KR100797067B1 - Manufacturing method for the thin plates with the waste agricultural plastic films and the waste plastic packages - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a technique for manufacturing a thin and wide plate-like member such as a non-slip plate by mixing and extruding agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging material at a predetermined ratio, and the present invention is used for mulching in rural areas and discarded Used as a bag of vinyl, ramen, or detergent. After separating and drying the foreign substances and water contained in the discarded film waste packaging materials, a certain ratio of organic, inorganic and anti-slip additives are mixed to prevent torsion and to reinforce physical properties. After improving the physical properties, the pellet is a medium raw material in the granule-forming method that is melted on the outside slightly by a simple molding machine to melt the surface, and then provides a non-slip plate of a plywood type widely used in various construction sites. do.

Description

Manufacturing method for the thin plates with the waste agricultural plastic films and the waste plastic packages}

1 is a perspective view of a trommel crusher

2 is a schematic layout explanatory diagram of a blow drying device;

3 is a perspective view of a non-slip plate which is a kind of plate-like member according to the present invention;
Figure 4 is a photograph of the anti-skid plate is a kind of plate-like member according to the present invention
5 is another photograph of a non-slip plate which is a kind of plate member according to the present invention;

The present invention is to produce a plate-like member such as a non-slip plate by mixing melt extrusion of agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging material in a predetermined ratio.

Korea's living standards have improved due to the rapid economic growth and industrial development, but the domestic and industrial wastes are increasing rapidly. Therefore, the Ministry of Environment prioritizes the reduction and recycling of wastes in the same way as other developed countries treat wastes by incineration or landfilling only when it is impossible to recycle them in case of harmful substances or rising pretreatment costs. . In addition, the introduction of advanced systems, such as technology development support and recycling of producer responsibility (EPR), has contributed to the reconstruction of many environmental and industrial wastes. Doing. However, many items are still being developed and settled in a way such as yardage, neglect, illegal incineration, landfill, etc., causing serious environmental problems such as air pollution and leachate generation. It is an urgent problem to be solved not only in terms of the destruction of the natural environment of waste but also in terms of waste of valuable resources. Agricultural waste vinyl and film plastic waste packaging material is a representative problem.

Currently, the amount of waste vinyl used in rural areas reaches 257,000 tons per year (as of 2004), but it is the main culprit of the destruction of natural ecosystems because it is not collected and left on the farmland due to various factors such as the aging of the rural population and unprofitable recycling reality. . Agricultural waste vinyl has a large surface area compared to the unit mass, and when discarded in rural areas, it causes serious side effects such as blocking soil air circulation and destroying the soil ecosystem. Therefore, the Ministry of Environment collects and disposes agricultural waste plastics through the Korea Environmental Resources Corporation. Korea Environmental Resources Corporation began to install and operate waste vinyl processing facilities in 1980. Currently, 33,000 tons of waste vinyl processing plants are used annually, and about 50,000 tons of waste vinyl is collected annually through eight waste vinyl intermediate processing facilities. Recycling Combined with the amount recycled by other SMEs, the amount of recycled vinyl recycled in 2004 was about 100,000 tons, but the amount still recycled is still very small.

Agricultural waste vinyl has a large amount of waste left in the country due to the lack of processing facilities and economic productivity technology, and even about 400,000 tons of waste vinyl is collected at the Korea Environmental Resources Corporation. In addition, the use of vinyl greenhouses for crop insulation and mulching for weed growth is continuously increasing, so proper recycling of agricultural waste vinyl generated after farming will remain a very important task in the future.

The biggest problem in the recycling of waste vinyl for agriculture is that it is difficult to collect waste vinyl, and the collected waste vinyl contains a large amount of soil and water, which leads to excessive logistics costs and low recycling costs, resulting in high recycling costs. . Therefore, if the wet or dry pretreatment is performed to increase the waste of vinyl, the economical efficiency is lowered. On the other hand, if the raw material containing a large amount of impurities is used, the physical properties such as tensile strength of the product become weak and even the processing itself becomes difficult. You will fall in love with it. In addition, in a situation where there is a limited demand for recycled vinyl products, the supply of waste vinyl can not be expanded indefinitely. Therefore, in order for the development of pretreatment technology to be successful, it is necessary to develop a demand source for products that can apply the produced intermediate raw materials. do.

Meanwhile, since 2003, the Ministry of Environment has been encouraging the recycling industry by implementing producer responsibility recycling (EPR) system for 18 items including plastics and home appliances. However, among the items subject to recycling, such as film packaging materials, about 1,000,000 tons are generated annually when film and sheet are combined. However, the collection system has not been established yet, and food packaging materials such as ramen and snacks Since aluminum foil is coated, it is technically not easy to recycle.

The Ministry of Environment is trying to improve the recycling rate by converting these packaging materials into plastic solid fuel (RPF). However, it is expected that the aluminum component coated on the packaging material by more than 3% by weight cannot be prevented from being vaporized in the air as a fume state when combusted at high temperature, and thus cannot be a permanent solution. . Therefore, this item is also urgently needed for the development of recycling technology, and it is urgent to develop an appropriate pretreatment process and demand source.

As mentioned above, the film packaging materials used to store and package products in daily life are estimated to be approximately 1,000,000 tons per year, and they are approximately 174,000 tons (17%) even for the EPR system for which the producer is responsible for recycling. .

In addition, while the Ministry of Environment is implementing various policies to curb the use of disposable film packaging materials, the amount of film packaging materials consumed at home and consumed at about 660,000 large discount marts and conventional markets nationwide is gradually increasing. It is urgent to prepare.

Film or sheet packaging materials are thin film packaging materials made of synthetic resin, and they are used to protect products and maintain quality. Especially in the case of food packaging products, the film is coated with paper or aluminum foil, so aluminum is volatilized in the combustion reaction to recover energy, and in the case of packaging materials containing PVC material, dioxins may be generated.

Film packaging was included as a mandatory product for the producer responsible recycling system to promote the recycling of film packaging. However, it has not been easily separated, collected and recycled. In the case of general houses, film packaging materials are collected and collected together with general recyclables once or twice a week from local governments, and are transported to municipal or private sorting sites for separate collection and used as raw materials for recycled products. EPR products account for 8% of housing and 40% of apartments. Municipalities are passive in the separate collection of film packaging materials due to lack of collection equipment and manpower, and only 100 municipalities (43%) out of 232 municipalities are collecting water. Private collectors also do not want to be separated and collected, unless it is unavoidable due to the low economic feasibility of recycling film packaging materials, and additional screening costs are incurred because the collected EPR film packaging materials are brought in mixed with general recycled materials. In order to activate the recycling of packaging materials for films, it is inevitable to establish a stable raw material supply system that can produce recycled products and to expand sales channels.

Plate-type anti-skid plate that can be widely used in construction sites, truck pallets, etc. is generally made of steel plate material.

By the way, the anti-skid plate can be made of synthetic resin because the required physical properties are not necessarily steel sheet material, but the synthetic resin non-slip plate is not economical because of high manufacturing cost, but using waste plastic, but As a technique, it is not possible to manufacture a thin and wide plate-like member without warping by using the waste plastic, and thus an anti-skid plate of steel sheet has been mainly produced.

According to the present invention, in order to expand the recycling of agricultural mulching waste vinyl containing a large amount of foreign matters such as soil and the recycling of films waste packaging materials, the present invention provides suitable pretreatment of mulching waste vinyl and films waste packaging materials containing a large amount of accumulated soil such as soil. By using it immediately, it is characterized by the fact that it is not economical to manufacture a pure synthetic resin in the past, so that a thin and wide plate-like member such as a non-slip plate, which is made of steel sheet, is manufactured.

In the present invention, a mixed amount of recycled polystyrene (PE) obtained by crushing agricultural mulching waste vinyl, separating and drying foreign matters in a simple and economical manner, and recycled composite resin obtained by crushing and separating foreign matters from films, etc. And then, by mixing several organic and inorganic additives to produce intermediate materials with improved physical properties as a material, using them to produce a plate-like member such as plywood type anti-skid plate that can be widely used in construction, truck pallets The manufacturing process is a pretreatment process of mixing and crushing agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging materials, separating and drying foreign materials, and adding additives to prevent torsion and improvement of physical properties. Manufactured by extruding a plate member such as a preventive plate It consists of a molding process.

First, the pretreatment process is as follows.

Two kinds of raw materials, agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging materials, are mixed in a certain ratio and put into a crusher, and the size of waste vinyl is shredded to about 30 ~ 40cm.

The crushed waste vinyl is introduced into a trommel separator to induce dry washing and separation by friction.

The trommel 100 is ring-shaped at both ends and in the middle of the cylindrical trommel 100 and trommel 100 are installed inclined up and down and inclined so that the wind passes well as shown in FIG. The upper ring 120, the middle ring 130, the lower ring 140 is provided with a rotatable trommel drum 110, the shaft 210 formed on the central axis of the trommel drum 110 and The outer side of the shaft 210 is configured on the upper end side of the shaft 210, the hair drive unit 220 for rotating the shaft 210 and the trommel driving unit (not shown) for rotating the trommel drum 110, It consists of a plurality of fur parts 300 and the mudguard portion 410 along the longitudinal direction on both sides of the trommel drum 110 so as to cross each other along.

When passing through the trommel 100, waste vinyl of less than 20% purity is pretreated to about 38% purity, the earth and sand is about 29% and the remaining water is about 33%. When the diameter of the cylindrical trommel (100) is small or perforated trommel (100) perforated on a steel sheet, not a wire mesh, the drying and separation effects are not properly performed, and vinyls are easily entangled with each other to form a long bundle. It should be noted that If it is necessary to keep the mesh scale of the trommel 100 smaller, it is possible to use the nylon net of the smaller scale.

The trommel 100 is a large cylindrical wire mesh (diameter is 20 ~ 30mm size rhombus) of about 150mm in diameter, about 3,500mm in length to rotate at a low speed (about 8rpm) and rotates at high speed (about 250rpm) in the inner shaft Drying and removal of foreign matters are made by the impact of the blade-shaped hairs 300 of the dog and forcedly injected air. In order for the raw materials to be discharged naturally, the inclination of the trommel 100 should be set. The inclination may be adjusted according to a desired residence time, but for most raw materials, 12.7 ^o was appropriate.

Since the raw material passed through the trommel 100 still contains a large amount of earth and sand components and moisture, it is dried and foreign matters by a blow drying device that blows into a pipe-shaped furnace of about 25 cm in diameter and about 30 m in length. Remove it.

The blower drying apparatus is a hot air blower for generating hot air through the air passage and blower 10 having a predetermined diameter (about 25 cm) and a predetermined length (about 30 m) as shown in FIG. (20) is installed and a special hopper (ejector) 30 for preventing the back flow to the mulch waste vinyl is injected into the body of the air path adjacent to the hot air is formed and keeps a predetermined length (about 15m) after the hot air around the hopper. A cover 40 is installed, and a net pipe 50 is installed at the other end of the air path, and then, a fixed screen drum 60 is installed to be inclined, and finally, a bag-shaped spigot 70 made of woven paper is provided. . Blower drying device composed of such a configuration injects waste vinyl containing moisture through the hopper 30 by blowing the hot air in the air path 10 by the hot air blower 20, and disturbs the warm air and the waste vinyl introduced by blowing While the dry and separated waste vinyl and foreign matter passes through the net pipe 50 and the screen drum 60, the foreign matter and water vapor escapes, and finally, the waste vinyl is dried while transporting only the waste vinyl to the stool 70, The drying result was very good, and when passed through a 30m length apparatus with a diameter of about 25cm, the waste vinyl had a water content of less than 6%, and the soil composition had a side effect of decreasing the total amount.

At this time, if the initial temperature is maintained by about 150 ^o C by the hot air fan 50, the raw material coming out of the outlet has good physical properties such as not being blown off in the next step of molding by reducing the moisture to about 6%. In particular, if several obliquely installed rod-shaped obstruction plates or obstruction pins at an inclined angle in the direction of the air passage 20 are placed on the surface of the waste vinyl by the strong impact of the wind through the baffles. Soiled soil can be separated by impact, resulting in drying and additional cleaning effects . In the conditions for blowing, the wind speed was best at 18m / s at the inlet and 15m / s at the outlet at room temperature.

The reason why the blower-type drying device is adopted is that the waste vinyl has no micropores in the tissues unlike ordinary fibers, so even if it is compressed or heated, the moisture inside the pockets is reduced by the pocket or blanket phenomenon. It has the property of not being removed. Therefore, it was concluded that it was most advantageous to blow strong warm air through the long pipe to force dry by disturbance. Therefore, a drying apparatus including an appropriate feeding apparatus was manufactured and dried.

The mixed raw material of the mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging material discharged from the outlet of the blow dryer is pretreated with approximately 57% purity vinyl, about 37% earth and earth and about 6% water remaining. This is followed by a screened conveyor which is then transported to a storage silo. During transport on the conveyor, the residual soil which was separated during drying but could not be removed is naturally separated, so the pure water at this time maintains about 70% purity of mulching waste vinyl in the state of excluding mulching waste vinyl. On the other hand, since film-type waste packaging materials are not severely polluted by foreign substances from the beginning, they usually maintain 99% purity.

The mulching waste vinyl and the film-type waste packaging material mixed raw material pre-treated and stored in a cyclo are introduced into a granulator to form granular pellets.

Next, the present invention relates to a process suitable for molding pretreated raw materials into a plate-like member. When a raw material stored in a cyclo is injected into a granulator, a small amount of inorganic and organic additives is added when compared to pure PE. The physical properties of is increased significantly, depending on the item improves about 15 ~ 30%.

The additive is added with 0.5 to 3.0% Zn-stearate and 0.1 to 1.0% oxidizing stabilizer as an organic additive, calcium bicarbonate (CaCO ₃₎ as an inorganic additive : 2,000 mesh) Add about 10% or 30% of clay (2,000 mesh). However, as described above, the agricultural waste vinyl naturally contains about 30% of the earth and sand when pretreated by dry, so there is no need to separately inject clay.

In the addition of these organic and inorganic additives, the physical properties were all improved when used alone or in combination, but especially when mixed and used alone, the limit was present.

The physical properties of the additives and the injection ratio were compared. The measured physical properties were tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength. The improvement of physical properties by the kind and the mixing ratio of the additive can be seen in <Table 1>.

These organic additives, organometallic stearic acid, are due to the effect of improving the dispersibility of two resins, plastics, metals of packaging films, and inorganic fillers such as heavy carbon and clay. In addition, the tensile strength and flexural strength increased with the change of the content of the inorganic filler, but the same result as when the other inorganic filler is added, but the impact resistance is particularly excellent, which is superior to the impact strength by the original packaging material regeneration treatment. It was found to bring improvement.

This can be seen immediately in comparison with Table 2, which is a physical property obtained by varying the ratio of only the mulching waste vinyl fraction and the film waste packaging material fraction without adding bicarbonate and clay.

Table 1 Comparison of physical properties according to the type of additives and the injection ratio

(When adding 5% heavy coal + 15% clay)

Sample Contents Average Value of Bicarbonate and Clay Tensile Strength (㎏f / ㎠) Elongation at Break (%) Flexural Strength (㎏f / ㎠) Flexural modulus (㎏f / ㎠) Toughness (㎏f / ㎠) IZOD impact strength (kgfcm / ㎠) 70% of packaging material + 30% of mulching vinyl 139.6 6.56 200.9 6,952.8 6.2 4.7 70% of packaging material + 30% mulching vinyl + 10phr 145.2 5.3 213.2 7,356.2 5.3 4.2 70% packing material + Mulching vinyl 30% + 20 phr 152.3 4.2 228.3 7,765.3 4.1 3.8 70% packing material + Mulching vinyl 30% + 30 phr 158.3 3.4 238.2 8,412.3 3.4 3.5 50% of packaging material + 50% of mulching vinyl 123.8 8.05 174.6 5,558.5 6.7 6.8 50% of packaging material + 50% of mulching vinyl + 10phr 135.6 7.8 185.6 5,864.2 7.6 6.2 50% packing material + 50% mulching vinyl + 20phr 145.1 7.2 191.3 6,142.3 7.0 5.7 50% of packaging material + 50% of mulching vinyl + 30phr 148.6 5.5 205.6 6,258.3 5.6 5.5 30% packing material + 70% mulching vinyl 126.7 35.78 148.2 4,872.8 38 23.6 30% packing material + mulching vinyl 70% + 10phr 133.5 31.2 156.5 5,102.3 32.1 21.3 30% packing material + mulching vinyl 70% + 20phr 136.8 28 164.3 5,269.3 28.6 20.1 30% packing material + mulching vinyl 70% + 30phr 142.3 22 179.8 5,648.9 21.3 16.8

In addition, when the waste PS (polystyrene) resin is uniformly added to the raw material by about 1 to 2%, the torsion phenomenon after molding the product is significantly reduced. Usually, after molding of wide and thin products or long plastic products, torsional phenomena frequently occur, which greatly reduces the quality of the product. As will be described later in order to prevent this, in addition to directly depositing the mold during cooling, Incorporating some PS is a very important technique. Incorporation of 1 ~ 2% PS resin ensures that the product stays taut without twisting or warping, with little effect on overall physical properties.

The raw material passed through the dryer and mixed with the additive is formed into granular pellets that are easily added to the finished product in the granulator. The reason why the granular pellet, which is an intermediate raw material, is molded by the granulating machine is not only to reduce the energy required for molding but also to prevent qualitative deterioration such as carbonization of the raw material due to high temperature. to be.

The granular pellets prepared as described above are used to form and manufacture a plate member such as an anti-skid plate, etc., which is a final product. The granules are prepared by mixing agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging materials at a constant ratio and mixing organic and inorganic additives. Mold pellets are melted in a melter at a temperature of about 180 ~ 200 ^o C to make a dough state, and then charged into a non-slip plate mold, which is molded by a high pressure press. Cooling usually deposits the mold in a cooling bath as it is and leaves for about 15 to 30 minutes. The reason why the mold is cooled by depositing it in the cooling bath as mentioned above is a very important factor with the addition of a little PS to prevent twisting after the cooling of the wide and thin products. When the cooling is enough, release the mold, arrange the corners, etc., and store it.

Although the size of the anti-skid plate mentioned above can be manufactured as needed, larger ones are generally large even when manufactured on the basis of a length of 1818 mm x width 606 mm x thickness 12 mm.

On one surface of the non-slip plate, the anti-slip protrusion of embossing pattern such as cramps of about 60mm in length is repeatedly treated to have a function of anti-slip. The anti-slip protrusion is embossed (embossed) with a small cramp pattern or a specific character pattern to a height of 0.8 to 2.0 mm, but if the boundary of the embossed surface is formed to maintain a gentle curve to protect the corner portion of the anti-slip protrusion. It is advantageous.

<Table 2> Comparison of properties of non-slip plate according to the mixing ratio of main materials

Sample Content Tensile Strength (㎏f / ㎠) Elongation at Break (%) Flexural Strength (㎏f / ㎠) Flexural modulus (㎏f / ㎠) Toughness (㎏f / ㎠) IZOD impact strength (kgfcm / ㎠) 100% of packing materials 138.3 4.15 234.4 8,545.5 3.6 2.74 90% packing material + 10% mulching vinyl 125.3 4.77 228.4 8,028.0 4.1 3.50 80% of packing material + 20% of mulching vinyl 143.9 5.75 218.2 7,149.3 5.6 4.09 70% of packaging material + 30% of mulching vinyl 139.6 6.56 200.9 6,952.8 6.2 4.7 50% of packaging material + 50% of mulching vinyl 123.8 8.05 174.6 5,558.5 6.7 6.8 30% of packaging material + 70% of mulching vinyl 126.7 35.78 148.2 4,872.8 38 23.6 20% packing material + 80% mulching vinyl 122.4 47.93 137.0 3,889.8 50.1 41.8 10% packing material + 90% mulching vinyl 124.8 70.72 136.3 3,546.0 75.1 40.56 Mulching Vinyl 100% 119.1 215.8 131.1 3,728.1 232.2 35.49

3 is a perspective view of a non-slip plate which is a kind of plate member according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are other photographs of a non-slip plate which is a kind of plate member according to the present invention actually manufactured using this raw material.

The mixing ratio of the mulching waste vinyl and the film waste packaging material, which are the main raw materials to the trommel crusher, was increased and decreased by 100% and 0% to 10%, respectively, and the physical properties of the anti-skid plate as a finished product were tested. As the items were very diverse, it is possible to apply a customized mixing ratio in consideration of the properties required for the purpose of the product. Comparison of physical properties by the mixing ratio difference in the absence of additives is shown in Table 2.

From these results, tensile and flexural strength, tensile modulus and flexural modulus values decrease with increasing mulching vinyl content because of LDPE (low density polyethylene), which is the main component of mulching vinyl, but the impact resistance is greatly improved and elongation is increased. It can be seen.

Agricultural waste vinyl and film waste packaging materials can be mixed in various ratios. However, in order to maintain the characteristics of the plate, it is necessary to maintain the bending strength and toughness to a certain level or higher while maintaining the tensile strength high. Vinyl: Plastic packaging materials should be mixed at a ratio of 50 ~ 70%: 30 ~ 50%, but it is necessary to adjust the ratio according to the specifications of the finished product.

Production of a plate member such as an anti-skid plate using agricultural mulching waste vinyl and film waste packaging material according to the present invention generates about 260,000 tons per year in rural areas and about 1 million tons per year in agricultural waste and daily life. It is a way to treat environmentally friendly film-type waste packaging materials, which are difficult to be processed and generated, and it is economical because it can simply and largely process waste vinyl, which is difficult to separate and dry by conventional methods. Film waste packaging materials that are processed by incineration because they are not secured much are burned, and the aluminum foil coated inside during incineration is volatilized into a fume and released into the atmosphere, which helps prevent public health. The mixing ratio of specially designed agricultural vinyl and film waste packaging materials, as well as organic and Group selected properties improved by the additive was secured that may be used in place of Civil Engineering, as well as for transporting the steel plate and also wood veneer as well as to meet the physical properties of the needs as many anti-slip plate having a similar shape for the road.

In addition, the inorganic matter (soil) remaining by the dry treatment is also preferably working in accordance with the amount of the addition, which can be expected to improve the physical properties by addition of the inorganic additives.

The non-slip plate exemplified in the present invention is not only cheaper than the conventional steel sheet, but also light in weight, can be widely used without burden in various construction sites, slippery kitchen floor, fishing vessel or dock floor where corrosive materials cannot be used. Will contribute greatly. In addition, when used as a protective material for the bottom of the truck, it is possible to play various roles, such as appropriately preventing the loaded cargo from moving or moving when the car is inclined or the centrifugal force is applied.

And since the non-slip plate according to the present invention used is reused as well as re-use to freely recycle to make a new product will be able to faithfully play a role as an eco-friendly product with eco-friendliness in the manufacturing process. In addition, the application of the techniques induced in the manufacturing of the anti-skid plate according to the present invention can be used in the separation and drying apparatus of other waste, and also applicable to the stable production of other plywood products that may cause torsion It can be fully expanded to promote waste recycling and ultimately contribute to the national economy by saving resources, protecting the environment through recycling, and securing and exporting stable recycled materials.

Claims (4)

A pretreatment process step of mixing and crushing the mulching waste vinyl to which the soil is attached and the waste packaging material of the film, and separating and drying foreign substances; Zn-stearate 0.5-3 wt%, an organic stabilizer of 0.1-1.0 wt% of an oxidizing stabilizer, and heavy carbon (CaCO ₃ ), An additive addition step of adding 1 to 2 wt% of an inorganic additive of clay and a polystyrene (PS) to 2 wt% based on the total weight of the mixture of the waste vinyl and the packaging material; And Agricultural mulching comprising a manufacturing step of producing a packaging material mixture is added to the granule pellet, the additive is added to melt by a molding machine to produce a plate-shaped member protruding a plurality of protrusions of the bent edges or specific character pattern. Method for producing a plate member using waste vinyl and film waste packaging material. delete delete delete

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