KR100837767B1 - Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the production of textile tows, particularly in cellulose acetate tows, a filling box crimper is provided with a roller capable of causing a crimp to be inserted into the tow. The roller causes a crimp by selectively weakening a portion of the tow. The roller has a surface with a groove in the axial direction. The roller may be located inside or in front of the filling box crimper.

Description

CELLULOSE ACETATE TOW AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

The present invention relates to a cellulose acetate tow and a method of manufacturing the same.

Producers of cellulose acetate tow trade with tobacco filter producers on a regular pressure drop (PD) basis. Tow, however, is generally sold by weight. The relationship between PD and weight is expressed in yield (PD / weight). Yields are often expressed as lines on a graph where the x axis is weight and the y axis is PD. The lowest point of the yield line is defined as the point at which the end of the rod begins to concave, and the highest point of the yield line is defined as the point at which the roll of the machine wraps due to splitting or too much tow. See, page 66 of the design of Brown C.L. tobacco, Hoechst Celanese Corporation, 1990.

Cigarette filters are very complex structures and many factors affect productivity or performance. Because of the complex structure, many factors often affect each other, so changes in one element affect other elements.

Several factors, particularly those mentioned here, are firmness, pressure drop, PD change, fly and openness. These factors are taken into account when comparing tow suppliers by filter producers. In rod quality, robustness refers to the deformation of the filter rod when subjected to a given force during a given contact time. Force per unit weight and contact time are controlled by the measuring device used. Firmness is generally expressed as a percentage of retained diameter (ie, higher percentages are more preferred). The change in PD in the quality of a rod refers to the amount due to the PD constant and the coefficient of change Cv of a large number of rods. The filter producer wants the lowest Cv value possible so that little change occurs in the delivery of the tobacco smoking element. A ply, also called a lint, is not frequently quantified but is readily visible to the filter producer when removing tow from bales or lard manufacturing equipment, and results in defective filter rods. Wormholes), and more frequently the cleaning of openings and rod manufacturing machines. Openness in the quality of the tow refers to the complete reloading or full opening of the tow in the rod manufacturing equipment, which is not often quantified but is readily apparent to filter producers.

Clearly, filter producers want toe products to be robust and low PD changes, easy opening and ply free rods. At the present level of technology, these products are useless. Moreover, the cause of this production is not clear due to the complex association of tobacco filter products with tobacco filter tows.

Those skilled in the art will find that firmness, pressure drop, PD change, ply and openness are affected by toe crimps. Crimps are wrinkles added to synthetic fabrics during manufacture, and crimp levels can be measured by uncrimping energy (UCE). One skilled in the art recognizes that crimps often improve the quality of one element, which often degrades the other element. For example, increasing the unfolding energy increases ply (bad phenomenon), reduces PD change (good phenomenon), and suppresses openness (bad phenomenon), while other process conditions generally do not change.

Products using high crimps are being produced but are not free from this problem. For example, Rhodia Acetow ^® produces products under the trade name Rhodia SK ^® . Rhodia SK ^® is in high yield (ie high PD per low weight) and results in high crimps. However, Rhodia SK also has a ply higher than usual and is difficult to open under normal conditions using conventional tows. This entails the following improvements. The difficulties associated with opening seem to require a change in typical lard manufacturing settings, i.e. more work is needed to fully refit the tow, or to be blown, and the tow is threaded roll. Changes in design, thread roll pressure and / or roll speed should be applied to the tow. This increased work results in additional plies due to fiber breakage.

Thus, the question is how to produce a tow product that is easy to open, provides a filter rod with the desired robustness, and has a low PD change and low ply. According to the prior art, such a product cannot be achieved simply by high crimp tow.

U. S. Patent No. 3,353, 239 discloses a filling box crimper with a nip roller with grooves on the circumference.

Japanese Patent 2964191 (Japanese Application No. 1991-358234, filed December 27, 1991) discloses a filling box crimper for tobacco tow products. This patent proposes to reduce plies by lubricating the edges of the tow at a feed rate of 25-50 cc / min with lubricant (ie water) prior to crimping.

U.S. Patent 3,305,897 discloses steam crimping of polyester tow in a filled box crimper. 20 to 40 psig of steam is directed to the filling chamber. U.S. Patents 5,225,277 and 5,618,620 show heat treated tow using steam when the top or tow of the crimper is on the crimper. Japanese application No. 54-127861 shows a heat treatment on the top of a tow of a crimper. U. S. Patent No. 5,591, 388 discloses a crimped lyocell (solvent-spun cellulose) which slightly vents overheated (dry) vapor onto the fiber when the fabric is crimped in a filling box of a crimper. The pressure of the superheated steam is on the order of 5 to 70 psi or more.

WIPO Publication No. WO 02-087366 illustrates that increased degree of crimp increases the tow's puffs. Note the example.

In the production of textile tows, particularly in cellulose acetate tows, a filling box crimper is provided with a roller capable of causing a crimp to be inserted into the tow. The roller causes a crimp by selectively weakening a portion of the tow. The roller has a surface with a groove in the axial direction. The roller may be located inside or in front of the filling box crimper.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, the drawings are now illustrated, but for purposes of explanation, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by the precise arrangements or instrumentalities illustrated.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a production process of tobacco tow according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side sectional view showing a part omitted to clarify the filling box crimper according to the present invention.

3 is a plan view showing a part omitted to clarify the filling box crimper in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the shear plane, with a portion omitted, to clarify the inlet region of the charge box crimper of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the general relationship between UCE and coefficient of change (Cv) in lard versus lard pressure drop of a filter rod.

Figure 6 compares the conventional toe and the improved toe as a graph of plies and UCE.

FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the relationship between filter rods produced with varying plasticizers in tow, each with robustness and packed box steaming.

FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the general relationship between percent total toe vapor (measured at the crimper outlet) and UCE.

FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the general relationship between the total percent vapor of tow (measured at the crimper outlet) and the ply.

Generally, tobacco tow comprises spinning a dope into a plurality of filaments, winding the filament, lubricating the filaments, and bundling the plurality of filaments to form a tow. Step, crimping the tow, drying the crimped tow, and baling the crimped dried tow. Each step in the present invention is discussed below except for the prior art.

Dope is a solution of polymer and solvent. Acetate cellulose is preferable as the polymer, and acetone is preferable as the solvent. Acetate cellulose is generally suitable for use as a tobacco filter material with a degree of substitution of less than 3.0. Preferably, the substitution degree is about 2.2 to 2.8, more preferably the substitution degree is about 2.4 to 2.6 may be used as the tobacco filter material.

The filaments generally have a denier per filament (dpf) of about 1-10. The filaments may have a variety of cross-sectional shapes including, but not limited to, circular, crenulated, Y, X, and dog bones. The tow has a total denier of about 10,000 to 100,000. The tow has a width (from side edge to side edge) of less than 3 inches (8 cm) at the crimper outlet.

Referring to FIG. 1, a tobacco tow process 100 is shown. The dope preparation station 102 supplies dope to the plurality of cabinets 104 (only three are shown, but are not limited to these). In the cabinet 104 the fibers are produced by conventional methods. The fibers are wound on a winding roller 106. These fibers contain a finish (discussed in detail below) and are lubricated at lubrication station 108. These lubricated fibers are bundled together to form a tow in the roller 110. The tow is plasticized at a plasticizing station 112 (discussed in detail below). The tow is then passed through a crimper 114 (discussed in detail below). The crimped tow is dried in a dryer 116. The tow that has been crimped and dried is then baled in packing station 118.

Generally, filter rods for tobacco are made by desaturation and opening of the tow. In addition, the opening of the tow may be made through a conventional lard manufacturing machine such as the Hanni AF-KDF-2E or AF-KDF-4 manufactured by Hani, Hamburg. In the lard manufacturer the tow is opened or fully opened, formed in the lard and wrapped like a paper to correspond to the plug wrap. In the present invention, the method for manufacturing the rod is used in a conventional method.

This embodiment relates to tobacco tow in essence. The invention can also be used in the production of various spinnable polymers. Such radiationable polymers include polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, cellulose esters, ethers and their derivatives, polylactic acid (PLA) and the like. It includes, but is not limited to.

The lubricant (or processing agent) comprises mineral oil, emulsifiers, and water and is supplied to the fiber at a first lubrication station 108. The mineral oil is a liquid petroleum extract. Quality mineral oils have a viscosity of 80 to 95 SUS (Saybolt Universal Seconds), a colorless transparent (ie clean) mineral oil measured at 100 ° F. The emulsifier is preferably a mixture of emulsifiers. Preferred mixing is sorbitan monolaurate (eg SPAN 20 from Wilmington, Germany) and POE 20 sorbitan monolaurate (eg TWEEN 20 from Wilmington, Germany). The water is preferably water on which the mineral is removed, unionized water, or otherwise approximately filtered or treated water.

In terms of weight percent, the lubricant is preferably composed of about 62.0% to 65% mineral oil, about 27.0 to 28.0% emulsifier, and about 8.0 to 10.0% water, and about 63.5% to 64% mineral oil, 27.5 to 28.0% of emulsifier and 8.3 to 8.5% of water are better and most preferably composed of 63.6% of mineral oil, 28.0% of emulsifier and 8.4% of water.

Emulsifier mix (expressed in weight percent, some water may be included in these materials for ease of understanding, but not included here) 50.0-52.0% sorbitan monolorate and 48.0-50.0% POE (20) Sorbitan monolaurate, preferably 50.5-51.5% of sorbitan monolaurate and 48.5-49.5% POE (20) sorbitan monolarate, most preferably 50.9-51.4% Sorbitan monorate and POE (20) sorbitan monohydrate at 48.6-49.1%.

Lubricants are mixed with water (eg, water that is not ionized or demineralized) to form a water emulsion of 3-15%. When water emulsion is added to the tow, it is finally about 0.7 to 1.8% FOY (i.e. after drying), preferably about 1.0% FOY (FOY is a spin finish agent, It is displayed.

The fabric is bundled into the tow and the tow is plasticized at the plasticizing station 112 before the tow enters the crimper. The plasticizing station 112 is adjusted up, down, left and right so that the tow easily enters the crimper 114 and can be identified under the crimper. The plastic station 112 is spaced apart from the crimper 114. Plasticizer station 112 is disposed before crimper 114 so that plasticizer can be added to the tow to plasticize the tow for a sufficient time. Preferably the plasticizing station 112 is disposed at least 1/2 meter before the crimper nip, more preferably 1 meter before the crimper nip. Plasticizer station 112 adds plasticizer to the tow, preferably water, and most preferably water demineralized. The plasticizer will be applied at the maximum rate of excess of spray-back from the crimper nip roll. The carried out ratio is preferably provided with 10,000 to 100,000 total dew tow to be less than 300cc / min at a linear speed of 200 to 1,000 meters per minute, most preferably 10,000 to 100,000 total dew tow. The linear speed is 25 to 2 00cc / min at 200 to 1,000 meters per minute.

The application preferably applies a "spool" type guide to carry the plasticizer. Preferably, a pair of spool guides are used to allow both sides of the tow to wet well. The spool guides can be spaced apart so that the tow can be driven between them in a straight line, or the tow can be driven between them in a "S" shaped path.

The surface of the spool guide is flat or curved (eg to be recessed, protruded, corrugated or recessed / projected). The spool guide is made of ceramic material or ceramic coating. The spool guide may be fixed to the flange or may not have a flange. The spool guide may be provided with a plurality of openings so that the plasticizer may be supplied through the tow.

2 shows a filling box crimper 10 according to the invention. The crimper 10 has a base frame 12 and a top frame 14. Base frame 12 and top frame 14 are combined in the same manner as before, and top frame 14 is movable (or supportable) relative to base frame 12. The toe moves through the crimper in the direction of arrow A.

In general, a tow, not shown in the drawing, is mounted to a pair of nip rollers 20, 22 (to be described later in detail) which are mounted on the shaft 23 and are operable to be fixed in place via the key 21. By the crimper 10. The upper nip roller 20 is mounted to the top frame 14. The lower nip roller 22 is mounted to the base frame 12. The shaft 23 is linked with the motor (not shown). The tow leaves the nip rollers 20, 22 and enters a filling box (described in more detail below) with a channel 30 and a flapper 32 located at the tip of the channel 30. In the channel 30, the tow is pushed into the channel 30 with respect to the flapper 32 and is folded to meet the back pressure caused by the tow so that the tow is orthogonal to the direction of movement. This folding creates a crimp in the tow.

In the present invention, the nip rollers 20 and 22 are called "induction crimp" rolls. Induction crimp rolls are marked (or bent) as they pass through the nip and are "trained" to the crimped tow (e.g., by the weakened area of the crimped tow) affecting the position of the crimp in the tow. The result is a more uniform crimped tow, the more uniform means of which, in one aspect, the tip of the crimped tow (assuming that the crimped tow is generally serrated when viewed from the side) is parallel to each other. (Viewed in plan view): If the induction crimp roll is omitted, the tips of the crimped tow are more inclined to one another more irregularly (not consistently parallel to each other). Although the present invention is not limited thereto, the induction crimp roll may be another pair of rollers before the crimper 10. Off in order to prevent the induced crimp rolls reojim may grip (grip) the tow.

One or both nips may be "induction crimp rolls." One nip roll has a smooth circumferential surface, and the other has a groove in the circumferential direction in the axial direction, or both the grooves in the circumferential direction in the axial direction. An axial grooved roll marks the toe and moves to the crimp in a constant manner. The grooved rolls may be located at the top or bottom of the pair, but are preferably located at the bottom.

The term "grooved" refers to any surface structure that "induces" a crimp. Surface structures include grooves, dimples, or other types of structures. The surface is preferably provided with a groove. The groove is preferably in the form of a sine curve, but in the axial direction (ie at the side) across the face of the roller, with or without a square, triangular, semicircular notch, groove, or flat surface. Up to the side). Such grooves may range from 10 to 100 per inch (2.5 cm), preferably in the range from 25 to 75 per inch (2.5 cm), most preferably 50 per inch (2.5 cm) It is good. The depth of the grooves (floor to valley) can range from 0.5 mils to 5 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers), preferably from 1 mil to 2 mils (25 to 50 micrometers). .

The top nip roll 20, which is a smooth roll, is made of metal or ceramic material. These materials are titanium carbides, tungsten carbides, HIP-hipped or unhipped MgO stabilized zirconia or HIP-hipped or HIP-treated. Unhipped Yttria stabilized zirconia (YTZP) includes, but is not limited to (HIP (hipped) refers to hot isostatic pressing). Zirconia is preferred. HIP treated yttria stabilized zirconia is the most preferred because it has the best chip resistance and wear life. The surface finish is preferably no larger than 16 rms so that there are no sharp side edges and chips.

 The lower nip roll 20, which is a roll formed with an axial groove, is made of a metal or ceramic material. These materials are titanium carbides, tungsten carbides, HIP-hipped or unhipped MgO stabilized zirconia or HIP-hipped or HIP-treated. Unhipped Yttria stabilized zirconia (YTZP) includes, but is not limited to (HIP (hipped) refers to hot isostatic pressing). Zirconia is preferred. HIP treated yttria stabilized zirconia is the most preferred because it has the best chip resistance and wear life. The surface finish (structure) is preferably no larger than 12 rms so that the sharp side edges and groove edges are rounded and there are no chips.

In a variant embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the nip rolls 20 and 22 may not be "induced crimps" (ie, there are no axial grooves in either of the rolls 20, 22). In this embodiment, the nip rolls 20, 22 are made of a rigid ceramic material (ie, not a simple coating). Ceramic materials may be titanium carbides, tungsten carbides, HIP-hipped or unhipped MgO stabilized zirconia or HIP-hipped or HIP-treated. Unhipped Yttria stabilized zirconia (YTZP) includes, but is not limited to (HIP (hipped) refers to hot isostatic pressing). Zirconia is preferred. HIP treated yttria stabilized zirconia is the most preferred because it has the best chip resistance and wear life. The surface finish is preferably no larger than 16 rms so that there are no sharp side edges and chips.

The side plate 24 (FIG. 3) is located between the sides of the nip rollers 20, 22 and is adjacent to the doctor blade 25. The side plate 24 is used to hold the tow in the nip located between the nip rollers 20, 22. The side plate 24 is made of metal, ceramic, or ceramic coated metal. Preferably, the side plates are preferably alumina ceramics due to wear resistance and low friction.

The filling box has an upper half 26 fixed to the top frame 14 and a lower half 28 fixed to the base frame 12. These halves are paired with the charge box channel 30. The flapper 32 is located at the tip of the channel. The flapper 32 is preferably mounted to the upper half 26 via the pivot 34 such that the flapper 32 rotates into the channel 30 and partially closes. The movement of the flapper 32 is controlled by an actuator 36 in which operation is linked with the flapper 32 via the rod 38. The movement of the flapper 32 is preferably controlled by conventional means, including but not limited to weight, pneumatic, or electrical or electronic means, to ensure the uniformity of the crimp.

The adjusting blade 25 is preferably a joining part of the upper half 26 and the lower half 28 of the filling box. The adjusting blade 25 is adjacent to the nip rollers 20 and 22 (e.g., with a gap of approximately 1 mil (25 micrometers)), so that the tow does not adhere to the roll and is guided directly to the channel 30. Be sure to

The steam injector 58 is located in the upper half 26 of the filling box. The steam injector 58 is arranged to be as close to the tip of the adjusting blade 25 adjacent the nip roll 20 as practically possible. The steam injector 58 is located between the flapper 32 and the tip of the adjusting blade 25 adjacent the nip roll 20. The steam injector 58 is in communication with the fill box channel 30. Steam injector 58 allows steam to be set on the crimp of the tow on channel 30 and slightly attached. The steam injector 58 has all types of suitable openings, for example one or multiple slots or one or multiple holes. The steam injector 58 preferably has a plurality of circular holes corresponding to the full width of the channel 30 so that the steam is uniformly distributed via the width of the tow. The steam (inserted into the channel) is preferably low pressure steam at 100 ° C. Most preferably, the steam is a low pressure dry steam at 100 ° C. Vapor pressures range from 0.01 to 5 psig. Preferably, the steam is filtered through a 2 micron filter to remove particles from the steam and steam supplied from the filter to the injector through stainless steel tubing. The steam is preferably controlled by a needle valve (although other suitable valves may be used) disposed substantially adjacent the filling box. Preferably, a water trap is provided between the valve and the filling box. The vapor pressure changes with the size and size of the holes / slots of the steam injector 58. The steam is guided to the injector 58 through a steam inlet 62 that is flexibly interlocked so that the upper half 26 of the filling box can float onto the top frame 14.

The steam injector 60 is located in the lower half 28 of the filling box. The steam injector 60 is located substantially as close to the tip of the adjusting blade 25 as possible adjacent the nip roll 22. The steam injector 60 is preferably located directly below the injector 58 of the upper half 26 of the filling box. The steam injector 60 is in communication with the fill box channel 30. Steam injector 60 allows steam to be set on the crimp of the tow on channel 30 and slightly attached. The steam injector 60 has all types of suitable openings, for example one or more slots or one or more holes. The steam injector 60 preferably has a plurality of circular holes corresponding to the full width of the channel 30 so that the steam is uniformly distributed via the width of the tow. The steam (inserted into the channel) is preferably low pressure steam at 100 ° C. Most preferably, the steam is a low pressure dry steam at 100 ° C. Vapor pressures range from 0.01 to 5 psig. Preferably, the steam is filtered through a 2 micron filter to remove particles from the steam and steam supplied from the filter to the injector through stainless steel tubing. The steam is preferably controlled by a needle valve (although other suitable valves may be used) disposed substantially adjacent the filling box. Preferably, a water trap is provided between the valve and the filling box. The vapor pressure changes with the size and size of the holes / slots of the steam injector 58. Steam is directed to injector 60 through steam inlet 64.

The total amount of steam injected by the steam injectors 58, 60 into the fill box channel ranges from 0.002 to 0.008 vapor pounds per pound of tow, preferably 0.005 to 0.02 vapor pounds per pound of tow.

The edge of the tow is lubricated before entering the filling box crimper 10. Lubrication is preferably added just prior to entering the filling box crimper 10. Lubrication is most preferably added immediately to the edge of the tow just before the tow enters the nip located between the rolls 20, 22. This edge lubrication minimizes filament loss between the nip roll and the side plate. This corner lubrication system is mounted on the alignment base 40 attached to the base frame 12. The fastening mechanism 56 (FIG. 3) brings the side plates 24 in a position relative to the nip rolls 20, 22 in a conventional manner (ie shims or wedges). 4 shows that two corner lubrication mechanisms 42 are securely mounted on the base 40, when the tow enters the clamper 10, the edges of the tow can be lubricated with a suitable lubricant such as water. .

Each corner lubrication mechanism 42 is composed of an instrument surface 44 and a back plate 50. The back plate 50 is long enough to support (ie extend back) both the instrument surface 44 and the side plate 24 (FIG. 3). The instrument surface 44 is fixed to the back plate 50. Instrument surface 44 is preferably coated with a frame spray ceramic to provide good low friction and wear. The side plate 24 is not fixed to the plate 50 but alternately allows to remove the replaced or added portion. The instrument surface 44 has a groove 46 in the longitudinal direction. The toe edge proceeds in contact via the lubricated grooves 46. One or more orifices 48 (FIG. 2) are cut by the instrument 42 and in communication with the grooves 46. Orifice 48 may have any number, size or shape suitable for the job. Orifice 48 may have slots or circular holes. Preferably, the orifice 48 is circular and preferably has the same diameter. The diameter is optimized to equal the best distribution, for example preferably the height of the tow. Inlet 54 supplies lubricant to instrument 42. The proportion of lubricant added through the instrument varies by various factors, including but not limited to tow speed, tow size (total Daniel), filament size (dpf) and several mentioned cross-sectional shapes. Lubricant is added below the maximum ratio, which is when the tow line flutters or when excessive sprayback from the crimper is reached. Typically, the lubricant addition rate is less than 100 cc per minute per side, preferably less than 50 cc per minute per side, and best between 10 and 50 cc per minute per side.

Cigarette tow (ie, produced and advanced using the aforementioned apparatus) has a high unfolding energy (UCE), low ply, improved firmness, and easy opening properties. Furthermore, because UCE increases, the lard to lard pressure drop change coefficient Cv decreases.

With reference to FIG. 5, the relationship between a typical Cv and UCE is shown. It is known that as the UCE increases, the Cv decreases. In connection with FIG. 6, curve A shows the relationship between a typical UCE and a ply. Note that the ply decreases rapidly as the UCE increases. Due to the relationship represented by curve A, the tow producers cannot take full advantage of the relationship shown in FIG. The straight line D represents the upper limit of an acceptable ply of about 0.06 g / 30 minutes.

On the one hand, curve B of FIG. 6 shows the advanced relationship between UCE and ply. That is, high UCE and low fly. This relationship is expressed as follows.

Ply (g / 30 min) = 0.00009 e ^{0.0209 UCE}

Note that the advanced tow in the equivalent UCE has a reduced ply. Curve C shows the experimental values obtained (the process is described later). The experimental results are expressed as follows.

Ply (g / 30 min) = 0.00017UCE-0.276

Note that as the UCE increases, the plies remain almost unchanged. Therefore, toe producers can make high UCE tows with low plies (interpreted as low Cv tows) fmf. Moreover, the advanced tow opens up like a conventional tow despite the high UCE.

The tow, represented by curve C in FIG. 6, is made by a process with an induction crimper roller (as described above) and an edge lubrication mechanism 42 (as described above), but this is done by plasticizing station 112 or Steam injectors 58 and 60 were not used. The advantages obtainable by the plasticizing station 112 or the steam injectors 58 and 60 are described below.

In connection with FIG. 7, the relationship between the firmness and the amount of plasticizer added to a given lard (eg, triacetin, etc. used to attach the fabric) is shown. Curve A is a typical tow and curve B is an advanced tow with 0.2 psig steam. The rod is 108 mm long and 24.45 mm in diameter, and the only difference between curve A and curve B is steam, and others (e.g. tow, plugwrap, plasticizer (for fabric bonding), rodmaker) ) And tester) are all the same. Robustness testing is discussed below.

For equivalent rods, the firmness is enhanced by steam, and the increased vapor pressure increases the other effect even more. The effect of steam is an improvement of at least 0.5 firmness unit in lard firmness.

The plasticizer station may have the effect of increasing the amount of moisture of the tow in the process and product. The benefits of increased tow moisture are described below.

With reference to FIG. 8, the general relationship between total moisture entering the crimper (measured at the crimper outlet) and the UCE is shown. As the toe modulus is reduced and more crimpers are involved at a given crimper setting, the UCE is increased. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, this increased moisture reduces plies. As the crimper toe becomes easier, less mechanical work acts on the crimper and thus less toe damage occurs.

However, due to various process difficulties it is not possible to increase the moisture over a certain range (vertical lines at 20% and 25%) as shown in FIG. Plastic spacing solves this problem, reducing plies and providing the benefits of more consistent crimp changes to the process and product. The mechanism of ply reduction using the crimper edge water mechanism and the mechanism using the plasticizer station are distinguished and complementary. The edge water apparatus provides fabric protection by high pressure additive lubrication, ie protects the wear area of the crimper, while reducing the mechanical work and general fabric damage the plasticizer station acts on the crimp.

According to a preferred embodiment, the tow has the following UCE / ply relationship.

Ply values up to 0.06 are ply (g / 30 min) <0.00009 e ^{0.0209 UCE} .

Optionally, the tow has an average UCE> 280 gcm / cm, an average ply <= 0.030 g / 30 min, or an average UCE> 265 gcm / cm, an average ply <= 0.023 g / 30 min, or an average UCE> 250 gcm / cm and average ply <= 0.017 g / 30 minutes. Furthermore, this tow has an average Cv <2.5 or 2.2 or 1.75. This tow also has 80 robust units or is more based on the Cerulean (formerly Filtona) QTM-7. These tows range from 10,000 to 100,000 total Daniel and dpf from 1.5 to 4.

UCE is the amount of work required to unfold the fabric. UCE is known to be measured before packing, ie after drying and before packing. UCE, used here, is measured as follows. Warm up (20 minutes before typical measurement), Instron Textile Tester (Model 1130, crosshead gear-gear number R1940-1 and R940-2, Instron Series IX-Version 6 data acquisition and analysis Software, Instron 50Kg maximum load cell, Instron top roller assembly, 1 "x4" x1 / 8 "thick high-level Burna-N 70 Shore A durometer rubber grip face), approximately 76 cm long Pre-conditioned tow samples that are looped and evenly distributed across the center of the top roller (adjusted for 22 hours at 22 ° C +/- 2 ° C and 60% relative humidity +/- 2%), It is pre-tensioned by gently pulling to 100g +/- 2g (per reading display), each end of the sample is fixed (at the highest available pressure, but not beyond the manufacturer's recommendations), and then crosshead speed Until it is destroyed at a rate of 30 cm / min. Is repeated until three acceptable tests are obtained, and the average value of the three data points obtained in this experiment is obtained: the energy (E) is limited between 0.220 Kg and 10.0 Kg, and the displacement (D) is 10.0 Kg. The current point is UCE:

UCE (gcm / cm) = (E * 1000) / ((D * 2) +500)

The figure used here is the average UCE. The mean UCE refers to the average value of the bales of at least 35 tow, and the tow indicates that the difference between samples can be detected as 10 UCE at the 95% confidence level of possible variability.

The ply is a small crushed filament in tobacco tow. The ply used here is measured as follows.

The ply is 29.5 cm * 68.5 cm in size made of flat black formica and collected on a board mounted between the centers of the thread rolls of the Hauni AF-2 opening unit. Hauni AF-2 / KDF-2 rod markers with clean toe (ply-free) (setup: rod marker speed-400 m / min (5% tolerance), thread roll ratio-1.5: 1, thread roll pressure-2.5 Bars Run for 10 minutes at pre-tension pressure-Type A-1.0 Bar, and after 10 minutes are mounted on the cylinder with a tared masking tape (approximately 6.5 cm to 7.5 cm in length), After collecting all plies on the board with the adhesive side exposed to the outside, the tape weight on which the plies were collected is determined. The ply is calculated by the formula:

Ply (g / 30 min) = (G-T) * 3

G = total weight of tape on which plies were collected

T = self weight of tape

The figures used here are average ply values. The average ply refers to the average value of the bales of at least 100 tows, indicating that the difference between samples can be detected at 0.01 g / 30 minutes at a 95% confidence level of possible variability.

The pressure drop is the pressure difference between the ends of the filter rod when air flows through the rod at a flow rate of 17.5 cc / second. The pressure drop used here (rad versus lard pressure drop Cv) is measured as follows.

Pressure drop quality test module (QTM-6) from Cellulian, Inc., Lachimond, Va., USA, encapsulated tube-latex, amber 5/16 '' ID x 0.015 ' '' Wall thickness, 35 +/- 5 durometer, certified 1.0 g weight and rod and periphery and glass are calculated to the Cerulean standard, QTM provides air pressure-50 psi, flow rate-target 17.7 cc / sec, encapsulation Tube-5/16 '' ID x 0.015 '' (length 157mm (8% tensile)) and lf = on, cr = on, stop 2 = off, parity = off, baud = 9600, Pd settle = 0, inches = off, Pd = on, shape = off, roundness = off, ova = off, size-laser = on, suspend = off, wt = on, QTM ld = 0, auto cal = off, protocol = 0 (or if HOST = on if 1), host = off (or LIMS or PC connected), sw2 ident = 2, sw1 ident = 1, batch size = 0, cofv = on, statistics = on, results = on, language = GB, printer = on, 30 conditions (the conditions are 22 ° C +/- 2 ° C, relative humidity-6-% +/- 2% at 48 It is set to the liver), and a test rod, derives the pressure drop and Cv. Moreover, the values used here are average Cv values. The average Cv refers to the average of at least 400 tow bales, indicating a 15% change in 95% confidence level.

Firmness (or hardness) refers to the deformation of the filter rod at constant pressure. Robustness is expressed as a percentage that is maintained when the force is applied, often expressed as the following robustness unit.

Firmness% = (Initial Diameter-Compression) / (Initial Diameter) * 100

Robustness is measured here by QTM-7 and uses a uniform setting from Cellulian, Richmond, Virginia.

The present invention can be modified in other forms without departing from the essential components and spirit of the present invention, and therefore, the appended claims should be taken as the basis of interpretation of the present invention rather than the foregoing specification as the scope of the present invention indicates.

Claims (34)

A nip roller which acts on the tow and consists of a pair, one of which leads to crimp to the tow; A pair of side plates disposed parallel to the pair of nip rollers to maintain tow between the pair of nip rollers; An adjusting blade disposed proximate to an outlet end of the pair of nip rollers to prevent the tow from adhering to the pair of nip rollers; And A filling box having a filling channel adjacent said pair of adjustment blades, said fill box receiving said tow from said pair of nip rollers to said channel and adapted to support said tow and having a flapper positioned at the tip of said channel ; Filling box crimper for tow comprising. The method of claim 1, The roller inducing crimping controls the crimp position on the tow by selectively weakening a portion of the tow. The method of claim 1, And each roller of the pair of nip rollers operative to guide crimps to the tow. The method of claim 1, And the roller acting to guide the crimp to the tow further comprises a grooved surface in the axial direction. The method of claim 1, The other of said nip rollers is a filling box crimper with a smooth surface. The method of claim 3, wherein Wherein each roller further comprises a grooved surface in the axial direction. The method according to claim 4 and 6, The surface provided with the axial groove further comprises a sine curve shape (filled box) crimper. The method according to claim 4 and 6, And wherein the surface with the axial grooves comprises a raised groove with or without a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface. The method according to claim 4 and 6, And wherein said axially grooved surface comprises grooves ranging from 10 to 100 per inch (2.5 cm). The method of claim 9, Wherein said groove further comprises grooves in the range of 25 to 75 per inch (2.5 cm). The method of claim 10, Wherein the groove comprises 50 grooves per inch (2,5 cm). The method according to claim 4 and 6, The axial grooved surface further comprises a groove depth in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 mils (mil, 12.5 to 150 micrometers). The method of claim 12, Wherein the depth is in the range of 1 to 2 mils (25 to 50 micrometers). The method of claim 1, The pair of rollers is a filling box crimper made of metal or ceramic material. The method of claim 1, The roller acting to guide the crimp to the tow has a surface with an axial groove, the surface being in the form of a ridge with or without a groove having a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface, The grooves range from 10 to 100 per inch (2,5 cm), the depth of the grooves range from 0.5 to 5.0 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers), and the roller is a filling box made of metal or ceramic material. Crimper. A pair of first nip rollers configured to act on the tow, one of which comprises a crimp to guide the tow; A second nip roller composed of a pair acting on the tow, the second nip roller acting on the tow conveyed from the first nip roller; A pair of side plates disposed parallel to the second nip roller to maintain tow between the second nip rollers; An adjustment blade disposed proximate the outlet end of the second nip roller to prevent the tow from adhering to the second nip roller; And A filling box having a filling channel adjacent said pair of adjusting blades, said filling box receiving said tow from said second nip roller to said channel and adapted to support said tow and having a flapper positioned at the tip of said channel; Filling box crimper for tow comprising. The method of claim 16, The roller acting to guide the crimp to the tow has a surface with an axial groove, the surface being in the form of a ridge with or without a groove having a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface, The grooves range from 10 to 100 per inch (2,5 cm), the depth of the grooves range from 0.5 to 5.0 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers), and the roller is a filling box made of metal or ceramic material. Crimper. Spinning a dope consisting of a solution consisting of cellulose and a solvent; Winding the spun cellulose acetate filament; Lubricating the cellulose acetate filament; Forming the cellulose acetate filament into a tow foam; It consists of a pair to act on the tow, one roller is a nip roller for inducing a crimp to the tow, a pair of side surfaces arranged in parallel to the pair of nip rollers to maintain the tow between the pair of nip rollers A plate, an adjusting blade disposed proximate to the outlet end of the pair of nip rollers to prevent the tow from adhering to the pair of nip rollers, and a filling channel adjacent to the pair of adjusting blades; Crimping the tow by a filling box having a flapper at the tip of the channel and receiving the tow from the pair of nip rollers to the channel and supporting the tow; Drying the crimped tow; And Baling the dried tow; Method for producing a cellulose acetate tow comprising a. The method of claim 18, The filling box crimper further comprises the roller for inducing crimp and adjusting the crimp position on the tow by selectively weakening a portion of the tow. The method of claim 18, The filling box crimper further comprises each of the rollers of the pair of nip rollers operative to direct crimps to the tow. The method of claim 18, The filling box crimper further acts to induce a crimp to the tow, further comprising an axial grooved surface. The method of claim 18, Said filling box crimper having a smooth surface on the other side of said roller. The method of claim 20, Wherein said filling box crimper has each roller having a grooved surface in an axial direction. The method of claim 21 and 23, And wherein said filled box crimper further comprises a sinusoidal shape having a surface with said axial groove. The method of claim 21 and 23, Wherein the filling box crimper comprises a groove in the shape of the surface with the axial groove being a ridge with or without a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface. The method of claim 21 and 23, The filling box crimper further comprises the axial groove ranging from 10 to 100 per inch (2.5 cm). The method of claim 26, The filling box crimper further comprises the groove ranging from 25 to 75 per inch (2.5 cm). The method of claim 27, Wherein the filled box crimper comprises 50 grooves per inch (2.5 cm). The method of claim 21 and 23, Wherein said filled box crimper further comprises the grooved surface having a groove depth in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers). The method of claim 29, The filling box crimper further comprises the depth in the range of 1-2 mils (25-50 micrometers). The method of claim 18, The filling box crimper further comprises the pair of rollers made of metal or ceramic material. The method of claim 18, The filling box crimper has a surface in which the roller acting to guide the crimp to the tow has an axial grooved surface, the surface having or without a groove having a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface. Unevenly raised, the grooves range from 10 to 100 per inch (2,5 cm), the depth of the grooves range from 0.5 to 5.0 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers) and the rollers may be metal or Further comprising a ceramic material. Spinning a dope consisting of a solution consisting of cellulose and a solvent; Winding the spun cellulose acetate filament; Lubricating the cellulose acetate filament; Forming the cellulose acetate filament into a tow foam; A pair of first nip rollers, one of which acts on the tow, one of which acts on the tow conveyed from the first nip roller; A parallel arrangement on the second nip roller to hold the tow between the nip roller, the second nip roller and a pair of side plates, the outlet of the second nip roller to prevent the tow from adhering to the second nip roller. An adjustment blade disposed proximate the end, and a filling channel adjacent to the pair of adjustment blades and adapted to receive and support the tow from the second nip roller to the channel and to be supported by the tow; Crimping the tow by a filling box with a flapper; Drying the crimped tow; And Baling the dried tow; Method for producing a cellulose acetate tow comprising a. The method of claim 33, The filling box crimper has a surface in which the roller acting to guide the crimp to the tow has an axial grooved surface, the surface having or without a groove having a square, triangular, or semicircular notch, groove or flat surface. Unevenly raised, the grooves range from 10 to 100 per inch (2,5 cm), the depth of the grooves range from 0.5 to 5.0 mils (12.5 to 150 micrometers) and the rollers may be metal or Further comprising a ceramic material.

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