KR100904666B1 - Solar power generator using thermoelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar power generating apparatus using thermoelectric elements is provided to maximize generator function by adding light concentration and forcible cooling function to produce high temperature difference at the both substrates of the thermoelectric element. A solar power generating apparatus using thermoelectric elements comprises: a reflecting mirror(10) reflecting sunlight to the front focus; a thermoelectric element assembly(100) including a thermoelectric element(110) which directly receives sunlight through the front side and a cooling part(120) adhering closely to the rear side of the thermoelectric element, and cooling the rear side of the thermoelectric element; and a wire(50) supporting the thermoelectric element assembly near the focal point of the reflecting mirror. The thermoelectric element assembly generates electromotive force through temperature difference between the front side and the rear side and produces electrical energy.

Description

Photovoltaic device using thermoelectric device {SOLAR POWER GENERATOR USING THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR}

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric device, and more specifically, using a thermoelectric device as a configuration for generating power by collecting sunlight, to enhance the durability of the thermoelectric device to perform photovoltaic power generation at a higher temperature Photovoltaic power generation with the characteristics of adjusting the position of the thermoelectric element or enhancing the transmittance of solar light transmitted to the thermoelectric element by using a beam splitter to enhance the power generation efficiency and prevent the problem of deterioration of the thermoelectric element at an excessively high temperature. It is to provide a device.

The photovoltaic device is a device for generating thermal energy or battery energy using sunlight, and has been studied in various ways as an alternative energy development field in the future due to the advantages of nature-friendly and infinitely supply of sunlight.

Conventional photovoltaic devices are mostly used to perform solar power generation using solar cells or to generate high-temperature steam using solar light collected through a reflector and to generate steam turbine power using the same.

However, the power generation method using solar cells has low power generation efficiency compared to the price, and the steam turbine method has a problem of complicated system and power generation structure.

One alternative technology that can solve this problem is a photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element.

The thermoelectric element generates a thermoelectric phenomenon through the Seebeck effect, the Peltier effect, and the Thompson effect by the temperature difference between the substrate heated by sunlight and the substrate cooled by the cooling unit. This means creating thermal power.

As a prior art for photovoltaic power generation using such a thermoelectric device, Korean Patent Registration No. 868492, 'Solar power generation device with thermoelectric element', Korean Utility Model Registration No. 223071, 'Heating and heating using solar cell and thermoelectric cold and hot element Device ', Korean Utility Model Registration No. 259618,' Solar Heating Device '.

Looking at these technologies, as mentioned above, the combination of the thermoelectric element and the solar cell, as mentioned above, the solar cell has a low power generation efficiency compared to the price, there is a question whether it is possible to increase the power generation efficiency when combined with the thermoelectric element. It is not just to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic generation itself, but to the level that is being used for the conversion of solar cells to overheating or cooling.

For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 868492 describes that it is possible to prevent the deterioration problem of solar cells by distributing excess heat of solar cells through thermoelectric elements using the Peltier effect. It is not intended to be used for the purpose but merely to exhibit the heat dissipation effect.

When generating power using a thermoelectric element, it can be understood that the power is generated by using a temperature difference between a heated substrate surface and a cooled substrate surface.

In general, when the temperature difference between the heating plate and the cooling plate of the thermoelectric element is maintained at about 300 ° C., the generation capacity is generally about 14 watts when the size of the thermoelectric element is 50 mm * 50 mm. It is reported in Russia or Germany that products with more than watts have been developed.

However, if a heater is used for heating the heating plate to secure the temperature difference between the side plates of the thermoelectric element, a very inefficient phenomenon occurs in which the heat capacity required for the heater is further increased.

Therefore, it is possible to present heat sources that do not cost to generate more meaningful and efficient power generation through thermoelectric elements, that is, waste heat recovery power generation, hot spring heat, geothermal heat, etc., in particular, heating plates using solar energy that is environmentally friendly and semi-permanent. It is necessary to ensure the high temperature of.

That is, in the case of the conventional thermoelectric element for power generation has a limit of power generation by using a relatively low temperature deviation of about 300 ℃, if the temperature deviation of about 500 to 800 ℃ can be obtained, this will increase the power generation efficiency compared to the unit area It means you can. However, in this case, when high temperature heat is applied to the heating substrate of the thermoelectric element, a problem occurs that the substrate or the thermoelectric element itself is deteriorated (damage due to high heat).

Such thermoelectric deterioration problems include a problem of lack of heat resistance due to soldering at the time of attachment between the substrate and the thermoelectric material, a heat resistance problem of the thermoelectric element itself, and an alternative that can prevent overheating of the thermoelectric element before the thermoelectric element deteriorates. It is true.

The present invention has been made in order to overcome the problems of the above technique, without using a low efficiency solar cell to collect sunlight directly through a reflector to apply it to a thermoelectric element on the opposite side of the thermoelectric element is applied It is a main object of the present invention to provide a photovoltaic device capable of performing high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation by a higher temperature difference by performing forced cooling through the cooling unit.

Another object of the present invention is to arrange the thermoelectric element in the rear of the reflector in order to prevent the inconvenience of placing the thermoelectric element in the focal position of the reflector, by providing a reflector of the first and second reflector and reflecting the sunlight to the rear of the reflector It is to apply the sunlight to the thermoelectric element smoothly.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a means for moving the position of the thermoelectric element in the focal position of the reflector to a position inside and outside the focus in order to prevent the deterioration problem of the thermoelectric element.

A further object of the present invention is to control the dispersion of the amount of sunlight applied to the thermoelectric element by using a beam splitter in order to prevent the deterioration problem of the thermoelectric element.

It is a further object of the present invention to treat the bonding element between the substrate and the thermoelectric material to contain a certain amount of silver in order to increase the heat resistance of the thermoelectric element itself so that it can withstand even higher temperatures.

It is a further object of the present invention to alternately stack several coating layers of different materials in order to provide excellent spectral characteristics of the beam splitter.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide three reflectors and to provide a plurality of sets of reflectors so that better condensing properties can be derived by arranging thermoelectric elements at a position where the sunlight collected from the plurality of reflectors is concentrated.

In order to achieve the above object, the first embodiment of the photovoltaic device using the thermoelectric element according to the present invention, the reflector for concentrating the sunlight to reflect the sunlight to the focus portion formed in the front portion of the reflector; It consists of a thermoelectric element receiving the sunlight reflected through the reflector, and a cooling unit configured to be in close contact with the thermoelectric element, to cool one surface of the thermoelectric element, to cool through one side of the thermoelectric element subjected to sunlight and the cooling unit Thermoelectric element assembly for generating electrical energy by electromotive force generated by the temperature difference of the other side of the thermoelectric element; A plurality of wires extending from the reflector to support the thermoelectric element assembly near a focal position of the reflector.

In addition, a second embodiment of the photovoltaic device using the thermoelectric element according to the present invention, the primary reflector and the primary reflector, the through-hole is formed in one portion to concentrate the sunlight to reflect the secondary reflector A light concentrating module including a secondary reflector positioned in front of the second reflector to reflect the sunlight transmitted through the primary reflector to the rear of the primary reflector through the through hole; A plurality of wires extending from the primary reflector to support the secondary reflector near a focal position of the primary reflector; Located at the rear of the primary reflector, the thermoelectric element receiving the sunlight reflected through the secondary reflector and the thermoelectric element is formed in close contact with the cooling unit for cooling one surface of the thermoelectric element, Characterized in that it comprises a; thermoelectric element assembly for generating electrical energy by electromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the one side of the received thermoelectric element and the other side of the thermoelectric element cooled through the cooling unit.

In addition, in the first embodiment, a screw thread is formed around the thermoelectric element assembly coupling side end of the wire, and has a ring shape to fix the thermoelectric element assembly to an inner hollow portion, and to protrude to an outer portion of the ring shape. Focusing position adjustment to adjust the height of the adjustment portion on the wire through the tightening and releasing of the adjustment nut fastened on the wire of the upper and lower portions of the control portion provided with a plurality of adjustment portions to be adjusted Further means is provided, characterized in that the thermoelectric element assembly coupled to the focal length adjusting means is movable up and down along the wire.

In addition, between the thermoelectric element assembly and the primary reflector, a beam splitter is mounted to adjust the amount of sunlight reaching the thermoelectric element assembly by distributing a predetermined amount of sunlight to the outside through the beam splitter. .

According to the solar cell apparatus using the thermoelectric device according to the present invention,

1) Maximize the power generation function through thermoelectric element by adding the light condensing and forced cooling function of the thermoelectric element using temperature difference to generate higher temperature difference on both substrates of thermoelectric element. Can,

2) By providing reflectors divided into 1st, 2nd or 3rd order, and arranging thermoelectric elements behind the 1st reflector, it is possible to pursue efficient arrangement of thermoelectric elements that is easy to install, repair and replace, and has excellent light collection efficiency. And

  3) The thermoelectric element or the secondary reflector mounted at the focus position of the reflector can be easily moved to a position other than the focus or the amount of light applied to the thermoelectric element can be adjusted through the beam splitter, thereby preventing the thermoelectric element from being damaged by overheating. Not only can you prevent them more effectively,

4) By increasing the heat resistance of the thermoelectric element itself to provide a structure that can be applied to a higher temperature of sunlight can increase the power generation efficiency,

5) Since the spectral characteristics of the beam splitter can be adjusted, the convenience of using a thermoelectric element can be maximized.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale, and like reference numerals in each of the drawings refer to like elements.

The photovoltaic device using the thermoelectric device according to the present invention is the front side (front portion where the sunlight is transmitted from the reflecting mirror position) to the rear portion of the reflector 10, that is, the opposite side of the surface to which the sunlight is transmitted among the reflecting mirror position, that is the rear According to the position of the thermoelectric element mounted on any one of the portions), the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described separately, and the second embodiment will be described as the third embodiment including an additional reflector.

In addition, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 according to the present invention is a cooling unit 120, 120 forcibly cooling the cooling substrate that plays a cooling role among the thermoelectric element 110 including the heating substrate, the cooling substrate and the thermoelectric material and the substrate of the thermoelectric element. '), It can be understood as a concept consisting of the output terminal 130, the tube 140.

Although not shown in the drawings, the apparatus according to the invention comprises a solar position tracking means so that the reflector 10 can be exactly vertical to obtain high heat through sunlight applied to the thermoelectric assembly 100. According to the position of the reflector 10 is possible to adjust the angle and rotate.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a thermoelectric element assembly according to the present invention is mounted on a front side of a dish type reflector, and FIG. 2 is a thermoelectric element assembly according to the present invention mounted on a front side of a PTC type reflector. It is a perspective view which shows the state.

1 is a first embodiment according to the present invention, it can be seen that the thermoelectric element assembly 100 shows a structure disposed on the front portion of the reflector 10.

That is, the reflector illustrated in FIG. 1 is a dish type, and the thermoelectric element assembly is disposed at a focal position of the reflector 10 (that is, a position where the sunlight applied to the curved surface of the reflector is concentrated and reflected to the front portion of the reflector). Mount the 100, but since the focus position of the reflector 10 is spaced apart from the curved surface of the reflector 10, the reflector 10 and the thermoelectric element assembly 100 through a fixing bracket extending from the surface portion of the reflector 10. ) Are interconnected and specifically the thermoelectric assembly 100 is fixedly supported on the reflector 10.

The reflector 10 is made of a dish type to collect and reflect sunlight to a point where the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is positioned (a portion around the focal position of the reflector) and thereby the solar light to the thermoelectric element 110. By providing a base to increase the temperature of the thermoelectric element 110 to provide a source capable of generating a higher thermal power in the field of power generation using the thermoelectric element.

It is preferable that the fixing bracket has a volume that does not cover the reflector 10 as much as possible so as not to significantly affect the solar light collecting function of the reflector 10 toward the thermoelectric element 110. To be manufactured is made of a wire 50 of a metal material that can ensure a solid fixed state of the thermoelectric assembly 100. In other words, the wire 50 having a meaning as a preferred embodiment of the fixing bracket is not bent as much as possible by external force (wind pressure, etc.) or is sufficient to support the load of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 to be described later. Composed of a plurality of pieces to have a thickness to perform the same function as a so-called prop.

The wire 50 is provided in plural, each wire 50 one side is fixed to the surface of the reflector 10 and the other side is fixed along the circumference of the thermoelectric element assembly 100, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 ) Is supported by the reflector 10 safely and firmly.

The thermoelement assembly 100 forcibly cools the outer surface of the thermoelectric element 110 including the heating substrate, the cooling substrate, and the thermoelectric material that generate the thermoelectric power by the temperature difference, and the cooling substrate outer surface of the thermoelectric element 110. It is configured to include a cooling unit 120 in close contact with the cooling substrate of the thermoelectric element 110 to maximize the temperature difference between the two side substrates constituting the thermoelectric element 110.

The thermoelectric element 110 may use any one of known thermoelectric materials, for example, a thermoelectric material using a Seeback effect or a Peltier element (thermoelectric material). It is also possible to use a thermoelectric material of the material.

More specifically, the heating substrate of the thermoelectric element 110 is directed toward the reflector 10 so as to preferentially receive the sunlight reflected from the reflector 10, and the cooling substrate, which is the opposite surface of the heating substrate, is provided on the cooling substrate ( 120 is formed in close contact to forcibly cool the cooling substrate to maximize the cooling effect.

In addition, the output terminal 130 for outputting the electromotive force generated in the thermoelectric element 110 to the outside is connected to the outside in the thermoelectric element 110, when the cooling unit 120 is water-cooled refrigerant is Tubes 140, which are input / output pipes, are respectively connected to the cooling unit 120 in two parts.

When the reflector has a dish shape as shown in FIG. 1, the size of the thermoelectric element may be implemented from 10 mm * 10 mm to 200 mm * 200 mm.

The configuration according to FIG. 1 is to install the thermoelectric element 110 in the reflector 10 in the most basic and simple manner to promote photovoltaic power generation, that is, the thermoelectric element 110 is directly converged to the reflector 10. Seek ways to apply sunlight. Thus, the first embodiment according to the present invention using the reflector in the shape of a plate has a characteristic that the solar power generation can be facilitated more easily by the saving of installation cost and the intuitive application method.

FIG. 2 is a modified example of the first embodiment according to the present invention, and unlike FIG. 1, the reflector 10 'is implemented as a PTC (Parabolic Trough Collector) type.

In this case, along the longitudinal direction of the reflector 10 ', the thermoelectric element assembly 100' may take a structure in which a plurality of thermoelectric elements 110 are connected in a line. That is, a thermoelectric element housing having a partition wall is separately provided to accommodate the thermoelectric element 110 in a row so that the thermoelectric element 110 is inserted therein, and the cooling unit corresponds to the thermoelectric element 1: 1 in the rear surface thereof. It may be designed so that the refrigerant (or cooling air) of the cooling unit 120 affects the entire thermoelectric elements arranged in a row or arranged in a line.

Although the configuration according to FIG. 2 is lower in the heat collecting temperature in the thermoelectric element than the configuration according to FIG. 1, the power generation efficiency is lower. However, when combined with a solar position tracking means that is easy to manufacture and has a function to track the sun, Since the tracking only needs to be performed on one axis in the altitude direction, it can be manufactured at low cost.

In the configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is positioned in front of the reflector 10, the solar element facing the reflector 10 may be blocked, thereby degrading the light collecting efficiency of the reflector 10. However, in order to minimize the problem, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is manufactured to a minimum size, and the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is sufficiently capable of receiving a light source collected from the reflector 10. Even a minimum size can guarantee a certain level of power generation efficiency, and preferably has a very small area corresponding to 2 to 10%, more preferably 2 to 5% based on the area of the reflector 10. To do that.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the thermoelectric element according to the present invention is disposed on the rear portion of the reflector.

FIG. 3 shows two reflectors (primary reflector, secondary reflector) as a second embodiment according to the present invention, and these two reflectors are called condensing modules, and a thermoelectric element is formed on the rear surface of the primary reflector 10. The assembly 100 is arranged so that the primary reflecting mirror 10 may be manufactured in any of a dish shape and a PTC shape in the same configuration as in the first embodiment. In FIG. 3, the primary reflector 10 is illustrated in a dish shape, and will be mainly described based on the reflector having such a dish shape.

Although the primary reflector 10 in FIG. 3 has the same function as that of the reflector 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2, no separate explanation is required, but the secondary reflector 20 is the primary reflector 10. Mounted in the focal position of the light reflected from the primary reflector 10 again through the through hole 15 formed on one side of the primary reflector 10 back to the rear (rear) of the primary reflector 10 It performs the function of reflecting.

That is, the secondary reflector 20 is located in front of the primary reflector 10 (the focus position of the primary reflector), and receives the light source collected by the primary reflector 10 first, and then again the primary reflector. It is responsible for reflecting and transmitting the light source collected into the through hole 15 formed in the reflector 10.

Like the thermoelectric element assembly 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2, the secondary reflector 20 is also positioned at the front of the primary reflector 10 to minimize the problem that the light collecting function of the primary reflector 10 is reduced. It is made to be of the size and to be positioned as accurately as possible in the focal position of the primary reflector 10 as possible.

The thermoelectric element assembly 100 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and the secondary reflector 20 according to FIG. 3 may be precisely positioned at the focus position or the position adjustment may be made in detail to adjust the condensing state, which will be described later. It is possible to implement by the distance adjusting means 60.

The secondary reflector 20 may be fixed on the primary reflector 10 by a plurality of fixing brackets (wires) extending along the periphery of the primary reflector 10 or other appropriate fixing portion, and the wire 50 may be fixed. ) Has the same structure and function as the wire 50 described with reference to FIGS.

Although not shown in the drawing, when the primary reflector 10 is a PTC type, the secondary reflector 20 having a length corresponding to the length of the primary reflector 10 in front of the primary reflector 10 is 1. It is arranged as a combination of units to a plurality of units, also extends to the length to form a through-hole formed on one side of the primary reflector 10, arranged in a line as in FIG. 2 behind the primary reflector 10 The thermoelectric assembly 100 can be positioned.

4 is a perspective view exemplarily showing a type of cooling unit according to the present invention divided into air cooling and water cooling.

Cooling unit 120 attached to one side (cooling substrate side) of the thermoelectric element 110 to ensure the temperature difference in the thermoelectric element 110 to a higher numerical range in order to increase the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 ) Performs a cooling function of one side (cooling substrate) of the thermoelectric element 110, the cooling unit 120 according to the present invention may be any one of the water-cooled and air-cooled, conveniently and selectively.

4 (a) shows an example in which the cooling unit is water-cooled, and the cooling unit is formed of a cooling plate 120 through which the refrigerant can be circulated through the inner space of the refrigerant through the tube 140. It proposes a method of cooling the cooling plate 120 through the input and output.

4 (b) shows an example in which the cooling unit is air-cooled. The cooling unit includes a fan 120 'to cool one side of the thermoelectric element 110 by the rotation of the fan 120'. It suggests how to do it.

5a, b, c, d are exemplary views showing the structure of the focal length adjusting means according to the present invention.

When sunlight is concentrated in the thermoelectric element 110, the temperature of the thermoelectric element 110 becomes very high, rather, the thermoelectric element 110 may be destroyed (deteriorated) or its original function may be lost. Accordingly, as the temperature of the thermoelectric element 110 is increased more than necessary, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 (in the case of FIGS. 1 and 2) to the secondary reflector 20 (in the case of FIG. 3) may reflect the reflector (the primary reflector) ( It is necessary to adjust the position of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 so as to reduce the solar density by moving away from the forward focus position of 10).

To this end, the present invention provides a focal length adjusting means 60, the focal length adjusting means 60 is formed in a jig (jig) form of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 To be fixed.

Specifically, the focal length adjusting means 60 according to the present invention has a ring-shaped body and is configured to be bent upward along the circumference of the body to form a coupling jaw 62 formed to have a predetermined space at an upper portion of the body. Thus, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 is fitted to the hollow portion by the coupling jaw 62, and the outer side of the coupling jaw so that the fitted thermoelectric element assembly does not leak to the outside. A plurality of coupling holes may be provided to fasten the fastener 63 to tighten the thermoelectric element assembly 100. The outer side of the body may be radially formed as a number corresponding to the number of wires (preferably four). The adjustment part 61 which becomes this is comprised protrudingly outward.

The adjusting unit 61 is provided with a fastening hole for coupling the wire 50, so that the body and the wire 50 is coupled through the fastening hole. A thread 55 is provided on the side of the wire (coupling side end with the thermoelectric element assembly), and the focal length adjusting means 60 is connected to the wire 50 by screwing and releasing the screw with the tightening nut N, which will be described later. To be able to move up and down in a state coupled to.

The wires 50 are fastened to each of the adjusting parts 61, but the fastening holes of the adjusting parts 61 have a state in which the inner diameter of the fastening holes of the adjusting parts 61 is slightly larger or more precisely fitted than the diameter of the wires 50. In order to prevent the phenomenon that the wire 50 is jammed in the fastening hole of the adjusting unit 61, the movement of the wire 50 is prevented.

Tightening nuts (N) are provided above and below the fastening hole of the adjusting portion 61 coupled to the wire 50 to determine the point where the focal length adjusting means 60 will be located on the wire 50 and determine the determined point. The focal length adjusting means 60 by positioning the focal length adjusting means 60 and then tightening the tightening nut N mounted on the upper and lower portions of the adjusting part 61 in close contact with the focal length adjusting means 60 (specifically, the adjusting part). 60 does not flow in the wire 50 to have a tightly coupled state.

That is, the focal length adjusting means 60 is fastened to the wire 50 but can be moved up and down along the up and down length of the wire 50, thereby moving away from the inner focal position of the reflector 10 to the inside or the outside. Position of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 can be adjusted, thereby over-concentrating the solar light to the thermoelectric element 110, the thermoelectric element 110 is overheated more than necessary to cause the risk of damage When the pair of tightening nuts (N) tightened from the wire 50 is loosened, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 are moved to a position deviating from the focus position of the reflector (primary reflector) 10 to another position. By moving, the risk of deterioration of the thermoelectric element 110 can be reduced.

In particular, although not shown in the figure, it is possible to include an automatic length adjusting means for automatically adjusting the position of the thermoelectric element 110 by measuring the temperature of the thermoelectric element 110.

The automatic length adjusting means performs a function of automatically adjusting the length of the wire 50 and is composed of a temperature measuring sensor, a controller, and a length adjusting wire.

Specifically, the temperature measuring sensor is attached to the heating substrate side of the thermoelectric element 110 has a function of measuring the real-time temperature of the heating substrate side of the thermoelectric element 110, the control unit receives the temperature measured by the temperature measuring sensor When the thermoelectric element 110 is heated to a predetermined temperature or more, a driving signal for processing the length adjusting wire may be generated.

At this time, the wire 50 is made to be adjustable in length, as if it is a foldable antenna mounted on the outside of the vehicle, it is possible to extend and contract by a predetermined distance up and down by the command of the controller. In addition, the thermoelement assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 is configured to be integrally coupled to the end of the length control wire to move up and down by a certain distance with the elongation, contraction state of the length control wire.

Figure 6 is an exemplary view comparing the thermoelectric surface temperature control state according to the focal position of the secondary reflector to the thermoelectric element assembly according to the present invention.

6 shows a state in which the secondary reflector 20 is out of the focus position of the primary reflector 10 and is in the forward focus position by adjusting the mounting position of the secondary reflector based on the second embodiment according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, when the thermoelectric element is overheated or further fails to reach a predetermined temperature, the thermoelectric element in the secondary reflector 20 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the secondary reflector 20 inward or outward from the forward focus position. It is possible to control the surface temperature of the thermoelectric element 110 above a predetermined temperature (for example, about 250 ° C.) or less by adjusting the amount and density of the light source reflected toward the light source.

FIG. 7 illustrates a structure in which a beam splitter is additionally installed at a front position of the thermoelectric device in the second embodiment according to the present invention.

Using the beam splitter 200 shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to select various volumes of the thermoelectric element 110, and further control the degradation or breakage problem of the thermoelectric element 110.

The beam splitter 200 serves to transmit light in one direction and scatter it in another direction by a predetermined ratio, and the beam splitter 200 in front of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 as shown in FIG. 7. It is possible to disperse a certain amount of sunlight to the surroundings. That is, when the thermoelectric surface temperature rises higher than the critical temperature that the thermoelectric element 110 can withstand, the position of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 to the secondary reflector 20 is adjusted by the focal length adjusting means 60 described above. Although the method may be used, simultaneously or selectively, the beam splitter 200 may be used to spectroscopically treat the sunlight on the thermoelectric element 110 to a predetermined level to provide a characteristic of maintaining the thermoelectric surface temperature at a constant level. There is a number.

In particular, it is possible to use the thermoelectric element 110 having a larger area by adjusting the angle of the beam splitter 200 to adjust the spectral amount and at the same time widening the solar dispersion radius on the thermoelectric element 110. It is possible to provide an additional advantage that can be obtained more power generation through the same sunlight.

The beam splitter 200 according to the present invention can be set such that the transmittance of solar light to the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is about 40 to 60% (the reflectance is 60 to 40%), and the transmittance is set. In order to achieve this, two or more beam splitters 200 may be arranged in a row between the rear surface of the primary reflector 10 and the thermoelectric element assembly 100.

In addition, the thermoelectric element assembly 100 disposed around the beam splitter 200 does not necessarily need to be disposed (ie, two-dimensionally disposed) on the extension line of the primary reflector 10 and the beam splitter 200. It is also possible to be disposed three-dimensionally (ie, three-dimensional arrangement) around the beam splitter 200 according to the reflection position of the splitter 200.

In addition, the beam surface of the beam splitter in order to improve the spectral and reflection characteristic of the splitter 200 is provided with a plurality of thin film and a protective coating film made of SiO ₂ made of any one material of Hfo, ZrO _2, TiO ₂ and TaO ₂ alternately Lamination treatment is performed as the number of times.

Typically, the material of any one of Hfo, ZrO ₂ , TiO ₂ and TaO ₂ when coating for forming a reflective film on a beam splitter or a hot mirror or a cold mirror It is common to make a reflective surface by coating a thin film composed of 1/4 times the wavelength of the wavelength to be reflected. If a protective coating film made of transparent SiO ₂ is coated on it, the coating is protected and a specific wavelength range is applied. It can play a role of selective separation of sunlight according to.

More specifically, a protective coating film made of SiO ₂ on a thin film made of any one of Hfo, ZrO ₂ , TiO ₂ and TaO _{2 so} as to selectively disperse sunlight having a desired coating wavelength band in a beam splitter. When the coating is based on one composite coating layer, the composite coating layer is coated on the surface of the beam splitter 200 in dozens of layers (about 20 to 30 times).

As a result, the beam splitter 200 may also have an additional function of selectively spectroscopy of sunlight in a specific wavelength band.

In addition, the beam splitter 200 according to the present invention is capable of angle adjustment (that is, a state in which the beam splitter 200 can be narrowed and widened as shown in FIG. 7) to adjust the spectral degree (spectral amount) of sunlight. Of course.

The thermoelectric element 110 according to the present invention may increase the absorption of sunlight by coating a black paint on the surface in order to increase the endothermic efficiency, or black chromium (Cr) and TiNox on the surface of the thermoelectric element Do it.

In addition, in order to prevent the deterioration problem of the thermoelectric element 110, a method of using lead in the bonding process between the electrode substrate constituting the thermoelectric element 110 and the thermoelectric material (soldering—approximately 183 ° C. Rather than using a bonding material composed of 96.5% of tin (Sn) and 3.5% of silver (Ag) by weight, and soldering between the electrode substrate and the thermoelectric material.

Experimental results confirmed that the bonding material may have a heat resistance of about 220 ℃ bar, when bonding the detailed configuration (electrode substrate and thermoelectric material) of the thermoelectric element to use the bonding material as a soldering material Allows the thermoelectric element to have higher heat resistance characteristics.

8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure in which a third reflector is further included in a second embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 illustrates a structure in which a plurality of first to third reflectors are disposed. It is a conceptual diagram shown by way of example.

The tertiary reflector 30 is located behind the primary reflector 10. Specifically, the tertiary reflector 30 is reflected from the secondary reflector 20 to reflect the primary reflector through the through hole 11. 10) and reflects the light source to the rear of the back to finally concentrate on the thermoelectric element assembly 100.

Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the reflectors (primary and secondary reflectors) having a condensing function may be arranged in a plurality of specific arrangements, and thus the tertiary reflectors 30 may also be provided in plurality. Although the reflection angle of the thermoelectric element assembly 100 may have various different setting angles depending on the position and size of the thermoelectric element assembly 100, the light source reflected through the tertiary reflector 30 is more important than the size and position of the thermoelectric element assembly 100. It is made to face).

The tertiary reflector 30 is not necessarily useful only when a plurality of primary and secondary reflectors 10 and 20 are formed, and rereflection of sunlight is performed even when only the primary and secondary reflectors 10 and 20 are formed. This makes it possible to secure a wider space for installing the thermoelectric element assembly, thereby having sufficient utility.

It may be foreseen to have 4th and 5th reflectors to transmit the light source to another position in the tertiary reflector 30, but the reflectors may be 1 to 5 as described above in order to prevent the light collection efficiency from dropping due to frequent reflection. It would be more desirable to have only the third reflectors 10, 20, 30.

Referring to Figure 9, the first to third reflectors (10, 20, 30) according to the present invention can adjust the quantity and the arrangement (array) method as desired according to the conditions of the installation site and the requirements of the individual unit module I can see that there is. The quantity and arrangement method of the reflector may be made of a rectangular type such as 2 * 2, 3 * 3, 4 * 4, or other rectangular parallelepiped type such as 1 * 7.

Thus, in the third embodiment in which the tertiary reflector 30 is mounted, the sunlight reflected by the plurality of tertiary reflectors 30 converges to a specific position, and the thermoelectric element assembly 100 is naturally in the convergence region. The thermoelectric element 110 constituting the thermoelectric element assembly 100 may be located in various matrices so that the thermoelectric element 110 constituting the thermoelectric element assembly 100 may have a specific area. As a structure, it is possible that several units are arranged continuously.

That is, a plurality of thermoelectric element 110 units may be arranged to have a wider area, and in this case, the cooling unit 120 may not be attached to each thermoelectric element 110 formed of a unit unit, instead of a plurality of units. When the cooling unit 120 is attached to each sector by setting a certain area ratio to 'sector' based on the total area of the disposed thermoelectric element 110, the cooling effect is reduced while reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant and the number of parts required for installation. It is preferable to maintain.

For example, when the thermoelectric element 110 is set to 4 * 4 units, when the 2 * 2 matrix is set to 1 sector, 4 cooling units 120 having 2 * 2 unit sizes are provided. The cooling process may be performed while covering the cooling substrate portions of the entire thermoelectric element 110.

10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure of a thermoelectric element assembly for absorbing sunlight reflected from a tertiary reflector.

Referring to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the thermoelectric element assembly 100 has a three-dimensional structure having a hexahedron shape to absorb sunlight reflected in various directions through the tertiary reflector 30 having a plurality of surfaces. have. At this time, it is possible to attach the cooling unit 120 that can cover each surface of the thermoelectric element assembly 100, that is, each surface of the thermoelectric element 110, the cooling unit 120 is solar light thermoelectric element In order to be able to reach the central portion is further provided with a through hole solar transmission hole 121. That is, solar light passes through the solar light transmission hole 121 to transmit sunlight to the surface of the thermoelectric element 110, and the generation of thermoelectric power of thermoelectric irradiation may be increased by cooling of the cooling unit 120.

Like the second embodiment, the third embodiment according to the present invention may also include a focal length adjusting means, an air-cooled / water-cooled cooling unit, and the like.

As described so far, the configuration and operation of the photovoltaic device using the thermoelectric device according to the present invention have been represented in the above description and the drawings, but this is merely described by way of example, and the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the above description and the drawings. And, of course, various changes and modifications are possible within the scope without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a thermoelectric element assembly is mounted on a front portion of a dish type reflector as a first embodiment according to the present invention;

2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the thermoelectric element assembly is mounted on the front portion of the PTC type reflector as a modification of the first embodiment according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the thermoelectric element is disposed on the rear portion of the reflector as a second embodiment according to the present invention.

Figure 4a, b is a perspective view illustratively showing the type of cooling unit according to the present invention.

Figures 5a, b, c, d is an illustration showing a structure for the focal length adjusting means according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is an exemplary view comparing the thermoelectric surface temperature control state according to the focus position of the secondary reflector to the thermoelectric element assembly according to the present invention.

7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure in which a beam splitter is additionally installed at a front position of a thermoelectric device according to the present invention.

8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure in which a third reflector is further included in a second embodiment according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a conceptual view illustrating a structure in which a plurality of primary to tertiary reflectors are arranged in an exemplary manner.

10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure of a thermoelectric element assembly for absorbing sunlight reflected from a tertiary reflector.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: reflector (primary reflector) 100: thermoelectric assembly

15: through-hole 110: thermoelectric element

20: secondary reflector 120: cooling unit

50: wire 130: output terminal

55: thread 140: tube

60: focal length adjusting means N: tightening nut

61: adjuster 63: fastener

62: coupling jaw 30: tertiary reflector

Claims (15)

As a photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element, A reflector that collects sunlight and reflects sunlight to a focal region formed in front; It consists of a thermoelectric element directly irradiated to the front of the solar light collected through the reflector, and a cooling unit configured to be in close contact with the back of the thermoelectric element, to cool the back of the thermoelectric element, the front and the front of the thermoelectric element irradiated with sunlight A thermoelectric assembly that generates electric energy by generating electromotive force by a temperature difference of a rear surface of the thermoelectric element cooled by the cooling unit; And a wire extending from the reflecting mirror to a plurality of wires to support the thermoelectric element assembly near a focal position of the reflecting mirror. As a photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element, Condensing the sunlight and reflecting the sunlight to the focal region formed in front of the sun, the primary reflector having a hole formed in the center portion and the sun condensed by the primary reflector located in the front focal region of the primary reflector A condensing module including a secondary reflector configured to condense light secondly through the aperture to the rear of the primary reflector; A plurality of wires extending from the primary reflector to support the secondary reflector near a focal position of the primary reflector; Located in the rear of the primary reflector, a thermoelectric element directly receiving the sunlight reflected through the secondary reflector and a cooling unit configured to be in close contact with the back of the thermoelectric element to cool the back of the thermoelectric element, the solar light A thermoelectric device using a thermoelectric device comprising a; thermoelectric element assembly for generating electrical energy by electromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the front of the thermoelectric element received and the rear of the thermoelectric element cooled through the cooling unit; . As a photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element, It collects the sunlight and reflects the sunlight to the focal region formed in the front, and the primary reflector having a hole formed in the center portion, and located in the front focal region of the primary reflector and collected by the primary reflector A second reflector for condensing sunlight to the rear of the primary reflector through the aperture and a rear reflector for reflecting the sunlight condensed by the secondary reflector in a specific direction; A light condensing module including a tertiary reflector; A plurality of wires extending from the primary reflector to support the secondary reflector near a focal position of the primary reflector; The thermoelectric element directly irradiated with the sunlight reflected through the tertiary reflector and the rear surface of the thermoelectric element is formed in close contact with the cooling unit for cooling the rear surface of the thermoelectric element, the front and the cooling portion of the thermoelectric element received sunlight And a thermoelectric element assembly configured to generate electric energy by electromotive force generation due to a temperature difference of the rear surface of the thermoelectric element cooled through the photovoltaic device. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The cooling unit, And a coolant inlet and outlet tube, wherein the coolant is cooled in a water-cooled manner by circulation of the coolant through the coolant inlet and outlet tube. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The cooling unit, The solar power generation apparatus using a thermoelectric element, characterized in that the cooling is provided by an air cooling method by the rotation of the fan. The method of claim 1, And a focal length adjusting means which is supported by the wire in a state in which the thermoelectric element assembly is accommodated and is movable along a length direction of the wire to move the thermoelectric element assembly up and down the wire. Photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric device. The method of claim 6, A thread is formed around an end of the wire element assembly coupling side of the wire, The focal length adjusting means, The thermoelectric element assembly is fixedly coupled to an inner hollow portion by a ring shape, and includes a plurality of control portions protruding to an outer portion of the ring shape so as to fasten the wires to the control portion, and the upper and lower portions of the control portion on the wire. To adjust the height of the control portion on the wire by tightening and releasing the adjustment nut fastened to the, photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element. The method according to claim 2 or 3, And a focal length adjusting means which is supported by the wire in a state in which the secondary reflector is accommodated, and is movable along the longitudinal direction of the outer wire to move the secondary reflector up and down the wire. A photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element, characterized in that. The method of claim 8, A thread is formed around an end of a coupling side of the secondary reflector of the wire, The focal length adjusting means, It is formed in a ring shape and fixedly coupled to the secondary reflector to the inner hollow portion, and provided with a plurality of control portions protruding to the outer portion of the ring shape to fasten the wire to the control portion, the upper and lower portions of the control portion wire To adjust the height of the control portion on the wire by tightening and releasing the adjustment nut fastened to the, photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element. delete delete The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The thermoelectric element is made of a combination of the electrode substrate and the thermoelectric material, the electrode substrate and the thermoelectric material is soldered through a bonding material consisting of 96.5% tin (Sn) and 3.5% silver (Ag) based on the weight ratio. A photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element. The method of claim 3, wherein The condensing module has a plurality of matrix structures, characterized in that arranged in plurality in plurality, the solar cell apparatus using a thermoelectric element. The method of claim 13, The thermoelectric element assembly, Located on the solar light convergence path reflected by the tertiary reflector, and having a structure of any one of a matrix structure and a three-dimensional structure so as to absorb each of the sunlight reflected from the plurality of tertiary reflector A photovoltaic device using a thermoelectric element, characterized by being continuously arranged in pieces. delete

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