KR100836201B1 - Low-pressure-typed carbon dioxide extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank installing dual refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

A low-pressure type carbon dioxide extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank having a dual refrigerator is provided to make other freezer operated automatically when one freezer is stopped. A low-pressure type carbon dioxide extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank having a dual refrigerator includes a carbon dioxide storage tank(100), one or more carbon dioxide supply pipes and a controller(160). Two freezing circuits are installed on the storage tank. The carbon dioxide supply pipe is installed to supply carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide storage tank. The controller controls selection of the operation of the two freezing circuits and supply of the carbon dioxide. Solenoid valves(110,111,112,113) and a spray nozzle are installed on the carbon dioxide supply pipe.

Description

Low-pressure-typed carbon dioxide extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank installing dual refrigerator

1 is a partial schematic view showing a state of a carbon dioxide supply unit of a carbon dioxide digestion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial schematic view showing a state attached to the double freezer of the carbon dioxide digestion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the injection nozzle used in the carbon dioxide extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a left side view of FIG. 3.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10,20,30: Protective area 11,21,31: Temperature sensor

12,22,32: smoke sensor 100: carbon dioxide storage tank

101: gaseous carbon dioxide inlet tube 102: liquid carbon dioxide inlet tube

110, 111, 112, 113: Solenoid valve 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126: Spray nozzle

130: control valve 140: level meter

150: discharge pipe 160: control unit

200,300 Compressor 210,310 Oil Separator

220,320: heat storage 400: condenser

410: receiver 420: filter drier

430: liquid level gauge 440: control valve

450: check valve 460: expansion valve

470: evaporator 500: spray nozzle

501: communication part 502, 503: injection hole

510: connection portion 520: flange nut

530: first neck 540: second neck

550: slope 560: third neck

The present invention relates to a low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank with a double freezer, and more particularly, including two freezers, when the freezer stops working due to a failure, another freezer automatically A low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank with a dual freezer that can be operated.

In addition, the present invention is to develop a low pressure type carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system based on the computer program design applying the engineering numerical analysis of the flow of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide in the pipe, a double freezer that can increase the reliability and effectiveness of fire extinguishing A carbon dioxide extinguishing system having an attached carbon dioxide storage tank.

Carbon dioxide exists as a colorless and odorless gas at normal atmospheric temperature and pressure.As a fire extinguishing agent, carbon dioxide is released at its own pressure when released from a storage container and exists as a gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It can effectively penetrate and diffuse into all parts. In addition, since it is non-electrically conductive, it can be used for energized electric equipment and there is no need to clean the extinguishing agent itself since it does not leave a residue after use.

On the other hand, the extinguishing mechanism by carbon dioxide is mainly asphyxiation by oxygen reduction and the cooling action is relatively ineffective. However, cooling is also effective when carbon dioxide is applied directly to the burning material.

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing facilities are classified into high pressure and low pressure according to the storage method. The high pressure type refers to a method of pressing a carbon dioxide extinguishing agent in a container and storing it at a pressure of about 59㎏ / ㎠ at room temperature (21 ° C.). Refers to a method in which carbon dioxide in a container is kept at a pressure of 21 kg / cm 2 at -18 ° C by using a freezer.

However, the existing carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment is usually required to install dozens of small cylinders to protect certain protective areas with high pressure, and since the container valve in the existing high pressure system does not close once opened, It has the characteristic of releasing all carbon dioxide in the cylinder.

In addition, there is a disadvantage that the installation cost is expensive because it requires a storage tank and piping of a structure capable of withstanding high pressure for the storage and transport of the extinguishing agent.

 On the other hand, low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing facilities have many advantages, such as storing a large number of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent in one storage container.

Clean fire extinguishing equipment including carbon dioxide extinguishing equipment is very expensive and there are limitations in the performance verification, such as the actual release of drugs to confirm the normal operation of the equipment. Very difficult.

Therefore, if thorough management is not carried out in the design and construction process, poor facilities are easy to be made. Design should be done by authorized manual and computer program provided by drug supplier. There are difficulties in believing in designs because it is difficult to do and there are technical limitations in the fire department.

In addition, in order to install such a low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, a refrigerator is required.

Such a refrigerator is composed of a high pressure side and a low pressure side in recent years, the refrigeration cycle follows the following steps.

First, the liquid low temperature high pressure refrigerant flows from the receiver through the refrigerant regulator, which is then supplied to the evaporator under low pressure.

In the evaporator, the refrigerant vaporizes (thermally expands), absorbs the surrounding heat, and enters a low temperature low pressure state. Thus, the evaporator is installed inside the freezer.

The gaseous refrigerant passing through the evaporator enters the compressor through an intake valve, and is in a gaseous state of high temperature and high pressure by adiabatic compression of the compressor.

The refrigerant having a state of high temperature and high pressure is pushed out through the exhaust valve by the compressor to enter the condenser, and the condenser takes heat from the refrigerant through heat exchange with the atmosphere and condenses it into a liquid state. The refrigerant is again stored in the receiver.

By repeating this cycle, the freezer can keep its internal space at a low temperature.

In addition, in order to increase the refrigerating efficiency, there are two refrigeration system in which two or more compressors are used.

First, in the multiple refrigeration method, two or more compressors are connected, and compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of compressor 2, and compressor 2 is connected to the condenser.

That is, the compressor 1 and the compressor 2 are connected in series to increase the pressure difference between the low pressure side and the high pressure side.

This two-stage compression type is suitable for increasing the capacity since a single compressor is not possible when low pressure (low temperature) is pulled down.

Since the refrigerant is not condensed between the two compressors, an intermediate heat exchanger may be installed between the two compressors to lower the temperature of the refrigerant to increase the compression efficiency.

Therefore, in the double refrigeration method, the pressure difference between the low pressure side and the high pressure side is greater than the single refrigeration method, thereby increasing the refrigeration efficiency.

In contrast, the cascade refrigeration requires two or more cooling units, each with a compressor.

Each unit is operated simultaneously, and unit A has an evaporator arranged to cool the condenser of unit B. Thus, the evaporator of apparatus B provides the required cooling effect for the freezer.

Cascade freezing is generally used for industrial applications where temperatures below -46 ° C are required.

In general, the condenser and evaporator used in the cascade refrigeration method is a flow evaporator type using an outer tube and tube with a large surface area.

Cascade refrigeration units operate at very low temperatures, so the refrigerant used must be very dry. Any slight moisture will condense and block the expansion valve, which will stop the flow of refrigerant.

In particular, device A must use a special refrigerant because it removes the retention and moisture of the refrigerant and must not freeze at very low temperatures. The oil separator is placed between the compressor and the condenser to keep the refrigerant in the compressor.

However, the refrigerator installed in the existing storage tank has only a single (single) freezer installed, there is no way to solve the failure of the freezer.

An object of the present invention devised to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, including two refrigerators attached to the double freezer which can automatically operate the other freezer by the electrical signal when the freezer stops operation by failure. To provide a low pressure carbon dioxide extinguishing system having a carbon dioxide storage tank.

It is still another object of the present invention to develop a low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system based on a computer program design applying engineering numerical analysis of the flow of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide into a pipe, thereby improving the reliability and effectiveness of fire suppression. To provide a low pressure carbon dioxide storage tank with a double freezer.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a low pressure type carbon dioxide storage tank having a double freezer having a nozzle which can improve the injection capacity of carbon dioxide to increase the reliability and effect of fire suppression.

The present invention for achieving the above object, two refrigeration circuit is installed is selectively operated carbon dioxide storage tank; One or more carbon dioxide supply pipes installed to supply carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide storage tank; And a control unit for controlling selection of the operation of the two refrigeration circuits and supplying the carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide supply pipe includes a solenoid valve that controls supply of carbon dioxide by the control unit, and sprays carbon dioxide into a fire zone at an end thereof. Low pressure carbon dioxide extinguishing system is installed spray nozzle.

The spray nozzle may include a front end portion having a plurality of injection holes formed on an outer circumference thereof; A connection part for connecting with the carbon dioxide supply pipe; And a communicating part formed inside the front end part and the connecting part, wherein the front part of the communicating part is closed.

In addition, the front end portion is stepped to form a first neck portion, a second neck portion, and a third neck portion, an inclined surface is formed between the first neck portion and the second neck portion and between the second neck portion and the third neck portion, respectively. The plurality of injection holes are formed on each inclined surface to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the spray nozzle.

In addition, the two refrigeration circuit, the evaporator is installed in the carbon dioxide storage tank; A first compressor and a second compressor connected to the evaporator and branched to compress the refrigerant from the evaporator; And a condenser connected to the discharge side of the refrigerant of the first compressor and the second compressor, respectively, and passing the expansion valve to supply the refrigerant to the evaporator.

In addition, it is characterized in that the heat accumulator for collecting the refrigerant from the evaporator at the front end of the first compressor and the second compressor, respectively.

In addition, an oil separator for separating oil from the refrigerant may be further installed at the rear ends of the first compressor and the second compressor.

In addition, between the expansion valve and the condenser characterized in that the filter dryer for removing impurities or moisture mixed in the refrigerant is further installed.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. In adding reference numerals to components of the following drawings, it is determined that the same components have the same reference numerals as much as possible even if displayed on different drawings, and it is determined that they may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention. Detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations will be omitted.

The present invention is composed of a carbon dioxide storage tank, a portion for supplying carbon dioxide for fire extinguishing, and a portion for cooling the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank to maintain a low temperature.

As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide is supplied to the plurality of protection zones 10, 20, and 30 from the carbon dioxide storage tank 100.

In the carbon dioxide storage tank 100, liquefied carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide carbon dioxide coexist therein.

Therefore, the supply of carbon dioxide may be supplied in two states by the gas carbon dioxide inlet tube 101 and the liquid carbon dioxide inlet tube 102.

The evaporator 470 for cooling is installed in the carbon dioxide storage tank 100.

Since the evaporator 470 is preferably liquefied in contact with gaseous carbon dioxide, the evaporator 470 is preferably installed on the upper side of the carbon dioxide storage tank 100.

In addition, the carbon dioxide storage tank 100 is provided with a level meter 140, so that the amount of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank 100 can be measured.

If the amount of carbon dioxide is insufficient, carbon dioxide is supplied by a carbon dioxide source not shown to the gaseous carbon dioxide inlet tube 101 and the liquid carbon dioxide inlet tube 102.

A discharge pipe 150 is formed in the carbon dioxide storage tank 100, through which carbon dioxide is discharged. The carbon dioxide is discharged by the pressure of the carbon dioxide itself in the carbon dioxide storage tank 100.

The discharge pipe 150 is provided with a solenoid valve 110, and primarily regulates the control of carbon dioxide, the solenoid valve 110 is branched into three pipes again, each branched pipe is another solenoid valve (111, 112, 113) are installed.

Thus, the supply of carbon dioxide can be regulated over a second time.

The solenoid valves 110, 111, 112, and 113 are connected to a pilot starting pipe for its operation, and the pilot starting pipe is connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank 100 through a control valve 130.

In addition, the solenoid valves 110, 111, 112, and 113 may be connected to the control unit 160 to adjust the amount of opening and closing.

The branched pipe reaches the protective zones 10, 20, and 30, and sprays carbon dioxide into a gas, a liquid, or a mixed state thereof by the spray nozzles 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, and 126.

The spray nozzles 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, and 126 may use known nozzles, and may be replaced with the spray nozzles 500 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The spray nozzle 500 is different from the conventional position and arrangement of the nozzle in order to increase the spraying effect.

The spray nozzle 500 has a connecting portion 510 to be connected to the end of the branched pipe, the connecting portion 510 is formed with a thread.

A flange nut 520 for tightening is formed in front of the connection part 510, and a front end part is formed to form a step toward the front of the flange nut 520, and the first neck part 530 is formed at the front end part. The second neck 540 and the third neck 560 are formed.

In addition, the injection holes 502 and 503 have a predetermined interval on the inclined surface between the first neck portion 530 and the second neck portion 540 and the inclined surface 550 between the second neck portion 540 and the third neck portion 560. A plurality is formed, respectively.

Therefore, the injection holes 502 and 503 are formed to be inclined outward with respect to the longitudinal direction of the spray nozzle 500.

The connecting portion 510 and the inside of the front end portion have a space, and a communication portion 501 communicating with the branched tube is formed, and the third neck portion 560 side of the communication portion 501 is blocked.

Accordingly, carbon dioxide impinges on the front of the communicating portion 501 from the branched pipe, and is discharged to the injection holes 502 and 503 formed around.

Therefore, carbon dioxide is injected in a larger droplet or in a dense droplet or gaseous state.

With the above configuration, when a fire is detected by the temperature sensors 11, 21, 31 or the smoke sensors 12, 22, 32 installed in the protection zones 10, 20, 30, the control unit 160 By selecting the solenoid valve (110, 111, 112, 113) can be opened by a predetermined amount to eject carbon dioxide to extinguish.

At this time, the carbon dioxide necessary for extinguishing should be released at a pressure of 10.5 kg / cm2 or more in the protective zone within a predetermined spinning time for estimating the amount of carbon dioxide extinguishing agent released.

Therefore, considering the length of the pipe to the protective zone (10, 20, 30) (friction loss head), the position head with the carbon dioxide storage tank 100, the cross-sectional area of the pipe and the spray nozzle (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) The amount of carbon dioxide extinguishing agent released is calculated from the total cross-sectional area of the nozzle of the selected spray nozzle.

Next, a refrigeration circuit for cooling the carbon dioxide storage tank 100 will be described.

As described above, an evaporator 470 is installed in the carbon dioxide storage tank 100.

The refrigerant from the evaporator 470 is formed by branching pipe so that it can be supplied to the two compressors (200,300).

In the front of the two compressors (200,300), the heat accumulator (220,320) for temporarily storing the refrigerant from the evaporator 470 is installed, and in the rear of the two compressors (200,300) the oil which can be included in the refrigerant Oil separators 210 and 310 for separation are installed.

Generally, a compressor runs on an electric motor to move the heated vapor refrigerant from the evaporator, compress it to a small volume, and bring it to high temperature.

The compressor is lubricated with a small amount of special lubricant inside the crank case or housing of the compressor, which circulates through the various parts of the compressor. When the compressor is running, a small amount of oil is pumped out with the hot compressed gas. This oil is not harmful to the system, but too much leakage from the condenser refrigerant regulator or evaporator filter will interfere with operation.

Therefore, it is preferable to install oil separators 210 and 310 as described above to separate oil from hot compressed steam.

The accumulators 220 and 320 are safety devices that prevent liquid refrigerant from entering the suction pipe and the compressor. Influx of refrigerant into the compressor can damage the compressor and cause large knocks.

Once the refrigerant liquid flows into the regenerator, all of it is vaporized, and only gas enters the suction tube. The regenerator will have some refrigeration inside the container and not all refrigerating units have regenerators.

The oil separators 210 and 310 are connected to one condenser 400.

Of course, it is also possible to make the condenser 400 two.

The low temperature and high pressure refrigerant from the condenser 400 is reduced in pressure through the expansion valve 460 via the receiver 410 and is supplied to the evaporator 470.

The receiver 410 is a storage container of a refrigerant in a liquid state. The use of receivers reduces the risk of the amount of refrigerant in the freezer, and usually in commercial installations, the receiver stores enough liquid refrigerant so that the refrigerant in the liquid line is somewhat cooled and free of flash gas.

At this time, a filter drier 420 is installed between the receiver 410 and the expansion valve 460 to remove impurities or moisture included in the refrigerant, and the refrigerant supplied to the expansion valve 460 is removed. A control valve 440 for adjusting the amount is installed, and a check valve 450 for preventing the reversal of the refrigerant is installed.

Then, the liquid level gauge 430 is installed to check the refrigerant state.

Therefore, the refrigerating circuit is composed of two centered around the first compressor 200 and the center of the second compressor 300, in the embodiment of the present invention, the condenser 400 and the evaporator 470 And the expansion valve 460 are shared, and may be configured separately.

Therefore, one of the two refrigeration circuits, more specifically one compressor, is usually operated, and when the refrigeration circuit is stopped due to a freezer failure, another refrigeration circuit can be automatically operated by an electrical signal.

R-22 (monochlorodifluoromethane) liquid used as a refrigerant is a refrigerant developed for refrigeration plants requiring a low evaporation temperature. It is used in air conditioning facilities and household refrigerators, which can be used with reciprocating and centrifugal compressors. It is not necessary to use R-22 at a pressure lower than atmospheric to achieve lower temperatures.

R-22 has a boiling point of −41 ° C. at atmospheric pressure and a latent heat of 2165 J / g at −15 ° C. Normal head pressure at 30 ° C. is 12.1 kg / cm 2. Refrigerants are stable, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-forming, non-combustible. The evaporation pressure of R-22 is 3.0 kg / cm 2 at -15 ° C. R-22 mixes better with water than with R-12 at a 3: 1 ratio or weight of 19.5 ppm. Since water must be kept to a minimum, a dryer is used to remove most of the moisture.

As described above, it has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art various modifications and changes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

According to the present invention, two refrigerators are mounted as a set in a dual form on the side of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and one refrigerator is normally operated, and when the refrigerator stops working due to a failure, it is automatically changed by an electrical signal. By constructing the carbon dioxide extinguishing system in the manner in which the refrigerator operates, it is possible to construct a more reliable and safer system in response to an emergency situation such as a fire occurrence.

Claims (7)

A carbon dioxide storage tank in which two refrigeration circuits are installed and selectively operable; One or more carbon dioxide supply pipes installed to supply carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide storage tank; And A control unit controlling selection of the operation of the two refrigeration circuits and supply of the carbon dioxide, The carbon dioxide supply pipe is a low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is provided with a solenoid valve for controlling the supply of carbon dioxide by the control unit, and a spray nozzle for spraying carbon dioxide into the fire zone at the end. The method of claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle, A front end portion having a plurality of injection holes formed on an outer circumference thereof; A connection part for connecting with the carbon dioxide supply pipe; And It includes a communication unit formed in the front end and the connecting portion, Low pressure carbon dioxide extinguishing system, characterized in that the front of the communication portion is closed. The method of claim 2, The front end part is stepped to form a first neck part, a second neck part, and a third neck part, and an inclined surface is formed between the first neck part and the second neck part and between the second neck part and the third neck part, respectively. And the plurality of injection holes are formed on each inclined surface to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the spray nozzle. The method of claim 1, wherein the two refrigeration circuits, An evaporator installed in the carbon dioxide storage tank; A first compressor and a second compressor connected to the evaporator and branched to compress the refrigerant from the evaporator; And And a condenser connected to the discharge side of the refrigerant of the first compressor and the second compressor, respectively, and supplying the refrigerant to the evaporator through an expansion valve. The low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a heat accumulator for collecting the refrigerant from the evaporator is further installed at the front end of the first compressor and the second compressor. The low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system according to claim 4, wherein an oil separator for separating oil from the refrigerant is further provided at the rear end of the first compressor and the second compressor. The low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system according to claim 4, further comprising a filter drier for removing impurities or water mixed in the refrigerant between the expansion valve and the condenser.

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