KR100828945B1 - Process for treating mine wastewater using settling structure for nature type - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for treating mine wastewater using a natural type settling structure is provided to treat effectively acidic wastewater containing a large amount of heavy metals discharged from an abandoned mine by using a nature-friendly method without injecting chemicals into the wastewater from the outside. A process for treating mine wastewater using a natural type settling structure comprises: a settling step of settling floc using a plurality of inclined plates(2) installed in front of a natural type settling structure(1) when the floc is generated due to an increase of water pH that is generated as a tributary contaminated by mine wastewater flows together a mainstream; a sludge moving step of moving the sludge into a settled sludge storage space(3) formed at one side along a bottom face of the inclined natural type settling structure when the floc that has been settled by the inclined plates is formed in the form of sludge; a sludge discharge step of moving the sludge filled in the settled sludge storage space through a drawing pipe(32) connected to one side of a bottom part of the settled sludge storage space, and discharging the sludge to the outside under the control of a settled sludge drawing valve(33) installed on the other side of the drawing pipe, wherein the settled sludge storage space is in a sealed state by a bypass(31); and a supernatant discharge step of moving supernatant through a floating weir pipe(41) connected to one side of a floating weir(4), and discharging the supernatant to the outside under the control of a drain valve(42) installed at the other side of the floating weir pipe.

Description

Mine wastewater treatment method using natural sedimentation beam {PROCESS FOR TREATING MINE WASTEWATER USING SETTLING STRUCTURE FOR NATURE TYPE}

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a place where the spontaneous precipitation precipitator according to the present invention is installed.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a natural precipitation beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a natural precipitation beam according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a front view showing the floating wear in accordance with the present invention.

5 is a front view showing a vertical plate according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is a flow chart according to the mine wastewater treatment method using the spontaneous sedimentation of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: natural precipitation precipitation 2: inclined plate

3: sedimentation sludge storage space 4: floating wear

5: vertical plate 31: bypass

The present invention relates to a treatment method that neutralizes wastewater by installing natural sedimentation beams at the point where tributaries and main streams containing a large amount of heavy metals flowing out of a waste mine are neutralized, and precipitate and remove heavy metals. Preferably, the pH of the valley water contaminated by the mine wastewater is joined to the main stream, and a precipitation step of sedimentation of the resulting flocs using a plurality of slope plates, and sludge deposited on the floor by the slope plates. Sludge transfer step to move the sediment sludge storage space, sludge discharge step of discharging the sludge filled in the sediment sludge storage to the outside, and supernatant discharge step of discharging the supernatant liquid according to the sludge treatment to the outside It relates to a mine wastewater treatment method used.

In the case of heavy metals, many complaints have been raised due to heavy metal-contaminated soils and groundwater in hugh and abandoned mines, which are the main sources of soil and groundwater. If heavy metals are continuously introduced even in small amounts, bioaccumulation occurs due to the food chain in the ecosystem, and this causes a great deal of pathology and toxicity in the human body.

Heavy metal contaminants around the abandoned mine include minerals and waste-rock and mine water, which are generated as by-products after recovering valuable metals.In most abandoned mines, these wastes are treated with arsenic and lead. Heavy metals such as copper, cadmium and zinc are already contaminated or are at risk of contamination.

In general, waste mines are scattered in the mountains, and large amounts of groundwater and surface water flowing out from these waste mines flow into valley water, and the pH of valley water is low due to mine wastewater flowing from the waste mines. Due to the high concentrations of various heavy metals and total dissolved solids, the bottom of the valley is yellowed, not aesthetically pleasing, highly corrosive, killing surrounding animals and plants, or slowing down growth.

In addition, when valley water flows into the main stream, the pH rises, and dissolved solids, including heavy metals, are naturally generated and precipitated at the bottom of the river, which affects the quality of aesthetics and water supply, causing a lot of damage to the lives of local residents. In particular, the sediment deposits (sludges) are not removed in the form of sedimentation on the bottom of the river, which gradually flows down to the intakes by running water, making local residents more anxious.

For these reasons, proper treatment is urgently needed to prevent water pollution and protect the natural environment.

In order to treat the wastewater introduced from such waste mines, various angles of research are being conducted. For example, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0356365 (published date 2002.10.19) uses a membrane module to treat wastewater and wastewater. The Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0427774 (Announcement date 2004.04.28) discloses a waste mine wastewater purification method and apparatus using a contact filtration method using a filtration filter in a contact filtration tank. have. However, most of the registered patents and currently operating mine wastewater treatment methods are physically and chemically added to the floating solids and dissolved solids in the waste mine shaft water by externally adding chemicals or removing them by electrolysis. The method is costly due to chemical injection and electrolysis, and its use is limited.

As a biological treatment method, a method using sulphate reducing bacteria has been implemented, but in this case, since it is a treatment method by a specific microorganism, it is difficult to apply to a site of various environments, which has a problem that its treatment efficiency is not high.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the acid wastewater containing a large amount of heavy metals discharged from the waste mine area can be effectively treated using a natural sedimentation beam without receiving chemicals from the outside using natural sedimentation beams. It is intended to provide a treatment method.

In order to provide a method for treating mine wastewater using the natural sedimentation beam, the present invention provides a sedimentation treatment of flocs generated due to an increase in pH while a stream contaminated by mine wastewater is joined to the main stream using a plurality of gradient plates. Step S10;

The floc precipitated by the inclined plate has a sludge shape, and the sludge is moved to a sludge storage space formed at one side along the inclined bottom surface (S20);

The sludge filled in the settling sludge storage space is moved through the drawing pipe connected to the bottom side of the settling sludge storage space, and discharged to the outside under the control of the settling sludge drawing valve installed on the other side of the drawing pipe. The settling sludge storage space is a sludge discharge step (S30) in a closed state by the bypass;

The supernatant of the water temporarily rising during discharge of the sludge is moved through the floating wear pipe connected to one side of the floating wear, and discharged to the outside under the control of a drain valve installed on the other side of the floating wear pipe. Mine wastewater treatment method using the natural sediment beam treated through the supernatant discharge step (S40) is the main technical configuration.

The inclined plate is a stainless panel or a ceramic panel. The inclined plate maintains the inclination angle at 45 to 60 ° so that the average residence time of the floc in the inclined plate is maintained for 30 to 35 minutes. .

The inclination angle of the bottom surface to which the sludge is precipitated and moved in the sludge movement step (S20) is maintained at 10 ~ 35 °, characterized in that the sludge precipitated by the inclination angle is configured to be easily moved to the sludge storage space. It is done.

Hereinafter, the technical configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The tributaries such as valley water around the abandoned mines are easily contaminated by heavy metals and various pollutants flowing out of the abandoned mines, and when the pollution level is higher than the self-cleaning capacity of the valley waters, the pollution state does not improve and continues to be contaminated. It will enter the mainstream.

When the contaminated tributary merges with the main stream, the pH rises due to the sudden increase in flow rate, and contaminants such as heavy metals dissolved in the tributary form flocs. The flocks continue to flow down, corrupting the main streams of rivers, etc., and because the flocs adhere to the rocks, they have a dark brown color, which is not very aesthetically pleasing.

Therefore, it is important to treat the generated floc in the early stage, and in order to process such a floc initially, the spheroidal precipitator in the present invention is installed at the point where the branch and the main stream merge as shown in FIG. .

Figure 1, as described above, showing the position of installing the spontaneous sedimentation telegram, the spontaneous sedimentation telegram (1) is installed at the point where the valley water contaminated by mine wastewater flows into the river.

The reason for installing the natural sedimentation signal at the point where tributaries such as valley water joins the main stream such as rivers is that the pH of the valley water is increased due to the sudden increase in flow rate as the tributary contaminated by mine wastewater enters the main stream. This is because if rivers rise and a floc is formed and the floc is not removed at first, the rivers and rivers are contaminated. Therefore, it is important to prevent further contamination by removing it early in the formation of the floc.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the mine wastewater treatment apparatus using a spontaneous sedimentation beam (1) according to the present invention. A plurality of inclined plates 2 are provided at the front end of the natural settling telegram 1, and a settling sludge storage space 3 for storing the sludge settled by the inclined plates 2 is formed, The oil-based wear 4 is configured to discharge the supernatant to the outside.

The inclined plate 2 uses a stainless panel or a ceramic panel, or uses one or two or more materials selected from plastic, vinyl, and fiber materials. In the case of a material having a specific gravity such as vinyl or fiber that sinks well under water, as shown in FIG. 5, it is installed using an air ball and a weight, which will be described later.

While the lower part of the inclined plate 2 shows the characteristics of the sludge, the upper layer has a lot of algae, etc. under the influence of sunlight and nutrients, and the floc is precipitated using the inclined plate 2 to improve the precipitation removal efficiency. In order to reduce the surface load factor. The surface load ratio is maintained at 6.0 ~ 7.5m / hr based on the installation area of the inclined plate when the water depth is based on 5.0 ~ 5.5m.

The inclination angle of the inclined plate 2 is maintained at 45 to 60 ° so that the average residence time of the sludge in the inclined plate 2 is maintained at 30 to 35 minutes.

Sediment removal efficiency of the floc increases through the surface load ratio, average residence time in the inclined plate, and the angle of the inclined plate, and the precipitated floc precipitates along the bottom surface of the natural sedimentation beam 1 having an inclination angle of 10 to 35 °. Sludge storage space (3) is collected.

The inclination angle is for batch processing by allowing the settled sludge to move and gather in one place. If the inclination angle is less than 10 °, the sludge sludge that is settled on the bottom is not easy to move, and thus the treatment efficiency is lowered, and 35 °. If it exceeds, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the natural sedimentation beam has an inclination angle of 10 to 35 ° because the space for receiving valley water is reduced and the mine wastewater cannot be efficiently treated.

As a method for installing the inclined plate 2 in water, one side and the other side of the inclined plate are fixed by wires, respectively, and are connected to and installed with other supports. However, the installation of the inclined plate is simply for fixing, the fixing method can be carried out in various forms.

When a certain amount of sediment sludge is accumulated in the sediment sludge storage space (3) it should be discharged to the outside. In order to discharge in this way, it is sealed using the bypass 31 installed in the upper part of the sedimentation sludge storage space 3. If the sealant is not sealed, a large amount of wastewater is discharged together with the discharged sludge, and the sedimented sludge storage space 3 is sealed using the bypass 31 before discharging the sludge. The settling sludge is discharged to the outside under the control of the settling sludge drawing valve 33 through a drawing pipe 32 connected to the bottom side of the settling sludge storage space 3.

In this way, when the settling sludge is discharged to the outside or the flow rate is increased momentarily, the waste water overflows the spherical sedimentation beam 1 and flows downstream. Will install As the floating wear 4 is floating on the water surface as shown in FIG. 4, the supernatant is discharged to the outside through the floating wear pipe 41 connected to one side of the floating wear 4. The discharge of the supernatant is discharged to the outside under the control of the drain valve 42 via the floating wear pipe 41. Therefore, when the flow rate increases instantaneously or discharges the settling sludge to the outside, the water level is controlled by using the floating wear 4 to prevent the overflow caused by the rise of the water surface.

3 is a view showing a case in which the inclined plate 2 of the mine wastewater treatment apparatus using the natural precipitation precipitate 1 shown in FIG. 2 is replaced with a vertical plate 5,

As described above, the vertical plate 5 is installed when the material does not sink well in water because its specific gravity is low, such as vinyl or fiber.

Thus, when installing the vertical plate (5) using a material that does not sink well in water, the air ball 51 is attached to the upper part of the vertical plate (5), and the weight (52) is attached to the lower part.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical plate (5), the air ball 51 is installed on the top and the weight 52 is shown in the lower configuration.

Figure 6 shows a treatment step for the treatment of mine wastewater using a natural precipitation precipitate of the present invention.

In general, the pH of the mine wastewater is 2.8 ~ 3.5, Fe 120 ~ 250mg / L, Al 15 ~ 30mg / L, Mn 1.5 ~ 3.0mg / L, including the pollutant emissions listed in Table 1 It can be confirmed that the pollution level is high compared with the acceptance criteria.

Table 1: Pollutant Emission Limits

 division ppm (mg / L) pH CN As Fe Mn Pb Cu Zn CD Hg Cr Clean area 5.8-8.6 0.2 0.1 2 2 0.2 0.5 One 0.02 Not detected 0.1

Valley water contaminated by mine wastewater, as discussed above, when the water is joined to the main stream after a certain period of time, the pH is increased by a suddenly increased flow rate, and a floc is formed. The floc formed in this way is subjected to the precipitation step (S10) that is primarily settled by the inclined plate (2) is provided in front of the natural sedimentation beam (1) installed at the point where the branch and the main stream joins. The inclined plate 2 may be a vertical plate 5, but it is preferable to use the inclined plate 2 so that precipitation can be made efficiently.

The formed floc is attached to the inclined plate and flows downward along the inclined angle of the inclined plate, and the flowed floc has a sludge shape.

The floe after the precipitation step (S10) is in the form of sludge, such sludge is moved to the precipitation sludge storage space (3) formed on one side along the inclination angle of the bottom. At this time, the inclination angle of the floor is maintained at 10 ~ 35 ° to allow the sludge to move naturally along the mainstream flow. If the inclination angle is increased above 30 °, the sludge mobility is good, but the sludge treatment is faster, but if the inclination angle is increased, the depth of the sludge is lowered and the sludge treatment space itself is narrowed. It is desirable to give the inclination angle in the same angle range.

In this way, after the sludge moving step (S20) for moving the sludge to the settling sludge storage space (3) by the inclination angle of the bottom and the flow of the main stream, the sludge filled in the settling sludge storage space (3) to the outside.

In order to discharge the sludge to the outside, the sedimentation sludge storage space 3 should be treated in a state of being disconnected from the main stream. Thus, the bypass 31 is used to seal the sedimentation sludge storage space 3 from the main stream and seal it. .

The bypass 31 is installed at the upper portion of the settling sludge storage space (3) is configured to seal the settling sludge storage space (3) when the sludge is discharged to the outside.

Once the sedimentation sludge storage space 3 is sealed using the bypass 31 to discharge the sludge to the outside, it is drawn through the drawing pipe 32 connected to the bottom side of the sedimentation sludge storage space 3. The sludge discharge step (S30) is discharged, and the discharge is configured to be controlled in the form of a valve by the sedimentation sludge drawing valve 33 is connected to the other side of the drawing pipe (32).

In the sludge discharge step (S30), the sedimented sludge storage space (3) is temporarily sealed, and then sludge is removed. At this time, the amount of mine wastewater flowing in is temporarily increased as the predetermined space is sealed. The supernatant after the floc precipitated in the waste water is subjected to the supernatant discharge step (S40) discharged to the outside through the floating wear (4).

At this time, the supernatant is discharged to the outside through the floating wear pipe 41 is connected to the bottom side of the floating wear (4), the discharge of the supernatant is a drain valve connected to the other side of the floating wear pipe (41) Under the control of 42.

Briefly summarized the mechanism of treatment of wastewater by natural sedimentation beam according to the present invention as described above are as follows.

The tributary moves downstream in the state where the pH is lowered by the heavy metal-containing wastewater flowing out of the waste mine, and then merges with the main stream. At this time, the pH rises due to the dilution effect of the valley water due to the increased flow rate. When the heavy metals and dissolved solids dissolved in the valley water precipitates and accumulates in the natural sediment bottom. The treated water is then discharged through the floating wear.

As described above, the mine wastewater treatment method using the natural sedimentation beam according to the present invention does not use any chemicals used in the conventional waste mine wastewater treatment, it is environmentally friendly and reduces the treatment cost, heavy metals and other parts The removal of planetary solids can be maximized.

In addition, the natural sedimentation basin can be applied to expand the use of agricultural water harvesting bore in the field of application, which contributes to drastically reduce the damage caused by the abandoned mines, which causes social problems in recent years, and contributes to the solution of agricultural water during the dry season. do.

Claims (3)

Sedimentation step (S10) of sedimentation process using a plurality of inclined plate (2) installed in front of the spontaneous sedimentation beam (1) flocs generated by the rise of pH as the contaminated tributary due to mine wastewater joined the main stream (S10) ); The flocs precipitated by the plurality of inclined plates (2) provided in front of the natural settling telegram (1) has a sludge form, and the sludge is formed on one side along the bottom surface of the slanted natural settling telegram (1). Sludge moving step (S20) for moving to the sedimentation sludge storage space 3; The sludge filled in the settling sludge storage space (3) is moved through the drawing pipe (32) connected to the bottom side of the settling sludge storage space (3), and the settling sludge installed on the other side of the drawing pipe (32). Discharged to the outside under the control of a drawing valve 33, wherein the settling sludge storage space (3) is a sludge discharge step (S30) in a closed state by the bypass (31);  The supernatant of the water temporarily rising during discharge of the sludge is moved through the floating wear pipe 41 connected to one side of the floating wear 4, and is installed on the other side of the floating wear pipe 41. Mine wastewater treatment method using a natural sedimentation beam, characterized in that it is processed through the supernatant discharge step (S40) discharged to the outside under the control of the drain valve (42). The inclined plate 2 is a stainless panel or a ceramic panel, and the inclined plate 2 maintains the inclination angle at 45 to 60 ° so that the average residence time of the floc in the inclined plate 2 is maintained for 30 to 35 minutes. Mine wastewater treatment method using a natural sedimentation beam, characterized in that the floc to be efficiently precipitated. According to claim 1, wherein the sludge in the sludge movement step (S20) is the inclination angle of the bottom surface to which the sludge is moved is maintained at 10 ~ 35 °, the sludge precipitated by the inclination angle to the settling sludge storage space (3) Mine wastewater treatment method using a natural sedimentation beam, characterized in that configured to facilitate movement.

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