KR100872380B1 - The antenna assembly for direction finding considering equi-angle array configuration and reflected wave reduction, and radome with a inclined plane - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna assembly for detecting a direction and a slant radome are provided to perform an amplitude comparison direction detection by making equal angles between beam axes of an adjacent antenna by controlling an antenna directivity. A front panel is composed of an edge part and a slant surface. The edge part(33) is fixed along a circumference of an antenna mounting space. The slant surface(31) is integrated with the edge part to protrude as much as a predetermined angle with regard to the edge part. An absorber(34) of the rubber material is located in the rear side of the front panel, and the opening(35) is formed in the slant surface(100) corresponding to the slant surface of the front panel. A fixing plate(36) is located in the rear side of absorber. An opening(42) is formed in the slant surface(101) corresponding to the slant surface of the absorber. A plurality of antenna fixing bars are protruded in the rear side of the slant surface. A plurality of protrusions are protruded along the rear side boundary portion of the slant surface. A gasket is installed in the outer side of a plurality of protrusions. A rear frame(43) of a square frame type is fixed in the back of the fixing plate.

Description

The antenna assembly for direction finding considering equi-angle array configuration and reflected wave reduction, and radome with a inclined plane}

The present invention relates to a slope-shaped radome and a direction detecting antenna assembly in consideration of conformal arrangement and reflection reduction, and the following three technical features may be applied separately or in combination with each other.

1) On a platform (vehicle, helicopter, aircraft, etc.) having four or six non conformal spiral antenna mounting spaces, for example, when a spiral antenna having a directivity in the axial direction is installed in the mounting space, it is adjacent to each other. Design technology for deforming or adjusting the faceplate of the radome to an appropriate shape so that the internal angles between the normals of the angular spiral antennas that are arranged in such a way are maintained at 60 ° or 90 °.

2) The use of rubber-like absorbers to minimize the distortion of beams reflected from the surface of the platform or entering the spiral antenna on the surface of the platform.

3) Design and fabrication technology of radome which protect and fix spiral antenna and absorber from external environment and have good power transmission characteristics in 9: 1 band.

More specifically, in a platform where an even number of spiral antennas are installed (for example, four or six), an antenna mounting space is given to the platform at an unequal angle and the platform (vehicle, helicopter, aircraft, etc.) When it is difficult to change the structure of the structure, a part of the front plate of the radome covering the front side of the spiral antenna is formed by an inclined slope that is inclined at a predetermined angle, so that all the cabinet angles between the normals that cross each other when the normal perpendicular to the inclined surface are extended The material, thickness, and shape of rubber materials or other components other than these absorbers are used to conform and to minimize the distortion of beams inevitably caused by reflected waves reflected from the surface or surrounding structures of the platform. Etc. by optimizing the low loss characteristics, excellent sealing characteristics, vibration and shock resistance even at 9: 1 broadband A slope-shaped radome to have a durable and relates to an antenna assembly employing the same.

Conventional amplitude comparison direction detection systems extend the beam axis (or normal) of each antenna (assembly) when four or six antennas (assemblies) are mounted on a platform (vehicle, aircraft, helicopter, etc.). When it intersects, it equilibrates so that the interior angle may become 90 degrees or 60 degrees, and can receive a signal with respect to 360 degrees.

In addition, in order to reduce the influence of the reflected wave reflected from the structure around the antenna (assembly) or the external environment such as wind, the dome-shaped radome mainly covers the front side of the antenna.

As such, the amplitude comparison direction detection system is provided by mounting four or six spiral antennas having a wide beam width and directivity in the y-axis direction, for example, in an antenna mounting space arranged in the tangential direction of the platform as shown in FIG. When the internal angles between the beam axes of the spiral antennas are all equi-angle, that is, when the internal axes of adjacent antennas are extended to intersect with each other, the internal angles between these axial axes are 90 ° or 60 ° so that the internal angles of the spiral antennas are 360 °. Is a system for receiving a signal and predicting the input direction of the signal by using an amplitude deviation of a beam received from an adjacent angular antenna.

In such an amplitude comparison direction detection system, the conformal arrangement of each antenna and the pattern of the antenna beam without distortion are very important factors.

Therefore, in order to stably receive a signal, an antenna (assembly) structure capable of maximally blocking the influence of reflected waves as well as an isotropic arrangement must be provided, and the manufacturing condition of the radome providing electrical low loss and low distortion is a prerequisite. In particular, in the case of the antenna front panel constituting the radome, if the communication can be made sufficiently between the platform designer and the direction detection system designer, it is possible to consider mounting the antenna from the platform design. It may be placed in an isometric position, but if this is not the case, for example, when the platform is introduced from abroad, it is necessary to align the direction finder (ie the antenna assembly) in the extra space given to the platform. It is almost impossible to do.

For this reason, conventionally, the reflected wave reflected by the structure around the antenna is introduced into the antenna and distortion of the antenna beam pattern is inevitably generated.

The antenna assembly installed in the antenna mounting space of the platform is composed of an antenna and a radome.

A radome is a device that protects the antenna from the external environment without compromising the electrical characteristics of the antenna. When designing a radome, mechanical problems related to the material, structure, and shape of components as well as electrical problems related to electromagnetic waves must be considered. do.

In general, since the direction detection system (receiver) operating in a wide frequency band uses a wide beam, a spiral antenna is mainly used as an antenna for receiving a signal, and the front side of the antenna is protected to protect the antenna from the influence of the external environment. Covered with radome.

Typically, the radome is divided into a dome type and a flat type, wherein the planar type has an opening surface of the antenna very close to the front face or the front plate of the radome.

The dome type radome is aerodynamically superior on high speed platforms, but has a disadvantage of being behind the planar radome in obtaining a wide beam width in a wide frequency band. On the other hand, the planar radome has excellent electrical characteristics, but aerodynamically, the disadvantage is that the structure is more friction than the dome type.

According to the present invention, when the antenna mounting space is given to the platform at an isometric angle, for example, the front plate of the planar radome is modified to adjust the antenna orientation angle so that the beam axes of adjacent antennas are all equiangular, so that the amplitude is relatively accurate. It is an object to provide an antenna assembly capable of performing comparative direction detection.

To this end, the following technical challenges should be considered.

First, the front (plate) of the radome ensures that the beam axis (orientation angle) of the angular antenna mounted at an isometric angle on the platform is equilibrium and that the reflected waves reflected from the platform surface are not received by the antenna as much as possible. Geometry and Structural Design.

Second, radome design and fabrication technology with stable electrical performance in 9: 1 broadband.

Third, the use of absorbers and shape design techniques to reduce the distortion of the beam due to reflected waves from the platform surface and surface currents of the platform surface.

Fourth, the fixing technology of the absorber to be as close as possible to the front surface of the radome so that the absorber can achieve a given performance, and on the other hand to prevent corrosion when exposed to the external environment for a long time.

The present invention for achieving the above object and technical problem, the front panel inclined a portion of the surface at a predetermined angle to prevent the distortion of the beam due to the direct reflection of the surrounding structure and the adjustment for the isometric arrangement between the antenna, the reflected wave around the antenna And an antenna fixing means configured to withstand the surface current flowing through the surface of the front plate, a fixing means for protecting the absorber and the antenna from the external environment, and an antenna fixing means configured to withstand the antenna from external vibration and impact. do.

According to the present invention having such a feature, it is possible to obtain a radome and antenna assembly having excellent electrical characteristics in a wide frequency range of 9: 1.

Specifically, a radome used when a plurality of antenna mounting spaces are given to the platform at an isometric angle, and a portion corresponding to the antenna aperture of the spiral antenna positioned in the antenna mounting space is It is characterized by the fact that it is a slope inclined at a predetermined angle.

In addition, it is preferable to further include an absorber of rubber material having an opening of a size corresponding to the antenna opening surface.

In addition, preferably, it is further provided with a prevention surface in contact with the slope while the one side and the one side edge is in contact.

More preferably, in the frequency band where the upper frequency and the lower frequency of the frequency band becomes 9: 1, the material, shape, thickness, and the like of the components are manufactured in such a manner that the insertion loss of -1 dB or less is exhibited. .

The most preferable structure is mentioned, for example in the Example mentioned later.

And according to another aspect of the present invention, for example, by combining the spiral antenna to the four-sided radome of the above-described configuration, it is possible to provide a direction detecting antenna assembly in consideration of the conformal arrangement configuration and the reflection wave reduction.

According to the present invention, in a given antenna mounting structure, a plurality of antennas can be easily conformally arranged without changing the structure of the platform, and some reflected waves that can be introduced into the antennas can be blocked, and rubber absorbers are mounted around the antennas. It is possible to reduce the surface current of the platform that can be drawn through the antenna aperture.

In addition, it exhibits good electrical characteristics in the 9: 1 broadband, and can effectively protect the antenna from the external environment.

In addition, by adjusting the fixed position of the antenna, it is possible to optimize the distance between the opening surface of the antenna and the radome. From this, a plurality of antenna beam patterns can be obtained stably.

In addition, even if the physical distances between adjacent antennas are different, normals perpendicular to each antenna, that is, the internal angles between the beam axes are equiangular, thereby ensuring direction detection accuracy of the received signal.

As a result, it is possible to apply the present technology to similar equipment such as radar repair and repair equipment, as well as reducing the cost of not restructuring the platform.

Hereinafter, the features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims are described based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of terms in order to explain the invention in his best way. It must be interpreted as meanings and concepts corresponding to ideas. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

Term Definition

In the present specification, "radom" refers to a four-sided radome of the surface of the conventional planar radome protruding so that the protruding surface portion is inclined at a constant angle.

In addition, the "isometric arrangement" means that a plurality of antennas installed on the platform have different distances, but the cabinets between these normals are extended when they cross and extend normals (i.e., the beam axes of the antennas) in a direction perpendicular to each antenna. This means that the antenna array structure is the same.

In addition, "non- conformal arrangement" means an antenna arrangement structure in which a cabinet having an angle different from the rest exists among a plurality of cabinets formed by intersections of normals of the antennas.

In addition, "antenna" means a spiral antenna.

FIG. 1 compares and illustrates an ideal installation state in which four antennas are mounted and an installation state of an antenna assembly having a slope-shaped radome constructed in accordance with the present invention. , Helicopter, aircraft, etc.). Reference numerals 2, 3, 4, and 5 may ideally be antenna mounting spaces given to the platform or antenna assemblies or antennas installed in such mounting spaces, which are assumed to be antenna assemblies.

As shown in the figure, in the case where four antenna assemblies are installed on the platform 1, the most ideal installation state is that the antenna assemblies 2, 3, 4, and 5 are mounted on the platform at 90 ° equidistant intervals, respectively.

As shown in Fig. 1, the antenna assemblies 2, 3, 4, and 5 are mounted at 90 ° equidistant intervals, as shown in FIG. , 16,17) all mean 90 °. Here, the y-axis refers to an arrow shown in the form of penetrating the antenna assembly (2, 3, 4, 5), in the ideal case, the y-axis may be a beam axis, a normal line or an antenna direction axis. .

However, when the antenna mounting spaces 7, 9, 11, 13 are given at an equiangular angle to the platform 1, as shown in Fig. 1, the internal angles 18, 19, 20, 21 between the normals of the antenna mounting spaces are It cannot maintain a 90 ° equilibrium. Therefore, in this structure, amplitude comparison direction detection using the amplitude difference between adjacent beams is virtually impossible.

If the direction detection system designer can arbitrarily change the structure of the platform and arrange the antenna mounting space at the positions 2, 3, 4, and 5, the most ideal antenna characteristic will be obtained. This is not possible due to mechanical problems.

In this embodiment, in the antenna mounting spaces 7, 9, 11, and 13 given at an equiangular angle, the direction of the antenna is adjusted, for example, as shown in FIG. By adjusting the angles 22, 23, 24, 25 so that they are rotated, the internal angles between the orientation axes 26, 27, 28, 29) all have a 90 ° equilibrium.

Here, the adjustment of the directing axis can be achieved by using a sloped radome 6,8,1 0,12 which protrudes a part of the front plate of the planar radome of the radome covering the front side of the antenna and is inclined by the above-mentioned directivity angle. .

2 to 4 respectively show the configuration of the antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view from the front side, Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view from the rear side, Figure 4 is assembled The following is a perspective view.

As shown in these figures, the antenna assembly of this embodiment consists of a four-sided radome and an antenna. The four-sided radome is located on the front plate 30, the absorber 34 of the rubber material located on the rear surface side of the front plate, the fixed plate 36 located on the rear surface side of the absorber, and located behind the fixed plate. It is composed of a rear frame (43). In addition, an antenna fixing means 45 for fixing the antenna is later coupled to the rear side of the fixing plate 36.

As shown in the figure, the front plate 30 is composed of a slope 31 and an edge portion 33 extending flat along the circumference of the slope 31, the edge portion 33 A plurality of screw holes 32 are formed in the hole. In the present embodiment, the front plate is made of S-2 fiber reinforced polymeric composite material so as to have an insertion loss characteristic of less than -1 dB at a broadband of 9: 1 in consideration of electrical performance. wall) structure. That is, the slope 31 is made very thin in consideration of the frequency characteristics, but the remaining portion except for the slope 31, for example, the edge portion 33 is made sufficiently thick in consideration of durability. On the other hand, a seating groove 47 is formed on the rear surface of the front plate. The seating groove prevents corrosion that may occur when the absorber 34 of the rubber material is exposed to the external environment for a long time. In addition to the protection function, it is possible to perform the absorber fixing function.

The absorber 34 of rubber material is used to minimize external influences by attenuating the amount of reflected waves or surface currents coming into the antenna.

In general, when the antenna assemblies are arranged at an angle, the wider the side between the antennas, the easier the beam is reflected by the surrounding structure. Therefore, as compared to an ideal installation structure in which the antenna assemblies 2, 3, 4, 5 are conformally disposed in the normal direction of the platform as shown in FIG. 1, and the antenna aperture 46 is projected outward in consideration of the influence of the reflected wave, Much more vulnerable to echo problems. The present invention has widely used absorbers to minimize these effects. That is, in the antenna assembly using the dome-shaped radome, it is common to treat only the edge portion of the radome for mounting the antenna on the platform as an absorber. In order to exclude as much as possible, the entire back surface of the front plate 30 was treated with a rubber type absorber. This absorber 34 is bonded to the fixed plate 36 behind it. Thereafter, the absorber 34 is brought into close contact with the seating groove 47 of the front plate 30, and then the screw is screwed into the screw holes 32 and 38 so that the front plate 30, the absorber 34, and the fixing plate 36 are closed. ) Is assembled integrally. Here, reference numeral 35 denotes an opening punched in the center of the slope 100 of the absorber so as to correspond to the antenna aperture 46.

The fixed plate 36 is also inclined at a constant inclination angle 37, similar to the front plate and the absorber described above, is formed, the opening 42 is perforated in the central area of the slope 101. In addition, the prevention surface 40 which is in contact with the slope 101 while the one side edge is in contact with the slope 101 may be input toward the antenna from the direction in which the prevention surface faces. It is inclined at a constant inclination angle 41 so as to effectively prevent the reflected wave. Further, a plurality of antenna fixing rods 49 having screw holes protrude from the rear surface side of the inclined surface 101 of the fixing plate, and the rear surface side boundary between the inclined surface 101 and the prevention surface. A plurality of projections 48 for fixing a receiving device (not shown) protrude along the portion, and a gasket 50 in consideration of watertightness is provided outside the projections. Here, reference numerals 38 and 39 denote screw holes. In addition, the projection 48 has a screw hole, through which the antenna 53 and the receiving device can be fastened.

The antenna 53 is fixed by fastening the three screw holes on the rear side and the three holes 52 of the fixing means 45. The fixing means 45 is again equipped with four antenna fixing rods 49 and a fixed number. The four holes 51 formed in the end 45 are fastened to be fixed to the rear surface side of the fixing plate 36. On the other hand, when the antenna fixing rod 49 and the hole 51 is fastened, by inserting a spring washer between these components, the mounting position of the antenna can be slightly adjusted back and forth according to the number of spring washers used, the antenna and the front The electrical performance by the gap between the plates can be optimized.

According to this configuration, the antenna opening surface 46 is a slope according to the present embodiment through the opening 35 of the absorber and the opening 42 of the fixing plate which are perforated to the same diameter as the opening surface 46 of the antenna 53. It is located very close to the slope 31 of the front plate of the type radome. In other words, the center axis of the antenna opening surface is mounted in a direction coinciding with the normal of the slope-shaped radome.

On the other hand, the rear frame 43 formed in the form of a rectangular frame serves to enable the front plate 30 to be stably fixed to the platform, for example, the screw hole 44 and the front plate formed in the rear frame The antenna assembly of the present embodiment can be mounted to the platform by aligning and screwing the screw holes 39 of the fixing plate to which the screw holes and the absorbers are attached. 4 is a view showing an antenna assembly in which only the assembly to the platform is left, and the antenna opening surface 46 and the absorber 34 are completely isolated from the external environment by the front plate 30.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of a 90 ° isometric arrangement using four antenna assemblies according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna assembly according to the present invention seen from the front side.

3 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 2 seen from the rear side.

4 is an assembled view of the antenna assembly shown in FIG.

[Description of the code]

One… platform

2,3,4,5... Antenna assembly

6,8,10,12... Four-Ray Radom

7,9,11,13... Antenna mounting space

14,15,16,17... cabinet

18,19,20,21 ... Cabinet (non-isometric)

22,23,24,25... Adjusted aiming angle

26,27,28,29... cabinet

30... Front panel

31,100,101 ... Slope

32,38,39,44... Screw hole (or hole)

33... Border

34... Absorber

35,42... Opening

36... Fixed plate

37,41... Tilt angle

40... Resistant cotton

43.. Rear frame

45... Fixing means

46... Antenna aperture

47... Home

48... spin

49... Antenna fixing rod

50... Gasket

51,52... hall

53... antenna

Claims (6)

As a four-sided radome 6, 8, 10, 12 used when a plurality of antenna mounting spaces 7, 9, 11, 13 are given to the platform 1 at an isometric angle. , The sloped radome (6, 8, 10, 12), The edge portion 33 fixed to the periphery of the antenna mounting space (7, 9, 11, 13), and the edge portion 33 so as to protrude in a form inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the edge portion 33 and A front plate 30 formed of an integrally formed slope 31; An absorber 34 of a rubber material positioned on a rear surface side of the front plate 30 and having an opening 35 formed on a slope 100 corresponding to the slope 31 of the front plate 30; An opening 42 is formed on a slope 101 that is located on the back surface side of the absorber 34 and corresponds to the slope 100 of the absorber 34, and a plurality of antennas are provided on the back surface side of the slope 101. A fixing plate protruding from the fixing bar, and a plurality of protrusions 48 protruding along the rear side boundary of the slope 101, and a gasket 50 installed outside the plurality of protrusions 48; And A rear frame 43 having a rectangular frame shape located at the rear of the fixing plate 36; Sloped radome, characterized in that consisting of. delete The method of claim 1, The fixing plate 36, In order to prevent the reflected wave from being input to the spiral antenna positioned in the antenna mounting spaces 7, 9, 11, and 13, one side edge is in contact with the slope 101, and the slope 101 is opposed to the slope 101. Slope type radome, characterized in that it further comprises a prevention surface (40). The method according to claim 1 or 3, The four-sided radome, Sloped radome with an insertion loss of -1 dB or less in the frequency band where the upper frequency and the lower frequency of the frequency band are 9: 1. delete An antenna assembly comprising a spiral antenna (53) coupled to a rear surface side of a fixing plate (36) of the four-sided radome according to claim 1, using a fixing means (45).

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