KR100854569B1 - The method of carburizing - Google Patents

The method of carburizing Download PDF

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KR100854569B1
KR100854569B1 KR1020080006220A KR20080006220A KR100854569B1 KR 100854569 B1 KR100854569 B1 KR 100854569B1 KR 1020080006220 A KR1020080006220 A KR 1020080006220A KR 20080006220 A KR20080006220 A KR 20080006220A KR 100854569 B1 KR100854569 B1 KR 100854569B1
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workpiece
minutes
heat treatment
carburization
carburizing
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Korean (ko)
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김숙희
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( 주 ) 삼성금속
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

A high carbon carburizing method is provided to obtain a product with a high Vickers hardness and improved abrasion resistance and wear resistance by press forming a small part requiring high precision, and to secure external competitiveness by reducing production costs. In a method for performing a high carbon carburizing process in which a heat treatment completed workpiece satisfies a surface hardness of at least Hv 800 and a Vickers hardness of at least Hv 550 at an effective hardening depth of 0.2 to 1.2 mm, a high carbon carburizing method comprises: performing a first carburizing process of the workpiece at 940 deg.C for 190 minutes; holding the first carburized workpiece at 870 deg.C and subjecting the workpiece to oil-cooling; performing a second carburizing process of the oil-cooled workpiece at 890 deg.C for 270 minutes; holding the second carburized workpiece at 850 deg.C for 10 minutes, and oil-cooling the workpiece until temperature of the workpiece becomes 60 deg.C; performing a tempering process of the oil-cooled workpiece at 160 deg.C for 150 minutes; and subjecting the tempered workpiece to an air-cooling process.

Description

고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법{THE METHOD OF CARBURIZING}High carbon carburizing heat treatment method {THE METHOD OF CARBURIZING}

본 발명은 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 관한 것으로서 더욱 상세하게는 유효경화 깊이에서 높은 비커스 경도치를 만족하면서 인성을 가지고 파손되지 않도록 개선한 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법의 제공에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a high carbon carburized heat treatment method, and more particularly, to a high carbon carburized heat treatment method which is improved so as not to be broken with toughness while satisfying a high Vickers hardness value at an effective hardening depth.

기계재료로 많이 사용되는 강의 경우 제강과정에서 강이 가진 화학적 성분이나 강에 포함된 합금 원소량이 변하지 않기 때문에 기계 또는 부품을 제작할 때 그 목적이나 용도에 따라 강의 화학적 성분을 바꾸어야 하는 데 이러한 방법 가운 데 하나가 재료의 표면을 단단하게 하는 표면 경화(SURFACE HARDENING)가 있다.In the case of steel, which is widely used as a mechanical material, the chemical composition of steel or the amount of alloying elements in steel does not change during steelmaking. Therefore, the chemical composition of steel should be changed according to its purpose or use when manufacturing machinery or parts. One is SURFACE HARDENING, which hardens the surface of the material.

표면 경화에 많이 사용되는 방법은 침탄법, 질화법, 고주파담금질, 화염담금질, 방전경화 또는 금속침투 등 다양한 방법이 있으나, 이중 가장 많이 사용되는 방법이 열효율이 높고 간단한 공정을 가지면서 소재의 표면에 탄소(Carbon)을 침투시키는 가스침탄법이 많이 사용된다.There are various methods used for surface hardening such as carburizing, nitriding, high frequency quenching, flame quenching, electric discharge hardening, or metal infiltration.However, the most commonly used method has high thermal efficiency and simple process, Gas carburizing is used to infiltrate carbon.

상기와 같이 침탄 열처리를 수행하는 것은 높은 내구성을 요구하는 자동차용 부품 중 특히 변속기를 구성하는 스페이서, 링, 리테이너, 와셔 등에 적용할 경우에는 열처리 완료한 표면 경도가 높으면서 내마멸성이 크고 충격에 충분하게 견딜 수 있어야 한다.Carburizing heat treatment as described above is particularly applicable to spacers, rings, retainers, washers, etc., which constitute transmissions, among automotive components requiring high durability. It should be possible.

종래에도 다양한 조건으로 침탄 열처리 방법이 제시되어 있으나 그 중 대표적인 예를 살펴보면, 1,000℃의 온도를 유지하여 극히 짧은 30∼40분간의 1차 침탄을 수행한 후, 900∼930℃의 온도로 1시간 30분 정도로 2차 침탄 시킨다.Conventionally, carburization heat treatment methods have been proposed under various conditions, but a representative example of them is, after maintaining the temperature of 1,000 ° C. for a first time carburizing for 30-40 minutes, the temperature is 900 to 930 ° C. for 1 hour. Carburize for about 30 minutes.

2차 침탄이 완료된 후에는 850℃의 온도에서 1시간 동안 냉각하고, 냉각이 완료된 상태에서 150∼230℃의 온도에서 2시간 동안 오일퀀칭을 수행하고, -70∼-190℃의 온도로 서브제로(Subzero) 시키는 단계로 이루어지고 있다.After completion of the second carburization, the mixture was cooled at a temperature of 850 ° C. for 1 hour, oil quenching was performed at a temperature of 150 ° C. to 230 ° C. for 2 hours while the cooling was completed, and subzero to a temperature of −70 ° C. to 190 ° C. (Subzero) is made.

종래에도 침탄 열처리를 통하여 표면경도 높으면서 내마모성이 크고 충격에 견딜 수 있도록 하고 있으나, 기술의 발전으로 자동차, 기계장치 등의 수명은 길어지는 데 비하여 여기에 사용되는 부품의 수명이 뒷받침되지 못함으로서 전체 수명을 단축하게 되는 것은 물론, 품질과 내구성을 취약하게 하는 원인이 된다.Conventionally, carburizing heat treatment is used to provide high surface hardness and high abrasion resistance, but it can withstand shocks, but the life of automobiles and machinery is long due to the development of technology, and the life of parts used here is not supported. Of course, shortening the quality and durability is a cause of weakness.

예를 들어 침탄 열처리를 통하여 소재의 표면 강도는 충분하게 좋으나 내부의 인성이 취약하여 사용되는 과정에서 쉽게 손상되기 때문에 제조 중의 불량보다 사용 중 발생하는 불량에 의하여 더 큰 손실을 초래하게 되는 문제가 발생하고 있다.For example, the surface strength of the material is sufficiently good through carburizing heat treatment, but the internal toughness is weak, so it is easily damaged in the process of use, which causes more loss due to the defects in use than in the manufacturing process. Doing.

또한 소재의 형상변화에 민감하거나 높은 정밀도를 필요로 하는 경우에는 범용성있는 프레싱을 통하여 소재를 가공한 후 열처리를 수행하지 못하고, 높은 가공비가 소요되는 와이어커팅 또는 파인플랭킹을 통하여 수행함으로서 전체적인 생산원가의 상승을 가져와 대외적인 경쟁력이 약화 된다.In addition, when sensitive to the change in shape of the material or require high precision, it is not possible to perform heat treatment after processing the material through general-purpose pressing, and it is performed through wire cutting or fine flaking, which requires high processing cost. This will lead to an increase in foreign competitiveness.

특히, 응력 집중현상이 일어나 고응력을 받고 있는 소재의 경우에는 국내 기술 수준의 저하로 인하여 생산하지 못하고 해외에서 수입하여 사용하게 됨으로서 불필요한 외화의 낭비를 가져오고, 기술발전을 저해하게 되는 등 여러 문제점이 있는 실정이다.In particular, in the case of stress-induced stress and high stress, the material cannot be produced due to the deterioration of domestic technology level, but imported and used abroad, which leads to unnecessary waste of foreign currency and impedes technological development. This is true.

이에 본 발명에서는 상기와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로 서, 프레싱으로 성형 되는 소재를 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 2차 침탄을 수행하고, 2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)를 수행하여 완성하여,Therefore, in the present invention, as invented to solve the above problems, the first material carburizing is carried out for 190 minutes at 940 ℃ for the material to be formed by pressing, the second carburizing at 890 ℃ for 270 minutes in the first carburizing is completed Carburization is carried out, and after completion of the second carburization is completed by tempering at 160 ℃ for 150 minutes,

소재의 표면경도가 Hv 800 이상이고 유효 경화깊이 0.8∼1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 비커스 경도치를 얻을 수 있도록 함으로서 원가를 절감하면서 생산성을 높이고 완성된 소재의 품질을 높여 내구성 등을 향상시키고자 하는 데 목적이 있다.To obtain Vickers hardness value of Hv 550 or higher at Hv 800 or higher and effective hardening depth of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, improve productivity while improving cost and improve durability by improving the quality of finished materials. There is this.

본 발명은 소형이면서 높은 정밀도를 요구하는 부품을 프레싱을 통하여 가공하면서 높은 비커스 경도치를 얻으면서 찰 파손되지 않는 인성을 가지도록 함으로서 내마멸성과 내마모성의 향상으로 우수한 품질의 제품을 제공하는 것은 물론, 생산원가를 절감하여 대외적인 경쟁력을 확보할 수 있는 등 기대되는 효과가 많은 발명이다.The present invention obtains a high quality Vickers hardness value and toughness that does not break while processing parts requiring compactness and high precision through pressing, to provide excellent quality products by improving wear resistance and wear resistance, as well as production cost It is an invention that has many expected effects, such as reducing external costs and securing external competitiveness.

이하 첨부되는 도면과 관련하여 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 바람직한 열처리 방법을 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the preferred heat treatment method of the present invention for achieving the above object with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

도 1은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 적용되는 1차열처리 과정을 도시한 그래프도, 도 2는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 적용되는 1,2차 열처리 조건을 도시한 도표, 도 3은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 사용되는 시료의 화학성분표, 도 4는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료와 열처리 전 시료의 조직비교사진, 도 5는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 1의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도, 도 6은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 2의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도, 도 7은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 3의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도로서 함께 설명한다.1 is a graph showing a primary heat treatment process applied to the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a first and second heat treatment condition to be applied to the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied. Figure 3, Figure 3 is a chemical composition table of the sample used in the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention, Figure 4 is a sample heat treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to the technique of the present invention and before heat treatment 5 is a graph showing the change in hardness of sample 1 heat-treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 6 is a high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied. Figure 7 is a graph showing the change in hardness value of the sample 2 heat-treated by, Figure 7 is a graph of the sample 3 heat-treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied It demonstrates together as a graph which shows the change of hardness value.

본 발명에서는 프레싱으로 성형하여 생산성을 높이고 생산원가를 절감하면서 소재의 표면경도가 Hv 800 이상이고 유효 경화깊이 0.8∼1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 높은 비커스 경도치를 얻을 수 있는 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법을 제공하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention provides a high-carbon carburizing heat treatment method that can obtain a high Vickers hardness value of Hv 550 or more at a surface hardness of Hv 800 or more and an effective cure depth of 0.8 to 1.2 mm while increasing productivity and reducing production costs by molding by pressing. It is characterized by.

이를 위하여 본 발명에서는, 프레싱으로 성형 되는 소재를 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 2차 침탄을 수행하고, 2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)을 수행하여 열처리를 완성한다.To this end, in the present invention, the first material carburizing is carried out for 190 minutes at 940 ℃ for the material to be formed by pressing, the second carburizing at 890 ℃ for 270 minutes when the first carburizing is completed, the second carburizing is completed Perform tempering at 160 ° C. for 150 minutes to complete the heat treatment.

물론, 상기 1,2차 침탄시에는 RX가스 분위기에서 실시하게 되며, 1차 침탄이 완료된 후에는 870℃가 유지되도록 한 후 유조로냉을 수행하고, 2차 침탄 후에는 850℃에서 10분을 유지시킨 후 60℃가 될 때까지 유냉시키고, 소려 후에는 공냉시켜 열처리를 완성하도록 한다.
상기 유조로냉은 1차 침탄이 완료된 소재를 로에서 꺼내지 않고 로 입구쪽에 구비되는 유조(油槽)로 이동시켜 무산화 분위기에서 기름에 담그지 않고 서서히 냉각시키는 방법이며, 유냉은 2차 침탄이 끝난 후 소재를 로 입구쪽에 설치된 기름에 담구어서 급냉시키는 것을 말한다.Of course, the first and second carburization is carried out in an RX gas atmosphere, and after completion of the first carburization, 870 ° C. is maintained, followed by oil bath cooling, and after the second carburization, 10 minutes at 850 ° C. After holding, oil is cooled until it reaches 60 ° C, and after cooling, it is cooled by air to complete heat treatment.
The oil bath furnace is a method of slowly cooling the oil, which is provided at the inlet side of the furnace without removing the material of the primary carburization, from the furnace and immersing in oil in an oxygen-free atmosphere. It is quenching by dipping the material in oil installed at the entrance of the furnace.

실시예 1.Example 1.

자동차 변속기에 사용되는 스페이서(Spacer)를 SCM415재질로 프레스로 성형한 후 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 870℃가 유지되도록 한 후 유조 로냉을 수행하였다.The spacer used for the automobile transmission was molded into a press of SCM415, and then subjected to primary carburization at 940 ° C. for 190 minutes, and maintained at 870 ° C., followed by oil bath furnace cooling.

1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 850℃에서 10분을 유지시킨 후 60℃가 될 때까지 유냉 시켰다.In the state where the first carburization was completed, the first carburization was performed at 890 ° C. for 270 minutes, and maintained at 850 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then cooled to 60 ° C.

2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)을 수행한 후 공냉시켜 열처리를 완성하였다.After the second carburization was completed, tempering was performed at 160 ° C. for 150 minutes, followed by air cooling to complete the heat treatment.

상기와 같이 고탄소 침탄 열처리 완료된 소재의 표면 특성을 파악하기 위하여 마이크로 비커스 경도시험기(Micro Vikers Hardness Tester)를 이용하여 경도를 측정 하였다.As described above, the hardness was measured using a Micro Vikers Hardness Tester in order to determine the surface characteristics of the high carbon carburized heat-treated material.

측정 결과는 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이,As shown in Figure 5,

열처리를 수행하기 전의 원소재는 약 Hv 200 정도의 낮은 값을 나타내었으나, 1차 침탄 열처리 후에는 표면경도가 Hv 745로 상승하였고, 깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 경도가 감소하다가 표면에서 1.75㎜부터는 안정된 Hv 340으로 나타났다.Before the heat treatment, the raw material showed a low value of about Hv 200, but after the first carburizing heat treatment, the surface hardness rose to Hv 745, and the hardness decreased as the depth deepened, but stabilized from 1.75 mm on the surface. 340 appeared.

2차 침탄 열처리 후에는 표면경도가 Hv 850을 넘었고 소재의 표면에서 깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 경도치는 점차 감소 하였으며, 소재의 표면경도 Hv 800 이상, 유효 경화깊이 0.8∼1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 경도를 충분하게 만족 하였다.After the second carburizing heat treatment, the surface hardness exceeded Hv 850 and the hardness gradually decreased as the depth deepened on the surface of the material. The hardness of Hv 550 or more at the surface hardness of Hv 800 or more and the effective hardening depth of 0.8∼1.2 mm is sufficient. Was satisfied.

부수적으로 소재의 정밀도를 향상시키기 위한 연삭을 수행한 후 경도치를 측정한 상태에서도 표면경도 Hv 800 이상, 유효 경화깊이 0.8∼1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 경도를 충분하게 만족하고 있음을 나타내어 열처리 후 연삭이 소재의 경도에 영향을 미치지 않음을 알 수 있었다.Incidentally, even after the grinding was performed to improve the accuracy of the material, it showed that the hardness of Hv 800 or more at surface hardness Hv 800 or more and effective hardening depth 0.8 to 1.2 mm was satisfactorily satisfied even after the hardness value was measured. It was found that it did not affect the hardness of the material.

실시예 2.Example 2.

자동차 변속기에 사용되는 스페이서(Spacer)를 SCM420재질로 프레스로 성형한 후 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 870℃가 유지되도록 한 후 유조로냉을 수행하였다.The spacer used for the automobile transmission was molded into a press of SCM420 material, followed by primary carburization at 940 ° C. for 190 minutes, and maintained at 870 ° C., followed by oil bath cooling.

1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 850℃에서 10분을 유지시킨 후 60℃가 될 때까지 유냉시켰다.In the state where the primary carburization was completed, the first carburization was performed at 890 ° C. for 270 minutes, and maintained at 850 ° C. for 10 minutes, followed by oil cooling until the temperature reached 60 ° C.

2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)을 수행한 후 공냉시켜 열처리를 완성하였다.After the second carburization was completed, tempering was performed at 160 ° C. for 150 minutes, followed by air cooling to complete the heat treatment.

상기와 같이 고탄소 침탄 열처리 완료된 소재의 표면 특성을 파악하기 위하여 마이크로 비커스 경도시험기(Micro Vikers Hardness Tester)를 이용하여 경도를 측정 하였다.As described above, the hardness was measured using a Micro Vikers Hardness Tester in order to determine the surface characteristics of the high carbon carburized heat-treated material.

측정 결과는 도 6에 도시된 바와 같이,As shown in Figure 6,

열처리를 수행하기 전의 원소재는 약 Hv 230 정도의 낮은 값을 나타내었으나, 1차 침탄 열처리 후에는 표면경도가 Hv 745로 상승하였고, 유효 경화깊이에 근접하는 0.75㎜에서 경도값이 Hv 790으로 증가함을 알 수 있었다.Before the heat treatment, the raw material showed a low value of about Hv 230, but after the first carburizing heat treatment, the surface hardness increased to Hv 745, and the hardness increased to Hv 790 at 0.75 mm near the effective hardening depth. I could see.

2차 침탄 열처리 후에는 표면경도가 Hv 850을 넘었고 연삭 후에도 Hv 850 이상을 유지하면서 표면에서 깊이가 깊어짐에 따라 경도치는 점차 감소 하였으며, 침탄의 영향이 적은 1.5㎜ 이후에는 Hv 480∼500으로 높은 경도 값으로 안정화 되으며 유효 경화깊이 1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 경도를 충분하게 만족 하였다.After the second carburizing heat treatment, the surface hardness exceeded Hv 850 and the hardness decreased gradually as the depth deepened from the surface while maintaining Hv 850 even after grinding. It is stabilized to a value and satisfies the hardness of Hv 550 or more at an effective curing depth of 1.2 mm.

실시예 3.Example 3.

자동차 변속기에 사용되는 스페이서(Spacer)를 SCM435재질로 프레스로 성형한 후 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 870℃가 유지되도록 한 후 유조로냉을 수행하였다.The spacer used for the automobile transmission was molded into a SCM435 material by press, followed by primary carburization at 940 ° C. for 190 minutes, and maintained at 870 ° C., followed by oil bath cooling.

1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 1차 침탄을 수행하고, 850℃에서 10분을 유지시킨 후 60℃가 될 때까지 유냉시켰다.In the state where the primary carburization was completed, the first carburization was performed at 890 ° C. for 270 minutes, and maintained at 850 ° C. for 10 minutes, followed by oil cooling until the temperature reached 60 ° C.

2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)을 수행한 후 공냉시켜 열처리를 완성하였다.After the second carburization was completed, tempering was performed at 160 ° C. for 150 minutes, followed by air cooling to complete the heat treatment.

상기와 같이 고탄소 침탄 열처리 완료된 소재의 표면 특성을 파악하기 위하여 마이크로 비커스 경도시험기(Micro Vikers Hardness Tester)를 이용하여 경도를 측정 하였다.As described above, the hardness was measured using a Micro Vikers Hardness Tester in order to determine the surface characteristics of the high carbon carburized heat-treated material.

측정 결과는 도 7에 도시된 바와 같이,As shown in FIG. 7, the measurement result is

열처리를 수행하기 전에는 SCM415, SCM420와 비슷한 경도 변화를 나타내고 있으나, 내부로 갈수록 경도가 Hv 550∼600의 매우 높은 값을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있어 외부의 충격 에너지를 흡수하는 것이 어려움을 알 수 있으며, 바람직한 소재로는 SCM415, SCM420를 사용하는 것이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.Before the heat treatment, the hardness change was similar to that of SCM415 and SCM420, but it was found that the hardness showed a very high value of Hv 550 to 600 as it went inside, so it was difficult to absorb external impact energy. It was found that SCM415 and SCM420 are used as preferred materials.

상기와 같이 1,2차 침탄 열처리를 수행한 소재의 조직을 살펴 보았을 때에는 도 6에서와 같이 열처리 전의 소재조직에 비하여 열처리 후 소재 조직이 많이 고와지고 조밀한 상태를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.When looking at the structure of the material subjected to the first and second carburization heat treatment as described above, as shown in Figure 6 it can be seen that the material structure after the heat treatment is much higher and denser than the material structure before the heat treatment.

이러한 본 발명은 소재를 프레싱으로 성형한 후 1,2차 침탄 열처리를 수행하고 소재의 정밀도를 높이기 위하여 연삭 작업을 수행하더라도 표면경도와 유효 경 화깊이에서의 경도를 목표하는 상태로 유지할 수 있기 때문에 제품의 신뢰성을 높이면서 생산원가를 대폭 절감할 수 있는 등 기대되는 장점이 많은 발명이다.In the present invention, even after performing the first and second carburization heat treatment and grinding work to increase the precision of the material after molding the material by pressing, it is possible to maintain the surface hardness and the hardness at the effective hardening depth at a target state. The invention is expected to have many advantages, such as significantly reducing the production cost while increasing the reliability of the product.

도 1은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 적용되는 1차열처리 과정을 도시한 그래프도.1 is a graph showing a primary heat treatment process applied to the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

도 2는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 적용되는 1,2차 열처리 조건을 도시한 도표.Figure 2 is a diagram showing the first and second heat treatment conditions applied to the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

도 3은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 사용되는 시료의 화학성분표.Figure 3 is a chemical composition table of the sample used in the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

도 4는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료와 열처리 전 시료의 조직비교사진.Figure 4 is a structure comparison picture of the sample heat-treated and the sample before the heat treatment by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method applied technology of the present invention.

도 5는 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 1의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도.5 is a graph showing the change in hardness value of Sample 1 heat-treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

도 6은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 2의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도.Figure 6 is a graph showing the change in hardness value of Sample 2 heat-treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

도 7은 본 발명의 기술이 적용된 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법에 의하여 열처리 된 시료 3의 경도치 변화를 도시한 그래프도.7 is a graph showing the change in hardness value of the sample 3 heat-treated by the high carbon carburizing heat treatment method to which the technique of the present invention is applied.

Claims (4)

열처리 완료한 소재의 표면경도가 Hv 800 이상이고 유효 경화깊이 0.8∼1.2㎜에서 Hv 550 이상의 비커스 경도치를 만족하는 고탄소 침탄 열처리를 수행함에 있어서;Performing a high carbon carburizing heat treatment in which the surface hardness of the heat-treated material is at least Hv 800 and satisfies a Vickers hardness value of at least Hv 550 at an effective cure depth of 0.8 to 1.2 mm; 소재를 940℃에서 190분 동안 1차 침탄을 수행하고;The material was subjected to first carburization at 940 ° C. for 190 minutes; 상기 1차 침탄이 완료된 후에는 870℃가 유지되도록 한 후 유조로냉을 수행하고;After completion of the first carburization, 870 ° C. is maintained to perform an oil bath cooling; 1차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서는 890℃에서 270분간 2차 침탄을 수행하고;In the state where the primary carburization is completed, the second carburization is performed at 890 ° C. for 270 minutes; 상기 2차 침탄 후에는 850℃에서 10분을 유지시킨 후 60℃가 될 때까지 유냉시키고;After the second carburization, the oil was cooled to 60 ° C. after 10 minutes at 850 ° C .; 2차 침탄이 완료된 상태에서 160℃에서 150분간 소려(Tempering)를 수행하고;Tempering was performed at 160 ° C. for 150 minutes while the second carburization was completed; 상기 소려 후에는 공냉 과정을 거치는 것을 특징으로 하는 고탄소 침탄 열처리 방법.After the consideration is a high-carbon carburization heat treatment method characterized in that the air cooling process. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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JPH1018020A (en) 1996-06-27 1998-01-20 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Heat treatment for steel
KR20010040446A (en) * 1998-01-28 2001-05-15 인드래니 머캐르지 Advanced case carburizing secondary hardening steels
KR100727196B1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-06-13 현대자동차주식회사 A constant velocity joint cage for vehicle and method for producing it
KR20070074378A (en) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-12 김상진 The method of carburizing

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JPH1018020A (en) 1996-06-27 1998-01-20 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Heat treatment for steel
KR20010040446A (en) * 1998-01-28 2001-05-15 인드래니 머캐르지 Advanced case carburizing secondary hardening steels
KR100727196B1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-06-13 현대자동차주식회사 A constant velocity joint cage for vehicle and method for producing it
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101575435B1 (en) * 2013-12-24 2015-12-07 현대자동차주식회사 Material for high carburizing steel and method for producing gear using the same
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