KR100891430B1 - Inverter for hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an inverter for a hybrid vehicle, comprising: a heat sink, a power semiconductor switch module mounted on an upper surface of the heat sink, the power semiconductor switch module having a plurality of input busbars and an output busbar, an input terminal block for insulating and supporting the input busbar, and the output A power unit having a plurality of current sensors inserted into the bus bars respectively; A printed circuit board unit disposed on the power unit to process internal signals; A plurality of power module connection terminals disposed on the printed circuit board and configured to supply power to the printed circuit board and to be energized in correspondence with the input bus bars, and a plurality of DC input terminals provided to conduct electricity with an external power source. A film capacitor module having; A cover which accommodates the printed circuit board unit and the film capacitor module so as to expose the DC input terminal and the output bus bar, is fastened to an upper surface of the heat sink, and has a through hole formed to connect the printed circuit board unit to an external device; By providing a film capacitor, the long life of the vehicle inverter can be provided, and the power semiconductor switch module and the capacitor are vertically stacked to reduce the size of the heat sink, thereby reducing the size and weight of the inverter.

Inverter, Power Semiconductor Switch Module, Film Capacitor

Description

Inverter for hybrid electric vehicle

The present invention relates to an inverter for a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly, a film capacitor is applied to secure a long life of a DC-LINK capacitor, to realize a small and light weight, and to easily assemble, thereby improving work productivity and providing high reliability. It relates to a vehicle inverter that can be.

The mainstream development of automobile engines is a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and a fuel cell electric vehicle in place of the current diesel or gasoline engine vehicle in view of limited oil resource exhaustion and eco-friendliness. Vehicles (hereinafter referred to as FCEVs) are expected to dominate.

HEV is a system that distributes and controls driving power optimally according to driving conditions and road conditions in order to achieve optimum fuel economy and harmful gas reduction. Here, the HEV inverter is a key device of the HEV necessary for the optimal driving of the motor. In consideration of the automobile environment, it is required to minimize the size and weight, and to have high reliability characteristics in terms of vibration and temperature resistance and long life.

The inverter according to the related art shown in FIG. 1 includes an inverter cover 11 provided to cover an exterior, a control unit 12 for controlling a power semiconductor switch, a control unit support 13 for supporting the control unit 12, and a control unit 12. And an input / output terminal block 16 for supplying control power and driving power to the driving unit 15, a heat sink 17 for heat dissipation of the power semiconductor switch, a DC link capacitor 18 for DC link voltage and current stabilization, and It consists of a power semiconductor switch module 19 for providing a suitable voltage / current to the motor.

Here, the inverter according to the related art has a structure in which the inverter cover 11 covers the entire inverter, and the power supply unit 14 for supplying control power and power to the control unit 12 and the driver 15 for controlling the semiconductor switch for power. Is connected via a bundle of signal cables and a connector for a printed circuit board (PCB). The driver 15 for driving the power semiconductor switch transmits a driving signal to the power semiconductor switch module 19 through a drive signal cable. The input / output terminal block 16 for connecting the inverter power input and the inverter output to the motor, the power semiconductor switch module 19 mounted on the power heat sink 17, and the DC link capacitor 8 for the DC link voltage and current stabilization are large currents. It is electrically connected to a power cable or bus-bar to provide a.

In addition, the control unit 12 is supported by the control unit support 13.

The inverter according to the prior art having the above configuration has a disadvantage in that the electrolytic capacitor generally used as a DC link capacitor having a large ripple current has a limitation in lifespan, and requires a separate control unit support 13. Connected to the control unit 12, the power supply unit and the drive unit, and the drive unit and the power semiconductor switch by a signal cable, etc., the wiring is complicated, so the vibration resistance is not good, the overall size is large, the weight is heavy, and the assembly is complicated. There is a fatal problem that the processing cost is increased.

An object of the present invention created to solve the above problems is to implement a small size and light weight, easy to assemble and improve the work productivity, as well as to provide a long life of the DC-LINK capacitor by applying a film capacitor. The present invention provides a hybrid vehicle inverter.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat sink, a power semiconductor switch module mounted on an upper surface of the heat sink and having a plurality of input busbars and an output busbar, an input terminal block for insulating and supporting the input busbar, and each of the output busbars. A power unit having a plurality of current sensors correspondingly inserted; A printed circuit board unit disposed on the power unit to process internal signals; A plurality of power module connection terminals disposed on the printed circuit board and configured to supply power to the printed circuit board and to be energized in correspondence with the input bus bars, and a plurality of DC input terminals provided to conduct electricity with an external power source. A film capacitor module having; A cover which accommodates the printed circuit board unit and the film capacitor module so as to expose the DC input terminal and the output bus bar, is fastened to an upper surface of the heat sink, and has a through hole formed to connect the printed circuit board unit to an external device; It can be achieved by a hybrid vehicle inverter including.

Preferably, the input bus bar and the output bus bar of the power semiconductor switch module of the present invention are disposed at positions facing each other.

Preferably, the printed circuit board portion of the present invention, a shielding substrate disposed on the power unit, a driving substrate on which a top surface of the shielding substrate is disposed and provided with a board-board connector, and a board-board connector of the driving substrate The shielding board, the driving board and the control power board are sequentially stacked and assembled, including a board-board connector and a control power board provided with an external signal connector connected to be energized.

More preferably, a plurality of fastening bosses are formed on the inner side of the cover of the present invention.

Preferably, the film capacitor of the present invention has a plurality of fastening holes are formed in the outer periphery, the fastening screw for fastening the fastening boss of the fastening holes and the cover, respectively aligned to fix the film capacitor to the cover. It includes more.

The present invention having the above-described configuration provides a long life of the vehicle inverter by using a film capacitor, and by minimizing the size of the heat sink by vertically stacking the power semiconductor switch module and the capacitor that were arranged on the same surface of the heat sink. Lightweight, ③ All control circuit parts inside are integrated into the printed circuit board part and placed on the upper part of the power semiconductor switch module capacitor, so there is no need for a separate control unit and vibration resistance is good. The structure is simply fastened to the upper surface of the assembly has the advantage of excellent productivity and productivity.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention with reference to the drawings in detail.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a hybrid vehicle inverter according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a front perspective view showing a hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a rear perspective view of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a hybrid according to the present invention 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a cover module and a power control module of a vehicle inverter, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a cover and a film capacitor module of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a power unit of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention. And an exploded perspective view showing a printed circuit board part, and FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a power part of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention.

2 to 7, the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention includes a cover 90, a film capacitor module 70, a printed circuit board unit 50, and a power unit 30.

Here, in the description of the drawings, the cover 90 and the film capacitor module 70 are referred to as a cover module, and the printed circuit board unit 50 and the power unit 30 are referred to as a power control module.

The cover 90 is preferably a product that can be mass-produced by an injection method using an insulating material such as a synthetic resin material, but is not limited thereto. The cover 90 has a hollow structure body 91 having an open lower surface. In addition, the opening 91 is formed in the body 91 such that the DC input terminal 72 and the input bus bar 73 of the film capacitor module 70 to be described later are easily connected to each other. The input boss portion 96 protrudes to receive the input terminal 72 and to be insulated from other portions. Here, the DC input terminal 72 is connected by a battery (not shown) of the vehicle and a power cable (not shown).

And each corner of the body 91 is formed with a fastening hole 93 for fastening by the heat sink 31 and the fastening screw 40 of the power unit 30, respectively, the three-phase power cable (not shown) ) Is provided with an output boss portion 94 for connection. In addition, a connection through part 95 is formed at a side of the body 91 to connect an external signal cable (not shown) with an external signal connector 51a provided in the printed circuit board part 50.

The body 91 of the cover 90 according to the present invention forms the input boss portion 96 and the output boss portion 94 at opposite ends thereof, so that the cables to be connected to each other are arranged in opposition to improve stability.

The film capacitor module 70 includes a film capacitor 71 having a constant thickness and a rectangular shape, a DC input terminal 72 and a power module electrically connected to the film capacitor 71 and protruding from the bottom surface thereof. The connection terminal 73 is included. In this case, the DC input terminal 72 protrudes from the film capacitor 71 as described above, but is spaced apart from the positive and negative poles, and the power module connection terminal 73 is disposed between the DC input terminals 72. It is.

In addition, the film capacitor 71 has a plurality of fastening bosses 74 formed on both sides thereof, and the fastening bosses 74 correspond to the fastening bosses (not shown) formed inside the cover 90, respectively. It is fastened and fixed by 77.

The film capacitor 71 of the present invention has a basic structure sandwiched between two electrodes by using a PET or PP plastic film as a dielectric, and has different electrical characteristics depending on the type of film used as the dielectric, and sizes according to the electrode structure. Is different.

This film capacitor 71 has the following characteristics.

① Small change in capacitance due to temperature change.

② It is possible to manufacture high precision within the capacitance tolerance.

③ Dielectric dissipation factor is small, so it can be used in high frequency circuit.

④ It is nonpolar and can be used in AC and DC circuits.

⑤ It has the characteristics of good insulation resistance, high reliability and long service life compared with the electrolytic capacitor according to the prior art.

In addition, the film capacitor 71 to be applied in the present invention has the advantage of reducing the weight of the entire inverter has a higher storage capacity per weight than the electrolytic capacitor applied in the prior art. In addition, the film capacitor 71 according to the present invention, unlike the electrolytic capacitor according to the prior art, is located at the upper portion of the printed circuit board 50 as shown in the drawing in a small size and light weight to reduce the size of the inverter according to the prior art. There is an advantage to this.

Here, reference numerals '75' and '76' denote ground lines and ground terminals, respectively.

The printed circuit board unit 50 includes a control power supply board 51, a driving board 53, and a shielding board 55. In this case, the printed circuit board 50 includes a shielding substrate 55, a driving substrate, and a control power supply substrate 51, and are coupled by fastening screws 51d. In addition, the printed circuit board unit 50 may further include a shielding plate at an upper portion of the printed circuit board 50, which is positioned above the control power supply board 51 so that the lower surface of the film capacitor module and the control power supply board 51 may be provided. In addition to preventing the upper part from being in direct contact, it may be provided to shield electromagnetic waves generated from the film capacitor module 70.

The control power supply board 51 has a pattern formed on one side or both sides, and has a board-board female connector 51b provided at the center portion and an external signal provided at the corner portion of the base board 51a. It is comprised including the connector 51a. Here, reference numerals '51c' and '60' are fastening holes and fastening screws, respectively.

The drive board 53 is provided with a board-board connector-female (53a) to which the board-board female connector 51b of the control power board 51 is coupled. The printed circuit board unit 50 includes a shielding substrate 55 as a method for shielding electromagnetic waves generated from the power unit 30.

Since the control power board 51 and the driving board 53 are connected to each other using the board-to-board connectors 51b and 53a, the control power board 51 and the driving board 53 are connected to each other. have. In addition, this connection method has the advantage of innovatively improving the durability of the inverter used under severe conditions such as low temperature or high temperature environment and extreme vibration, such as a vehicle.

The power unit 30 is located below the printed circuit board unit 50. First, the power unit 30 includes a heat sink 31 having a plurality of fins formed on the bottom surface of the plate, a power semiconductor switch module 32 provided on the top surface of the heat sink 31, and a power semiconductor switch module ( 32 is located on one side of the power semiconductor switch module 32 and a plurality of input bus bar 73 and a plurality of input terminal block 35 corresponding to each other, and is located on the other side of the power semiconductor switch module 32 The output bus bar 34 of the power semiconductor switch module 32 includes a plurality of current sensors 34 provided in correspondence with each other. Here, the input terminal block 35 is disposed on the upper surface of the power semiconductor switch module 32 to insulate and support the corresponding input bus bar 73, respectively.

Here, the heat sink 31 is provided to quickly dissipate high heat generated when the power semiconductor switch module 32 is operated, and an integrated mechanism fixing hole 31a for fastening the cover 90 is formed at each corner portion. have.

The power semiconductor switch module 32 is composed of two input busbars 73 and three output busbars, one for each phase, and the input busbar 73 and the output busbar 34 have power. The semiconductor switch module 32 is provided at positions facing each other. The input bus bar 73 of the present invention is fixed to the corresponding input terminal block 35, respectively, and the output bus bar 34 is fastened to the current sensor 34. Here, the current sensor 34 is inserted into the output bus bar 34, and the lower surface thereof contacts the upper surface of the heat sink 31 to support the output bus bar 34 as the input terminal block 35 described above.

The input bus bar 73 of the power semiconductor switch module 32 is fastened so as to be energized by the power module connection terminal 73 and the input terminal block 35 of the film capacitor 71 described above, respectively.

In the power unit 30 according to the present invention, the power semiconductor switch module 32 is mounted on an upper surface of the heat sink 31, and the input bus bar 73 and the output bus bar of the power semiconductor switch module 32 are opposed to each other. Since only the input terminal block 35 and the current sensor 34, each of which the 34 is corresponding to each other, are disposed and the film capacitor module is positioned above the intervening shielding substrate 55, the entirety of the inverter is compared with the conventional inverter. There is a small size advantage.

Although the present invention described above is limited to the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be easily modified by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that it belongs to the technical idea of the.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a hybrid vehicle inverter according to the prior art.

2 is a front perspective view showing an inverter for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention.

3 is a rear perspective view of FIG. 2.

4 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a cover module and a power control module of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention.

5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a cover and a film capacitor module of a hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention.

6 is an exploded perspective view showing a power unit and a printed circuit board of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention.

7 is an exploded perspective view showing a power unit of the hybrid vehicle inverter according to the present invention.

<< Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing >>

30: power unit

31: heat sink 31a: integrated mechanism fixing hole

32: power semiconductor switch module 33: input bus bar

34: output busbar 35: input terminal block

36: current sensor

40, 60: tightening screw

50: printed circuit board portion 51: control power board

70: film capacitor module

71: film capacitor 72: DC input terminal

73: power module connection terminal 74: fastening boss

90: cover

91: body 92: opening

93: fastener

Claims (5)

A power semiconductor switch module mounted on an upper surface of the heat sink and having a plurality of input busbars and output busbars, an input terminal block for insulating and supporting the input busbars, and a plurality of currents respectively inserted into the output busbars. A power unit having a sensor; A printed circuit board unit disposed on the power unit to process internal signals; A plurality of power module connection terminals disposed on the printed circuit board and configured to supply power to the printed circuit board and to be energized in correspondence with the input bus bars, and a plurality of DC input terminals provided to conduct electricity with an external power source. A film capacitor module having; A cover which accommodates the printed circuit board portion and the film capacitor module so as to expose the DC input terminal and the output bus bar and is fastened to the upper surface of the heat sink, and has a through hole connected to the printed circuit board portion and an external device; Including, The printed circuit board unit, A shielding board disposed above the power unit, a driving board disposed on an upper surface of the shielding board and provided with a board-to-board connector, a board-to-board connector and an external signal connected to be energized with the board-to-board connector of the driving board And a control power board provided with a connector, wherein the shielding board, the driving board, and the control power board are sequentially stacked and assembled. The method of claim 1, And the input bus bar and the output bus bar of the power semiconductor switch module are disposed at positions facing each other. The method of claim 1, The printed circuit board further includes a shielding plate on the upper side, And the shielding plate is positioned above the control power substrate to prevent the lower surface of the film capacitor module from directly contacting the upper portion of the control power substrate. The method of claim 1, A hybrid vehicle inverter, characterized in that a plurality of fastening boss is formed on the inner side of the cover. The method according to claim 1 or 4, The film capacitor has a plurality of fastening holes are formed in the outer periphery, characterized in that the film capacitor further comprises a fastening screw for fastening the fastening boss of the fastening hole and the cover, respectively aligned to be fixed to the cover. Hybrid vehicle inverters.

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