KR100838759B1 - Apparatus to find out the leakage point of concrete tunnel lining by preparing the precise leakage test and ground water pressure control arrangement for the pressure water tunnel with concrete lining - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is installed on the inlet and outlet side of the waterway tunnel rather than the perforated pipe constructed for the purpose of excluding the groundwater along the waterway tunnel, the groundwater blocking grouting to block the flow of groundwater to the inlet and outlet side Precise leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device for tunnels, which are connected to perforated pipes to flow groundwater into the discharge channel, and are installed in the inlet and outlet parts, respectively, and a pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes and a pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes, respectively. A groundwater level adjustment overflow pipe connected to either of the valve, a pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes located between the drain valve and the groundwater shutoff grouting and installed in the height direction of the water tunnel to be used to control the groundwater level; Groundwater level control used to adjust the groundwater level installed in the adjustment wall pipe A valve and a detection means used to detect the leak of the water channel tunnel are installed between the water channel tunnels with either the inlet valve and the tunnel outlet valve intercepting the water tunnel as needed. Includes a connector. Therefore, the present invention enables a perfect construction inspection of the waterproof hole as well as maintaining the hydraulic pressure equilibrium conditions of the hydraulic pressure inside or outside the tunnel or low enough to be supported by the structure.

Description

{Apparatus to find out the leakage point of concrete tunnel lining by preparing the precise leakage test and ground water pressure control arrangement for the pressure water tunnel with concrete lining}

1 and 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view showing a state of precision leak inspection and groundwater level (pressure) control device installed in the water supply tunnel of the concrete tunnel with a concrete hole according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 3 is an estimated groundwater level of the tunnel when the drain valve and groundwater level control valve of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 is blocked,

4 is a diagram of the groundwater level when the groundwater level is adjusted to high and low (drainage) by using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

  ♠ Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing ♠

10: Water Tunnel 11: Merit Hall

12: tunnel inlet valve 13: tunnel outlet valve

100: tunnel ground water drain pipe 101: drain valve

102: groundwater level control valve 103: groundwater pressure measurement hydraulic pressure gauge

104: ground pipe for adjusting the groundwater level 105: connector

106: on-off valve 107: hydraulic pressure gauge

108: flow meter 109: nipple and valve

The present invention relates to a waterproof hole management device of a water channel tunnel with concrete reconstruction, and more specifically, to the waterproof end of the tunnel by connecting to the end of the perforated pipe used to remove groundwater during the excavation of the tunnel It is related to precision leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device of waterway tunnel with concrete reclaimed hole which can be used for the reliable construction verification of waterproofing construction during construction, and for the safe maintenance of waterproofing construction after construction is completed.

The water tunnel is a sphere of a general tunnel, and the hollow hole and reinforced concrete hole are applied. If the waterproofing hole of groundwater is poorly constructed after the installation of the water hole in such a water tunnel, when the large water pressure unexpectedly acts on the air hole structure or the water pressure in the water pipe is high due to the operating conditions of the water channel, the sub-construction of the concrete structure constituting the water channel tunnel Due to the minute holes created by the internal water is often leaked to the external ground. At this time, if the water in the tunnel is constant and raw water, economic losses may occur due to the outflow of water, and in the case of sewage, groundwater may be contaminated, and groundwater and sewage contaminated due to high groundwater level (pressure) may occur. As it enters, there is a possibility of harming water and raw water. To prevent this, waterproof holes are provided inside and outside of the perforated hole. In this case, there is a difficulty in installing the waterproof hole by groundwater, and the inspection method for inspecting whether the waterproof hole is completely constructed even after construction is performed. And, there is no way to find the leak point to find and repair the correct leak point during the completion inspection of the waterproof hole remains a problem of complete repair.

As a measurement method (method) that can be applied in the field to measure the leakage of water tunnel, the entire tunnel is re-inspected if the water leaks over the permissible tunnel after applying a certain pressure. In addition, methods such as local visual inspection of leaky points are applied. However, these methods can be used to determine the leakage of the entire pipeline, but it is almost impossible to find the exact point of the leak, and it is extremely difficult to identify the exact point of inflow when there is inflow of external groundwater. Certainly difficult to repair. Therefore, the existing method can only confirm whether or not the leak of the finished waterproof hole is within the allowable range, and the situation to rely on visual inspection to find and repair the exact leak point.

In addition, when constructing a general water tunnel, excavate a tunnel and construct a concrete sphere therein. When constructing a waterproof hole therein, it is essential to remove groundwater in the ground or to lower the water level below the ground of the tunnel floor. Until now, the groundwater exclusion pipe has been installed to remove groundwater, and after draining, waterproof construction has been performed.

However, in this method, the method of inspecting the minute leak point after the construction of the waterproofing hole is completed has no suitable alternative to the visual inspection method described above. Therefore, after the construction is completed, the location of these subconstructions is often found without being found. However, when the water passing through the water tunnel is a tap water, there is a problem of contamination due to groundwater and sewage flowing through the fine cracks in the tunnel openings, and in the case of a leak, the tap water is treated at high cost or water is pumped or There is an economic loss from the loss of raw water. In the case of sewage, groundwater contamination due to the discharge of sewage has been a problem. So far, there have been various attempts to inspect the construction of a perfect waterproofing hole for the purpose of preventing this, but there is still no perfect inspection method. It is true.

There are many ways to prevent leakage caused by the microcracks of the tunnel sphere. However, the two directions of leakage and inflow of groundwater inside the tunnel should be examined and countermeasures taken. As a countermeasure against this problem, various methods have already been devised and applied in the field, but a complete method of checking whether these waterproof methods have been completely constructed is still inadequate. Moreover, in the case of structures installed in the soil with groundwater, there is still no perfect verification and inspection method for waterproofing work after completion.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, by connecting to the end of the perforated pipe used to remove groundwater during the excavation period of the tunnel so far, waterproof construction of the tunnel The purpose is to provide accurate leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device for water tunnels with concrete reclaimed holes that can be used for the reliable construction verification of waterproofing construction during construction, and for the safe maintenance of waterproofing construction after construction is completed. There is this.

The present invention is configured to maintain the waterway tunnel by using a drain pipe connected to the end of the perforated pipe that is installed and used for the purpose of excluding ground water, and a valve and hydraulic measuring means installed in the drain pipe. Here, the perforated pipe is configured to have a plurality of holes because it is used for the purpose of excluding groundwater, but the drain pipe of the present invention does not have a hole. And in order to apply this invention effectively, groundwater blocking grouting work which blocks groundwater should be performed in the ground. That is, groundwater blocking grouting is located on the outer side of the water channel tunnel based on the connection point where the ground pipe and the drain pipe of the present invention are connected to each other to be grounded at right angles along the circumferential surface of the water channel. Form to reach the proper depth. In addition, the groundwater blocking grout is formed near the inlet and outlet of the waterway tunnel, respectively.

In other words, the present invention accurately finds the location of the leak using these components, it can be used for the perfect construction and complete inspection of the waterproof hole during the construction and completion of the waterproof hole, and quickly identify the leak of the tunnel during tunnel operation We can make sure maintenance of leaking part. In addition, the present invention balances the pressure between the sphere inside the tunnel and the tunnel internal pressure acting on the waterproof hole and the tunnel external water pressure (ground water pressure) through a simple valve operation, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure acting on the waterproof hole. It can be adjusted within the allowable water pressure to help extend the life of the structure.

The present invention provides a new angle inspection method by measuring the difference between the groundwater level (pressure) and the water pressure in the tunnel in the maintenance of the waterproof hole as well as the complete inspection after the completion of the waterproof hole. In addition, the present invention can maintain the pressure inside and outside the tunnel at the equilibrium or equivalent level after completion of the tunnel, thereby providing a method for reducing the water pressure on the structure, so that the perfect waterproof function of the waterproof hole can be preserved for a long time. To provide a device that can contribute to the life of the device.

The present invention is applied in these two directions, that is, as a complete construction inspection and repair of the waterproof hole, and perfect maintenance after the completion of the structure, specifically described as follows.

In most cases, in the case of a water channel tunnel with concrete spheres, groundwater discharge pipes are installed at the bottom of the tunnel structure to remove groundwater generated during construction at the time of initial design, and to eliminate water pressure due to groundwater upon completion of construction. By discharging, it is planned to remove the construction problems such as inundation due to groundwater during the construction period and to provide waterproofing holes to prevent unnecessary inflow of external inflow water even after the construction is completed. There are two types of waterproof holes for concrete spheres in water supply and sewage tunnels: a waterproof tarp inside the concrete sphere and a waterproof lining on the surface of the inside of the tunnel. Techniques are being tried.

However, these construction methods are difficult to perform a perfect construction inspection during construction, there is no perfect completion inspection method even after construction is completed, and it is difficult to perform a complete construction inspection, and often encounters difficulties such as defects even after completion.

This invention can prevent such a problem in advance and can provide the method which can perform a perfect inspection in a construction inspection. This can be done by the following method.

In order to prevent leakage caused by the microcracks of the tunnel structure, first, the microcracks generated in the structure must be found and completely sealed and repaired before the completion of construction. Second, the water pressure inside and outside the tunnel structure during operation after completion is By the low pressure within the equilibrium state or within the allowable water pressure to eliminate the case of harmful stress on the internal structure of the tunnel in the long term after the completion of the construction. Should be.

Particularly important considerations of these countermeasures are as follows.

First of all, the leak point must be found through a complete construction inspection of the waterproofing hole on the surface of the tunnel structure to perform a complete repair. To this end, it is possible to maintain the dry state during the construction period by lowering the water level of the groundwater during the construction of the waterproofing hole to help the perfect waterproofing construction, and to increase the external water pressure during the completion inspection of the waterproofing hole. The location of the groundwater inflow caused should be located, that is, the exact point of construction failure.

Second, it should be applied to maintenance after the completion of the tunnel structure, so that unnecessary hydraulic pressure is not applied to the waterproof structure, thereby helping to increase the durability of the waterproof hole. To this end, it is necessary to devise a way to control the difference between the water pressure in the pipeline and the surrounding groundwater, and to eliminate the possibility of displacement in the tunnel lining by controlling the difference in the internal and external pressures so as not to generate a large hydraulic pressure on the structure.

More specifically, during the groundwater inflow leak test, the valve is operated so that the water pressure in the tunnel and the water pressure in the surrounding soil are different so that the ground water pressure is formed to a high enough level. By finding and repairing the leak point where the groundwater flows in, it eliminates the possibility of leakage and groundwater inflow. In addition, when inspecting the leakage of water, it is possible to inspect the leakage of water inside the tunnel by increasing the water pressure inside the tunnel and lowering the groundwater level (pressure). In operating the tunnel, when the water pressure in the tunnel is high, the external groundwater pressure is increased to be equal to the water pressure in the tunnel, and when the water pressure in the tunnel is low, the overflow and drainage flow through the overflow pipe and valve. By adjusting the overflow height of the overflow pipe as much as possible, and opening and closing the drain valve, the water level (pressure) inside and outside the tunnel is operated to achieve a low pressure that can be sufficiently supported by an equilibrium or a waterproof hole and a sphere. In order to prevent unnecessary pressure from being applied, the water pressure should not be applied to the waterproof hole during maintenance.

In addition, depending on the conditions of the tunnel maintenance, the groundwater level may need to be lowered during the emptying of the water in the tunnel.In this case, the drainage means is provided at the bottom so that the groundwater level can be easily lowered by simple valve operation. The water pressure on the tunnel of the enna tunnel was maintained at equilibrium or low pressure.

In addition, the present invention can accurately perform the inspection of leaks generated through the construction site of the expansion joint or construction joint, including the waterproof hole poorly constructed in the construction of the water tunnel, such that the repair can be performed correctly.

In addition, the present invention can be installed and applied for the precise leakage inspection and maintenance after construction of some railway, road and sidewalk tunnels.

The present invention for achieving the above object, by the construction of the inlet and outlet side of the waterway tunnel rather than the perforated pipe constructed along the longitudinal direction of the waterway tunnel for the purpose of excluding the groundwater, the flow of groundwater toward the inlet and outlet As a precision leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device of a water channel tunnel where groundwater blocking grouting is installed, one end is connected to both ends of the perforated pipe to flow the groundwater into the discharge channel, and the pair is installed toward the inlet and the outlet. It is connected to one of the tunnel groundwater drainage pipe, the drain valve installed in the pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes, and the pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes located between the drainage valve and the groundwater blocking grouting. Groundwater level pipes used to control the groundwater level, The water tunnel to be connected to each other with a valve between the water level control valve used to control the water level, and one of the tunnel inlet valve and the tunnel outlet valve that blocks the water tunnel as necessary. It characterized in that it comprises a connecting pipe is provided with a detection means used to detect the leakage of the tunnel.

The detection means of this invention can comprise a switching valve, a hydraulic pressure gauge, and a flowmeter. In addition, the present invention may further include a groundwater level measuring means for measuring the groundwater level is installed in the upflow pipe for groundwater level adjustment.

EXAMPLE

When explaining the preferred embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object with reference to Figures 1 to 3 as follows.

1 and 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the precise water leakage inspection and groundwater pressure control device of the water channel tunnel with a concrete cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in the water supply tunnel. Figure 3 is an estimated groundwater level of the tunnel when blocking the drain valve and the groundwater level control valve of the device shown in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a case of using the device shown in Figure 1 to adjust the groundwater level high and low Groundwater level in the case of (drainage).

1. Perfect construction inspection of waterproof workers

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the device of this embodiment has a tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 100 connected to the end of the water pipe tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 11 to send groundwater to a discharge channel such as a stream outside the tunnel. . At this time, the tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 100 is constructed of steel pipe, cast iron pipe, or high-strength PVC material, and is a point where soil is easy to install a groundwater barrier (mainly a soil layer having a low permeability coefficient due to rock, etc.). Inside the tunnel, it is installed toward the inlet (or outlet) of the tunnel, that is, to the soil layer having a high permeability coefficient, mainly to the soil. The tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 100 is connected by a conventional welding or the like so that one end of the perforated pipe 11 is in communication with each other at the connection point shown in the drawing.

The main components according to this embodiment are installed to be connected to the tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 100, and are installed in the maintenance manhole at the end of the tunnel for maintenance, and the components include the drain valve 101 and the groundwater level adjustment. The valve 102, the hydraulic pressure gauge 103 for measuring the groundwater pressure, and the overflow pipe 104 for adjusting the groundwater level. In addition, the apparatus of this embodiment includes a connecting pipe 105 is provided in the tunnel inlet is provided with a detection means used to detect the leakage of the water supply tunnel (10). Here, the detection means may be composed of an on-off valve 106, a hydraulic pressure meter 107 and a flow meter 108 provided in the connecting pipe 105. All water supply tunnels 10 have tunnel inlet valves 12 and tunnel outlet valves 13 which, as necessary, block inflow of water near their inlets and outlets. It is installed to connect the water supply tunnel 10 with the tunnel inlet valve 12 therebetween.

The water pressure gauge 103 for measuring groundwater pressure in this embodiment serves as a groundwater level measuring means for measuring the groundwater level through the measured water pressure. Therefore, the nipple and the valve 109 may be installed at a predetermined point of the drain pipe instead of the hydraulic pressure gauge 103 for measuring the groundwater pressure, and a transparent hose for measuring the groundwater level may be installed therein. At this time, the transparent hose for measuring the groundwater level is attached to the uptake pipe 104 for adjusting the groundwater level and installed in an upright state, so that the groundwater level can be easily measured.

Waterproofing work inside the tunnel in the state in which the device according to this embodiment is installed in accordance with the prescribed specifications of the existing method to completely open the drain valve 101 installed in the tunnel groundwater drainage pipe 100, the water pressure of the groundwater acts inside the tunnel Do not allow groundwater to flow in (see when opening the drain valve in Figure 4). That is, the surface inside the tunnel is completely constructed in a dry state. Then, in order to measure the perfect construction of the waterproof hole, first, the drain valve 101 is completely closed, and then the ground water pressure measuring gauge 103 or the ground hose for measuring the ground water level installed in the overflow pipe 104 for adjusting the ground water level. Increase the groundwater level (pressure) to the appropriate level. In other words, the water pressure (above) of the ground water is adjusted to a suitable level for the tunnel operating conditions, and then the waterproof hole is not properly constructed to find the site where the leak occurs, so that the water can be repaired or rebuilt.

The sub-holes of the waterproofing holes found during the investigation are marked with the sub-holes for repair, and after all the leaking areas have been inspected, the drain valve 101 is completely opened to lower the groundwater level sufficiently and the waterproof hole inside the tunnel. After drying completely to the condition to be reconstructed, repair the sub-working site indicated at the time of inspection. By repeating this process as necessary, perfect waterproofing construction can be achieved.

If these investigation methods are described in each case of inflow and leakage as follows.

<Investigation of groundwater inflow into tunnel>

As a method of inspecting the inflow of groundwater, first, the drain valve 101 is locked, and then the groundwater level is increased by the required water pressure by using the groundwater pressure gauge 103 or the groundwater level measurement transparent hose. It increases the groundwater level by blocking the flow of water (see Figure 3). By increasing the groundwater level, the inflow of the groundwater into the tunnel under the groundwater conditions most similar to those of the actual operation can be performed by visually examining and observing the walls inside the tunnel in a dry state. The device of this embodiment has the advantage that the groundwater level, which can measure the inflow or outflow of such groundwater, can be easily and conveniently used for the purpose of a simple device operation.

<Investigation of leakage of water inside tunnel and measurement of leakage amount>

Investigation of leakage can be done in the following order.

In order to check whether the water inside the tunnel is leaked to the outside (leakage), the tunnel inlet valve 12 located near the inlet of the water supply tunnel 10 to be examined is closed, and the tunnel outlet valve 13 is opened and irradiated. Fill the tunnel with water. Then, the tunnel outlet valve 13 is also locked, and then the opening and closing valve 106 of the connecting pipe 105 is opened to apply an appropriate water pressure (design water pressure) to be investigated. At this time, the external ground water pressure maintains the lowest ground water level by completely opening the drain valve 101 to create the most unfavorable condition. Next, the water pressure fluctuation is measured using the hydraulic pressure gauge 107 installed in the connecting pipe 105, and at the same time, the flow rate is measured through the flow meter 108 to determine whether the water flows out of the tunnel. Can be measured.

2) Control of water pressure inside and outside the tunnel

According to the method described above, in the state where the waterproof hole inside the tunnel is completely constructed, when the water pressure of the passage water inside the tunnel is operated high during the actual operation of the tunnel, there is no possibility of the passage water flowing out and the groundwater level The high (pressure) eliminates the possibility of inflow of groundwater into the tunnel, thereby eliminating the high water pressure for the waterproofing holes on the tunnel sphere, allowing the water supply tunnel to remain in a leak-free state. It is necessary to balance the water pressure or to achieve a water pressure low enough to support the structure (see when the drain valve in FIG. 4 is shut off).

In this case, the groundwater level control valve 102 and the groundwater pressure gauge 103 are used to control the amount of the outflow, so that the water pressure (above) of the groundwater and the water level (pressure) of the pipe can be balanced or supported by the structure. By adjusting the water level (pressure) of the groundwater to an appropriate level to achieve low water pressure, to prevent unnecessary pressure being applied to the waterproof hole inside the tunnel, the waterproof hole is damaged by the excessive water pressure of the external ground water and loses its function. Measures can be taken to prevent bad conditions in advance.

That is, when the water pressure in the tunnel is low, through the ground pipe 104 for controlling the water level and the valve 102 for ground water level to adjust the height of the overflow pipe so that the overflow and drainage, the opening and closing of the drain valve 101 The water level (pressure) inside and outside the tunnel can be operated to achieve a low pressure that can be adequately supported by equilibrium or waterproof holes and spheres.

In addition, in case the leak investigation period is necessary for a long time or the water level should be maintained up to the upper level of the tunnel structure, a separate drain pipe may be provided on the top of the overflow pipe 104 for adjusting the groundwater level to provide flexibility in the water level control. .

As described in detail above, the present invention enables a perfect construction inspection of the waterproof hole as well as maintaining the hydraulic pressure equilibrium condition of the hydraulic pressure inside or outside the tunnel or low enough to be supported by the structure. In other words, perfect construction without leaking in the water supply tunnel structure prevents economic loss due to leakage of raw water, such as constant water, which is expensive to produce, and prevents pollution of raw water due to inflow of sewage, thereby preventing loss in economic and environmental aspects. In addition, it is possible to prevent external pressure acting on the water supply tunnel by balancing the internal and underground water pressures of the water supply tunnel during the tunnel operation period, and consequently, the effect of contributing to the life extension of the water supply tunnel structure and waterproofing holes have.

In the above, the technical details of the precision leak inspection and the groundwater pressure regulating device of the water channel tunnel with the concrete cavity of the present invention have been described together with the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative examples of the best embodiments of the present invention. no.

In addition, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (3)

The groundwater blocking grouting, which blocks the flow of groundwater to the inlet and outlet, respectively, is installed on the inlet and outlet sides of the waterway tunnel rather than the perforated pipes constructed along the longitudinal direction of the waterway tunnel for the purpose of excluding groundwater. As a precision leak inspection of tunnel and groundwater pressure control device, A pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes having one end connected to each end of the perforated pipe to flow the groundwater into the discharge passage and constructed toward the inlet and the outlet; A drain valve installed on the pair of tunnel groundwater drain pipes, A ground pipe for adjusting the groundwater level connected to any one of the pair of tunnel groundwater drainage pipes located between the drain valve and the groundwater blocking grouting and installed in the height direction of the water channel tunnel, and used to control the groundwater level; A valve for adjusting the groundwater level, which is installed in the upflow pipe for adjusting the groundwater level, and used to control the groundwater level; Connect the water channel tunnel between one of the tunnel inlet valve and the tunnel outlet valve to block the water channel as necessary, and connect the pipe with the detection means used to detect the leak of the water channel tunnel. Precise leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device of a water channel tunnel with a concrete cavity. The method according to claim 1, The detection means is a precision leak inspection and groundwater pressure control device of the concrete tunnel with a water channel, characterized in that the opening and closing valve, hydraulic pressure gauge and flow meter. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Precision leakage inspection and groundwater pressure control device of the water channel tunnel with concrete reinforcement, characterized in that it further comprises a groundwater level measuring means installed on the groundwater level adjustment pipe for measuring the groundwater level.

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