KR100794223B1 - Side walk and road pavement composition using pyroclast and the pavement preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Side walk and road pavement composition using pyroclast and the pavement preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR100794223B1 KR100794223B1 KR1020060107017A KR20060107017A KR100794223B1 KR 100794223 B1 KR100794223 B1 KR 100794223B1 KR 1020060107017 A KR1020060107017 A KR 1020060107017A KR 20060107017 A KR20060107017 A KR 20060107017A KR 100794223 B1 KR100794223 B1 KR 100794223B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/04—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming
- B28B1/045—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming combined with vibrating or jolting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/14—Minerals of vulcanic origin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/02—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing the materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
- C04B2111/2061—Materials containing photocatalysts, e.g. TiO2, for avoiding staining by air pollutants or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
Description
도 1 화산쇄설물 도로포장 단면도Figure 1 Volcanic cladding road pavement cross section
도 2 대기정화 시스템 개념도2 is a conceptual diagram of the atmospheric purification system
도 3 광촉매 반응원리 개념도3 conceptual diagram of photocatalytic reaction principle
도 4 질소산화물제거시험 개념도4 is a conceptual diagram of nitrogen oxide removal test
도 5 질소산화물제거 효율 그래프5 NOx removal efficiency graph
<도면 부호의 상세한 설명><Detailed Description of Drawings>
10 : 노상10: roadbed
20 : 보조기층20: auxiliary base
30 : 기층30: substrate
40 : 표면강화재40: surface reinforcing material
50 : 쇄석굵은골재50: coarse aggregate
60 : 이산화티탄(TiO2) 입자60 titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles
70 : 화산쇄설물 조골재70: volcanic debris aggregate
80 : 화산쇄설물 세골재80: volcanic debris fine aggregate
90 : 화산쇄설물조성물 경화체90: Volcanic chain crust composition cured body
100 : 태양광선100: sunlight
110 : 질소산화물 농도 측정 검지관110: nitrogen oxide concentration detection tube
120 : 아크릴 챔버120: acrylic chamber
130 : 혼합공기130: mixed air
140 : 화산쇄설물조성물 블록 시험체140: Volcanic debris composition block test body
최근 콘크리트나 아스팔트에서 벗어나 흙을 이용한 친 환경 흙포장 공법으로 공원이나 산책로 그리고 유적로 등에 흙포장을 하는 사례가 늘고 있다. Recently, more and more cases of soil pavement such as parks, walkways, and ruins by using environmentally friendly soil pavement methods using soil away from concrete or asphalt are increasing.
흙포장 공법의 장점은 원재료인 흙을 현장에서 쉽게 구할 수 있고 표면마모에 따른 색바램이 없으며 흙이 가지는 고유한 색상과 질감을 가지므로 포장면이 자연친화적이다. 흙의 기본특성인 원적외선 방출, 통기성 우수, 열전도율이 낮아 쾌적한 보행조건, 특히, 장시간 시간이 경과하면, 풍화과정을 통해 자연상태로 회귀 하는 장점으로 인해 점차 사용빈도가 늘고 있다. The advantage of the earth paving method is that the soil, which is a raw material, can be easily obtained on site, has no fading due to surface wear, and has a unique color and texture. As the basic characteristics of the soil are far-infrared emission, excellent breathability, and low thermal conductivity, the walking frequency is gradually increased due to the merits of returning to the natural state through the weathering process, especially after a long time.
그러나 문제점으로 첫째, 강도, 표면질감, 색상, 투수성, 동결융해정도 등에 일정한 기준이 없기 때문에 업계에서는 의뢰자와 시공자 간에 불편한 점이 많다. 일반적으로 흙시멘트에서는 흙 속에 함유된 유기물이 시멘트의 수화반응을 억제한다. 유기물중의 부식산(Humic Acid) 및 펄빅산(Fulvic Acid)은 시멘트의 수화반응에 의해 생성되는 수산화칼슘과 반응하여 부식산 칼슘을 생성하고 이와 같은 생성물이 수화되지 않은 시멘트 입자를 파괴시켜 시멘트의 수화반응이 저해 받는다. However, as a problem, firstly, there is no certain standard in strength, surface texture, color, permeability, and degree of freezing and thawing, so there are many inconveniences between the client and the contractor in the industry. In general, in the soil cement, organic matter contained in the soil inhibits the hydration reaction of cement. Humic acid and fulvic acid in organic matter react with calcium hydroxide produced by the hydration of cement to produce calcium humic acid, and this product destroys unhydrated cement particles to hydrate cement. The reaction is inhibited.
따라서, 종래의 소일(soil)콘크리트는 강도가 낮은 단점이 있다. 즉, 흙 고유의 특성을 살리다보면 포장재로서의 강도가 낮아지고, 흙포장 강도에만 치우치다보면 흙포장의 원래 의미가 무색해질 정도로 콘크리트와 동일한 질감을 나타내며, 균일한 품질관리가 어렵다는 점이다. Therefore, conventional soy concrete has the disadvantage of low strength. In other words, by utilizing the unique characteristics of the soil, the strength as a packaging material is lowered, and when it is biased only in the strength of soil packaging, it shows the same texture as the concrete so that the original meaning of the soil packaging is colorless, and uniform quality control is difficult.
특히, 고강도화를 위해 쇄석골재와 잔골재를 투입하고 시멘트를 다량 사용하며, 흙을 안료의 개념으로 일부 사용하는 방법들이 제시되고 있으나 이것은 흙포장이라고 하기는 어려워 흙을 안료로 사용한 콘크리트 포장으로 간주해야 할 것이다.In particular, the method of adding crushed aggregates and fine aggregates, using a large amount of cement, and using soil as part of the pigment for the purpose of high strength has been proposed, but it is difficult to say that it is a soil pavement. will be.
본 발명은 종래의 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로서, 화산활동에 의해 천연 소성됨으로써 유기물의 함유량이 적은 화산쇄설물의 특징을 이용하여 화산쇄설물 콘크리트의 고강도화를 목표로 하고, 시멘트와 화산쇄설물의 수화반응을 이용하여 에트링가이트(C3A·3CaSO4·32H2O) 및 수산화칼슘(Ca(OH)2) 등을 생성하여 팽창작용으로 건조수축 저감과 구조체의 조직 치밀화를 유도하며, 도로포장을 대기정화기능을 가지면서 적색의 천연색상으로 최대한 자연상태에 가까운 질감과 기능을 갖도록 조성하되 내구성이 우수하고 특히, 경제적으로 저렴한 도로포장을 하는데 목적이 있다.The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, by using the characteristics of volcanic debris with a low content of organic matter by natural firing by volcanic activity, aiming at the high strength of the volcanic debris concrete, using the hydration reaction of cement and volcanic debris To produce ettringite (C 3 A · 3CaSO 4 · 32H 2 O) and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ) to induce a reduction in dry shrinkage and densification of structure by swelling, and to purify road pavement It is designed to have the texture and function as close to the natural state as possible with the natural color of red, but with excellent durability and, in particular, the purpose of pavement of economically cheap road.
이와같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 화산쇄설물과, 시멘트와, 소석회 또는 석분과, 물의 최적 배합비율을 도출하여 도로포장용 화산쇄설물조성물의 최적 배합비율을 제시하고, 대기정화기능을 갖도록 광촉매(TiO2) 성분을 보강하여 도로포장 표면에 표출하는 환경친화적 화산쇄설물 도로포장을 제공하는데 특징이 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention derives an optimum blending ratio of volcanic chain sludge, cement, slaked lime or lime, and water, suggests an optimum blending ratio of volcanic chain sludge composition for road paving, and has a photocatalyst (TiO) to have an atmospheric purification function. 2 ) It is characterized by providing environmentally friendly volcanic debris road pavement by reinforcing the composition and expressing on the pavement surface
본 발명은 화산쇄설물, 시멘트, 소석회 또는 석분, 물로 조성되어 고강도를 발현하고 광촉매 반응으로 대기오염물질 제거기능을 갖는 환경친화적 기능성 화산쇄설물을 사용한 도로포장 조성물 제조에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to the production of road paving composition using environmentally friendly functional volcanic chain sulfide, which is composed of volcanic chain sulfide, cement, lime or lime powder, and water, which exhibits high strength and has a function of removing air pollutants by photocatalytic reaction.
본 발명은 화산쇄설물을 사용한 기능성 도로포장 조성에 있어서, 1단계(재료선별 및 시험)로 스크린을 이용하여 화산쇄설물을 선별하여 입도, 함수비, 다짐특성 등 재료시험을 수행하는 단계, 2단계(재료혼합)는 장비(PLANT혼합, Road Stabillizer, Grader)를 이용하여 화산쇄설물조성물(화산쇄설물+시멘트+소석회)을 건식 1차 혼합하고 1차 혼합후 물을 최적함수비에 맞게 살수하면서 2차 완전 혼합하는 단계, 3단계(포설 및 다짐)는 장비(피니셔, 그레이더, 백호, 소형불도져, 인력, 마카담롤러, 진동롤러, 타이어롤러)를 이용하여 화산쇄설물조성물을 10∼30cm 두께로 노상 또는 보조기층 상면에 포설하고 최대건조밀도의 95% 이상 되도록 다짐하는 단계 , 4단계(표면처리)는 선택적으로 표면에 쇄석포설인 경우(미끄럼방지 효과, 미관, 강도증진, 균열방지) 3단계에서의 1차 다짐 후, 5∼25mm 쇄석골재를 포설(5∼20kg/㎡)하고 2차 다짐하는 단계와, 쇄석포설 하지 않는 경우 표면강화재로 액상하드너(수용성 아크릴수지, 수용성 파라핀 경화제, 라크유제(L.A.C) 등)를 살포하는 단계, 5단계(양생)는 최소 1일 이상 양생포 또는 양생제로 양생후 교통개방하는 단계로 조성되는 화산쇄설물을 사용한 도로포장 조성물 및 그 방법을 제공한다.In the present invention, in the functional road pavement composition using volcanic debris, the screening of volcanic debris is screened using a screen in one step (material selection and test) to perform material tests such as particle size, water content, compaction characteristics, and step 2 (material Mixing) is a dry primary mixing of volcanic chain snow composition (volcanic chain snow + cement + slaked lime) using equipment (PLANT mixing, Road Stabillizer, Grader) The 3rd step (laying and compaction) is the equipment (finisher, grader, backhoe, small bulldozer, manpower, macadam roller, vibratory roller, tire roller) to make the volcanic
본 발명의 도로포장 조성물은 화산쇄설물과, 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 5∼20중량%의 시멘트와, 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 1∼10중량%의 소석회와, 화산쇄설물과 시멘트와 소석회의 혼합물 중량에 대하여 15∼30중량%의 물을 투입하고 혼합하여 생산하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The road pavement composition of the present invention is a volcanic debris, 5 to 20% by weight of cement, and 1 to 10% by weight of lime, and a mixture of volcanic debris and cement and slaked lime. It is characterized by producing by mixing 15-30% by weight of water.
본 발명은 다른 실시예로서, 도로포장 조성물에 있어서, 화산쇄설물 700∼1700kg/㎥과, 석분 300∼1300kg/㎥와, 시멘트 300∼500kg/㎥와, 물 60∼100kg/㎥의 배합비율로 혼합 조성되어 다짐으로 생산되고, 흡수율이 4∼6%이고, 대기정화기능을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 화산쇄설물을 주재로 한 도로포장 조성물 제조방법을 제공한다.In another embodiment, the present invention, in the road paving composition, is mixed in a blending ratio of 700-1700kg / m3 of volcanic debris, 300-1300kg / m3 of stone powder, 300-500kg / m3 of cement, and 60-100kg / m3 of water. The present invention provides a method for producing a road pavement composition based on volcanic chain sewage, which is composed and produced by compaction, has an absorption rate of 4 to 6%, and has an atmospheric purification function.
상기 흡수율은 골재의 품질에 따라 흡수율이 달라질 수 있는데 불량한 골재 를 사용할 경우 흡수율이 증가하여 4∼15%까지 될 수도 있다.The absorption rate may vary depending on the quality of the aggregate, but when the poor aggregate is used, the absorption may increase to 4 to 15%.
한편, 상기 화산쇄설물을 사용한 도로포장 조성물을 몰드에 타설 후 진동과 압력 다짐으로 콘크리트를 제조할 경우 압축강도와 휨강도가 높아 도로포장용 보도블록이나 벽돌 등의 생산에 사용할 수도 있다.On the other hand, when the road paving composition using the volcanic chain sewage is poured into a mold and then the concrete is manufactured by vibration and pressure compaction, the compressive strength and the flexural strength may be high, and thus may be used for the production of sidewalk blocks or bricks for road paving.
대기정화기능을 높이는 경우에는, 사용되는 시멘트 중량의 1∼5중량%의 아나타제형 이산화티탄을 시멘트와 혼합사용하여 화산쇄설물을 주재로 한 도로포장 조성물을 제조하는 방법을 제공한다.In the case of enhancing the atmospheric purification function, there is provided a method for producing a road pavement composition mainly based on volcanic chain sills using anatase type titanium dioxide of 1 to 5% by weight of the cement used in combination with cement.
화산쇄설물(Pyroclast)은 화산활동으로 생성된 스코리아(Scoria)와 화산재, 화산탄 등이 혼합되어 암반과 암반사이에 협재되어 있는 퇴적물을 의미하는 것으로 제주도내의 석산에 방대한 량이 발생되나, 주로 복토용 재료나 매립용으로 사용되고 있어 부가가치가 매우 낮다. 본 발명에서는 화산쇄설물의 화학성분중 이산화티탄(TiO2) 성분의 광촉매작용, 포졸란반응에 의한 내구성 증진, 적색의 천연색상을 구현할 수 있도록 한다.Pyroclast refers to the sediment that is interposed between rock and rock by Scoria, volcanic ash, and volcanic coal produced by volcanic activity, and it generates a large amount of stone in Jeju Island. As it is used for landfilling, its added value is very low. In the present invention, the photocatalytic action of the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) component in the chemical composition of the volcanic chain sulfide, to enhance the durability by the pozzolanic reaction, to realize a natural color of red.
표 1에 화산쇄설물, 시멘트, 소석회의 화학성분을 나타내고 있다. 화산쇄설물은 실리카(SiO2) 성분이 일반 점토 보다 현저히 낮고, 산화칼슘(CaO) 성분이 많다. 특히 이산화티탄(TiO2) 성분이 2% 이상 함유되어 있어 강력한 광촉매 기능을 발휘한다.Table 1 shows the chemical composition of volcanic debris, cement and slaked lime. Volcanic chain sulfide has a significantly lower content of silica (SiO 2 ) than ordinary clay and contains more calcium oxide (CaO). In particular, it contains 2% or more of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) component to exhibit a strong photocatalyst function.
또한, 화산쇄설물의 입도범위는 포장두께가 15cm 이하의 경우는 최대골재치수를 25mm 이하로 하고, 포장두께가 15cm 이상인 경우는 최대골재치수 40mm 이하 치수의 혼합골재 사용이 가능하다. In addition, the particle size range of the volcanic debris is 15mm or less in the maximum aggregate size is 25mm or less, and when the packaging thickness is 15cm or more, it is possible to use a mixed aggregate having a maximum aggregate size of 40mm or less.
석분은 화산쇄설물조성물의 흡수율을 적게하고 내구성 증진을 목적으로 사용된다.Stone powder is used for the purpose of reducing the absorption rate of volcanic chain siliceous composition and improving durability.
시멘트는 보통포틀랜드 시멘트를 사용하고, 경우에 따라서, 고로슬래그시멘트 등 특수 시멘트의 사용이 가능하다. 내구성 증진을 위해서는 고로슬래그미분말, 플라이애쉬, 콘크리트 폴리머와 같은 혼화재를 시멘트와 혼합사용하면 좋다. 시멘트는 화산쇄설물 입자의 결합에 이용할 목적으로 사용된다. 즉, 수분에 의한 시멘트 경화작용을 이용할 목적으로 사용된다.As cement, portland cement is usually used. In some cases, special cement such as blast furnace slag cement can be used. In order to increase durability, admixtures such as blast furnace slag powder, fly ash and concrete polymer may be mixed with cement. Cement is used for the purpose of bonding volcanic crust particles. That is, it is used for the purpose of utilizing the cement hardening effect | action by moisture.
화산쇄설물의 화학성분 중에서 CaO를 증가시키면 팽창성이 증진되고, Al2O3를 증가시키면 조강성이 강해지는 특성이 있다. 또한, 시멘트의 응결조절 및 초기강도 발현, 그리고 균열저감을 위해 일정량의 소석회 성분이 화학 조성상 필요하게 된다. Increasing CaO in the chemical composition of volcanic chain debris enhances the expandability, while increasing Al 2 O 3 has the property of increasing the roughness. In addition, a certain amount of calcined lime component is required in the chemical composition to control the coagulation of cement, to develop initial strength, and to reduce cracking.
소석회는 화산회와 화학반응과 포졸란반응에 의하여 지반개량 효과가 있고, 초기강도 증진에 효과적이다. 소석회는 박리(Water Damage) 저항성과 바퀴자국(Rutting)에 대한 저항성이 뛰어나기 때문에 도로포장의 채움재로 적합하다. 소석회에 물을 가하여 미장하면 수분증발과 함께 이산화탄소와 결합 후 석회석이 된다(Ca(OH)2 + CO2(공기중) ⇒ CaCO3 + H2O(증발)). 즉, 포졸란반응과 초기강도확보 그리고 건조수축에 의한 균열방지 목적으로 사용된다.Slaked lime has ground improvement effect by volcanic ash, chemical reaction and pozzolanic reaction, and is effective for increasing initial strength. Slaked lime is suitable for road pavement because of its excellent resistance to water damage and rutting. When water is added to slaked lime, it is combined with carbon dioxide and evaporated to form limestone (Ca (OH) 2 + CO 2 (in air) ⇒ CaCO 3 + H 2 O (evaporation)). That is, it is used for the purpose of pozzolanic reaction, securing the initial strength and preventing cracking by dry shrinkage.
물은 마실수 있는 정도의 깨끗한 물을 사용한다. 물은 시멘트와 소석회의 수화반응에 사용되고 최적의 수분 함량은 상기 화산쇄설물조성물인 화산쇄설물과 시멘트와 소석회의 혼합물 중량에 대하여 15∼30중량% 범위이다.Use clean water that you can drink. Water is used for the hydration of cement and slaked lime, and the optimum water content is in the range of 15 to 30% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture of volcanic broken sil and the mixture of cement and slaked lime.
화산쇄설물 도로포장의 경화원리는 수경성과 기경성을 동시에 이용한다. 수경성은 물과 수화반응에 의해 경화되므로 시멘트계가 대표적이고, 기경성은 공기중에서 수분증발과 동시에 경화되는 것으로 흙반죽이 대표적이다. 수경성의 대표재료인 시멘트와 기경성의 대표재료인 소석회를 사용한다.The hardening principle of volcanic clam road pavement uses both hydraulic and plowability. Since hydraulics are cured by water and hydration reaction, cement type is typical, and hardening is hardening at the same time as evaporation of water in the air. Cement, a hydraulic material, and slaked lime, a hard material, are used.
화산쇄설물을 주재로 한 도로포장 조성공법의 시공순서는 보조기층이나 노상 상면에 건조한 시멘트를 0.5kg/㎡ 내외의 범위로 뿌리거나, 물-시멘트비 70∼80%의 시멘트 슬러리를 뿌려서 표층과의 결합력을 증진시키는 것이 좋다. The construction procedure of the road pavement construction method based on volcanic debris is sprinkled with dry cement on the subbase or top of the road in the range of 0.5kg / m2 or by cement slurry with water-cement ratio of 70 ~ 80%. It is good to promote.
화산쇄설물을 사용한 도로포장 방법은 스크린을 이용하여 화산쇄설물을 선별하되 도로포장두께가 15㎝ 이하일때는 최대골재치수 25㎜ 이하로 선별한 화산쇄설물을 사용하고 도로포장두께가 15㎝ 이상일때는 최대골재치수 40㎜ 이하로 선별한 화산쇄설물을 사용하며, 상기 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 5∼20중량%의 시멘트와, 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 1∼10중량%의 소석회를 혼합하고, 상기 화산쇄설물과 시멘트와 소석회의 혼합물 중량에 대하여 15∼30중량%의 물을 투입하여 혼합한 화산쇄설물조성물을 10∼30cm 두께로 노상 또는 보조기층 상면에 포설하고 최대건조밀도의 95% 이상되도록 다짐하며, 표면처리는 선택적으로 하는데 표면에 쇄석포설인 경우(미끄럼방지 효과, 미관, 강도증진, 균열방지) 상기와 같이 95% 이상 1차 다짐 후, 5∼25mm 쇄석골재 포설(5-20kg/㎡)하고 2차 전압 다짐하는 단계와, 쇄석포설 하지 않는 경우 표면강화재로 액상하드너(수용성 아크릴수지,수용성 파라핀 경화제, 라크유제(L.A.C) 등)를 살포하고, 표면처리 후 양생은 최소 1일 이상 양생포 또는 양생제로 양생 후 교통개방하는 단계로 조성된다. The road paving method using volcanic clam sludge is to screen volcanic clam sludge using screen, but when the pavement thickness is less than 15cm, use volcanic clam waste selected to max. 25mm or less, and the maximum aggregate size is more than 15cm. Volcanic debris selected from 40 mm or less is used, 5 to 20 wt% of cement based on the weight of the volcanic debris and 1 to 10 wt% of slaked lime based on the weight of the volcanic debris, and the volcanic debris, cement and slaked lime. 15-30% by weight of water is added to the mixture of volcanic chain siliceous composition, 10-30 cm thick, placed on the upper surface of the roadbed or subbase layer and compacted to be 95% or more of the maximum dry density. In the case of crushed stone on the surface (anti-slip effect, aesthetics, strength improvement, crack prevention), as above, 95% or more after primary compaction, 5-25mm crushed aggregate laid ( 5-20kg / ㎡) and the second voltage compaction step, and if not crushed stone sprayed with a liquid hardener (water-soluble acrylic resin, water-soluble paraffin curing agent, lacquer emulsion (LAC), etc.) as a surface reinforcing material, and curing after surface treatment It is a step of opening traffic after curing with a curing cloth or curing agent for at least one day.
이때, 수화반응이 충분히 일어나도록 수분을 유지하는 것이 중요하다. At this time, it is important to maintain moisture to sufficiently occur the hydration reaction.
또한, 본 발명의 다른 실시예로 상기 소석회를 사용한 화산쇄설물조성물 대신에, 상기 도로포장의 두께에 따라 선별한 화산쇄설물 700∼1700kg/㎥과, 석분 300∼1300kg/㎥와, 시멘트 300∼500kg/㎥와, 물 60∼100kg/㎥의 배합비율로 혼합한 화산쇄설물조성물을 상기와 같이 노상 또는 보조기층 상면에 포설할 수 있다.In another embodiment of the present invention, instead of the volcanic chain sludge composition using the lime, 700-1700 kg / m3 of volcanic chain sludge selected according to the thickness of the road pavement, 300-1300 kg / m3 of stone powder, and 300-500 kg / cement. The methane and volcanic chain sewage composition mixed at a blending ratio of 60 to 100 kg /
포장두께는 10cm∼30cm 범위에서 교통하중과 화산쇄설물조성물의 강도에 따라 결정하며, 일반적으로 산책로는 10cm 내외의 범위, 소형주차장은 15cm 내외의 범위, 대형주차장은 30cm 내외의 범위로 설정한다.Pavement thickness is determined according to traffic load and strength of volcanic cladding composition in the range of 10cm to 30cm. In general, the trails are set within the range of 10cm, the small parking lot is within 15cm, and the large parking lot is within the range of 30cm.
화산쇄설물조성물의 배합설계는 1단계로 화산쇄설물의 입도를 결정하고, 2단계로 시멘트, 소석회 등 배합비를 결정하는 단계, 3단계로 롤러로 다짐이 가능한 최적의 물 투입비를 결정하여 혼합하여 화산쇄설물조성물을 제조한다. 표 3에서 압축강도와 휨강도는 28일 습윤양생 후의 시험결과이다.In the design of volcanic clam sludge composition, the volcanic clam sludge composition is determined in one step, the volcanic clam sludge composition is determined in two steps. Prepare the composition. In Table 3, compressive and flexural strengths are the test results after 28 days of wet curing.
표 2에서 배합은 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 5∼20중량%의 시멘트와, 화산쇄설물 중량에 대하여 1∼10중량%의 소석회와, 화산쇄설물과 시멘트와 소석회의 혼합물 중량에 대하여 15∼30중량%의 물을 투입하여 완전히 믹싱을 하는 방법으로 화산쇄설물조성물을 제조한다. In Table 2, the formulation is composed of 5 to 20% by weight of cement, 1 to 10% by weight of lime, and 15 to 30% by weight of mixture of cement and slag. The volcanic clam sulphate composition is prepared by mixing completely with water.
공시체의 제작과 시험은 아래와 같은 한국산업기준에 따라 실시하였다. KSF2329(시험실에서 흙시멘트의 압축 및 휨강도 시험용 공시체 제작하고 양생하는 방법), KSF2328(흙 시멘트의 압축강도 시험방법), KSF2325(흙 시멘트의 휨강도 시험방법). KSF2331(흙 시멘트 혼합물의 함수량과 밀도관계 시험방법) 시험은 함수량에 따른 공시체의 밀도를 계산해서, 최대의 다짐을 얻기위한 최적의 수분함량을 결정하기 위한 시험이다. The fabrication and testing of the specimens were conducted in accordance with the following Korean Industrial Standards. KSF2329 (method for fabricating and curing specimens for compressive and flexural strength test of soil cement in laboratory), KSF2328 (test method for compressive strength of soil cement), KSF2325 (test method for flexural strength of soil cement). The KSF2331 (Test of Water Content and Density Relationship of Soil Cement Mixtures) test is to determine the optimum water content to obtain the maximum compaction by calculating the density of specimens according to the water content.
표 3은 석분을 첨가한 화산쇄설물조성물 제조 배합비와 휨강도 및 흡수율 결과를 나타내고 있다. 시험은 KSF4419(보차도용 콘크리트 인터로킹 블록)의 시험방법에 따라 수행하였다. 화산쇄설물과 석분은 표건 상태의 것을 사용하였고, 석분을 화산쇄설물중량의 20%, 40%, 60% 대체 사용하였다. 석분의 량이 증가 될수록 휨강도가 증진되고, 흡수율이 낮아지는 것을 알 수 있다. 화산쇄설물은 최대골재치수가 10mm이고 석분은 5mm이다. 표 4의 결과로 볼때, 보도블록이나 벽돌과 같은 다양한 건자재의 제조가 가능하다.Table 3 shows the blending ratio, flexural strength and water absorption results of the volcanic chain siliceous composition with stone powder added. The test was performed according to the test method of KSF4419 (concrete interlocking block for sidewalks). Volcanic debris and stone powder were used in the dried state, and stone powder was replaced by 20%, 40%, and 60% of the volcanic chain snow weight. It can be seen that as the amount of stone powder increases, the bending strength is increased and the absorption rate is lowered. The volcanic clathrate has a maximum aggregate size of 10 mm and stone powder of 5 mm. As a result of Table 4, it is possible to manufacture various building materials such as sidewalk blocks and bricks.
표 4는 본 발명의 화산쇄설물, 시멘트, 소석회를 사용한 경우로서 종래의 흙포장은 고화재의 토양입자 구속효과에 의해 강도발현하는 원리이며, 주 용도가 토양의 안정화에 있다. 반면에 본 발명은 화산쇄설물의 포졸란 반응과 수화반응으로 강도발현을 하며, 광촉매기능을 발휘하고 도로표층(기층)용으로 개발되었다.Table 4 shows the case of using volcanic debris, cement, and slaked lime of the present invention, and the conventional soil pavement is a principle of expressing strength by the effect of restraining soil particles of solidified material, and its main use is stabilization of soil. On the other hand, the present invention has been developed for the road surface layer (base) by the strength expression by the pozzolanic reaction and hydration reaction of volcanic chain siliceous.
본 발명에서 압축강도와 휨강도가 종래의 흙포장 보다 높은 것은, 종래의 흙포장보다 유기물 함유량이 훨씬 적고, 화산쇄설물이 포졸란반응과 시멘트와의 수화반응이 뛰어나기 때문이다. 특히, 강도가 높아질 수 있는 최적의 배합비를 도출하였다. 본 발명은 최소 50kgf/㎠이상의 압축강도를 발휘한다. 종래의 흙포장에 비하여 본 발명은 시공성, 품질관리, 디자인 측면에서 월등히 뛰어난 효과를 나타낸다. 종래의 흙포장에서는 압축강도가 낮고, 그 편차가 굉장히 불규칙적이다. 한편 본 발명은 배합비에 따라 일정한 품질관리가 가능하다.In the present invention, the compressive strength and the flexural strength are higher than those of the conventional soil pavement because the content of organic matter is much lower than that of the conventional soil pavement, and the volcanic chain sulfide has excellent pozzolanic reaction and hydration reaction with cement. In particular, an optimum blending ratio was obtained which could increase the strength. The present invention exhibits a compressive strength of at least 50 kgf / cm 2 or more. Compared with the conventional soil pavement, the present invention shows an excellent effect in terms of workability, quality control, and design. In conventional soil pavement, the compressive strength is low, and the variation is very irregular. On the other hand, the present invention is capable of constant quality control according to the mixing ratio.
도 2는 차에서 방출되는 배기가스 즉, NOx, SOx, CO, HC 등 오염물질은 대부분 산성이기 때문에 강알칼리의 흙포장 표면에 신속히 부착하게되고, 이때, 태양광선의 자외선 성분과 화산쇄설물 도로포장 표면의 광촉매(TiO2)성분이 화학반응을 하게되고, 즉, 오염가스는 물(H2O), 이산화탄소(C2O)등으로 정화되거나, 표면에 부착된 질산칼슘(Ca(NO3)2)등은 비에 의해 청소가 되면, 원래상태의 깨끗한 표면을 유지할 수 있다. 즉, 자정작용(Self Cleaning)을 통해 오염물질을 정화시키는 개념을 도시한 것이다. 도 3은 광촉매 반응 원리를 확대하여 나타낸 그림이다. 오염물질이 대기표면에 노출된 이산화티탄 입자의 표면에 부착되면, 빛의 자외선과 광촉매반응을하여 오염물질이 정화되는 개념을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2 shows that the exhaust gases emitted from the car, that is, NOx, SOx, CO, HC and other pollutants are mostly acidic, so that they quickly adhere to the soil surface of the strong alkali, and at this time, the UV component of the sunlight and the road surface of the volcanic chain snow road Photocatalyst (TiO 2 ) component of the chemical reaction, that is, the pollutant gas is purified by water (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (C 2 O), or calcium nitrate (Ca (NO 3 ) 2 attached to the surface ) Can be cleaned by rain, keeping the original clean surface. That is, the concept of purifying contaminants through self-cleaning. 3 is an enlarged view of the photocatalytic reaction principle. When contaminants adhere to the surface of titanium dioxide particles exposed to the surface of the atmosphere, the contaminant is purified by photocatalytic reaction with ultraviolet light.
질소산화물 제거 시험체 제작 및 시험 방법Manufacture and test method of NOx removal specimen
국내는 물론이고 국외의 경우도 광촉매 효과를 시험하는 기준이 제시되지 않아, 최근 논문에서 발표되는 시험법을 참조하여 다음과 같이 시험을 수행하였다. 밀폐된 두께 1cm의 아크릴 챔버(60×60×60cm)에 화산쇄설물조성물 블록(40×40×2cm)을 투입하고, 질소가스를 투입한 후, NOx 농도 측정 검지관을 삽입하여 1시간 단위로 챔버내의 NOx 농도를 측정하였다. 자외선은 태양광을 이용하였고, 오전 9시에 시험을 개시하였다. NOx 농도 측정기는 미국 BACHARACH사의 ECA450모델을 사용하였다. 시험체의 반응면적은 1600㎠이고 챔버의 용적은 216,000c㎥이다.Since the standard for testing the photocatalytic effect is not provided in the domestic as well as the foreign countries, the following tests were performed with reference to the test method published in the recent paper. The volcanic chain sediment composition block (40 × 40 × 2cm) was put into a sealed acrylic chamber (60 × 60 × 60cm) with a thickness of 1cm, nitrogen gas was added, and the NOx concentration measuring tube was inserted into the chamber for 1 hour. NOx concentration in the solution was measured. Ultraviolet light used sunlight and the test was started at 9 am. NOx concentration meter was used ECA450 model of BACHARACH, USA. The reaction area of the test body was 1600 cm2 and the volume of the chamber was 216,000 c㎥.
도 4는 질소산화물 제거시험장치의 개요도를 나타내고 있다. 도 4에서 100은 태양광선, 110은 질소산화물 농도 측정 검지관, 120은 아크릴 챔버, 130은 혼합 공기, 140은 화산쇄설물조성물 블록 시험체이다. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a nitrogen oxide removal test apparatus. In FIG. 4, 100 is sunlight, 110 is nitrogen oxide concentration measurement tube, 120 is acrylic chamber, 130 is mixed air, and 140 is volcanic chain sulfide composition block test sample.
도 5는 표 3의 배합비 5에 의해 제조된 화산쇄설물조성물 블록의 시간경과에 따른 질소산화물 제거 성능을 도시하고 있다. 불과 6시간만에 160ppm의 질소산화물을 1ppm 이하로 낮추는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 종래에 발표된 사례가 없는 획기적인 성능을 발휘한다.Figure 5 shows the nitrogen oxide removal performance over time of the volcanic chain sulfide composition block prepared by the compounding
<실 시 예><Actual example>
시공자(김문훈,홍종현), 일시(2005년 6월 10일), 장소(제주시), 시공규모(폭2m, 길이 40m, 포장두께 12cm)의 화산쇄설물 도로포장을 시험시공하였다. 재료혼합은 표준배합으로 최대골재치수 20㎜의 화산쇄설물 2000kg/㎥, 시멘트 200kg/㎥, 소석회 100kg/㎥, 화산쇄설물의 수분을 측정한 결과 최적함수비에 3%정도 건조한 상태였다. 따라서, 화산쇄설물+시멘트+소석회를 강제식 믹서기에 투입하고 충분히 교반한 후, 최적함수비에 맞도록 혼합수 460kg/㎥를 물조리게로 골고루 뿌리고 충분히 혼합한 후 토출하여 노상 상면에 포설하고 롤러로 다짐을 하였다. 강도측정을 위해 샘플을 채취한 후, 공시체를 제작하였고, 화산쇄설물조성물의 28일 압축강도는 90kgf/㎠, 휨강도는 15.1kgf/㎠로 측정되었다. The road paving of volcanic debris roads of the builder (Kim Moon-hoon, Hong Jong-hyun), date and time (June 10, 2005), place (Jeju city), and construction scale (width 2m, length 40m, paving thickness 12cm) were tested. The mixing of the materials was standard mixing, which measured 2000kg / ㎥ of volcanic crushed snow with a maximum aggregate size of 20㎜, 200kg / ㎥ of cement, 100kg / ㎥ of calcined lime, and volcanic crushed snow, and dried 3% at the optimum water content. Therefore, after adding volcanic debris + cement + slaked lime to a forced mixer and stirring it sufficiently, 460kg / ㎥ of mixed water is evenly sprinkled with water to the optimum function ratio, mixed well and discharged. Was done. After taking samples for strength measurement, specimens were prepared, and the 28-day compressive strength of the volcanic chain sulfide composition was measured to be 90 kgf / cm 2 and the flexural strength was 15.1 kgf / cm 2.
기술적 측면Technical aspect
종래의 토양안정화에 이용되는 소일시멘트공법과 달리, 도로표층(기층)에 적합한 화산쇄설물을 사용한 기능성 도로포장 조성공법을 개발하였다. Unlike the conventional soil cement method used for soil stabilization, a functional road pavement composition method using volcanic debris suitable for road surface (base) was developed.
사용되는 결합재(시멘트)의 량이 많이지면 강도가 높아지는 것은 당연하지만, 일반 콘크리트와 동일한 질감 문제과 경제성 문제가 발생된다. 따라서, 최소한의 시멘트를 사용하고 압축강도와 휨강도가 종래의 소일(soil)콘크리트 보다 현저히 높은 화산쇄설물조성물을 개발하였다.Naturally, the higher the amount of binder (cement) used, the higher the strength, but the same texture problems and economic problems as general concrete occurs. Therefore, a volcanic cladding composition has been developed that uses minimal cement and has significantly higher compressive strength and flexural strength than conventional soil concrete.
화산쇄설물 도로포장은 원적외선 방사율이 높고, 질소산화물 제거효율이 매우 뛰어나다. 즉, 종래의 시멘트 도로나 흙포장이 가지지 못한 다양한 기능성을 갖추었다.Volcanic cladding road pavement has high far-infrared emissivity and very good nitrogen oxide removal efficiency. That is, it has a variety of functionalities that conventional cement roads and soil pavement did not have.
종래의 흙포장 공법과 비교하여 시공성이 양호하고, 품질관리가 편리한 장점이 있다. 이것은 단순히 점토질의 흙입자만을 이용하는 종래의 흙포장과 비교하여, 화산암 부스러기와 실트질 모래가 적절히 혼합된 화산쇄설물의 재료적인 특성과 시멘트와의 반응효율이 좋기 때문이다.Compared with the conventional soil pavement method, the workability is good and the quality control is convenient. This is because compared with the conventional soil pavement using only clay soil particles, the material properties of the volcanic debris mixed with volcanic rock debris and silty sand are good and the reaction efficiency with cement is good.
또한 본 발명은 포장도로의 흡수율이 적어 겨울철에 동결융해에 의한 피해가 전혀 없는 것을 확인하였고, 장기강도가 높아져서 내구성이 뛰어났다. 표면질감이 자연상태의 지반과 유사할 정도로 자연스러웠다.In addition, the present invention was confirmed that there is no damage due to freezing and thawing in winter due to the low absorption rate of the pavement, the long-term strength is high and excellent durability. The surface texture was so natural that it resembled the natural ground.
특히, 배합과 포설과정에 재료분리가 거의 발생하지 않아 별도의 보완작업이 필요없다. In particular, there is little material separation in the mixing and laying process, so no additional supplementary work is required.
도로포장의 장기관찰에 의하면, 동결융해에 의한 피해가 전혀없고, 표면패임이나 균열발생이 현저히 적었다.According to the long-term observation of the pavement, there was no damage caused by freezing and thawing, and the surface dents and cracks were significantly less.
본원 발명에 의한 도로포장으로 대기오염정화를 유도할 수 있다. 종래의 도로포장은 오염정화기능이 전무하지만 본원 발명은 강력한 오염정화기능으로 환경보전에 큰 효과가 있다. 즉, 포장표면의 화산쇄설물은 무수한 공극으로 노출되기 때문에 오염공기와의 흡착에 유리하기 때문이다.The pavement according to the present invention can induce air pollution purification. Conventional road pavement has no pollution purification function, but the present invention is a powerful pollution purification function has a great effect on environmental conservation. That is, the volcanic debris on the pavement surface is exposed to a myriad of pores, which is advantageous for adsorption with contaminated air.
경제적 측면Economic aspects
공법에 사용되는 주재료는 화산쇄설물과 석분이다. 이 두가지 재료는 산업부산물로서 현재까지 부가가치가 낮은 제품에 사용되었다. 이러한 산업부산물을 이용하여 고부가가치의 공법과 건자재를 제조한다. 특히, 화산쇄설물은 제주도 석산에 방대한 량이 발생되지만, 적당한 소비처가 없어 주로 복토나 매립용으로 소비된다. 이러한 산업부산물을 이용하기 때문에 가격 경쟁력이 매우 뛰어나다. 뿐만아니라 석산에서는 화산쇄설물이 다량 활용할 수 있는 용도가 없어 부지내에 대규모로 야 적되고 있는 실정이며 이에 따른 부지확보 및 조성비용 등이 발생된다. 특히, 제주도에는 점토질의 일반 흙이 적기 때문에 일반 흙은 가격이 높게 판매되고 있지만 화산쇄설물은 가격이 매우 낮다.The main materials used in the process are volcanic debris and stone dust. Both materials are industrial by-products and have been used in low value added products to date. The industrial by-products are used to manufacture high value-added methods and construction materials. In particular, volcanic debris is generated in Seoksan, Jeju Island, but there is no suitable consumer, so it is mainly consumed for cover or landfill. The use of these industrial by-products is very competitive in price. In addition, in Seoksan, volcanic debris is not used for a large amount, so it is being accumulated on a large scale in the site, resulting in site acquisition and construction costs. In particular, since Jeju has few clay-based soils, general soils are sold at high prices, but volcanic debris is very low.
문화적 측면Cultural aspects
적색의 화산쇄설물은 한반도 내에서는 제주 지역에만 분포된 광물로 그 색이 독특하다. 독특한 지역의 부존자원을 이용하기 때문에 이를 사용한 공법과 제품은 지역정서에 부합되고 독특한 지역의 문화를 나타낼 수 있다.The red volcanic clam is a mineral distributed only in the Jeju area within the Korean peninsula and its color is unique. Because of the use of unique local resources, the methods and products using them can be consistent with local sentiments and represent unique local cultures.
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KR100949945B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-30 | 홍종현 | A method for multiful mortar |
KR20150054079A (en) | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 주식회사 에코피아 | Soil Paving Material With Durability-Reinforced And It's Construction Method |
KR20200137871A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-09 | 주식회사 태산플랜트 | Functional mortar composition using lead stone and massato suitable for construction finishing materials or bike-only roads and making method thereof |
KR102592977B1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-23 | 최영재 | Elastic cork flooring material with excellent antibacterial properties and manufacturing method thereof |
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JPH05254900A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-05 | Shimizu Corp | Lightweight ultra-high-strength concrete |
KR100707135B1 (en) | 2005-01-20 | 2007-04-13 | 홍종현 | A New Integral Pavement System Using Pyroclast |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100949945B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-30 | 홍종현 | A method for multiful mortar |
KR20150054079A (en) | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 주식회사 에코피아 | Soil Paving Material With Durability-Reinforced And It's Construction Method |
KR20200137871A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-09 | 주식회사 태산플랜트 | Functional mortar composition using lead stone and massato suitable for construction finishing materials or bike-only roads and making method thereof |
KR102340248B1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2022-01-18 | 주식회사 태산플랜트 | Functional mortar composition using lead stone and massato suitable for construction finishing materials or bike-only roads and making method thereof |
KR102592977B1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-23 | 최영재 | Elastic cork flooring material with excellent antibacterial properties and manufacturing method thereof |
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