum return loss is -25dB.

In addition, in order to adjust the negative resonance frequency to 1,960MHz to 1,980MHz, a short point 3 is formed at the feed point 2 and the λ / 4 point to set the resonance frequency to 1,960MHz to 1,980MHz. In this case, when the short point 3 is formed as one, when the bandwidth is narrowed, one more short point is formed in the vicinity, thereby widening the short area to widen the bandwidth by the main resonance point. In this embodiment, two short diameters of 0.8 mm were formed, and a bandwidth of 54 MHz was obtained at a return loss of -10 dB at a frequency range of 1,960 MHz to 1,980 MHz.

Thus, a single radiator can realize a microstrip patch antenna that resonates at a main resonance frequency of 2,150 to 2,170 MHz due to the length L of the radiator and simultaneously resonates with a negative resonance frequency of 1,960 MHz to 1,980 MHz due to a short point present on the radiator. Will be.

Four microstrip patch antennas are formed, and the distances gx and gy are adjusted to 10 mm and 8 mm, and the strip line or Wilkins device is micro-controlled as shown in FIGS. 1- (b) and 1- (d) for feeding the radiator. Form by strip technique. The signal (FIG. 1- (b)) coming from the port 12, which is a connection point with the communicator, is separated into two through the ground coplaner line (GCPW) 5, and is further divided into four radiators (on the substrate). 1) is connected through the through hole. In addition, in the line using Wilkins divide (FIG. 1- (d)), the signal which came in through the port 12 which is the connection point with a communicator is divided into two signals through Wilkins divide 8-1 of the first stage, and again 2 The four signals are separated into four by the following Wilkins dividers 8-2 and 8-3, and are connected to the radiator 1 through the through holes.

The electromagnetic fields radiated from the four radiators connected in this way are radiated from the same radiator as the main resonance frequencies 2,150 MHz to 2,170 MHz and the negative resonance frequencies 1,960 MHz to 1,980 MHz. As can be seen, the maximum return loss at the main resonance frequency is about -25dB, and the band at this time is 54MHz at -10dB, the maximum return loss at the main resonance point is -25dB, and the band can be 87MHz at -10dB. In addition, the radiation pattern of the main lobe is improved, and the gain is increased, and the radiation pattern of the back lobe is reduced, thereby realizing an antenna having excellent overall radiation characteristics.

In the embodiment of the present invention, four radiators are pattern-printed with a radiator length of 31 mm on a 100 × 100 mm dielectric substrate to realize a single antenna with a distance of 10 mm and 8 mm for each radiator. An antenna with gain of 8dB to 9dB can be implemented, and the antenna has a very low radiation pattern of -22dB to -27dB as shown in Table 2.

Return Loss at Main and Negative Resonance Frequencies Negative resonance frequency (1.97 GHz) characteristics Main resonance frequency (2.16GHz) characteristics [S11] min (GHz) max (GHz) Width (MHz) min (GHz) max (GHz) Width (MHz) -10 dB 1.9449 1.9993 (54.396) 2.1111 2.1986 (87.537) -15 dB 1.9568 1.9854 (28.583) 2.1355 2.1792 (43.716) -20 dB 1.9643 1.9782 (13.844) 2.1497 2.1676 (17.852)

Gain, Efficiency, and Backlobe Characteristics for Each Frequency Gain (dB) Tot. Effic. Side lobe level (dB) Phi = 0 Phi = 90 1.96 GHz 8.340 0.9252 -22.6 -33.1 1.97 GHz 8.329 0.9380 -22.0 -31.5 1.98 GHz 8.354 0.9302 -21.4 -32.8 2.15 GHz 9.184 0.9895 -27.4 -27.8 2.16 GHz 9.206 0.9927 -26.7 -27.4 2.17 GHz 9.230 0.9855 -26.0 -27.1

Claims (7)

A microstrip patch antenna operating in two or more frequency bands or having broadband characteristics, One or two or more radiators 1 are formed on the dielectric substrate 4 or formed by the etching technique to a size of λ / 2 of the main resonance frequency. Connect the feed point (2) of each radiator (1) and one end of the ground coplanar line (GCPW) (5, 8) with through holes, A plurality of short points 3 are formed on the radiator 1 at a distance apart from the feed point 2 at a length of λ / 4 of a negative resonance frequency, and are connected to the ground plate 9 of the lower surface of the radiator dielectric substrate 4 through a hole. and, The signal coming from the port 12 is distributed using the ground coplanar lines (GCPW) 5 and 8, and one end of the distributed ground coplanar lines (GCPW) is fed to the feed point 2 of the radiator 1. Microstrip patch antenna, characterized in that for processing through and through-hole connection. The method of claim 1, The short point 3, which forms the negative resonance point, is processed through a hole at a position maintaining a distance from the feed point 2 at a length of λ / 4 of the negative resonance frequency, so that the bottom surface of the radiator 1 and the dielectric substrate 4 for the radiator A microstrip patch antenna, characterized in that it shorts with the ground plate (9). The method of claim 2, The short point (3) forming the negative resonance point is formed of two or more through holes in the vicinity of the short point to extend the resonance band microstrip patch antenna. The method of claim 1, And a plurality of radiators (1) printed on the dielectric substrate (4) or formed by an etching technique in one, two, four, eight or sixteen or more. The method of claim 1, Distributing the signal coming from the port 12 to feed the plurality of radiators 1 is characterized by feeding using a H-shaped ground coplanar line (GCPW) distributor or an I-shaped ground coplanar line (GCPW) splitter. Microstrip patch antenna. The method of claim 1, When distributing the signal coming from the port 12 to feed the plurality of radiators 1, the center line of the ground coplanar lines (GCPW) (5, 8) is formed to divide Wilkin's divide (8-1), And micro-dividing each of the signals of the center line of the two-divided ground coplaner lines (GCPW) 5 and 8 by dividing each of the signals by using Wilkins devices 8-2 and 8-3 again. Strip patch antenna. The method of claim 1, Through hole 11 is processed in the ground plate 6 around the ground coplaner line (GCPW) (5, 8) at regular intervals to short the ground plate (9) on the bottom surface of the radiator dielectric substrate (4). A microstrip patch antenna characterized by the above.

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