KR100883771B1 - Electronic relay for open phase and reverse voltage protection - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic relay for reverse phase and open-phase protection is provided to easily grasp the abnormal phenomenon when the reverse phase or the open phase is generated in 3-phase power source. A power supply circuit part(10) outputs the control power of the low voltage and the relay power source of the high voltage after rectifying the three-phase (R,S,T) power source to the DC power supply. A regulator(30) stabilizes the control power in the fixed voltage value. A relay(80) operates the switch according to the excitation or the de-excitation of the relay coil and performs the contact point action. A relay driving part(70) supplies the power to the relay coil selectively and excites or de-excites the relay. A display(50) indicates the reverse phase or the open-phase in the lighting signal. A detection circuit(20) decreases the line voltage of the three-phase (R,S,T) and obtains the detection signal (RPH,SPH,TPH). A microcontroller(40) determines the reverse phase or the open-phase from the detection signal of the detection circuit and the operates the relay through the relay driving part.

Description

ELECTRONIC RELAY FOR OPEN PHASE AND REVERSE VOLTAGE PROTECTION

The present invention relates to an electronic relay for reverse phase and phase protection, and more particularly, to detect the reverse phase or phase loss of the power supplied to a three-phase load device, to cut off the power supply, and to protect the internal electronic devices from power. The present invention relates to an electronic relay for reverse and phase loss protection, which can promptly notify a user of reverse phase or phase loss.

In general, a load that has a large power consumption is configured to operate with a three-phase power supply that is more efficient than a single-phase power supply, and is provided with an appropriate relay and a breaker at the input of the load device to be selectively supplied with power to be protected in case of an error. That is, the relay and the breaker provided at the input of the load device, when an abnormal phenomenon such as short-circuit current, overcurrent, reverse phase or phase loss occurs, not only protects the load by quickly shutting off the power supplied to the load, but also causes an accident. It also prevents the phenomenon from spreading.

The protection relay and the breaker for the above-mentioned phenomena have been implemented by various conventional techniques, and in particular, the protection relay for reverse phase or phase loss is implemented as an electronic relay, not a mechanical type, because a phase difference between each phase and a potential of each phase must be detected in a three-phase power supply. It became.

In the prior art, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1998-0072117 "Multifunctional Digital Relay" analyzes the voltage waveform of each phase obtained by half-wave rectifying each phase with a microcontroller to detect whether there is a reverse phase or a phase loss, and accordingly the relay The output contact is controlled by turning on or off the contact, and the flashing of one light emitting diode is expressed differently, and the control and operation power required for the operation are obtained by a full-wave rectifying circuit composed of diodes.

However, in the conventional art, since the first and second voltage drops are obtained by combining diodes, transistors, and zener diodes to obtain the necessary control and operation power, the transistors are discharged when a surge or an abnormal waveform is introduced into a phase power supply. There was a disadvantage of breaking.

In addition, the conventional technique has a circuit configuration for half-wave rectifying the voltage waveform reduced by the resistance element to the zener diode in order to obtain the voltage waveform of each phase, even if a voltage reduction circuit and a noise removing circuit are provided. When an abnormal waveform is introduced, the abnormal waveform is input to the micro controller as it is, so that the micro controller is damaged.

In addition, the conventional technology comprises a driving unit for driving the relay to conduct the operation power obtained from the phase power supply to the transistor, so that if the abnormal waveform flows into the phase power supply, the transistor is damaged as well as the microcontroller. There was a disadvantage that can be broken up to.

In addition, since the prior art uses a single light emitting diode to inform the user of a reverse phase or an open phase, there is a hassle that a user must know in advance the flashing form of the light emitting diode. In general, a switchboard or control panel for protecting or manipulating a load includes many relays, circuit breakers, magnetic contactors, and instruments, and it is difficult for a user to quickly identify only a relay operated by an abnormal phenomenon. Therefore, even if it is necessary to quickly check only the relay corresponding to the abnormal phenomenon and to restart the load promptly, the prior art cannot do so.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic relay for reverse phase and phase loss protection that protects internal elements safely even if an abnormal waveform occurs in a three-phase power supply, so that there is no risk of damage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic relay for reverse phase and phase protection, which enables a user to easily grasp an abnormal phenomenon when a reverse phase or phase loss occurs in a three-phase power source.

The present invention to achieve the above object,

In the electronic relay for reverse and phase protection, which is connected to a three-phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power line for supplying power to the load, and detects the reverse phase or phase loss of the three phase power source,

A power circuit unit 10 which receives three-phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power and rectifies the DC power to obtain a low voltage control power and a high voltage relay power;

A regulator unit 30 for stabilizing the control power source to have a constant voltage value;

A relay unit 80 which performs a contact operation by operating the switch SW according to an excitation or element of the relay coil (Coil);

A relay driver 70 for selectively supplying power to the relay coil to excite or discharge the power;

A display unit 50 indicating whether a reverse phase or a phase is lost as a lighting signal;

A detection circuit unit 20 for reducing the voltage between the three phases (R phase, S phase, T phase) to obtain detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH); And

The stabilized power is supplied from the regulator unit 30, and the detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH of the detection circuit unit 20 are input to determine whether an image is missing or reversed from each detection signal RPH, SPH, or TPH. A microcontroller 40 for operating the relay unit 80 through the relay driver 70 and displaying the same through the display unit 50;

Characterized in that configured to include.

The display unit 50 is composed of three light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 corresponding to each phase. When an image formation occurs, the light emitting diode corresponding to the corresponding phase blinks continuously and repeatedly. The three light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 may be blinked continuously and repeatedly.

The power supply circuit unit 10 is inputted through capacitors C1 to C3 connected in series to three phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power lines, respectively, and rectified to DC power using diodes D1 to D6. Acquiring a relay power stabilized with the rectified DC power by the resistor R1 and the zener diode ZD1, and obtaining a control power stabilized by the relay power by the resistor R2 and the zener diode ZD2. .

The electronic relay is characterized in that it further comprises a warning sound output unit 60 for generating a warning sound by receiving a control signal output from the micro-controller 40 in the case of reversed or missing phase.

The detection circuit unit 20 depressurizes the line voltage of each of three phases (R phase, S phase, T phase) through resistance pairs R4 and R5, R6 and R7, R8 and R9 connected in series, and then a photocoupler ( PT1, PT2, PT3) to obtain the detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) corresponding to the line voltage.

The relay driver 70 and the warning sound output unit 60 receive the output control signals of the microcontroller 40 through the photocouplers PT4 and PT5 to turn on / off transistors TR1 and TR2 to respectively relay the relays. Characterized in that configured to drive the unit 80 and the buzzer (BZ).

Accordingly, in the present invention having the above configuration, the control power and the relay power are obtained from a three-phase power input terminal through a zener diode and a smoothing circuit, and a detection signal for determining whether the three-phase power is reversed or missing is determined through the photocoupler. Since it is obtained by separating from a three-phase power supply, even if an abnormal waveform occurs in the three-phase power supply, there is no risk of damage by protecting internal components safely. In addition, by connecting the capacitors (C1 to C3) to the three-phase power input terminal, the input voltage is reduced to reduce the resistance. Compared with the prior art consisting of the element, the amount of heat generated is significantly reduced.

In addition, the present invention can further protect the microcontroller by separating the control signal according to the determination of the power supply and the microcontroller for driving the relay through the photocoupler.

In addition, the present invention individually displays whether the three-phase power source is reversed or phased out with a light emitting diode assigned to each phase, and also emits a warning sound, so that the user can immediately know the abnormal phenomenon and know what the problem is, so take immediate action To increase productivity and workability.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described to be easily carried out by those of ordinary skill in the art. In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or known configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a circuit configuration diagram of the electronic relay for reverse phase and phase protection of the present invention.

1 according to the present invention, the three-phase (R-phase, S-phase, T-phase) receiving power to rectify the DC power supply with diodes (D1 ~ D6) and then outputs a low voltage control power supply and a high voltage relay power supply Power circuit unit 10; A relay unit 80 for selectively performing a contact operation by operating a switch SW as power is turned on or off in a relay coil; A relay driver (70) for supplying the relay power and receiving a predetermined control signal to selectively excite or element the relay coil (Coil) of the relay unit (70); A display unit 50 indicating whether a reverse phase or a phase is lost as a lighting signal; A warning sound output unit 60 for generating a warning sound when reversed or missing phases occur; A regulator unit 30 for stabilizing the control power source to have a constant voltage value; A detection circuit unit 20 for reducing the line voltage of the three phases (R phase, S phase, T phase) and then obtaining and outputting detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) having corresponding half-wave signals; And receiving the stabilized power from the regulator unit 30 and receiving the detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH of the detection circuit unit 20, and calculating the voltage values and phase differences of the respective detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH. Calculate and determine whether each phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) is missing from the obtained voltage value, determine whether the phase is reversed from the obtained phase difference, and when the phase or reverse phase occurs, Supply electricity to the light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3, turn on the lights, turn off the control power supplied to the relay driver 70, and turn off the switch (SW) contact point of the relay unit 80, And a micro-controller 40 generating a warning sound by applying a control power to the warning sound output unit 60.

The power circuit unit 10 receives three-phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power and reduces the voltage of each phase with the capacitors C1, C2, and C3, and rectifies the DC power with the diodes D1 to D6. After that, remove ripple with C4 to smooth DC power, output relay power through R1, and control power through R2 again. In addition, the power circuit unit 10 further includes a zener diode ZD1 for preventing an overvoltage from flowing into the output relay power and a condenser C5 for smoothing, and a zener for preventing overvoltage from flowing into the output control power. It further includes a diode ZD2.

The capacitors C1, C2, and C3 have a low heat generation effect as compared with the prior art, which is composed of a resistance element as a configuration for reducing the voltage. That is, in general, a resistor is a device that consumes power in accordance with the power supply is conducted, but the ideal capacitor is a phase change but does not consume power.

The regulator unit 30 adjusts the control power to a constant voltage by using a regulator (REG, regulator), capacitors (C9, C10) and an electrolytic capacitor (C11), and again through the microcontroller 40 through C12, R13, and C13. ) Supply DC power with stabilized required voltage without ripple.

The detection circuit unit 20 receives input voltages between three phases (R phase, S phase, and T phase) through resistor pairs R4 and R5, R6 and R7, R8, and R9 connected in series to the photocoupler PT1. And a half wave voltage signal is output to an input terminal (photodiode) of the PT2, PT3 and output to the output terminal (phototransistor) of the photocoupler PT1, PT2, PT3. The detection circuit unit 20 further includes filtering units R10 and C6, R11 and C7, R12 and C8 connected to each output terminal (phototransistor) of the photocouplers PT1, PT2 and PT3, thereby removing high frequency. The interline detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH are transmitted to the microcontroller 40, and the power supplied to the output terminal (phototransistor) is obtained from the output control power of the regulator REG.

The microcontroller 40 receives the stabilized power from the regulator unit 30, receives the detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH of the detection circuit unit 20, and receives the detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH. When the phase value or phase difference occurs by determining the phase of each phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) from the obtained voltage value, and determining whether or not the reverse phase from the obtained phase difference In order to supply electricity to the light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 of the display unit 50, turn on the control power supplied to the relay driver 70, switch SW of the relay unit 80 is turned on. The contact is turned off and a control power is applied to the warning sound output unit 60 to generate a warning sound. In the embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller 4 is implemented by ATMEL ATTINY26, the stabilized control power supply is connected to pins 5 and 15, the ground terminal is connected to pins 6 and 16, and the display unit. Anodes of the light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 of 50 were connected to pins 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) were received through pins 20, 19, and 18, respectively. The control powers (Relay, Beep) of the relay driver 70 and the alarm sound output unit 60 were connected to supply pins 12 and 11.

Since the microcontroller 40 receives the detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) corresponding to the line voltage, a program for converting the line voltage signal to a phase voltage signal should be built in order to determine the phase where the phase is generated. In addition, the microcontroller 40 is configured to convert the detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) into a square wave therein to determine a phase difference.

The display unit 50 includes three light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 corresponding to each phase, and the microcontroller 40 continuously and repeatedly flashes the light emitting diode corresponding to the phase in which an image is generated. If this occurs, all three of the light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 blink continuously and repeatedly. Therefore, the user can easily identify the image formed phase as a light emitting diode, and can quickly determine that a reverse phase has occurred when all the diodes emit light.

The relay driver 70 receives a control signal Relay transmitted from the microcontroller 40 as an input terminal (photodiode) of the photocoupler PT4 and receives an output terminal (phototransistor) of the photocoupler PT4. Conducting or blocking, and applying or blocking a voltage to the base of the transistor TR1 by conduction or interruption of the phototransistor so that the relay power of the power supply circuit unit 10 passes through a transistor and an emitter. The coil of the part 80 is excited or made to element. The transistor TR1 receives the relay power of the power circuit unit 10 through an emitter and receives the relay transfer source through a resistor R17 into a base, and then the resistor R18. It is configured to be input to the phototransistor via the.

The relay unit 80 has a coil that is excited or demagnetized according to the output signal of the collector of the transistor TR1 and a common contact R0 according to the excited or element of the coil. The switch SW which comprises a contact point R1 or b point R2 is comprised. The contact a (R1) or point b (R2) is used as a contact point for controlling the magnet or the like to selectively block the load.

Since the warning sound output unit 60 is formed in the same form as the relay driver 70, a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but the control signal Bee is input from the microcontroller 40, and the collet of the transistor TR2 is received. Note that there is a difference that the output signal of the collector is connected to the buzzer BZ via R21.

2 is a simplified circuit diagram of a general photocoupler used in the embodiment of the present invention.

According to FIG. 2, when a voltage is applied to both ends 1 and 2 of the photodiode PD, the photodiode PD emits light, and the phototransistor PT receives the light emission signal. The switching operation is performed in the form 3, 4) are conducted. That is, the photocoupler is configured in such a way that the power of the photodiode PD and the phototransistor is separated, so that the surge waveform does not spread to the phototransistor PT even when the surge is introduced into the photodiode PD. do. Accordingly, in the configuration of FIG. 1, the photocouplers PT1 to PT5 block abnormal waveforms flowing from three phases (R phase, S phase, and T phase), thereby protecting the microcontroller 40 safely.

Although illustrated and described in the specific embodiments to illustrate the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the same configuration and operation as the specific embodiment as described above, within the limits that various modifications do not depart from the scope of the invention It can be carried out in. Therefore, such modifications should also be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims below.

1 is a circuit diagram of an electronic relay for reverse and phase protection according to the present invention.

2 is a simplified circuit diagram of a typical photocoupler.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: power circuit portion 20: detection circuit portion

30: regulator part 40: microcontroller

50: display unit 60: warning sound output unit

70: relay drive unit 80: relay unit

Claims (3)

In the electronic relay for reverse and phase protection, which is connected to a three-phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power line for supplying power to the load, and detects the reverse phase or phase loss of the three phase power source, A power circuit unit 10 which receives three-phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power, rectifies the DC power, and outputs a low voltage control power and a high voltage relay power; A regulator unit 30 for stabilizing the control power source to have a constant voltage value; A relay unit 80 which operates a switch SW according to an excitation or element of a relay coil to perform a contact operation; A relay driver 70 for selectively supplying power to the relay coil to excite or discharge the power; A display unit 50 indicating whether a reverse phase or a phase is lost as a lighting signal; A detection circuit unit 20 for reducing the voltage between the three phases (R phase, S phase, T phase) to obtain detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH); And The stabilized power is supplied from the regulator unit 30, and the detection signals RPH, SPH, and TPH of the detection circuit unit 20 are input to determine whether an image is missing or reversed from each detection signal RPH, SPH, or TPH. A microcontroller 40 for operating the relay unit 80 through the relay driver 70 and displaying the same through the display unit 50; It is configured to include, The display unit 50 is composed of three light emitting diodes PD1, PD2, and PD3 corresponding to each phase. When an image formation occurs, the light emitting diode corresponding to the corresponding phase blinks continuously and repeatedly. Reverse phase and phase protection electronic relay characterized in that the three light emitting diodes (PD1, PD2, PD3) are made to blink continuously and repeatedly. The method of claim 1, The power supply circuit unit 10 is inputted through capacitors C1 to C3 connected in series to three phase (R phase, S phase, T phase) power lines, respectively, and rectified to DC power using diodes D1 to D6. Obtaining a relay power stabilized by the rectified DC power using the resistor R1 and the zener diode ZD1, and obtaining a control power stabilized by the relay power R2 and the zener diode ZD2. Electronic relay for reverse and phase protection. The method of claim 2, The electronic relay further includes a warning sound output unit 60 for generating a warning sound by receiving a control signal output from the microcontroller 40 when reversed phase or image formation occurs, The detection circuit unit 20 depressurizes the line voltage of each of three phases (R phase, S phase, T phase) through resistance pairs R4 and R5, R6 and R7, R8 and R9 connected in series, and then a photocoupler ( PT1, PT2, PT3) to obtain the detection signals (RPH, SPH, TPH) corresponding to the line voltage, The relay driver 70 and the warning sound output unit 60 receive the output control signals of the microcontroller 40 through the photocouplers PT4 and PT5 to turn on / off transistors TR1 and TR2 to respectively relay the relays. An electronic relay for reverse and phase protection, characterized in that configured to drive the unit 80 and the buzzer (BZ).

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