KR100857697B1 - ethod of manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel added low Ni for improving hot workability - Google Patents

ethod of manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel added low Ni for improving hot workability Download PDF

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KR100857697B1
KR100857697B1 KR1020060137010A KR20060137010A KR100857697B1 KR 100857697 B1 KR100857697 B1 KR 100857697B1 KR 1020060137010 A KR1020060137010 A KR 1020060137010A KR 20060137010 A KR20060137010 A KR 20060137010A KR 100857697 B1 KR100857697 B1 KR 100857697B1
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hot workability
stainless steel
austenitic stainless
less
ethod
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KR20080061861A (en
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이용득
이종석
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주식회사 포스코
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2202/00—Physical properties

Abstract

본 발명은 고가인 Ni를 Mn과 Cu로 대체한 Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강으로서 질량 %로 C: 0.10% 이하, N: 0.30% 이하, Ni: 3.0 ~ 5.0%, Mn: 4 ~ 10%, Cr: 14.0 ~ 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 ~ 3.0%를 함유하고 기타 Fe 및 불가피한 원소로 이루어진 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강을 열간 압연시 열간 가공성을 하기의 관계식을 이용하여 그 수치가 60 이상이 되도록 Cu와 Mn의 함량을 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 제조방법을 제공한다. The present invention is a Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel in which expensive Ni is replaced with Mn and Cu in terms of mass%, C: 0.10% or less, N: 0.30% or less, Ni: 3.0 to 5.0%, Mn: 4 to 10%, When austenitic stainless steels containing Cr: 14.0 to 18.0% and Cu: 1.0 to 3.0%, and other Fe and unavoidable elements, are hot rolled, the Cu and It provides a method for producing Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel, characterized in that to control the content of Mn.

열간가공성 = - 63.61 ― 4.77×Cu ＋ 40.35×Mn ― 3.08 ×Mn×MnHot workability =-63.61-4.77 x Cu + 40.35 x Mn-3.08 x Mn x Mn

스테인리스, 고망간, 니켈 저감, 열간 가공성 Stainless steel, high manganese, nickel reduction, hot workability

Description

열간가공성이 우수한 니켈 저감형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 제조방법{ethod of manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel added low Ni for improving hot workability}  Ethod of manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel added low Ni for improving hot workability}

도 1은 Cu와 Mn의 함량에 따른 열간 가공성 변화를 나타내는 그래프로 열간가공성 확보를 위한 Cu와 Mn 성분의 적정 첨가 범위를 도시한 도면이다. 1 is a graph showing the change in hot workability according to the content of Cu and Mn is a view showing the proper addition range of the Cu and Mn components for ensuring the hot workability.

본 발명은 열간가공성이 우수한 니켈 저감형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 열간가공성이 우수한 자동차, 건축 장식관, 주방용 등에 사용되는 스테인리스강에서 고가의 Ni을 저감가능하면서 또한 열간 및 냉간 가공성이 우수하고 고 강도를 확보할 수 있는 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing nickel-reduced austenitic stainless steel having excellent hot workability, and more particularly, to reduce expensive Ni in stainless steel used in automobiles, building decorative pipes, and kitchens with excellent hot workability. The present invention relates to a method for producing austenitic stainless steel having excellent hot and cold workability and ensuring high strength.

종래 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강으로서는 304강이 대표되며 스테인리스강 중에서 광범위의 용도에 가장 많이 사용되는 재료로서 가공성과 내식성이 우수한 특징이 있다. 그러나 304강은 8% 이상의 Ni를 함유하고 있기 때문에 고가라는 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점 때문에 값비싼 Ni의 일부를 Mn 등의 오스테나이트 안정화 원소로 대체한 강종 201, 202, 204 강 등이 생산되고 있다. 이러한 강종은 Ni을 Mn 등으로 대체하여 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 주요 특징인 비자성을 확보하고 있으나 Cu의 첨가에 따라 열간 가공성의 악화로 열연 제조 공정에서 문제점들이 발견되고 있다. Conventionally, austenitic stainless steel is represented by 304 steel and is a material most used in a wide range of applications among stainless steels, and has excellent characteristics of workability and corrosion resistance. However, 304 steel is expensive because it contains more than 8% Ni. Due to these drawbacks, steel grades 201, 202, 204, etc., in which a part of expensive Ni is replaced with austenite stabilizing elements such as Mn, are produced. These steels have replaced non-Mn with Mn to secure nonmagnetic properties, which are the main characteristics of austenitic stainless steels, but problems have been found in the hot rolling process due to deterioration of hot workability due to the addition of Cu.

본 발명은 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로, 특히 Ni을 중량 %로 5%이내로 억제하고 이의 대체성분으로서 Cu 및 Mn을 추가하되 상기 Cu, Mn의 성분 첨가량에 따른 열간 가공성의 변화를 조사하여 가장 최적의 Cu, Mn의 첨가량을 확보하여 Ni을 저감하면서도 우수한 열간 가공성을 확보할 수 있는 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, in particular, Ni is suppressed to less than 5% by weight and adding Cu and Mn as an alternative component thereof by investigating the change in hot workability according to the addition amount of the Cu, Mn An object of the present invention is to provide an austenitic stainless steel that can secure excellent hot workability while reducing Ni by securing the most optimal amount of Cu and Mn.

본 발명은 상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 중량 %로 C: 0.10% 이하, N: 0.30% 이하, Ni: 3.0 ~ 5.0%, Mn: 4 ~ 10%, Cr: 14.0 ~ 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 ~ 3.0%를 함유하고 기타 Fe 및 불가피한 원소로 이루어진 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강을 열간 압연시 하기의 관계식을 이용하여 열간가공성이 60이상으로 되도록 Mn과 Cu의 함량을 조절하여 열간가공성이 우수한 Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강을 제공하는 것을 특징으로 하며, 본 열간가공성 조절 관계식은 하기 (1)과 같다.The present invention, in order to achieve the above object, by weight% C: 0.10% or less, N: 0.30% or less, Ni: 3.0 ~ 5.0%, Mn: 4 ~ 10%, Cr: 14.0 ~ 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 ~ Ni-saving austenite with excellent hot workability by adjusting the Mn and Cu content to make the hot workability 60 or more by using the following equation when hot rolling austenitic stainless steel containing 3.0% and other Fe and unavoidable elements It is characterized in that to provide a stainless steel, this hot workability control relation is as follows (1).

열간가공성 = -63.61 ― 4.77×Cu + 40.35×Mn ― 3.08×Mn×Mn --- (1)Hot workability = -63.61-4.77 x Cu + 40.35 x Mn-3.08 x Mn x Mn --- (1)

이하 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

본 발명자들은 Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 합금조성과 열간 가공성의 상관 관계를 연구한 결과 Mn, Cu 함량을 적절히 조정함으로써 고가의 Ni을 절감하면서 열간가공성을 확보할 수 있음을 밝혀 내었다. 따라서 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 중량 %로 C: 0.10% 이하, N: 0.30% 이하, Ni: 3.0 ~ 5.0%, Mn: 4 ~ 10%, Cr: 14.0 ~ 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 ~ 3.0%를 함유하고 기타 Fe 및 불가피한 원소로 이루어진 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강에서 열간 압연 시의 열간 가공성과 합금 원소 Mn, Cu 함량의 관계식을 밝혀 내었다. The present inventors have studied the correlation between the alloy composition and the hot workability of the Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel and found that it is possible to secure hot workability while reducing expensive Ni by appropriately adjusting Mn and Cu contents. Therefore, in order to achieve the object of the present invention by weight% C: 0.10% or less, N: 0.30% or less, Ni: 3.0 to 5.0%, Mn: 4 to 10%, Cr: 14.0 to 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 to 3.0 The relationship between the hot workability during hot rolling and the alloying elements Mn and Cu content in austenitic stainless steels containing% and other Fe and unavoidable elements was found.

그리고 이와 같은 관계식의 값을 60 이상이 되도록 Cu와 Mn의 함량을 조절할 경우 열간가공성이 현저히 개선되는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 이하에서는 열간가공성 지수로 칭하기로 한다. 이와 같은 열간가공성 지수는 하기 관계식 (1)과 같다. And it was confirmed that the hot workability is remarkably improved when the content of Cu and Mn is adjusted to 60 or more. This will be referred to as hot work index below. Such hot workability index is shown in the following relation (1).

열간가공성 = - 63.61 ― 4.77×Cu + 40.35×Mn ― 3.08×Mn×Mn ---- (1)Hot workability =-63.61-4.77 x Cu + 40.35 x Mn-3.08 x Mn x Mn ---- (1)

다음은 본 발명에서의 조성범위 한정이유를 설명하기로 한다. Next, the reason for limiting the composition range in the present invention will be described.

C : 오스테나이트 형성원소이며 과다 첨가시 Cr과 반응하여 크롬탄화물을 생 성 시키어 내식성을 저하시킴과 동시에 성형성과 연신율을 저하시키므로 가능한 낮은 함량인 0. 10% 이하가 바람직하다. C: It is an austenite forming element. When excessively added, it reacts with Cr to generate chromium carbide, which lowers corrosion resistance and decreases moldability and elongation. Therefore, a low content of 0.1% or less is preferable.

N : 오스테나이트상을 안정화 시키는 원소로서 Ni원소를 대체하는 원소로서 강도와 내공식성을 향상 시키는 이점은 있으나 다량 첨가할 경우에 주조과정에서 질소에 의한 기공이 발생될 수 있으므로 본 발명강에서는 0.30% 이하로 제한한다. N: As an element to stabilize the austenite phase as an element that replaces the Ni element, it has the advantage of improving the strength and pitting resistance, but when a large amount is added, pores by nitrogen may be generated in the casting process, so 0.30% It limits to the following.

Ni : 오스테나이트 안정화 원소로 Mn, Cu, N에 의해 부분적으로 대체되나 상안정성을 비롯한 물리 화학적 특성의 확보를 위하여 3% 이상 첨가하며 Ni 절감의 목적상 5% 로 한정한다. Ni: Austenitic stabilizing element, which is partially replaced by Mn, Cu, N but is added more than 3% to secure physicochemical properties including phase stability and limited to 5% for the purpose of Ni reduction.

Mn : 오스테나이트상 안정화 원소로서 Ni를 대체하기 위한 목적으로 4% 이상 첨가하며 10% 이상 과다하게 첨가되는 경우 내식성과 냉간가공성이 저하되므로 10%를 상한으로 한다.Mn: 4% or more is added to replace Ni as an austenite stabilizing element. When 10% or more is added, the corrosion resistance and cold workability are deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit is 10%.

Cr : 스테인리스강의 부동태 피막형성을 촉진하는 원소로서 내식성을 확보하기 위하여 14% 이상의 첨가가 필요하고 과다하게 첨가하는 경우 페라이트상 생성원소이므로 과다한 델타 페라이트(δ-ferrite)상이 잔존하여 열간가공성을 저하시키므로 18%를 상한으로 한다.Cr: As an element promoting the formation of passivation film of stainless steel, more than 14% is required to secure corrosion resistance, and when it is added excessively, ferrite phase is generated, so excessive delta ferrite phase remains, which deteriorates hot workability. The upper limit is 18%.

Cu : Ni 대체원소로서 오스테나이트상을 안정화 시키고 Ni과 같이 강을 연질화 시키는 원소이므로 1% 이상 필요하며 과다 첨가시 내식성과 열간가공성이 저하되므로 3% 이하로 제한한다.Cu: Ni is an alternative element to stabilize the austenite phase and to soften steels like Ni. Therefore, it is needed more than 1%. It is limited to 3% or less because of excessive corrosion resistance and hot workability.

S : 미량의 불순물 원소로서 결정입계에 편석되어 열간압연 시 가공크랙을 일으키는 주원소이기 때문에 가능한 낮은 함량인 0.005% 이하로 제한한다.S: As a small amount of impurity element, it is segregated at the grain boundary and is a main element that causes work cracks during hot rolling.

이하 본 발명의 실시예를 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

(실시예)(Example)

본 발명에서는 반응 표면 분석법을 사용하여 설계한 실험에 사용된 스테인리스강의 조성과 900℃에서의 단면적 감소율(RA; Reduction of Area)은 표 1과 같으며 Mn, Cu 함량에 따른 RA를 분석하여 61.7%의 수정상관관계(R2 adj)를 가지는 식(1)의 상관관계식를 도출하였다. In the present invention, the composition of the stainless steel used in the experiment designed using the response surface analysis method and the reduction rate of cross-sectional area (RA; Reduction of Area) at 900 ° C are shown in Table 1, and 61.7% by analyzing the RA according to Mn and Cu content. The correlation of Eq. (1) with the modified correlation (R 2 adj ) of was derived.

도1은 식(1)을 도식화한 그림으로 Cu와 Mn 함량 변화에 따른 900℃에서의 단면적 감소율 변화를 나타내고 있다.FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Equation (1), and shows the change in cross-sectional area reduction rate at 900 ° C. according to the Cu and Mn contents.

발명재와 비교재의 합금 성분(wt %) 및 900℃에서의 단면적 감소율 실측치와 계산치 Alloying Elements (wt%) of Inventive Materials and Comparative Materials and Cross-sectional Area Reduction Rate at 900 ℃ 구분division C C NN NiNi MnMn CrCr CuCu SS RA(실측)RA RA(계산)RA (Calculation) 발명재 1Invention 1 0.051 0.051 0.065 0.065 4.0 4.0 5.5 5.5 16.1 16.1 1.0 1.0 0.00170.0017 62.9 62.9 60.460.4 발명재 2Invention Material 2 0.050 0.050 0.061 0.061 4.0 4.0 6.5 6.5 15.9 15.9 0.7 0.7 0.00150.0015 62.7 62.7 65.165.1 발명재 3Invention 3 0.051 0.051 0.060 0.060 4.0 4.0 6.6 6.6 15.9 15.9 1.8 1.8 0.00160.0016 62.5 62.5 60.160.1 발명재 4Invention 4 0.051 0.051 0.060 0.060 4.0 4.0 7.5 7.5 15.9 15.9 1.0 1.0 0.00180.0018 61.0 61.0 60.760.7 발명재 5Invention 5 0.051 0.051 0.061 0.061 4.0 4.0 6.6 6.6 16.0 16.0 1.8 1.8 0.00150.0015 60.6 60.6 60.260.2 비교재 1Comparative material 1 0.051 0.051 0.060 0.060 4.0 4.0 6.6 6.6 16.0 16.0 1.8 1.8 0.00160.0016 58.6 58.6 59.659.6 비교재 2Comparative material 2 0.051 0.051 0.059 0.059 4.0 4.0 5.6 5.6 16.0 16.0 2.4 2.4 0.00180.0018 57.4 57.4 54.254.2 비교재 3Comparative material 3 0.050 0.050 0.063 0.063 4.0 4.0 7.6 7.6 15.9 15.9 2.5 2.5 0.00220.0022 54.3 54.3 53.553.5 비교재 4Comparative material 4 0.052 0.052 0.061 0.061 4.1 4.1 7.9 7.9 15.9 15.9 1.8 1.8 0.00160.0016 53.9 53.9 54.354.3 비교재 5Comparative material 5 0.051 0.051 0.061 0.061 4.0 4.0 6.6 6.6 15.9 15.9 2.7 2.7 0.00160.0016 52.0 52.0 55.655.6 비교재 6Comparative Material 6 0.052 0.052 0.065 0.065 4.0 4.0 5.1 5.1 16.0 16.0 1.8 1.8 0.00180.0018 50.2 50.2 53.853.8

상기 표 1에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이 본 발명강의 경우 열간가공성 지수를 60이상으로 할 경우에 더욱 향상된 열간가공성을 확보할 수 있다.As can be seen in Table 1, in the case of the present invention steel, it is possible to secure more improved hot workability when the hot workability index is 60 or more.

본 발명에 의하면, Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조시 우수한 열간 가공성을 확보할 수 있는 Cu와 Mn의 첨가량의 조합을 용이하게 구할 수 있어 성분 원소의 조절을 쉽게 할 수 있다.According to the present invention, a combination of the addition amount of Cu and Mn, which can secure excellent hot workability in the production of Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel, can be easily obtained, thereby making it easy to control the component elements.

Claims (1)

중량 %로 C: 0.10% 이하, N: 0.30% 이하, Ni: 3.0 ~ 5.0%, Mn: 4 ~ 7미만%, Cr: 14.0 ~ 18.0%, Cu: 1.0 ~ 3.0%를 함유하고 기타 Fe 및 불가피한 원소로 이루어진 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강을 열간 압연시 하기의 관계식을 이용하여 열간가공성이 60이상으로 되도록 Mn과 Cu의 함량을 조절하는 것을 특징으로 하는 열간가공성이 우수한 Ni 절약형 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.% By weight C: 0.10% or less, N: 0.30% or less, Ni: 3.0-5.0%, Mn: less than 4-7%, Cr: 14.0-18.0%, Cu: 1.0-3.0% and other Fe and inevitable Method for producing Ni-saving austenitic stainless steel having excellent hot workability, characterized in that the content of Mn and Cu is adjusted so that the hot workability is 60 or more by using the following relation when hot rolling austenitic stainless steel made of elements. . (관계식)(Relationship) 열간가공성 = -63.61 ― 4.77×Cu + 40.35×Mn － 3.08×Mn×Mn Hot workability = -63.61-4.77 x Cu + 40.35 x Mn-3.08 x Mn x Mn
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