KR100873306B1 - Method of Setting the Condition of Incline Driving in Dynamo System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for testing the operating performance of a driving battery by a dynamometer including an inclined driving condition as a driving condition in a two- or three-wheeled prime mover (electric prime mover) in which a driving force by the battery is partially or totally provided when driving the prime mover. Flat driving conditions by applying a positive load torque of a predetermined magnitude to the front wheels and / or the rear wheels of the electric prime mover, while the driving force is partially or totally applied to the electric prime mover by the power of the battery according to the setting condition. And increase or decrease the load torque to achieve a slope running condition.

Description

{Method of Setting the Condition of Incline Driving in Dynamo System}

1 is a schematic diagram showing a process of changing load torque for setting driving conditions on a flat and upward slope according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a process of changing load torque for setting driving conditions on a flat, upward and downward slope according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

3 is a series of formulas showing the calculation of braking load torque for a slope to set the driving conditions of the electric prime mover in the dynamometer so as to meet the actual driving conditions;

4 is an example in which the load torque is calculated in the driving schedule and the driving conditions set by the dynamometer at arbitrary conditions through the calculation process of FIG. 3;

5 is a schematic diagram of one exemplary chassis dynamometer that may perform the method of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method of setting a driving condition for an inclined surface in an electric motor dynamo system, and more particularly, a two-wheeled or three-wheeled prime mover that is provided with driving force partially or totally by a battery when driving an electric prime mover (electric prime mover). In the test of the operation performance of the battery, the method is to set the test conditions to obtain a result comparable to the load test in the ascending and downward slope conditions as well as flat.

As secondary batteries rapidly develop, various prime movers using them as power sources have been developed. As a representative example, an electric vehicle using electricity of a secondary battery as a power source, a hybrid vehicle using a secondary battery and an engine together, and the like can be given. In addition, a technique has been developed that uses electricity at least partially in two- or three-wheeled prime movers such as bicycles and motorcycles, and some have been commercialized.

In general, when a secondary battery for a prime mover is developed, in order to prevent a problem or danger that may occur by accurately determining the operation state, lifespan, and durability of the secondary battery, the battery is connected to the prime mover and subjected to various tests.

While the technology for test equipment in four-wheel prime movers, such as automobiles, has reached a considerable level, test equipment in two- or three-wheel prime movers is hardly developed or at an early stage.

For example, in order to test an electric prime mover based on a front-wheel driven PAS (power assist system) using a chassis dynamometer, which has been partially developed in relation to a two- or three-wheel prime mover, the front and rear wheels are separated from the prime mover. Since it had to be carried out in a test manner on one roller, the test work was very inconvenient and difficult to obtain the same results as in the actual load test.

When driving a road by actually driving an electric motor, it is often necessary to travel up or down a predetermined slope as well as a flat plain with little inclination. Such inclined driving requires a higher power than flat driving, and in the case of an electric motor in which the secondary battery provides driving power at least partially, such a secondary battery operates in a very different state in the flat driving conditions. Therefore, a secondary battery configured to exhibit an optimal operating state in a flat driving condition may not have a desired effect in an actual road test. However, unlike flat driving conditions, setting the slope driving conditions to be tested in a dynamo system is technically very challenging.

Some prior art discloses a driving test apparatus for testing driving force for a prime mover such as an electric bicycle, but does not provide any information for setting driving conditions comparable to the road test as described above.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1998-332541 relates to a performance test apparatus for a power assist cycle, and discloses a content relating to an output computer for controlling a load of a chassis dynamometer, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1996-313373 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-074792 discloses a load device for applying a predetermined load to a driving part of a vehicle in relation to a method for measuring driving rotational force for a vehicle equipped with a power assist mechanism. Disclosed is a device for absorbing a running load as a test device for driving.

That is, while the above techniques disclose a device for testing the driving force of an electric bicycle, the performance of the secondary battery in a two- or three-wheeled motor using a secondary battery may be tested under the same or very similar conditions as in the actual load test. It is not disclosed or taught how to set the driving conditions, in particular the inclined driving conditions.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and the technical problems that have been requested from the past.

That is, an object of the present invention, when testing an electric motor equipped with a secondary battery using a dynamometer, it is possible to implement a driving condition similar to the road test performed outdoors, and to provide the data necessary for testing the electric motor indoors It is to provide a method for setting the driving conditions, in particular, the slope driving conditions that can be obtained with an accurate value.

In order to achieve this object, the method for setting the inclined plane driving condition according to the present invention is to provide the inclined plane driving condition as a driving condition in a two-wheeled or three-wheeled prime mover (electric prime mover) in which a driving force by a battery is partially or entirely provided when the prime mover is driven. A method of testing an operating performance of a drive battery, including a dynamometer, comprising: a front wheel or a rear wheel of the prime mover, with traveling driving force being partially or wholly applied to the prime mover according to a setting condition by a power source of the battery; It is composed of applying the positive load torque of a predetermined magnitude to the front wheel and the rear wheel to achieve a condition of driving on a flat surface, and increasing or decreasing the load torque to achieve a driving condition on an inclined surface.

Therefore, the driving condition setting method according to the present invention can be changed to the inclined driving condition by changing the state while continuously applying a predetermined load torque to the wheel of the electric motor, it is easy to operate the dynamometer for testing, It guarantees the same results as in the actual load test.

The test method according to the present invention, as described above, can be used in both two- or three-wheeled electric prime mover, which is partially or totally provided with driving force by the battery when driving the prime mover, particularly preferably to be applied to the test of two-wheeled electric prime mover Can be.

Representative examples of the two-wheeled electric prime mover include a scooter-type electric bicycle in which the power of the battery provides the driving force of the prime mover, and an electric bicycle of the PAS (Power Assist System) method in which the power of the battery partially supports the manual driving force. Although it is possible, it is not limited only to these.

The electric bicycle of the PAS method may be a method in which the electric driving force is supplied to the front wheel, the method to be supplied to the rear wheel, or the method to be simultaneously supplied to the front wheel and the rear wheel.

In the present invention, the inclined plane driving condition means a driving condition for an upward inclined plane, a downward inclined plane, or both.

In one preferred example, the change of the load torque in the inclined surface running conditions may be sequentially performed within the torque change range of a predetermined time before and after each of the start and end points of the inclined surface. This is set in consideration of the inertia of the wheel which is rotating with a positive load torque of a predetermined magnitude, which provides a result closer to the actual load test.

The time of the torque change range may be determined in consideration of the components of the dynamometer, in particular, the inertia of the roller that the wheel is in contact with and rotates, and may be, for example, in the range of 5 to 15 seconds. If the time gap for torque change is too small, the inertia of the rotor may not be reflected, so it may be different from the load test result. On the contrary, if the time gap is too large, the test result may be different from the actual slope condition. Therefore, it is not preferable.

Preferably, in the torque change range of the inclined plane start point and the inclined plane end point, the load torque may be configured to be continuously changed while having a gradient inflection point in the first half and the second half to be changed. By such a configuration, a result closer to the load test result can be obtained.

For example, the braking load torque that is increased or decreased in the driving conditions on the inclined surface may be expressed by the following equation.

Where

T represents the load torque (unit: Kgf · m) for braking;

N is the rotational speed (in rev./min) of the roller, which is a component of the dynamometer for testing the rotational force of the wheels of the electric motor;

v represents the traveling speed (km / hour) of the electric motor;

W means electric motor weight, driver weight and baggage weight (kgf);

θ represents the inclination angle of the inclined surface and is expressed by a positive (+) or negative (-) value.

The slope running condition is set by increasing the magnitude of the positive load torque applied for the flat running condition in the upward slope condition, and on the contrary, in the downward slope condition, the positive load torque for the flat running condition is increased. It is set by decreasing or changing to a negative load torque.

On the other hand, the flat driving is theoretically carried out under the condition that no external force is applied, but in reality, the force is applied in the opposite direction to the driving direction by various factors such as friction with the ground and air resistance. Therefore, the present invention is configured to apply a positive load torque of a predetermined magnitude to the dynamometer even under flat driving conditions, and the positive load torque under such flat driving conditions is based on the weight of the prime mover and the driver's body. The conditions, the weight of the baggage and the surface condition of the ground can be set in combination.

However, since the electric bicycle of the PAS method may be configured to be performed only by human driving force when driving on a flat surface, in this case, the positive load torque applied basically may be set to a very small value or to a value of zero.

The driving test according to the present invention can be performed on various dynamometers.

In one preferred embodiment, the dynamometer is a chassis dynamometer for testing the operation of the drive battery in a two- or three-wheeled electric prime mover, in which the driving force by the battery is provided in part or in whole upon driving the prime mover.

(a) a pair of rotating rollers (front wheel rotating roller and rear wheel rotating roller) each configured to be mounted in a rotatable state of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the object;

(b) a first electric drive that provides rotational driving force to the front wheel, or the rear wheel, or the front wheel and the rear wheel of the subject;

(c) a second electric drive unit providing load torque to the front wheel or the rear wheel of the object;

(d) a load portion for applying a load load to the object;

(e) a test battery unit supplying power to the first electric drive unit;

(f) a plurality of sensing units collecting driving or operating information of the object, the electric driving unit, the load unit, and the battery unit;

(g) a control unit which controls the driving or operation of the components and processes test information; And

(h) a display unit for displaying the information from the control unit by visual or auditory or visual and auditory information;

It is configured to include.

The chassis dynamometer is very easy to test because it is possible to put the electric motor directly on the chassis dynamometer and perform the test work without separating the front and rear wheels separately from the electric motor. Precise torque application ensures accurate test information on flat and slope conditions.

The second electric drive unit applying the load torque to the wheel may be composed of a powder brake for braking or a variable electric motor for providing acceleration force when necessary.

The second electric drive unit is configured to provide, for example, a basic positive load torque in the flat driving simulation and to provide an increased positive load torque in the upward slope driving simulation. Therefore, the second electric driver may implement the loads applied to the front wheel and the rear wheel in the test object as it is in actual road driving.

On the other hand, when driving up the inclined surface, since a large load is generated by gravity, in consideration of this, further increased positive load torque is applied to the second electric drive unit.

On the other hand, when driving down the slope, since the load applied to the electric motor is reduced or subjected to rotational force by gravity, the positive load torque applied to the second electric drive unit is reduced or negative ( -) Provide load torque. Due to the reduction of the positive load torque, the load torque may not be actually applied to the wheels.

When the test is performed on the electric bicycle of the PAS method, since the driving force (human driving force) provided by the human being is supported by the test battery unit (for example, the secondary battery), the third electric driving unit providing the human driving force is provided. It may be included in addition to the chassis dynamometer. The third electric drive unit is connected to enable rotation of the rear wheel, the front wheel, or the rear wheel and the front wheel, for example, mounted on a sprocket instead of a pedal in an electric bicycle to transmit rotational force to the corresponding wheel.

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In one preferred embodiment, the first electric drive and the third electric drive may be composed of an electric motor to provide rotational force to the corresponding portion, the second electric drive may be composed of a powder brake or a variable electric motor. .

The test battery unit is a secondary battery capable of input and output, preferably a lithium secondary battery.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a process of changing the load torque for setting the driving conditions on the flat and the upward slope according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, when continuously driving the first flat 200, the upward slope 210, and the second flat 220, a test may be performed using the chassis dynamometer of FIG. 5 as described later. At that time, the load torque according to the present invention is changed as in FIG.

First, in driving conditions of the first flat 200 and the second flat 220, the dynamometer (not shown) is the size (T ₁ , T on the front wheel, or rear wheel, or the front and rear wheels of the electric bicycle as the test object). ₃ ) Apply positive load torque. When there is no special additional condition, the load torque T ₁ applied to the first flat land 200 and the load torque T ₃ applied to the second flat land 220 are the same.

After traveling on the first flat surface 200, the running of the upward slope 210 of the starting point Sa and the ending point Sb is performed, and the load torque T ₁ at the time of traveling the first flat 200 is performed on the upward slope 210. A significantly increased load torque T ₂ is applied. When the slope α of the upward slope 210 is constant, the magnitude of the load torque T ₂ is constant at a predetermined value.

On the other hand, the change of the load torque at the start point Sa and the end point Sb of the upwardly inclined surface 210 is performed sequentially before and after the start point Sa and the end point Sb, for example, in a range of 10 seconds. Further, in such a load torque change range, the load torque is continuously changed with a gradient inflection point in the first half C ₁ and the second half C ₂ to be changed. Thus, more accurate test results in consideration of the inertia of the rotating body can be obtained.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of changing load torque for setting driving conditions on a flat surface, an inclined plane and an inclined plane according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The driving condition of FIG. 2 is different from the driving condition of FIG. 1 in that the driving of the downward inclined surface 250 continues immediately after the driving of the upward inclined surface 240.

The downward inclined surface 250 is inclined at an angle β with respect to the flat 230, and in this downward inclined surface 250, the driving force of the secondary battery and the human driving force required for driving the electric bicycle, which is a test object, are caused by gravity. It may be greatly reduced or even braked.

For example, when the inclination angle β of the downward slope 250 is small, the applied load torque T ₆ becomes smaller than the load torque T ₄ of the flat ground 230, as in the curve 300. do. The load torque is applied in spite of the driving of the downward inclined surface 250 because, as described above, the surface state of the inclined surface, the frictional force of the wheel, and the like may still work.

However, when the inclination angle β of the downwardly inclined surface 250 is large, as in the curve 310, a negative load torque T ₆ is applied or no load torque is applied at all. That is, the natural driving force generated by the gravity is to overcome the external force due to the surface state of the inclined surface, the frictional force of the wheel, and the like.

Of course, the torque change range having the gradient inflection point as described with reference to FIG. 1 is set even in the driving condition of the downward slope 250.

FIG. 3 discloses a process of calculating a braking load torque for an inclined surface for setting the driving conditions of the electric motor in the dynamometer so as to meet the actual driving conditions.

The calculation process of the load torque in Figure 3, those skilled in the art can be easily understood through related equations, the description thereof will be omitted.

 4 illustrates an example of calculating a load torque in a driving schedule and driving conditions set by the dynamometer at arbitrary conditions through the calculation process of FIG. 3.

Referring to FIG. 4, in a scooter-type bicycle, a very low basic load torque is set in a flat driving with an inclination angle of 0 degrees, and a high load torque is set as a driving condition in an upward slope driving.

On the other hand, in the electric bicycle of the PAS method, since the flat driving is configured to be performed only by the human driving force, the positive load torque applied by default is set to a value of zero.

5 is a schematic diagram of one exemplary chassis dynamometer capable of performing the method of the present invention. For ease of understanding, the chassis dynamometer is shown mounted in an electric bike as a test object.

Referring to FIG. 5, the chassis dynamometer 100 of the present invention includes a front wheel rotating roller 107, a rear wheel rotating roller 102, a front wheel driving motor 145 or a rear wheel driving motor 146 as a first electric drive unit, Powder brake or electric motor (not shown) as the second electric drive unit, AC motor 161 as the third electric drive unit, the load unit 103, the secondary battery 142 as the test battery unit, a plurality of sensing units (not shown) Not included), the control unit 151, the display unit 171, and the database 181 as a storage unit.

The front wheel rotating roller 107 is mounted to the LM block 131 which can move back and forth along the LM rail 130 installed on the frame 101, while the rear wheel rotating roller 102 is mounted on the frame 101. It is fixed at. Therefore, the positions of the rotating rollers 107 and 102 can be precisely adjusted in accordance with the distance between the front wheel 105 and the rear wheel 106 of the electric bicycle.

Only one front wheel drive motor 145 and the rear wheel drive motor 146 may be selectively installed or both may be installed depending on the type of electric bicycle. The drawings show all of them for ease of understanding.

Powder brakes or electric motors (not shown) are installed to provide load torque to the rear wheel 106, precisely the rear wheel rotating roller 102, of the electric bicycle. Therefore, in accordance with the signal from the controller 151, the necessary load torque is provided to the rear wheel rotating roller 102.

The AC motor 161 is able to transfer the driving force by a human in the PAS type electric bicycle test instead, using the V-belt or chain 109 as a rotational driving force transmission means while mounted on the frame 101 It is connected to the pedal or sprocket of the electric bicycle.

Supports the load unit 103 and the load unit 103 for applying a load corresponding to the weight of a person so that precise condition setting and stable testing can be performed while the electric bicycle is mounted on the chassis dynamometer 100. Support 104 to play a role, the rear wheel 106 in the test process to prevent the left and right shake prevention device 121, to prevent the shaking phenomenon in the left and right, auxiliary support 120 for supporting the shake prevention device 121 Is further included.

The chassis dynamometer 100 may be classified into a scooter type test method and a PAS type test method according to a test method.

First, in the scooter type test method, when a predetermined condition is input through the control input unit 140 so as to provide the driving power of the electric bicycle entirely with the power of the test battery 142 which is the secondary battery, the control signal is connected. It is transmitted to the test cell 142 through the member 141, the power generated in the test cell 142, through the front wheel connecting member 143 or the rear wheel connecting member 144, the front wheel, or the rear wheel, or the front wheel and the rear wheel Delivered to the drive motor 146.

Power transmitted to the front wheel, or the rear wheel, or the front and rear wheel drive motors 145 and 146 rotates the front wheel 105 and the rear wheel 106, and the rotational force of the roller 152 in contact with the rear wheel 106 The sensor (not shown) senses the detected signal and transmits the detected signal to the controller 151.

The information transmitted to the controller 151 is visually or audibly displayed on the display unit 171, and the measured data is stored in the database 181. For example, the rotational speed of the electric motor wheel is obtained by multiplying the rotational speed of the roller by the circumferential length of the roller.

In the PAS method, which is another battery test method, the driving force is transmitted to the driving roller 112 by the AC motor unit 161 in place of the force for rolling the wheel. The driving force transmitted to the driving roller 112 rotates the sprocket 108 of the electric bicycle through the V belt or the chain 109, and the rotational force is transmitted to the rear wheel 106 through the chain 110 to provide a rear wheel ( 106 is rotated.

Rotation of the rear wheel 106 rotates the rear wheel rotation roller 152 in contact with it, and in the case of the PAS method in which the driving motor operates only when the front wheel and the rear wheel rotate at the same time, the rotation force of the rear wheel rotation roller 152 is V. It is implemented by transmitting to the front wheel rotating roller 107 using the belt 111. In the same manner as described above, the detection signal is transmitted to the controller 151, and the information transmitted to the controller 151 is transmitted to the display unit 171 and the database 181.

The current, voltage, and discharge degree of the test battery 142 are transmitted to the control unit 151 to check the state of the test battery 142 in real time according to driving conditions of the electric bicycle such as speed, surface conditions such as slope, and the like. Can be.

Although the contents of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings according to some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains have various applications and modifications within the scope of the present invention. It will be possible to do this.

As described above, by using the driving condition setting method according to the present invention in the test method of the dynamometer, it is possible to implement a slope running condition similar to the road test performed outdoors when testing the electric motor equipped with a secondary battery, and indoors By testing electric motors of various types under predetermined setting conditions, necessary data can be obtained with accurate values.

Claims (11)

A method of setting a driving condition when testing an operating performance of a driving battery by a dynamometer in a two- or three-wheeled prime mover (electric prime mover) in which a driving force by the battery is partially or totally provided when driving the prime mover, wherein the driving force is the battery. A flat driving condition is achieved by applying a positive load torque of a predetermined magnitude to the front wheel, the rear wheel, or the front wheel and the rear wheel of the electric motor in a state in which the electric motor is partially or wholly applied according to the setting condition by the power supply of And increasing or decreasing the load torque to achieve an inclined plane running condition. The method of claim 1, wherein the change of the load torque in the inclined surface running condition is performed sequentially in a torque change range of a predetermined time before and after the start and end points of the inclined surface, respectively. Way. The method of claim 2, wherein the torque change range is performed in a time range of 5 to 15 seconds. 3. The slope running conditions of a dynamometer according to claim 2, characterized in that in the torque change range of the starting point and the ending point of the slope, the load torque is continuously changed with a gradient inflection point in the first half and the second half of the change. How to set up. The inclined driving conditions of the dynamometer according to claim 1, wherein the positive load torque is set in consideration of the weight of the prime mover, the weight of the driver, and optionally the surface state of the driving rod. How to set up. The method of claim 1, wherein the braking load torque that is increased or decreased in the slope driving condition is represented by the following equation:

Where T represents the load torque (unit: Kgf · m) for braking; N is the rotational speed (in rev./min) of the roller, which is a component of the dynamometer for testing the rotational force of the wheels of the electric motor; v represents the traveling speed (km / hour) of the electric motor; W means electric motor weight, driver weight and baggage weight (kgf); θ represents the inclination angle of the inclined surface and is expressed by a positive (+) or negative (-) value. The method of claim 1, The load torque in the downhill slope driving conditions of the slope running conditions is changed to less than the positive load torque of the flat driving conditions or negative (-) the torque, the method for setting the slope running conditions in the dynamometer . The method of claim 1, (a) a pair of rotary roller portions (front wheel rotary roller portion and rear wheel rotary roller portion) each configured such that the front wheel and the rear wheel of the prime mover can be mounted in a rotatable state; (b) a first electric drive for providing rotational driving force to the front or rear wheels of the prime mover; (c) a second electric drive for providing load torque to the front or rear wheels of the prime mover; (d) a load portion for applying a load load to the prime mover; (e) a test battery unit supplying power to the first electric drive unit; (f) a plurality of sensing units for collecting driving or operating information of the prime mover, electric drives, loads and battery units; (g) a control unit which controls the driving or operation of the components and processes test information; And (h) a display unit for displaying the information from the control unit by visual or auditory or visual and auditory information; Method for setting the slope running conditions in the dynamometer, characterized in that using a dynamometer comprising a. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the second electric drive is a powder brake or a variable electric motor providing acceleration. The slope driving condition of a dynamometer according to claim 8, wherein when the test is performed on a PAS type electric bicycle, a third electric drive unit for providing a human driving force is additionally included in the chassis dynamometer. How to set up. The method of claim 8, wherein the test battery unit is a lithium secondary battery capable of inputting and outputting. 10.

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