KR100908228B1 - Spacer with vibration damping mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a spacer that can reduce the amount of use and weight of concrete according to the thickness of the slab while blocking the transmission of noise and vibration between the upper and lower layers through the slab.

To this end, the present invention is a spacer provided with a hollow plastic body installed in the slab of the building, the plastic body of the spacer to attenuate the vibration by moving up and down in the opposite direction to the vibration direction by the vibration applied to the slab A mass body installed to be accommodated in the inner space;

An elastic rod-shaped spring member having one end of the free end fixed to the mass body and the other end of the fixed end extending horizontally toward the center direction;

The spring member is fixed to the annular ring member accommodated in the groove formed in an annular shape along the rim of the upper and lower joining portions of the plastic body.

Description

Spacer with vibration reducing tool

1 is a view showing an embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention

Figure 2 is a view showing the cut-out portion of the in-phase spacer

3 is a view showing a vibration damping mechanism of the in-phase spacer

4 shows another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention.

5 is a view showing another embodiment of the vibration damping mechanism in the spacer of the in-phase embodiment;

6 is a cross-sectional front view of the in-phase embodiment

7 is a view showing another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention;

8 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a spacer of an in-phase embodiment is embedded in a slab;

Figure 9 is a view showing another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention, a front sectional view showing a state mounted on the bottom of the slab

10 shows another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention.

11 shows another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention.

12 is a view showing an embodiment of the appearance of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a state in which a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention is embedded in a slab for each appearance of a plastic body;

14 is a view showing the installation state in which the half of the body embedded in the slab and half exposed to the appearance of the plastic body so that the spacer having the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention can be decomposed.

FIG. 15 is a view illustrating a state in which a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention is installed on a slab bottom surface by using magnets according to the appearance of the plastic body; FIG.

16 to 19 is a view for explaining the operating principle that the vibration damping mechanism of the present invention attenuates the vibration when the building slab is vibrated up and down under the impact force

20 to 22 is a prior art

※ Brief description of the main parts of the drawings

1,11,21,41,61,81,91,122,222: spacer

2,12,22,42,62,92: Plastic body

3,13,23,43: space

4,14,28,48,68,88: Vibration dampening mechanism

5,15,25,45,85: mass

6,16,26,46,66,86: spring member

7: joining surface 8,82: annular ring member

9: groove 10: incision groove

27,47,67: support rod 29: slab

30: fixed body 31: anti-rotation piece

32,70 Nut 50 Permanent magnet

51 bolt 52 iron plate

69: space 71: support leg

83: reinforcement rib 93: protrusion

95: air distribution hole 96: screw

The present invention relates to a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism capable of reducing the amount of concrete used and the transmission of inter-layer noise vibrations of a slab constructed between floors of a building.

Concrete is used for the construction of slabs between floors of a multi-storey building, but concrete has a very high compressive strength but a small tensile strength and a small bending strength. Normally, as shown in FIG. 20, the reinforcing bars 101 are installed to be embedded, and when the concrete is poured to form the slab 29, the reinforcing bars 101 are embedded in the slab 29 to bend and It increases tensile strength and prevents cracking of concrete.

On the other hand, the slab 29 is placed between the layers to form a floor of the upper layer, but at the same time to form a ceiling in the lower layer, the vibration and noise generated in the upper layer is transmitted to the lower floor through the slab, noise ( Lightweight and heavy impact sound) is a major concern for apartment houses.In particular, semiconductor factories, etc. are applied with ultra-precision processing, so even minute vibrations can greatly increase the defect rate of semiconductors. It is very important to suppress the generation of vibration on the floor of the building supporting the floor.

This problem of interlayer noise has been solved by increasing the thickness of the slab in the related art. However, increasing the thickness of the slab increases the amount of concrete used and increases the height of the building, greatly increasing the cost of building construction, increasing the load of the building, and vibrations such as earthquakes. It is not a good solution because it causes various problems such as exposing the vulnerabilities.

For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the spherical spacer 103 is installed to be embedded in the concrete slab 29 so as to be supported by the truss structure 102 made of iron wire, thereby occupying the volume of the spacer 103. The construction method is reduced by reducing the amount of concrete as much as possible, and the weight of the building to reduce the weight of the building to be resistant to vibrations such as earthquakes and to block the occurrence of cracks and the propagation of cracks, the spacer 103 is Injection molding of plastic, after the two hemispherical bodies are manufactured separately and welded to each other to form a hollow sphere, it is to reduce the amount of concrete placement by the volume when installed so as to be embedded in the slab (29).

However, in order to further reduce the amount of concrete used, the diameter of the spacer 103 must be increased. As the diameter of the sphere becomes larger, the thickness t of the slab 29 becomes larger, and accordingly, the floor height of the building increases, thereby increasing the amount of concrete used. There was a problem with the side effects of offsetting the reducing effect. In addition, although the spacer 103 itself has a slight noise blocking effect, it is pointed out that the problem of being vulnerable to vibration because the thickness of the concrete placed above and below is thin.

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above point, and its purpose is to block noise and vibration from being transmitted between the upper and lower layers through the slab, and to reduce the amount of concrete used and weight according to the thickness of the slab. To provide a spacer.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spacer having a hollow plastic body installed in the slab of the building,

A mass body installed to be accommodated in a space in the plastic body of the spacer to attenuate the vibration by moving up and down in a direction opposite to the vibration by the vibration applied to the slab;

The other end of which one end is fixed by the plastic body side and forms a free end is extended to protrude horizontally in the space so that the mass is fixed to the free end, and the bending motion is repeated up and down during vertical vibration of the mass. To be configured to include an elastic rod-like spring member;
One end of the spring member is fixed to the annular ring member accommodated in the groove formed in an annular shape along the rim of the upper and lower joining portions of the plastic body.

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Moreover, according to this invention, the said mass body and the said spring member are two or more characterized by the above-mentioned.

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In addition, according to the present invention, the upper and lower bodies of the plastic body are characterized by forming a body made of adhesive or heat fusion or screws.

In addition, according to the present invention, the plastic body is characterized in that it is provided with a vent hole for communicating the inside and outside.

In addition, according to the present invention is characterized in that the plastic body of the spacer is any one selected from spherical shape, jar shape, checkerboard shape, long bar shape and rugby ball shape.

In addition, according to the present invention, a plurality of protrusions protrude from the outer surface of the plastic body.

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Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the spacer according to the present invention, the spacer of the present invention is indicated by the reference numeral 1, the spacer is a hollow plastic body (2) forming an outer shell, and the plastic body And a vibration damping mechanism 4 provided in the empty space 3 in the space 2.

The plastic body 2 of the spacer 1 is made of a spherical shape, or a jar shape, a flat checkerboard shape or a rugby ball shape, which are flat and convex in the vertical direction, and is divided into half and vertically for this purpose. After manufacturing the upper and lower parts of the body are formed by bonding or screwing together.

The vibration damping mechanism 4 installed in the empty space 3 of the plastic body 2 is formed of a ball of metal or plastic material and vibrates up and down in a direction to cancel the vibration received by the concrete slab 29 ( 5) and an elastic rod-shaped spring member 6 supporting the mass 5 thereof, the elastic rod-like spring member 6 having one end thereof fixed by the plastic body 2 and having a free end. The mass 5 is fixed to the other end to be formed, but is protruded in a horizontal state to extend in a shape like a cantilever, and its free end is bent up and down in conjunction with the vertical movement of the mass 5. This is designed to be possible.

The spring member 6 is an elastic rod member which is installed to be fixed by the upper and lower bonding surfaces 7 of the plastic body 2 or when the mass body 5 and the spring member 6 are provided in plural. It can be installed to be fixed by the annular ring member (8) accommodated in the groove (9) formed on the upper and lower joining surface (2), in which case the spring member (6) through the incision groove (10) space (3) It will protrude to the central part of.

4 to 6 show another embodiment of the spacer having the vibration damping mechanism of the present invention, wherein the spacer 11 according to the embodiment has a plastic body 12 and a space 13 in the plastic body 12. It consists of a vibration damping mechanism (14) installed in the).

The vibration damping mechanism 14 includes a tension coil spring member 16 whose horizontal end is fixed by the plastic body 12 horizontally across the space 13, and the tension coil spring member 16. On the other end of the), a mass body 15 made of a metal ball or a plastic ball is connected, and the mass body 15 is supported by the spring member 16 in the form of floating in the space 13.

In addition, the spring member 16 may be formed such that two are formed in a straight line as well as a four shape intersecting each other. In the case of a + shape, the mass body 15 is located at the intersection of the + shape. The mass 15 has a shape in which the springs 16 are pulled from all directions, and as shown in FIG. 5, the three springs 16 pull the mass 15 to form a 120 ° equivalence. Can be. And the end of the spring member 16 is to be fixed by the annular ring member 18 accommodated in the groove 19 as in the previous embodiment.

Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of embedding the spacer of the in-phase embodiment in a concrete slab, spacer 21 is a plastic body (22) In the inner space 23, there is provided a vibration damping mechanism 28 made of an elastic rod spring member 26, a mass body 25, and a support rod 27 that is vertically installed to support them.

The support rod 27 penetrates through the plastic body 22 on the upper side and is buried in the concrete slab 29, and its lower end extends so as to be located in the space 23, and thus from the fixed body 30 to the elastic rod. The spring 26 protrudes horizontally to form a square or 120 ° isometric, the mass body 25 is fixed to the free end of the end thereof by welding or screw connection, one on the top of the support rod 27 Above, preferably, the nut 32 provided with the plurality of anti-rotation pieces 31 is mounted, and even if the plastic body 22 melts due to a high temperature due to a fire, the support rod of the vibration damping mechanism 28 is provided. The upper end portion of 27 is fixed in the slab 29 so as not to affect the operation of the apparatus.

9 shows a case in which the spacer 41 is not embedded in the concrete slab 29, and is mounted by being exposed to the lower surface 29A of the slab 29, that is, the ceiling of the lower layer. In the space 43 in the plastic body 42 of the vibration damping mechanism 48 of the mass body 45, the elastic rod-like spring member 46 and the support rod 47 in the same manner as in the embodiment 7 The permanent magnet 50 is installed on the top of the support bar 47 of the vibration damping mechanism 48 by two nuts 49, and the slab is bolted by the bolt 51 through the permanent magnet 50. (29) The spacer 41 can be detachably attached to the iron plate 52 attached to the bottom face 29A.

FIG. 10 is a spacer 61 of another embodiment of the present invention, which has the same basic configuration as the embodiment of FIG. 7, with only the elastic bar spring member 66 of the vibration damping mechanism 68 divided into two parts. After passing the support bar 67 through the space 69 therebetween at least one point that is fastened by fixing the nuts 70, 70 on the upper and lower sides and supported by the lower plastic body 62, Preferably, it differs only in the point provided with the some support leg 71. FIG.

11 is a further embodiment of the spacer 81 of the present invention, the vibration damping mechanism 88 has an annular annular member 82 and a reinforcing rib 83 connecting the annular member 82 with a + character. It consists of an elastic rod-shaped spring member 86 protruding in all directions with a fixed point at the intersection of the reinforcing ribs 83 and a mass body 85 fixed to the end of the elastic rod-shaped spring member 86.

12 is an embodiment according to the outer appearance of the spacer 91 of the present invention, a plurality of protrusions 93 are projected on the outer surface of the plastic body 92 of the spacer 91, buried in the concrete slab 29 The position is firmly fixed without the concrete and glass, and the protrusions 93 serve as tentacles to attract the noise vibrations received by the slab 29 to the spacer 91.

On the other hand, the spacers (1, 11, 21, 41, 61, 81, 91) of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6 to the inner space 13 to communicate with the outside air flow hole ( 95, the air is freely introduced through the air distribution hole 95 when the mass 15 of the vibration damping mechanism 14 moves up and down, and bonds or heats the upper and lower portions of the plastic body 13. 6, the upper and lower bodies may be detachably fastened by screws 96 as shown in FIG. 6, and the assembly method by screws 96 does not bury the entire spacer 11 in concrete, but the half part is mounted on the ceiling. It is easy to disassemble the plastic body when the vibration damping mechanism 14 breaks down or when the vibration damping frequency is changed to adjust the vibration damping frequency.

FIG. 13 is a view illustrating the installation of various shapes of spacers 22, 122, 222, and 322 having vibration damping mechanisms 28 or 4, 14, 68, and 88 in the concrete slab 29, in particular, spacers 122 and 222 having flat upper and lower sides. It is possible to reduce the amount of concrete while keeping the layer thickness of the slab 29 lower than the spherical spacer 22.

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의 식의 관계를 가지고 있다.
먼저 진동수(f)는 실제 건물의 바닥면에 사람이 생활하면서 발생되는 현장 계측값으로 설정하게 되는데, 설계 단계에서는 비슷한 조건의 기존 건물에서 진동계측 장비를 이용하여 진동수(f)를 계측한 결과를 계산치에 사용하게 되며, 또는 판상형 아파트의 경우 거실에 2~3인이 생활하면서 발생하는 진동 주파수로서, 통상 f=1.8~2.0Hz 정도의 진동이 검출되고 있는 점을 고려하여 그 수치 범위내에서 목표 진동수(가장 많이 발생하는 진동 주파수로서 감쇄의 타킷)를 설정해도 무리가 없다.
그리고 질량체(m)의 질량 값을 설정하게 되는데, 이는 스페이서의 크기 등 및 슬래브의 총 중량을 고려하여 임의로 정하게 되며, 본 발명자는 슬래브 총 중량에 대하여 질량체(m)의 값을 0.1~0.3%로 설정하였다.
1) 설계조건
설치장소 : 거실 슬래브
거실의 크기 : 4,000mm×5,000mm
슬래브 두께 : 270mm
스페이서를 제외시킨 상태의 슬래브의 상당 두께 : 210mm
콘크리트 비중 : 2,400kg/㎥
2) 질량체의 설정
질량체는 설계자가 임의의 값을 지정할 수 있으나 슬래브의 총중량에 연동시켜 0.1% 값을 질량체의 값으로 계산하였다.
질량(M)= 2400×5m×4m×0.21m×0.1/100
= 10.08㎏≒10㎏
거실의 중앙 부위의 슬래브 속에 매설된 10개의 스페이서에 진동 감쇄 장치를 설치하는 것으로 하면,
1개당 질량(m)= 10/10= 1㎏
3) 인장 스프링의 강성(k) 계산
목표진동수(f)=1.8Hz이고,
질량(m)= 1㎏이므로,
k=m(2πf)² 식으로 부터
k=1×(2π×1.8)²
≒128이 되며,
질량체(m)를 4개의 인장스프링이 지지하는 경우(도 4 참조) 1개의 인장스프링의 강성(Ks)
Ks=128/4=32 가 된다.FIG. 14 is a view illustrating a state in which a half of the plastic body is exposed to the outside of the slab 29 so that the vibration damping mechanism 28 or 4, 14, 68, 88 installed in the spacers 122, 222, and 22 can be repaired. FIG. 15 shows the shape of the spacers 122, 222, and 22 without mounting the spacers 122, 222, and 22 in the slab 29. The spacers 122, 222, and 22 are mounted on the bottom surface 29A of the slab 29 through the permanent magnet 50. As shown in the shape of the), in this case, it is possible to simply block the spacers 122, 222, 22 by using the magnet 50 to the ceiling of the building of the already completed state to block the noise vibration.
The method for obtaining the frequency f, the mass value m of the mass and the spring stiffness k will be described below.
(Example)
Mass (m), spring stiffness (k) and frequency (f) are well known in physics.

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It has a conscious relationship.
First, the frequency (f) is set to the field measurement value generated by people living on the floor of the actual building.In the design stage, the result of measuring the frequency (f) using the vibration measuring equipment in the existing building under similar conditions is measured. It is a vibration frequency that occurs when two or three people live in the living room in the case of a flat-type apartment, and the target is within the numerical range considering the vibration of about f = 1.8 ~ 2.0Hz. Setting the frequency (target of attenuation as the most frequently generated vibration frequency) is easy.
And the mass value of the mass (m) is set, which is determined arbitrarily in consideration of the size of the spacer and the total weight of the slab, the inventors set the value of the mass (m) to 0.1 ~ 0.3% with respect to the total weight of the slab Set.
1) Design condition
Location: Living Room Slab
Size of living room: 4,000mm × 5,000mm
Slab Thickness: 270mm
Equivalent thickness of slab without spacers: 210mm
Concrete specific gravity: 2,400kg / ㎥
2) setting of mass
The mass can be specified by the designer, but the value of 0.1% is calculated as the mass in conjunction with the total weight of the slab.
Mass (M) = 2400 × 5m × 4m × 0.21m × 0.1 / 100
= 10.08㎏ ≒ 10㎏
If the vibration damping device is installed in ten spacers embedded in the slab of the central part of the living room,
Mass per piece (m) = 10/10 = 1 kg
3) Calculation of the stiffness (k) of the tension spring
Target frequency (f) = 1.8Hz,
Since mass (m) = 1 kg,
k = m (2πf) ^{2 From the} equation
k = 1 × (2π × 1.8) ²
≒ 128,
When four tension springs support the mass body (m) (see Fig. 4), the stiffness (Ks) of one tension spring
Ks = 128/4 = 32.

Thus, when using 4 tension springs with a spring stiffness (Ks) of 32 to support 1 kg of mass (m), a vibration frequency of 1.8 Hz (field measurement value, or most commonly observed vibration estimate) is obtained. It can be attenuated efficiently.
Such spacers of the present invention are buried in concrete when the slab 29 is constructed, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, or half of the body and half are exposed, or the bottom surface (ceiling side) of the already completed slab 29. When the building is completed and the vibration is applied to the slab 29 during use, the vibration of the vibration damping mechanism of the spacer to attenuate the transmission to the lower layer in the middle when the operation principle is described as follows.

As shown in FIG. 16, when the impact force F is applied to the slab 29, the slab 29 is bent downward as shown in a small dotted line, but the vibration that springs back to the upper side by the reaction force is repeated. (1,11,21…) will also vibrate.

At this time, with respect to the first vibration that appears to be bent downward, the masses 25, 5, 15, 45, ... provided in the spring members 26, 6, 16, 46, ... are shown in the opposite direction, that is, the upper part, as shown in FIG. As the springs bounce to the side, the vibrations are canceled and attenuated by the different directions of the vibrations.

Next, when the slab 29 is bent upward by the reaction force f as shown in FIG. 18, the masses 25, 5, 15, 45... Are reversed as shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 19. By vibrating falling to the lower side in the direction, the vibration is attenuated.

Here, the weights of the masses 25, 5, 15, 45... And the elastic modulus of the spring members 26, 6, 16, 46... Are set in consideration of vibration due to the impact force applied to the slab 29.

The spacers (1, 11, 21, ...) of the present invention can be installed not only completely embedded in concrete, but also half-embedded and half-exposed so that they can be disassembled, and the magnet 50 without being embedded in concrete. By attaching to the steel 52 in the ceiling space through the vibration can be attenuated action.

And when the shape of the spacer (1, 11, 21 ...) of the present invention is produced in the shape of a perfect sphere, the production cost is the lowest, while reducing the amount of concrete, while the diameter of the sphere increases the height of the slab is accompanied by itself Therefore, when the volume of the sphere is more than a certain volume, the total volume is the same as the sphere, but when the plastic body is formed so that the flat body has a shape of a checkerboard shape having a larger shape than the sphere, or a jar shape, a pole shape, or a rugby ball shape, It is desirable to reduce the height of the concrete, and to significantly reduce the amount of concrete used, and to reduce the load and to secure a space for wide use of the column spacing.

In the present invention as described above, a spacer having a hollow plastic body attenuates vibration noise due to light weight and heavy impact force applied to a building slab, and the mass body of the vibration damping mechanism installed therein is opposite to the direction in which vibration occurs. By canceling the vibration caused by the vertical movement, the vibration noise of the upper side can be efficiently prevented from being transmitted to the lower floor, and the concrete usage can be greatly reduced in the slab casting, and the installation interval of the pillar supporting the building load is also wide. It is possible to maintain the structure, and to provide a more safe structure against earthquakes, and especially when applied to a semiconductor factory dealing with ultra-precision, it is expected to greatly reduce the product defect rate.

Claims (15)

A spacer having a hollow plastic body installed in a slab of a building, A mass body installed to be accommodated in a space in the plastic body of the spacer to attenuate the vibration by moving up and down in a direction opposite to the vibration by the vibration applied to the slab; The other end of which one end is fixed by the plastic body side and forms a free end is extended to protrude horizontally in the space so that the mass is fixed to the free end, and the bending motion is repeated up and down during vertical vibration of the mass. To be configured to include an elastic rod-like spring member; The spring member is a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism, characterized in that it is fixed to the annular ring member accommodated in the groove formed in the annular shape along the rim of the upper and lower joining portions of the plastic body. delete delete delete delete The method of claim 1, And a plurality of said mass bodies and said spring member. delete The method according to claim 1 or 6, Spacer having a vibration damping mechanism characterized in that the upper and lower body of the plastic body constitutes a body made of adhesive or heat fusion or screw. The method of claim 8, And a vent hole for communicating with the inside and the outside of the plastic body. The method of claim 8, The plastic body of the spacer is a spacer having a vibration damping mechanism, characterized in that any one selected from spherical shape, jar shape, checkerboard shape, long pole shape and rugby ball shape. The method of claim 10, Spacer having a vibration damping mechanism, characterized in that a plurality of projections protruding from the outer surface of the plastic body. The method of claim 8, The plastic body has a vibration damping mechanism, characterized in that the magnet is provided to be attached to the magnetic material is installed on the bottom of the slab. delete delete delete

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