KR100884502B1 - Apparutus for treating waste water and method for controlling the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A sewage processing apparatus is provided to improve quality of neighboring river and prevent eutrophication of a water discharging area by maintaining an organic material, a suspended material, nitrogen, and phosphorus for controlling a sewage process. A sewage processing apparatus comprises the following units. A processing unit(200) is equipped with a bioreactor which includes an inlet, an outlet, and an air controlling valve. A reaction controlling unit confirms the extent of nitrification or denitrification and determines an operating mode by comparing measured ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentration to a correlation boundary line for a predetermined ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentration.

Description

Sewage treatment unit and its control method {APPARUTUS FOR TREATING WASTE WATER AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a sewage treatment apparatus and a control method thereof, and more particularly, a sewage treatment apparatus for controlling the reaction of nitrification or denitrification by detecting concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in a biological reaction tank for sewage treatment, and It relates to a control method.

In general, the advanced sewage treatment method divides anaerobic tank (process), anoxic tank (process), and aerobic tank (process).

Anaerobic tank (process) induces the release of phosphorus by using organic substances present in the sewage, and anaerobic tank (process) denitrification using organic substances present in the sewage from the nitrate nitrogen produced through nitrification in the aerobic tank (process) The aerobic tank (process) plays a role of removing organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus by oxidizing and nitrifying some of the organic substances removed from the anaerobic tank (process) and anoxic tank (process), and excessive ingestion of phosphorus.

Most of the existing methods apply the inflow of sewage into the anaerobic tank only. However, in this case, the organic nitrogen is insufficient in the anaerobic tank (process) as organic substances are mostly used for the denitrification and phosphorus release in the anaerobic tank (process), so the total nitrogen removal efficiency was low.

In order to solve this problem, split inflow into anaerobic tank and anaerobic tank has been developed. In case of split inflow into anaerobic tank (process) and anoxic tank (process), the denitrification rate is increased by using organic substances present in the sewage even in the anaerobic tank (process), compared to the method which flows into anaerobic tank (process) only. This was improved.

However, dividing the inlet (anaerobic: anoxic tank, 6: 4 or 5: 5, and so on) ratio is presented there is driving on the basis of experience and once a day the water quality analysis result of the analysis of most of the operators, PO ₄₃ from the anaerobic tank (process) ^- -P If the concentration of is low, it is judged that there is not enough carbon source for phosphorus release, and it increases the inflow into the anaerobic tank (process). If NO ₃ ^-- N is high in the anaerobic tank (process), it is determined that the carbon source is insufficient. To increase the flow rate into the process or reduce the internal transfer rate.

However, this is a result of using the previous data, which does not accurately reflect the current situation and does not significantly improve the processing performance.

In order to solve this problem, first of all, in order to accurately monitor the state in the bioreactor, each reactor (process) has ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N), phosphate phosphorus (PO) ₄₃ ^- shall establish a -P) control system installed to monitor the contaminant mass in the reactor in real time, the water meter.

However, in the general sewage advanced treatment method, each water quality measuring instrument should be installed for each process, which requires a huge initial investment and maintenance cost. Therefore, in order to effectively control the minimized water meter, it is necessary to simultaneously apply the temporal partitioning and the spatial partitioning method, rather than the spatial partitioning in the conventional reactor.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment apparatus and a control method for the sewage treatment to effectively monitor the nitrification process and denitrification process in the reaction tank in real time.

According to an aspect of the present invention to solve this problem, the water is introduced into the anaerobic tank state, anoxic state or aerobic state variable, and inlet, outlet and air volume control valve opening and closing to change the flow of the flow path The sewage treatment unit having a bioreactor, wherein the bioreactor is adjusted, determines the progress of nitrification or denitrification reaction in the bioreactor according to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the bioreactor. Provided is a sewage treatment apparatus including a reaction control unit for determining the reaction rate.

The reaction control unit, the measuring unit for measuring the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor, respectively, according to the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured through the measuring unit It may include an operation and logic control unit for performing the operation and logic for determining the operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the biological reactor.

The sewage treatment unit includes at least two bioreactors having flow paths connected to and connected to the inlet, outlet, and air volume control valves, respectively, and installed at a lower portion of each bioreactor, and the bioreactor is anaerobic. It may include a diffuser for selectively supplying air to vary in any of the state or aerobic state, and a level control device is installed in the discharge portion of the bioreactor and adjusts the opening and closing of the discharge portion to change the flow of the flow path.

Preferably, the sewage treatment device is to determine the validity of the measured component value for the specific component of the water of the biological reaction tank to set a target value, and generates a control signal proportional to the target value to control the sewage treatment unit A PID may further include a phased isolation ditch control unit.

The operating mode of the biological reactor may be a plurality of operating modes for selectively performing an anaerobic tank process, an anaerobic tank process, and an aerobic tank process in the biological reactor.

The biological reaction tank may be operated by being divided into a plurality of regions for selectively performing an anaerobic tank process, an anaerobic tank process, and an aerobic tank process.

The reaction controller may be configured to determine the measured concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen with a correlation boundary line between the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen, which are preset to determine the operation mode. The operation mode can be determined by comparison.

The correlation boundary line may be formed by plotting the boundary line based on the stored data on the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the biological reactor.

The reaction control unit may output a logical result value (0, 1) as a control signal by detecting a mutual position condition of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen using the correlation boundary and comparing logic method. have.

The reaction controller measures two signals of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank, and sets a correlation boundary with each signal based on previously acquired data. The operation mode may be determined by inputting a reference signal to a reference value, calculating a reference condition value, and generating logic by directly comparing the output condition value with another input signal to be compared.

The reaction controller measures two signals of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank, and sets a correlation boundary with each signal based on previously acquired data. The reference signal may be input to calculate a reference condition, and the operation mode may be determined by logically generating a final calculation result by performing arithmetic or special calculation with another input signal to be compared to the output condition value.

The reaction control unit measures two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank, and the 2 The operation mode may be determined by calculating a reference condition or a control value by inputting a signal calculated as a mutual ratio of two signals.

The reaction controller may adjust the volume ratio of aeration / aeration for performing nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the measured concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen.

The previously acquired data can be obtained by commissioning or running a lab reactor.

The reaction controller may perform at least one control selected from among position control, quantity control, flow rate control, and time control of the process system.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the control method of the sewage treatment apparatus having a biological reaction tank in which water is introduced into the anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state or an aerobic state, and the opening and closing of the discharge portion is adjusted to change the flow of the flow path. The sewage water may include a reaction control step of determining an operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification reaction in the biological reactor according to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the water of the biological reactor. A control method of a processing apparatus is provided.

The reaction control step, the measurement step of measuring the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor, respectively, and the concentration according to the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen An operation and logic control step of performing an operation and logic for determining the operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the biological reactor.

In the reaction control step, the measured boundary between the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen in advance to determine the operating mode The operation mode can be determined in comparison with.

The reaction control step may be performed by measuring two signals of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor, and the function of setting a reference line or a control line based on previously acquired data. The operation mode may be determined by inputting a signal calculated as a ratio of two signals to calculate a reference condition or a control value.

In the reaction control step, the volume ratio of aeration / aeration for performing nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor may be adjusted according to the measured concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen.

According to the present invention, the ripple effect of increasing the design technology of the sewage treatment plant is expected by providing quantitative design basic data based on the data acquired by real-time bioreactor control, and operating and managing the scientific and rational sewage treatment plant using the system. Improve your skills.

In addition, by laying the foundation for combining advanced information and communication technology and environmental technology, it is possible to promote technology development in the field of environmental informatization and expand its utilization, and as this control technology is incorporated into various domestic construction methods, automation facilities in sewage treatment plants. The ripple effect is expected to extend the scope of application and to improve the accuracy of on-line water meters.

In addition, it is possible to improve the water quality of the surrounding streams and prevent eutrophication of the discharged water by maintaining stable and high-efficiency organic and suspended substances, nitrogen and phosphorus treatment performance throughout the year.

  In addition, when the sewage treatment plant is managed using the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost of the sewage treatment plant and maintain stable discharge water quality throughout the year through quantitative and qualitative scientific analysis, management and control.

In addition, according to the present invention, stable discharge water quality is maintained throughout the year to improve the water quality of the discharge stream and decrease the frequency of side effects of the discharge area, thereby creating a hydrophilic environment, and thus, it is expected that the formation of a blue network is easy.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is developed to be suitable for the domestic situation as a pure domestic technology can replace the control algorithm accompanying the introduction of the existing foreign sewage altitude treatment method with the domestic technology, based on the long-term field application results of the sewage altitude treatment method If we secure excellence and database the know-how accumulated in the operation process, it will be possible to secure a competitive advantage over foreign technology in overseas markets such as Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and China. It is estimated.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the sewage treatment apparatus 100 includes a sewage treatment unit 200 and a reaction controller 300.

The sewage treatment unit 200 has a biological reaction tank in which water is introduced into the anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state, or an aerobic state, and the opening and closing of the discharge part is adjusted to change the flow of the flow path.

The reaction control unit 300 determines an operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification reaction in the biological reactor according to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor.

The reaction control unit 300 controls the reaction according to the nitrification process or the denitrification process by using the area detection by the correlation between the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen, or by using the reference function output by the ratio relationship. can do.

The reaction control unit 300 is configured to determine the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured through the sensors using the area detection by the correlation, the ammonia is set in advance to determine the operation mode The operating mode may be determined by comparing with a correlation boundary between the concentration of nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen.

The correlation boundary line may be formed by plotting the boundary line based on the stored data on the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the biological reactor.

The reaction control unit 300 uses the correlation boundary line as a control signal by detecting logic values (0, 1) as a control signal by detecting a mutual position condition of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen. You can print Depending on the logic value, it may be determined whether to proceed with the reaction process further or terminate.

The reaction control unit 300 measures two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank, and the correlation boundary line with each signal based on previously acquired data. The operation mode may be determined by inputting a reference signal to the set function, calculating a reference condition value, and generating logic by directly comparing the output condition value with another input signal to be compared.

In addition, the reaction control unit 300 measures two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank by using the correlation detection of the region. Based on the acquired data, the reference signal is input to the function where the correlation boundary with each signal is set, the reference condition value is calculated, and the final calculation result is made by performing arithmetic or special calculation with other input signals to be compared to the output condition value. May be generated as a logical value to determine the operation mode.

In addition, the reaction control unit 300 measures two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reaction tank by using the reference function output based on the ratio relationship. The operation mode may be determined by inputting a signal calculated as a mutual ratio of the two signals to a function in which a reference line or a control line is set based on previously acquired data to calculate a reference condition or control value.

In addition, the reaction control unit 300 may adjust the volume ratio of aeration / aeration in the biological reactor according to the measured concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration ratio of the nitrate nitrogen for each operation mode.

To this end, the reaction control unit 300 may include a measurement unit 310 for measuring the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reaction tank, respectively, and a calculation and logic control unit 320. Here, the measuring unit 310 may include a first measuring unit 311 and a second measuring unit 312 for measuring the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reaction tank.

The operation and logic control unit 320 determines an operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured by the measurement unit 310. Operations and logic processing to determine can be performed.

The sewage treatment apparatus 100 determines a validity value of a measured component value for a specific component of the water, sets a target value, generates a control signal proportional to the target value, and controls the PID for controlling the sewage treatment unit 200. phased isolation ditch) control unit 400.

The PID control unit 400 is provided with a measuring unit 410 is provided with at least one sensor for inspecting the characteristic components of the water, the measuring unit 410 is connected to the target value setting unit 420. The target value setting unit 420 sets a target value of an operating condition required for sewage treatment as the component value measured from the measurement unit 410 is input.

The PID control unit 400 may have a manual setting unit 430 which sets a target value according to a component value input by an operator in addition to a method of automatically operating by a setting value measured by the measuring unit 410. In addition, the PID control unit 400 is provided with a signal selection unit 450 for selectively connecting the target value setting unit 420 and the manual setting unit 430, the operator selects the automatic / manual mode to select this An automatic / manual mode selector 440 may be installed. In addition, the target value input from the signal selection unit 450 is transferred to the control unit 460 is converted into a control signal by proportional, integral or derivative. In addition, the control unit 460 is connected to the sewage treatment unit 200, and processes the sewage by operating the sewage treatment unit 200 in accordance with the converted control signal.

On the other hand, the PID control unit 400 compares the target value input from the signal selection unit 450 with the target value measured by the water passing through the sewage treatment unit 200 by comparing the target value input to the control unit 470. It may include a control correction unit for correcting. The control correction unit is expected by the final measurement unit 480, which is installed at the outlet side of the sewage treatment unit 200 and has a sensor for inspecting a specific component of the water, and the target value installed at the inlet side of the control unit 470. The comparator 460 may include a comparator 460 for comparing the specific component value with the specific component value inspected by the final measurement unit 480 and correcting the target value so that the expected specific component value converges to the inspected specific component value. .

2 is a perspective view schematically showing a biological reactor provided in the sewage treatment unit in the sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention 4 is a schematic view showing the sewage treatment unit, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the inside of a biological reaction tank of the sewage treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 to 4, the sewage treatment unit 200 is provided with two biological reactors (210, 220) (Bulk liquid), the two biological reactors (210, 220) are in communication with each other ( 216 and 226 are formed so that the sewage flows between them. In addition, each of the bioreactors 210 and 220 includes inlets 211, 212, 221, and 222 for inflow of sewage into the upper and lower ends, and the wastewater treated by the bioreactors 210 and 220 to be discharged. The outlets 214 and 224 are connected. To this end, the biological reaction tank (210, 220) is formed with an inlet or outlet for connecting to the inlet (211, 212, 221, 222) and the outlet (214, 224).

In addition, the inlets 211, 212, 221, 222 are connected to upper and lower ends of the bioreactors 210 and 220, respectively, and opening and closing means are provided at the outlets of the inlets 211, 212, 221 and 222, respectively. 270 is installed, and controls the open state of the discharge parts (214, 224) through the control of the opening and closing means (270).

The opening and closing means 270 is an electric sluice, connected to a cylinder 272 having a rod 274 movable up and down, and to a rod 274 of the cylinder 272, and having the inlets 211, 212, 221, A shield plate 276 that shields the outlet of 222.

In addition, the lower part of each biological reactor (210, 220) is provided with an diffuser 230 for supplying air. The diffuser 230 selectively supplies air to the bioreactors 210 and 220, whereby the bioreactors 210 and 220 may be changed to any one of anaerobic, anaerobic and aerobic states. Can be. In addition, the bioreactors 210 and 220 may coexist in an anaerobic state, anoxic state, and aerobic state by controlling the air injection position supplied from the diffuser 230.

In addition, the diffuser 230 may be provided in plurality, preferably installed to face the inlet (211, 212, 221, 222). Accordingly, the corresponding diffuser 230 is positioned below the inlets 211, 212, 221, and 222.

In addition, a main air supply pipe 232 for supplying air is connected to the diffuser 230, and a blower 236 is installed in the main air supply pipe 232 to supply air. In addition, a valve means 234 for controlling the amount of air supplied is installed at the connection portion between the diffuser 230 and the main air supply pipe 232. The valve means 234 may be composed of an electric needle valve (Electric Needle Value), an electric butterfly valve (Electric Butterfly Value), an electric ball valve (Electric Ball Value), respectively by adjusting the valve means 234 The amount of air supplied to the diffuser 230 can be controlled. Therefore, the sewage treatment unit 200 supplies the air supplied to each part of the bioreactors 210 and 220 through the diffuser 230 even without stopping the operation of the blower 236. Can be blocked or adjusted

In addition, a flow adjusting tank (not shown) may be installed at an inlet of the inlets 211, 212, 221, and 222 of the bioreactor 210 and 220 to adjust a flow rate of the sewage raw water. Accordingly, a constant amount of flow rate may be supplied to the biological reaction tanks 210 and 220 at all times.

In addition, the discharge portion (214, 224) of the biological reaction tank (210, 220) is provided with a water level control device (280) for adjusting the opening and closing of the discharge portion (214, 224) to change the flow of the flow path. Therefore, the biological reaction tanks 210 and 220 may naturally reduce the nitrified sewage to an anoxic (tank) state through adjustment of the water level control device 280 to obtain an internal transport effect with less power.

The water level adjusting device 280 adjusts the opening and closing by adjusting the opening heights of the discharge parts 214 and 224, and changes the flow of the flow path by adjusting the flow rate flowing over the discharge parts 214 and 224. do. To this end, the water level control device 280 includes shielding means for blocking the opening, and height adjustment means for adjusting the height of the shielding means.

5 and 6 are views for explaining the operation mode of the sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6, the sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is operated as four operation modes of A, B, C, D operation mode largely, inflow and flow of sewage in each operation mode The sewage, treated and aeration and no aeration sections are set.

First, in the A operation mode, sewage and conveyed sludge flows into the upper end of the first biological reactor 210 as shown in FIG. The sewage and return sludge flowing into the first biological reactor 210 is introduced into an anaerobic state in which air supply is stopped. At this time, the sewage and the conveyed sludge are moved in a plug-flow form without being stirred. Then, the stop and the lower end of the first biological reactor 210 is converted to an anoxic state.

On the other hand, the second biological reactor 220 is to maintain the aerobic state, and the treated sewage is discharged.

Next, proceed to the B operation mode. In operation B of FIG. 5, inflow of sewage into the first biological reactor 210 is stopped as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Then, sewage and conveyed sludge flow into the lower end of the second biological reaction tank 220. At this time, air is supplied to the upper end, the middle end, and the lower end of the first biological reaction tank 210 to be converted into an exhaled state.

On the other hand, the upper end, the middle and the lower end of the second biological reaction tank 220 is switched to an anoxic state to stop the air supply to discharge the treated water.

Next, proceed to the C operation mode. In operation C, as shown in FIG. 5C, inflow of sewage and conveying sludge to the lower end of the second biological reactor 220 is stopped, and sewage and conveyed sludge are discharged to the upper end of the second biological reactor 220. Inflow. At this time, the sewage and the conveyed sludge are moved in a plug-flow form without being stirred. Then, the stop and the lower end of the second biological reactor 220 is converted to an anoxic state. In addition, the first biological reactor 210 is converted into an aerobic state and discharged sewage is completed.

Next, the operation proceeds to the D operation mode. In operation D of FIG. 5, inflow of sewage to the upper end of the second biological reactor 220 is stopped. Then, sewage and conveying sludge flow into the lower end of the first biological reaction tank 210.

At this time, the upper end and the middle and the lower end of the first biological reaction tank 210 is converted to an anoxic state. The sewage after treatment is discharged. In addition, the upper end, the middle and the lower end of the second biological reaction tank 220 is converted into an exhaled state.

In this way, each step of the treatment time is variable according to the load of the influent, it is also possible for each step of the treatment time is longer or the step is omitted.

Looking in more detail, the sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention is composed of two intermittent aeration tank (210, 220), two biological reaction tank (210, 220) in terms of operation as shown in Figure 6 Tank 1, Tank 2, Tank 3 is operated separately and Tank 3 is divided into 4 sub-divisions to control the residence time of anaerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic processes through abandonment / aeration of each zone in intermittent aeration tank according to inflow load.

Looking at the mode A, sewage and sludge flows into Tank 1 and out of Tank 2 through Tank 3. Tank 1 into which sewage and sludge flows is operated by an anaerobic process (aerobic process), and Tank 3 removes an anoxic process (non-aeration process) that denitrates nitrate nitrogen, removes residual organic substances, and induces nitrification and excess intake of phosphorus. The aerobic process (aeration process) is operated at the same time. Tank 2 generates an outflow during the aerobic process (aeration process). At this time, the level control device of Tank 1 is raised and the level control device of Tank 2 is lowered to maintain the outflow flow in the tank 2 direction in a natural flow method.

Then, in B mode, sewage and sludge flow into the Tank 3-c zone and outflow to Tank 2, where the operation is changed to an anaerobic process (aeration process). Some sections of Tank 1 and Tank 3, which were operated in the anaerobic process (aeration process) and an oxygen-free process (non-aeration process) in the previous operation mode, are converted to the aerobic process (non-aeration process). Mode C and mode D are the operation modes in which inflow and outflow occur in the opposite direction of mode A and mode B. The operation of the process is the same as the mode A / B.

On the other hand, in the case of C mode (Phase), the sewage tank is equipped with ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N), phosphate (PO ₄₃ ^-- P) water meter Inflow to 2.

As the wastewater is flowing into the reaction tank is ammonium nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and the concentration is increased, the nitrate nitrogen by the denitrification process (NO ₃ ^- -N) is gradually reduced, while the phosphate (PO ₄₃ ^- -P ) Will also increase slowly. At this time, Tank 1 equipped with ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) water meters will generate an outflow during the aerobic process. In tank 1, ammonia nitrogen ( The concentration of NH ₄ ⁺ -N) decreases and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) increases.

If this C mode (Phase) continues, Tank 1 continuously increases the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and phosphate phosphorus (PO ₄₃ ^-- P) and the nitrate nitrogen (NO) ₃ ^-- N) concentration is reduced. At this time, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) is reduced in Tank 1, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) continues to increase, the treatment performance is increased by a large amount of sludge floating in the final settler Will be greatly degraded.

An important reason for this phenomenon is that nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N), which is required for anaerobic or anoxic processes, cannot be continuously supplied through internal transport. Therefore, in the method without internal return (APID method), the location of influent sewage should be changed to a location rich in nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N).

The nitrification reaction is a process in which ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitrous acid and nitric acid by nitric oxide microorganisms under aerobic conditions.

Here, the theoretical total oxygen demand for oxidizing ammonia to nitric acid is about 4.57 gO ₂ / gN, and the amount of oxygen required for the ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation steps is 3.43 gO ₂ -N and 1.14 gO ₂ / gN, respectively. to be. At this time, the nitrifying microorganism uses carbon dioxide gas in the wastewater as an inorganic carbon source, and the alkalinity of the wastewater occurs due to hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) generated during the nitrification process. Theoretically, an alkalinity of 7.14 mg (as CaCO ₃ ) is required to oxidize 1 mg NO ₄ ⁺ -N.

Inorganic carbon is required for cell synthesis during nitrification. At this time, most of the energy obtained from the oxidation of nitrogen is consumed to reduce carbon dioxide to cells. The stoichiometry of cell synthesis may be represented by [Formula 3], wherein the yields of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria are 0.08g-VSS / g-NH ₄ ⁺ -N and 0.05g-VSS / g-NO _{2-, respectively} ^. -N applies. Here, C ₅ H ₇ NO ₂ means nitrifying bacteria.

In general, nitrification is known to be mainly due to chemoautotrophic bacteria. Among the microorganisms involved in nitrification, Nitrosomonas sp. Is a representative microorganism that oxidizes ammonia to hydroxyl nitrite via hydroxylamine. Other types include Nitrosospira briensis, Nitrosococcus nitrous, and Nitrosolobus multiformis. Nitrobacter sp. Is the major microorganism that oxidizes nitrous acid to nitric acid. The marine microorganisms Nitrosospina gracilis and Nitrosococcus mobils are also known.

The denitrification (DN) process can be carried out in all forms of anoxic suspended growth and anoxic attached growth, the conditions of the denitrification reaction being deficient in dissolved oxygen concentrations and the presence of sufficient nitrates. Depends on the presence Biological denitrification generally begins with a complete nitrification reaction. However, micro-organisms involved in the nitrification process, there is an oxynitride path varies according to the nitrogen form in the inlet waste water, the high concentration of ammonia waste water non-ionized ammonia (NH _3: free ammonia) and the ^nitrite-: by (HNO ₃ free nirous acid) Nitrobacter inhibits nitrification and results in nitrite build-up. The microorganisms involved in the denitrification process are random heterotrophic microorganisms, which require the maintenance of anoxic state in the reactor and organic carbon source, which is an electron donor, and methanol is the most important electron donor for economic reasons. It is used. When methanol is used as the electron donor, the denitrification reaction is as follows.

^{_{NO 3 - + 1 / 3CH 3}} OH → NO 2 - + 1 / 3CO 2 + 2 / 3H 2 O

^{_{NO 2 - + 1 / 2CH 3}} OH → 1 / 2N 2 + 1 / 2CO 2 + 1 / 2H 2 O + OH -

^{_{NO 3 - + 5 / 6CH 3}} OH → 1 / 2N 2 + 5 / 6CO 2 + 7 / 6H2 O + OH -

It is known that methanol for denitrification takes about 25 to 30% for cell synthesis of denitrification microorganisms, and a general denitrification reaction of nitrate in consideration of cell synthesis has been proposed as follows based on actual research. .

^{_{NO 3 - + 1.08CH 3 OH +}} 0.24H 2 CO 3 → 0.056C 5 H 7 NO 2 + 0.47N 2 + 1.68H 2 O + HCO

^{_{NO 2 - + 0.67CH 3 OH +}} 0.53H 2 CO 3 → 0.004C 5 H 7 NO 2 + 0.48N 2 + 1.23H 2 O + HCO

O ₂ + 0.93 CH ₃ OH + 0.056 H ₂ CO ₃ → 0.056 C ₅ H ₇ NO ₂ + 1.04 N ₂ + 0.59 H ₂ O + 0.56 HCO

When the nitric acid is reduced to N ₂ gas in the denitrification reaction, carbon acid and bicarbonate are produced. Denitrification of 1 mg NO ₃ ^-- N produces an alkalinity of about 2.3 to 3.0 mg / L, which in turn increases the pH of the reactor. In the environmental conditions for biological denitrification, dissolved oxygen concentration is a decisive variable. In general, the dissolved oxygen concentration is hindered by the denitrification reaction when the dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.2 mg / L or more and denitrification at the dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.13 mg / L. Some reports have stopped responding. Since the presence of dissolved oxygen inhibits the enzyme system for denitrification, the dissolved oxygen concentration is preferably zero or very low. Denitrification rate in the denitrification process can be described by the following formula (6).

 U'RDN (T) = RDN (T) K (T-20) (1-DO)

here,

U'RDN (T): Total denitrification rate

RDN (T): Specific denitrifiction rate, kgNO3--N / kgMLVSS.

T: temperature, ℃

DO: concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction tank, mg / L

K: temperature constant, 1.09 (range: 1.03 ~ 1.1)

Formula 6 indicates that the denitrification rate is zero when the dissolved oxygen concentration is 1.0 mg / L. The temperature for the denitrification reaction is similar to other biological processes and can be reacted in the range of 0 to 50 ° C. In the wastewater treatment, denitrification is generally performed at a temperature in the range of 5 to 30 ° C., but the optimum reaction temperature is known to be 35 to 50 ° C. In addition, the reaction rate in the range of 5 ~ 10 ℃ is about 1.5 ~ 2.0 times as 10 ℃ increase and the denitrification reaction was reported to be stopped at the water temperature of about 3 ℃.

In the reactor described in the above description of the nitrification and denitrification process and the method operated by the chemical reaction equation, since the relationship of reaction and the flow of the process are inferred by the simple reaction equation shown in FIG. Ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N).

In the correlation between ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N), ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) decreases when the aeration process is performed in the reactor. The acidic nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) is increased and the nitrification process starts and is approaching the end point, whereas the ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) is increased and the nitric acid (NO ₃ -N) is increased. ^The decrease in -N) may be inferred by the introduction of organic carbon sources (such as influent sewage and sludge inflows) and approaching the end point due to denitrification.

Determination of the correlation lines between concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N), which are control variables to change each operation mode, based on the sewage treatment trial run or Lab reactor operation data Done. For example, if the end point of the mode is an ammonia concentration of a mg / L and a nitrate nitrogen concentration of b mg / L, the relationship threshold at which each concentration change in a mode switches the mode of the reactor (a For example, it can be applied to switch to the next mode immediately when the data is reached or b mg / L) is entered or beyond the range.

On the other hand, in the bioreactor, O _{2 content} is constantly operated in relation between ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) (dissolved oxygen concentration is constant depending on the aeration or anaerobic / anaerobic state). Meaning that it is maintained or consumed at the required value).

Since the amount of organic matter in the influent sewage is an important factor limiting the removal performance of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage treatment process, it is necessary to utilize the small amount of organic matter as effectively as possible and to increase the nitrogen removal efficiency by inducing endogenous denitrification of microorganisms.

In order to implement this, APID method uses ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) which can represent the state of Tank1 and 2 reactors to control parameters of Tank3 to enable dynamic plug (variability of aeration and aeration). The use of nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) ratios allows the scope of nitrification and denitrification to be expanded.

The control parameters of the Dynamic Plug are the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) in the reaction tank.Ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) in the reaction tank is nitrate nitrogen (NO If it is higher than ₃ ^-- N, this means that the current concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) in the reaction tank should increase the volume of the aerobic process to perform nitrification, and vice versa. _If the ratio of ₃ ^-- N is high, this means that the volume of the anoxic process must be increased to denitrify through endogenous denitrification of the microorganism. This ratio can be calculated based on the operator's experience, and the operation example of the biological reactor according to this is shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 8, it shows an example in which aeration / aeration is adjusted at a ratio of 1: 3, 1: 1, 3: 1, and 7: 1.

At the aeration condition of each mode, the organic matter is removed and the nitrification process is performed in which ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) is converted to nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N). Acidic nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) is the carbon source as part of the organic material introduced, and denitrification of nitric acid (NO ₃ ^-- N) by the sludge returned in the biological reaction tank. All influent flows into the aerobic zone to cause denitrification and low concentrations of nitrate nitrogen to allow sludge to have good sedimentability.

The operation mode measures the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) between the aeration and non-aeration devices, and calculates the time due to the position shift of nitrification and denitrification through mutual distribution logic. Process and end points of the process are extracted and calculated. Based on the extracted logic, the tanks 1 and 2 are set to abandon / aeration sections and applied to the operation mode to inject sewage into the aeration sections.

Process of Tank 1 or Tank 2 by calculating mutual ratios through the measurement of concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrogen nitrate (NO ₃ ^-- N) in progress by the process of Tank 1 and Tank 2 It is applied to change the residence time of anaerobic / anaerobic / aerobic process by determining the number of aeration or anaerobic sections of Tank 3 by the state (ratio).

Hereinafter, the operation and logic control unit 320 will be described to perform the reaction control method using the detection of the region by the correlation and the reaction control method using the reference function output by the ratio relationship for the sewage treatment in the biological reactor. do.

9 to 12 are calculation and logic block diagrams for explaining a reaction control method using region detection by correlation according to embodiments of the present invention.

The reaction control method using the correlation detection according to the embodiments of the present invention is to measure the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrogen nitrate (NO ₃ ^-- N) measured in the biological reactor Identify the boundary of the area (condition) for the mutual position, output the result as a logic value, and apply the logic value to decide whether to proceed further or end the current process (nitrification process or denitrification process). This is a method of controlling the reaction process in.

Here, the region refers to the boundary line based on the boundary line of the region (condition) with respect to the mutual position of the ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and the nitrogen nitrate (NO ₃ ^-- N) concentration measurement values. It depends on whether it is below or above the boundary. For example, if at any instant the interposition of ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and nitrogen nitrate (NO ₃ ^-- N) readings is below the boundary, the reaction in that process is targeted. If it is not reached, it is above the boundary, and the reaction in the process has already exceeded the target state. Therefore, the area where the mutual position of the ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ ⁺ -N) and the nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ ^-- N) concentration measurement value belongs is determined, and the result is output as a logical value (0 or 1). . For example, if the result value is logical 0, the reaction of the process is maintained as it is and further progressed. If the result value is logic 1, the reaction of the process is terminated to perform the next process.

9 and 10 are operation and logic block diagrams illustrating a reaction control method using region detection by correlation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, in the reaction control method using correlation detection according to an embodiment of the present invention, sewage is detected by detecting two signals of ammonia nitrogen concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration in a biological reactor. Condition that is input by inputting reference signal to function (Criterion Function, interpolation formula or simultaneous polynomial, etc.) where correlation boundary (division of area) with each signal is set based on data obtained by processing trial run or Lab reactor operation The logic can be made by calculating the value and comparing it directly with other input signals to be compared to the output condition value.

To this end, the operation and logic controller 320 may include a setting function block 301 and a comparison block 302.

The set function block 301 is based on the data obtained by the sewage treatment commissioning or the Lab reactor operation, and the correlation boundary between the two signals on the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the bioreactor ( It has a set function (Criterion Function, interpolation formula or simultaneous polynomial).

That is, the setting function block 301 has information on the correlation between the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen during the execution of any reaction process. Here, the correlation boundary line represents the concentration values of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the bioreactor, which may serve as a criterion for deciding whether to proceed further or terminate the reaction process. For example, when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is the X axis and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is the Y axis, the boundary line 301a having an arbitrary slope is drawn on the graph. Thus, if any reference input signal, e.g., the concentration (X) of one of the two components measured in the bioreactor, is input to the set function block 301, then the set function block 301 The reference value Y` for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen, which is another component corresponding to the boundary line 301a, is output.

In addition, the setting function block 301 is a boundary line (301) when the concentration (Y) of one of the two components measured in the biological reactor is input to the setting function block 301, It is possible to implement any number to output a reference value (X`) for the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, which is another component corresponding to 301a).

The comparison block 302 compares the reference value Y` for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen output from the setting function block 301 with the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the current biological reactor and outputs a logic value. For example, the comparison block 302 can output to logic 1 if Y &gt; Y 'and output to logic 0 if Y &lt; Alternatively, if Y <Y ', the logic 1 may be output. If Y ≥ Y', the logic 0 may be output. The logic value determines whether to proceed with the reaction further or terminate, and the operation mode is determined accordingly.

In simple terms, this can be expressed as:

Y '= F (x)

Y> Y 'or Y <Y' → Logic 0

Y ≤ Y 'or Y ≥ Y' → logic 1

Here, F (x) is a setting function of interpolation or simultaneous polynomial.

FIG. 10 illustrates a logic diagram implemented to perform reaction control under two conditions using region detection by correlation described in FIG. 9. In condition 1 (nitridation step) and condition 2 (denitrification step), if the logic 0 is common, the reaction step is further proceeded, and if the logic 1 is completed, the reaction step is terminated.

When condition 1 is set, if the concentration (mm) of ammonia nitrogen measured in the bioreactor is input to the setting function block 301, the setting function block 301 sets a reference value (Y`) for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen. Output to comparison block 302 (11). On the other hand, the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the biological reactor is input to the comparison block 302. Accordingly, the comparison block 302 compares the reference value Y` for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen input from the setting function block 301 with the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the bioreactor. The comparison block 302 outputs a logic 0 if the result of the comparison is Y <Y ', and outputs a logic 1 if Y ≥ Y' (12).

When condition 2 is set, if the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (X) measured in the bioreactor is input to the setting function block 301, the setting function block 301 sets a reference value (Y`) for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen. Output to comparison block 302 (11). On the other hand, the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the biological reactor is input to the comparison block 302. Accordingly, the comparison block 302 compares the reference value Y` for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen input from the setting function block 301 with the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the bioreactor. The comparison block 302 outputs a logic 0 if the result of the comparison is Y> Y ', and outputs a logic 1 if Y ≤ Y' (12).

11 and 12 are operation and logic block diagrams illustrating a reaction control method using region detection by correlation according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, a reaction control method using correlation detection according to another embodiment of the present invention is based on data obtained by a sewage treatment trial run or a lab reactor operation, and the concentration and quality of ammonia nitrogen in a biological reactor. The reference condition is calculated by inputting a reference signal into a function (Criterion Function, interpolation formula, or system polynomial) where the correlation boundary (region division) between two signals on the acidic nitrogen concentration is set. The final calculation result can be made into logic by performing arithmetic or special calculation with the other input signal to be compared to the output condition value.

To this end, the operation and logic controller 320 may include a setting function block 304, an operation block 305, and a comparison block 306.

The setting function block 304 is substantially similar to the setting function block 301 described in FIG. 9, except that the boundary line 304a of the setting function block 304 and the boundary line 301a of the setting function block 301 are different from each other. Otherwise it can be moved up and down. That is, the setting function block 304 has a boundary that moves up and down according to a biasing constant or a function output value. In the figure, 304b represents a boundary line that is changed by a biasing constant or function.

Thus, if any reference input signal, e.g., the concentration (X) of one of the two components measured in the bioreactor, is input to the set function block 304, then the set function block 304 The reference value Y` for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen, which is another component corresponding to the boundary line 304a or 304b, is output.

The calculation block 305 calculates the difference between the reference value (Y`) for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen output from the setting function block 304 and the concentration (Y) of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the current bioreactor, and compares the comparison block ( 306). Meanwhile, the comparison block 306 receives a comparison reference value according to a constant or function output value. Accordingly, the comparison block 306 compares the comparison reference value with the value output from the operation block 305 and outputs a logical value (0 or 1). For example, the comparison block 306 can output to logic 1 if (Y-Y ')> F (C) and output to logic 0 if (Y-Y') <F (C). Alternatively, if (Y-Y ') &lt; F (C), the logic 1 can be outputted. If (Y-Y') &gt; The logic value determines whether to proceed with the reaction further or terminate, and the operation mode is determined accordingly.

In simple terms, this can be expressed as:

Y '= F (x) or F (x) + F (b)

(Y-Y ')> F (C) or (Y-Y') <F (C) → logic 1

(Y-Y ') ≤ F (C) or (Y-Y') ≥ F (C) → logic 0

Here, F (x) is a setting function of the interpolation or simultaneous polynomial, b is a biasing constant or a biasing function, and the calculation may be arithmetic and special calculations.

FIG. 12 shows a logic diagram implemented to perform reaction control by region detection by correlation described in FIG. 11 under two conditions. In condition 1 (nitridation step) and condition 2 (denitrification step), if the logic 0 is common, the reaction step is further proceeded, and if the logic 1 is completed, the reaction step is terminated.

When condition 1 is set, the concentration X of the ammonia nitrogen measured in the bioreactor is input to the set function block 304 (23). On the other hand, a biasing constant or a function output value is input to the setting function block 304 (22). Accordingly, the setting function block 304 calculates a reference value (Y` = F (X) + F (b)) for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen by reflecting the biasing constant or the value f (b) according to the function. Output to block 305 (24).

The calculation block 305 calculates the difference between the reference value (Y`) for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen output from the setting function block 304 and the concentration (Y) of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the current bioreactor, and compares the comparison block ( 306). Meanwhile, the comparison block 306 receives a comparison reference value f (c) according to a constant or function output value. Accordingly, the comparison block 306 compares the comparison reference value f (c) with the value (Y-Y ') output from the operation block 305 and outputs a logic value 0 or 1 (26). For example, the comparison block 306 can output to logic 1 if (Y-Y ')> F (C) and output to logic 0 if (Y-Y') ≤ F (C). When X is the concentration of nitrate nitrogen measured in the bioreactor, output is logic 1 if (Y-Y ') <F (C), and outputs logic 0 if (Y-Y') ≥ F (C). can do.

When condition 2 is set, the concentration X of the ammonia nitrogen measured in the bioreactor is input to the setting function block 304 (27). On the other hand, a biasing constant or a function output value is input to the setting function block 304 (22). Accordingly, the setting function block 304 calculates the reference value (Y˝ = F (X) + F (b)) for the concentration of nitrate nitrogen by reflecting the biasing constant or the value f (b) according to the function. Output to block 305 (28).

The calculation block 305 calculates the difference between the reference value (Y˝) for the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen output from the setting function block 304 and the concentration (Y) of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the current bioreactor, and compares the comparison block ( 306). Meanwhile, the comparison block 306 receives a comparison reference value f (c) according to a constant or function output value. Accordingly, the comparison block 306 compares the comparison reference value f (c) with the value Y′-Y output from the operation block 305 and outputs a logical value 0 or 1 (26). For example, the comparison block 306 may output to logic 1 if (Y˝-Y)> F (C) and output to logic 0 if (Y˝-Y) ≤ F (C). On the other hand, when X is the concentration of nitrate nitrogen measured in the bioreactor, the output is logic 1 if (Y˝-Y) <F (C), and logic 0 if (Y˝-Y) ≥ F (C). You can output

13 and 14 are operation and logic block diagrams illustrating a reaction control method using a reference function output based on a ratio relationship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, a reaction control method using a reference function output based on a ratio relationship according to another embodiment of the present invention relates to the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor. Measures two signals and inputs the signals calculated by the mutual ratio of the two signals to a function (Criterion Function, interpolation formula or system of polynomials) with reference lines or control lines set based on previously acquired data. The operation mode is determined by calculating a condition or a control value.

To this end, the operation and logic controller 320 may include an operation block 307 and a setting function block 308.

The calculation block 307 calculates the ratio of the two signals for the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the biological reactor. Thus, the calculation block 307 is inputted as a numerator with ammonia nitrogen concentration as a reference input signal X, and as a denominator with nitrate nitrogen concentration as a reference input signal Y, for example. / Y) is output to the setting function block 308.

The set-up function block 308 is based on data obtained by the sewage treatment commissioning or the Lab reactor operation, or baseline or controlled by the mutual ratio of the two signals to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the bioreactor. The line has a set function (Criterion Function, interpolation formula or simultaneous polynomial).

That is, the set function block 308 has a baseline set by the mutual ratio of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen during any reaction process. Here, the baseline represents the yield of aeration or aeration in accordance with the mutual ratio of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the biological reaction tank.

Therefore, it is possible to control the amount of abandonment or aeration using the reference values S and CF output by the setting function block 301. In this case, the reference value may be used as an input value for a logic value (0 or 1) by area detection using a plurality of conditions, or the quantity of abandonment or aeration can be controlled using the reference value itself.

At this time, the reference line 308a of the setting function block 308 can be moved up and down. That is, the set function block 308 has a baseline that moves up and down in accordance with a biasing constant or a function output value. 308b in the figure represents a baseline that is changed by a biasing constant or function.

In simple terms, this can be expressed as:

R (Ratio) = X ㆇ Y

S (Reference Value) = CF = F (R) or F (R) + F (b)

Here, F (R) is a setting function of an interpolation or simultaneous polynomial, b is a biasing constant or a biasing function, and CF is a setting function output value (reference value).

FIG. 14 illustrates a logic diagram implemented to perform reaction control using the reference function output by the ratio relationship described in FIG. 12.

For example, the concentration X of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration Y of the nitrate nitrogen (Y) measured in the bioreactor are input to the calculation block 307. The calculation block 307 performs arithmetic processing using the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (X) as the numerator and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen (Y) as the denominator to set the ratio (R = X / Y) of the two signals. Output to function block 304 (31). The setting function block 304 functions 32 the ratio input from the operation block 307 to generate F (R).

On the other hand, a biasing constant or a function output value b is input to the setting function block 308 (34). Accordingly, the setting function block 304 outputs the reference value CF = F (R) + F (b) by reflecting the biasing constant or the value f (b) according to the function (33). The reference value CF = F (R) + F (b) is used to generate a logical value (0 or 1) by detecting a region using a plurality of conditions according to an implementer's selection, or a response according to the reference value. It is used as the reference value itself to output a control signal and used to control the quantity of aeration / aeration according to the ratio of the two signals.

The area detection logic value or control value according to the reaction control method described above is used in connection with performing control of a subsequent process. For example, position control, quantity control, flow rate control, and time control of the process system may be performed in conjunction.

In addition, it can be used for denitrification, nitrification process and sludge conveyance control in the reaction tank of all sewage treatment methods. Control, process run time calculation)

For example, in the case of position control, if the logical value is advanced during the denitrification process, the aeration valve of the tank is kept closed, and if the logical value is completed, the aeration valve of the tank is opened. On the contrary, in the case of nitrification, if the logic value is in progress, the aeration valve of the corresponding tank is opened, and if it is finished, the aeration valve of the corresponding tank is closed to maintain the ready state.

For example, when the ratio value is large, the quantity of the aeration valves is increased, and when the ratio value is small, the quantity of the aeration valves is reduced. In this case, when the quantity of the aeration valve is adjusted, the aeration valve is adjusted from the tank adjacent to the reaction tank.

For example, in the case of the flow rate control, when the aeration direction increases, the air volume is controlled to open the vane of the blower as much air volume is required. As an example of time control, the time can be counted from the time of progress until the end by the timer and used for subsequent control.

As described above, the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and drawings, and the present invention usually falls within the claims. Of course, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art.

For example, in the above embodiments, the operation logic is implemented by setting logic 0 to advance and logic 1 to end. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and logic 0 to end and logic 1 to progress. It can also be set to perform computational logic. In addition, although condition 1 is described as a nitrification process and condition 2 as a denitrification process, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be modified as much as possible.

1 is a block diagram showing a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a bioreactor provided in a sewage treatment unit in a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sewage treatment unit briefly in the sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the interior of the biological reactor of the sewage treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6 are views for explaining the operation mode of the sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a view for explaining the nitrification and denitrification process according to the present invention.

8 is a view for explaining an operation mode by the ratio according to the present invention.

9 and 10 are diagrams for describing a reaction control method using region detection by correlation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

11 and 12 are operation and logic block diagrams illustrating a reaction control method using region detection by correlation according to another embodiment of the present invention.

13 and 14 are operation and logic block diagrams illustrating a reaction control method using a reference function output based on a ratio relationship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (20)

At least two biological reactors having a flow path communicating with each other, each of the biological reactors are divided into a plurality of regions, each of which operates in an anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state or an aerobic state according to the set operation mode, A sewage treatment unit in which opening and closing of the inlet, outlet, and air volume control valves are adjusted to change the flow of the flow path; And a reaction control unit for determining the operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen in the water of the biological reactor. The reaction control unit, The maintenance or conversion of the determined operating mode may be determined by comparing the measured concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen with a correlation boundary line between the predetermined concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen. , The correlation boundary line is a sewage treatment apparatus formed by plotting a boundary line based on stored data on the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured in the biological reactor. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction control unit, A measurement unit for measuring concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reaction tank, respectively; Operation and logic for performing calculations and logic for determining an operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen measured by the measuring unit. Sewage treatment apparatus including a control unit. The method according to claim 1, The sewage treatment unit, An diffuser installed at the bottom of each biological reactor and selectively supplying the biological reactor to vary one of an anaerobic tank state, an anaerobic state, or an aerobic state; Sewage treatment apparatus is installed in the outlet of the biological reaction tank and a water level control device for adjusting the opening and closing of the outlet to change the flow of the flow path. The method according to claim 1, Further comprising a PID (phased isolation ditch) control unit for determining the validity of the measured component value for the specific component of the water of the biological reactor, and generates a control signal proportional to the target value to control the sewage treatment unit Sewage treatment unit. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating mode of the biological reactor, Sewage treatment apparatus which is a plurality of operating modes for selectively performing anaerobic tank process, anoxic tank process, aerobic tank process in the biological reaction tank. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1, The reaction control unit uses the correlation boundary line to detect a mutual position condition of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen and output a logic result value (0, 1) as a control signal by a comparative logic method. Processing unit. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction control unit, Two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor are measured, and a reference signal is input to a function in which a correlation boundary with each signal is set based on previously acquired data. Calculating a reference condition, and directly comparing the output condition with another input signal to be compared to generate a logic to determine the operation mode. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction control unit, Two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor are measured, and a reference signal is input to a function in which a correlation boundary with each signal is set based on previously acquired data. And calculating a reference condition, and performing arithmetic or special calculation with other input signals to be compared to the output condition value and generating a final calculation result in logic to determine the operation mode. At least two biological reactors having a flow path communicating with each other, each of the biological reactors are divided into a plurality of regions, each of which operates in an anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state or an aerobic state according to the set operation mode, A sewage treatment unit in which opening and closing of the inlet, outlet, and air volume control valves are adjusted to change the flow of the flow path; And a reaction control unit for determining the operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen in the water of the biological reactor. The reaction control unit, By measuring two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor, the mutual ratio of the two signals to a function in which a reference line or a control line is set based on previously obtained data The sewage treatment apparatus for determining the maintenance or switching of the determined operating mode by calculating a reference condition or control value by inputting the signal calculated by. The method according to claim 12, wherein the reaction control unit, And a volume ratio of aeration / aeration for performing nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the measured concentration of ammonia nitrogen and concentration of nitrate nitrogen. The method according to claim 12, The previously acquired data is a sewage treatment apparatus which is data obtained by trial run or operation of a lab reactor. The method according to claim 1 or 12, The reaction control unit, the sewage treatment apparatus for performing at least one control selected from the position control, quantity control, flow rate control, and time control of the process system. At least two biological reactors having a flow path communicating with each other, each of the biological reactors are divided into a plurality of regions, each of which operates in an anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state or an aerobic state according to the set operation mode, As a control method of the sewage treatment device in which the opening and closing of the inlet, the outlet and the air volume control valve is adjusted to change the flow of the flow path, A reaction control step of determining the operation mode by determining the progress of the nitrification or denitrification reaction in the biological reactor in accordance with the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor, The reaction control step, The determined operation is compared with the measured concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen with a correlation boundary between the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen preset to determine the operation mode. Control method of the sewage treatment device for determining the maintenance or switching of the mode. The method of claim 16, wherein the reaction control step, A measurement step of measuring concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor, respectively; An operation and logic control step of performing calculation and logic for determining an operation mode by determining the progress of nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the measured concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen; Control method of the sewage treatment apparatus containing. delete At least two biological reactors having a flow path communicating with each other, each of the biological reactors are divided into a plurality of regions, each of which operates in an anaerobic tank state, an anoxic state or an aerobic state according to the set operation mode, As a control method of the sewage treatment device in which the opening and closing of the inlet, the outlet and the air volume control valve is adjusted to change the flow of the flow path, A reaction control step of determining the operation mode by determining the progress of the nitrification or denitrification reaction in the biological reactor in accordance with the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contained in the water of the biological reactor, The reaction control step, By measuring two signals for the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen detected in the biological reactor, the mutual ratio of the two signals to a function in which a reference line or a control line is set based on previously obtained data The control method of the sewage treatment apparatus for determining the maintenance or switching of the determined operating mode by calculating a reference condition or control value by inputting the signal calculated by. The method of claim 19, wherein the reaction control step, And controlling the volume ratio of aeration / aeration for performing nitrification or denitrification in the bioreactor according to the measured concentration of ammonia nitrogen and concentration of nitrate nitrogen.

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