KR100792127B1 - Ondol Floor Board using Porous Carbon Materials and Manufacturing Method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ondol floorboard using a porous carbon material and a method for manufacturing the same; A porous carbon material that generates heat with power applied by being stacked on top of the heat insulating material; An ondol floorboard comprising a film for transferring heat generated from the porous carbon material, and a heat insulating material laminated on the film to insulate and dissipate heat, and has heat radiation and electromagnetic shielding effects at the same time as heat generation.

Porous carbon material, Ondol, Floorboard, Planar heating element, Wood ceramic

Description

Ondol floor board using porous carbon materials and manufacturing method

1 is an exploded perspective view of an ondol floor using a porous carbon material as an embodiment according to the present invention;

2 is a view showing a manufacturing process of an ondol floor using a porous carbon material according to the present invention;

3 is a view showing the arrangement of the porous carbon material according to the present invention,

4 is a view showing another arrangement of the porous carbon material according to the present invention,

5 is a view showing another arrangement of the porous carbon material according to the present invention,

6 is a view showing another embodiment of an ondol floor using a porous carbon material according to the present invention;

7 is a view showing a method of connecting electric wires between the porous carbon material of the present invention,

8 is a view showing a method for connecting an electric wire to the porous carbon material of the present invention.

♣ Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing ♣

10, 40: heat insulating material 12, 42: porous carbon material

14, 43: wires 16, 45: auxiliary insulation

18, 44: film 20, 46: insulation

The present invention relates to an ondol floorboard using a porous carbon material and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the porous carbon material prepared by impregnating and curing the thermosetting resin with wood, wood, wood fiber, rice hull or sawdust, etc. It relates to a method for producing a floorboard and its ondol floorboard.

In the related art, ceramic refers to porcelain or ceramics manufactured using clay or mineral as a main raw material, and refers to an inorganic material having ionic and covalent bonds in a broad sense. Carbon materials belonging to the inorganic material can also be said to be included in the ceramic. Therefore, after manufacturing a board in the form of a flat plate made of wood, wood, wood fiber or sawdust as a main raw material, it is impregnated with a thermosetting resin and impregnated, and then a ceramic as a porous carbon material made by firing at high temperature is known as' Woodceramics 'Is called. These wood ceramics are light and hard, have strong corrosion resistance and durability, electromagnetic shielding and far-infrared radiation effects, and maintain a unique porous structure of wood, making them widely used as raw materials, friction materials or building materials for electrical and electronic products. It is a material that can be applied to various fields.

Wood ceramics, such porous carbon materials, are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-164806 (Method for Producing Wood Ceramics) and Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-75323 (Carburizing of Composite Materials Made of Clay-Wood Element-Phenol Resin). Clay-wood ceramic porous carbon material manufacturing method) has been published.

Moreover, conventionally, ondol has been handed down in the form of a guddle field, and such ondol is laid with stone on soil or ocher ground, and filled with gravel or ocher, and dried, and then finished with jangpanji. The ondol constructed in this way was to burn the wood or straw, and ventilate the heat generated to heat the stone so that it functions as an ondol of the stone.

In recent years, the hot water pipes were piped to the concrete floor instead of the ondol, such as a saddleyard, and then filled with concrete and dried, and then floorboards or floorboards were completed. Therefore, a boiler must be installed to supply hot water through the hot water pipe, and the boiler is to burn fossil fuel or wood.

However, in the conventional ondol system using a saddleyard or hot water pipe, the complexity of the installation, the installation cost, and the maintenance cost are increased, such as the arrangement of the stone or hot water pipe, and the installation of a separate heating device for heating or supplying the hot water separately. There was a problem.

In the present invention to solve the problems of the conventional ondol system as described above, it is possible to manufacture the ondol floorboard by using the electrical properties and surface temperature changes by the resin impregnation rate and the firing temperature of the porous carbon material (wood ceramic), etc. The purpose is to provide a way.

In addition, the present invention is to be applied to a fixed ondol floorboard or a movable ondol floorboard using a porous carbon material.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the heat shield to block heat; A porous carbon material that generates heat with power applied by being stacked on top of the heat insulating material; It is characterized in that the ondol floorboard comprising a film for transferring heat generated from the porous carbon material, and a heat insulating material laminated on the film to insulate and dissipate heat.

In addition, the present invention, (a) preparing and installing the heat insulating material; (b) disposing a porous carbon material on the installed insulation; (c) connecting the porous carbon material with an electric wire; (d) filling auxiliary insulation between the porous carbon materials; (e) laminating a film on the porous carbon material and the auxiliary insulation; (f) is characterized by providing a method for producing ondol floorboards using a porous carbon material comprising the step of laminating the insulating material on the film.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an ondol floor using a porous carbon material as an embodiment according to the present invention.

First, the present invention uses wood, wood, wood fiber, sawdust or the like to produce a porous carbon material as a planar heating element. Preferably, wood, wood or wood fibers, etc. may be prepared in the form of sawdust. Furthermore, sawdust is produced using thin timber such as pine, larch or pine wood, and the thermosetting resin of powder is mixed with the prepared sawdust, and then hot pressed using a thermocompressor. Then, the thermosetting resin is impregnated and cured. By firing, a porous carbon material is obtained. Porous carbon material is light and hard, and has a structure of wood with corrosion resistance, far infrared radiation and thermal properties.

Since a general porous carbon material, ie, wood ceramic, exhibits various properties depending on the manufacturing method, a manufacturing method suitable for the purpose is important. In the present invention, the porous carbon material is used as a far-infrared radiator as the planar heating element, and the electrical properties and the surface temperature vary according to the numerical impregnation rate and the firing temperature at the time of manufacturing the porous carbon material. May be prepared.

Looking at the structure of the ondol floorboard using the porous carbon material of the present invention with reference to Figure 1, the heat insulating material 10 uses concrete or fiber panels or synthetic resin. That is, the heat insulating material 10 is to block heat, and concrete is poured into a predetermined area, for example, an area for installing ondol for heating in a room or a living room. In addition, when using synthetic resin, a fiber panel, etc. as the heat insulating material 10, it is preferable to prepare and install as much as a certain area, for example, the area which can be moved, or the area which can be carried. It is preferable to use a material that can insulate synthetic resin, and the fiber panel is preferably in the form of a heat shielding board in which reinforcing fibers or gypsum boards are embedded.

The porous carbon material 12 is made of wood, wood, wood fiber or sawdust, mixed with a certain proportion of powder to the thermosetting resin, prepared in the form of a board, and then impregnated by injecting liquid thermosetting resin, and then fired at high temperature It is. In addition, the porous carbon material 12 may be manufactured in a form that can cover a circular or polygonal or an entire area to be installed, depending on the use. It is preferable to use urea resin or phenol resin for thermosetting resin. And the electric wire 14 which applies electric power to the porous carbon material 12 is connected, and the electric wire 14 is connected in series or parallel according to the arrangement | positioning or arrangement of the porous carbon material 12. FIG. Since the calcined porous carbon material 12 is a conductor, it is preferable to coat the surface of the porous carbon material 12 for insulation in order to prevent leakage of applied power or short circuit to the outside. Further, another purpose of coating the porous carbon material 12 is to prevent the release of harmful substances from the thermosetting resin to the outside because the thermosetting resin is impregnated and fired. The coating treatment may use an insulating material or a synthetic resin.

The film 18 is to transfer heat generated from the porous carbon material 12, the film 18 preferably comprises a synthetic resin, that is, polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) component. The film 18 is light and has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm or less. Furthermore, the film 18 may be able to withstand the heat generated by the porous carbon material 12.

The heat insulating material 20 is laminated on the upper end of the film 18 to insulate and dissipate heat transmitted from the film 18. As the heat insulating material 20, it is preferable to apply a floorboard or a sheet of cardboard.

As described above, a process of manufacturing the ondol floorboard using the porous carbon material used as the lower material generating heat among the components of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2F.

2a installs a thermal insulator 10 on the bottom of the foundation. The heat insulator 10 constructs concrete in a room, a living room, or the like, or a material which can be insulated, such as a tile or a fiber panel, in a predetermined thickness and width.

2B, when the installation of the heat insulator 10 is completed, the porous carbon material 12, which is a planar heating element, is arranged and installed thereon. The arrangement arranges a plurality of circular or polygonal, preferably rectangular parallelepipeds having a predetermined size. That is, in the plan view of FIG. 3, the porous carbon materials 12 may be arranged at regular intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions, or in the plan view of FIG. 4, at least one of the porous carbon materials 12 may be arranged to be horizontally or vertically long. In addition, in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, one porous carbon material 12 may be laminated and installed on the heat insulating material 10.

2C shows the connection of the electric wire 14 between the arranged porous carbon materials 10 when the porous carbon material 10 is a planar heating element. The electric wire 14 supplies voltage and current applied from the outside, and the voltage and current are brought into a conductive state through the porous carbon material 10 of the conductor component. In the method of connecting the wires 14, a method of connecting the porous carbon materials 10 in series in FIG. 7A and a method of connecting the porous carbon materials 10 in parallel in FIG. 7B may be selectively applied. . In addition, the method of connecting the electric wire to the porous carbon material 10 is illustrated in FIG. 8A, in which the wire 50 is coupled to the side of the porous carbon material 10 by a screw 50 and the side of the porous carbon material 10 in FIG. 8B. The method of connecting to the solder 52 can be selectively applied. In the case of connecting the electric wire 14 with the solder 52 as shown in FIG. 8B, since the solder is not directly attached to the porous carbon material 10, the polymer type copper conductive paste is placed at the position where the porous carbon material 10 is to be soldered. After coating the wire (14) is connected. On the other hand, since the surface of the porous carbon material 10 is coated for insulation, it is preferable to insulate the insulation so as to insulate the portion where the wire 14 is connected.

FIG. 2D shows that the position of the porous carbon material 10 is fixed by filling the heat insulating material 16 between the porous carbon material 10 after the arrangement of the porous carbon material 10 and the electric wire 14 are connected. The interval between the (10) is kept constant.

2E is a film 18 having a predetermined thickness is fixed on the porous carbon material 10. The film 18 is made of synthetic resin, and polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), or the like is applied. The film 18 is to allow the heat generated from the porous carbon material 10 to be evenly transferred.

FIG. 2F is a lamination of the heat insulating material 20 on the upper layer of the film 18. The heat insulating material 20 is a part which is actually discharged to the outside after heat generated from the porous carbon material 10 is transferred through the film 18 to floorboards or sheetboards such as wood or paper.

Thus, through the manufacturing process of Figures 2a to 2f is produced on the flooring floor using a porous carbon material. In the present invention, the heating element is installed and installed in a room, a floor, a living room, or the like, such as an ondol or a hot water pipe.

That is, in Figure 6, another embodiment of the ondol floorboard is a porous carbon material 42, which is a planar heating element in the heat insulating material 40 of a predetermined size having a predetermined accommodating space portion to connect the electric wire 43, the porous carbon material ( After the auxiliary heat insulating material 45 is filled between 42), the film 44 can be put, and lamination | stacking heat insulating materials 46, such as a board or a floor board, can be laminated | stacked and manufactured. As such, the ondol floorboards that can be moved and carried are applicable to places where space construction is impossible or location cannot be installed on the floor. In other words, when the mobile and portable can be installed, it can be installed in a veranda, a kitchen, a warehouse, a bathroom, or the like, so as to generate heat and keep warm by applying power, and can also be applied for heat and heat keeping outdoors.

In addition, the porous carbon material applied to the present invention may be inserted between a material made of stone, such as a bed, especially a stone bed, to heat and warm. In addition, the ondol floorboard of the present invention is not limited to the floor and has various application ranges as a wall, a ceiling, or a building material that requires heat and insulation.

Meanwhile, the ondol floorboard using the porous carbon material of the present invention emits not only heat but also far-infrared energy useful to the human body when power is applied from the outside due to the physical characteristics of the porous carbon material. As such an example, the physical properties of the porous carbon material of the present invention are as follows.

First, sawdust is produced using a sawdust for the production of sawdust, using wood, particularly pine wood, larch or pine wood as a material. For the uniform particle size of the manufactured sawdust, the sawdust of 1mm or less is selected using a whisk, and the selected sawdust is adjusted to have a moisture content of 6wt% or less.

Sawdust whose moisture content is controlled below a certain ratio is mixed with a thermosetting resin of powder as an adhesive for manufacturing into a board. At this time, the thermosetting resin used as the powder is a phenol resin, the mixing ratio is 10wt%, the melting point is 80 ~ 90 ℃, the resin solid content is preferably 99%.

As the thermosetting resin, a sawdust mixed with powdered phenolic resin is hot pressed with a hot press to produce a flat board. The hot press is carried out at a temperature of 190 ° C., and the pressurization pressure is 40 → 20 → 10kgf / cm (three stages). Pressurization), and the thermal pressure time is 6 → 5 → 4 minutes (three stage hot pressing time), and a board having a density of 0.6 g / cm is produced. The sawdust mixed with the phenol resin of the powder as the adhesive is put in a square mold on the hot plate of the thermocompressor, and the upper surface is constantly adjusted, followed by thermocompression and molding to form a board having a predetermined size, for example, 26 cm × 26 cm × 1.4 cm. Manufactured in the form of a plate. The thermocompressor can manufacture boards under various pressurization conditions and hot press times at pressurization conditions of about 30 tons. The manufactured board can be cut to a desired size, for example, 12 cm x 12 cm x 1.4 cm.

Next, the board manufactured in the form of a flat plate is impregnated into a pressure reducing unit accommodating a liquid thermosetting resin. At this time, the pressure in the pressure reducer is impregnated by adjusting the thermosetting resin mixing rate to 40 to 80 wt% at 1 atm, and the thermosetting resin is adjusted to 51 to 53 wt% solids, specific gravity 1.06, viscosity 45 to 65 cps, and gelation time 80 to 95 sec. Then, the impregnated board is placed in a dryer and dried at about 60 ° C. for 10 hours, and then cured for 8 hours at 100 ° C. and 135 ° C., respectively.

Meanwhile, the hardened board is fired in a vacuum sintering furnace, and the impregnation rate of the thermosetting resin is 40 to 80 wt%, the firing temperature is 600 to 1,500 ° C, the elevated temperature is 2 to 6 ° C / min, and the maximum temperature holding time is 1 to. Firing under a condition of 5 hours produces a porous carbon material (S17).

Thus, the physical properties of the porous carbon material prepared in the present invention will be described by dividing the properties according to the resin impregnation rate, the properties according to the firing temperature, the properties according to the elevated temperature and the properties according to the holding time.

First, as properties in accordance with the resin impregnation rate, the physical properties are shown in Table 1 according to the firing conditions of the firing temperature 800 ℃, heating temperature 4 ℃ / min, holding time 2 hours.

Resin Impregnation Rate (%) Density (g / cm 3) Weight loss rate (%) Thickness reduction rate (%) Flexural strength (kgf / cm3) Thermal Conductivity (mm / sec) 23 ~ 50 ℃ 40 0.76 62.6 31.2 65.4 0.0091 50 0.79 60.8 29.8 68.0 0.0125 60 0.83 60.5 29.7 74.5 0.0158 70 0.83 59.8 28.8 77.3 0.0282 80 0.83 58.8 28.8 99.1 0.0315

In Table 1, the thermal conductivity is a porous carbon material (wood ceramic) placed on a silicon rubber heater set at a surface temperature of 80 ° C., a thermometer is attached to the sample surface, and the time taken to the reference temperature is measured. ) Is a comparison.

In Table 1, the physical properties of the resin impregnation rate are as follows: ① As the resin impregnation rate increases, the density increases because a large amount of thermosetting resin is converted into glassy carbon during carbonization. ② As the resin impregnation rate increases, the weight and thickness decrease rate decreases. ③ As the resin impregnation rate increases, the flexural strength increases. ④ The higher the resin impregnation rate, the better the thermal conductivity.

Table 2 below shows the electrical properties according to the resin impregnation rate, which is measured after about 30 minutes after connecting the electric wires.

Resin Impregnation Rate (%) Resistance Surface temperature (℃) Voltage (V) Current (A) Power Consumption (W) 50 1.70 44.4 3.69 2.94 10.85 60 1.60 45.0 3.61 3.12 11.27 70 0.88 56.7 3.27 5.82 19.23 80 0.56 61.4 3.07 7.14 24.43

In Table 2, the electrical properties according to the resin impregnation rate, ① The higher the resin impregnation rate, the resistance decreases and the power consumption increases. ② The higher the resin impregnation rate, the higher the surface temperature.

Table 3 shows the characteristics of far-infrared radiation as a property according to resin impregnation rate, and the measurement temperature was measured at 50 ° C. and 5 to 20 μm.

Resin Impregnation Rate (%) Far Infrared Emissivity (%) Radiation energy (W / ㎡) 50 92.6 43.0 60 91.8 42.6 70 91.9 42.6 80 92.4 42.9

In Table 3, the far-infrared radiation characteristics according to the resin impregnation rate did not tend to be constant for each resin impregnation rate. ② When the resin impregnation rate is 50%, the emissivity and radiation energy are the highest.

Next, as the properties according to the firing temperature, the physical properties are shown in Table 4 according to the firing conditions of the resin impregnation rate 70%, elevated temperature 2 ℃ / min, holding time 2 hours.

Firing temperature (℃) Density (g / cm 3) Weight loss rate (%) Thickness reduction rate (%) Flexural strength (kgf / cm3) Thermal Conductivity (mm / sec) 23 ~ 50 ℃ 600 0.75 58.5 24.0 54.2 0.0120 800 0.83 59.8 28.1 74.6 0.0282 1,000 0.83 59.9 28.8 65.1 0.0260 1,200 0.81 60.3 28.3 85.3 0.0389 1,500 0.76 62.3 28.9 77.6 0.0442

In Table 4, the physical properties according to the firing temperature are as follows: ① As the firing temperature increases, the density increases and then decreases after 1,200 ° C. ② The higher the firing temperature, the higher the weight and dimensional reduction rate. ③ The higher the firing temperature, the higher the thermal conductivity.

Table 5 below shows the results of the measurement of the far-infrared radiation characteristics and resistance as a property of firing temperature.

Firing temperature (℃) Resistance Far Infrared Emissivity (%) Far Infrared Radiation Energy (W / ㎡) 600 131.4 92.9 431 800 0.5 91.9 426 1,000 0.2 91.7 426 1,200 0.2 90.8 422 1,500 0.2 90.5 420

In Table 5, the far-infrared radiation characteristics and resistance according to the firing temperature, ① emissivity and radiation energy decreases as the firing temperature is higher. ② When the firing temperature was 600 ℃, the emissivity was 92.9% and the highest radiation energy was 4.31 × 10W ² / ㎡ · ㎛.

Next, as properties in accordance with the elevated temperature, physical properties are shown in Table 6 according to the firing conditions of the firing temperature 650 ℃, resin impregnation rate 70%, holding time 2 hours.

Temperature rise (℃) Density (g / cm 3) Weight loss rate (%) Thickness reduction rate (%) Flexural strength (kgf / cm3) Thermal Conductivity (mm / sec) 23 ~ 50 ℃ 2 0.83 58.5 28.6 79.5 0.0158 3 0.83 59.5 28.5 76.8 0.0141 4 0.82 59.8 28.8 83.5 0.0282 5 0.81 59.3 28.0 96.9 0.0074 6 0.79 60.3 28.0 87.8 0.0087

In Table 6, the physical properties according to the elevated temperature are as follows: ① As the elevated temperature increases, the density decreases slightly. ② It was found that the flexural strength did not have a constant tendency.

In addition, as the properties according to the holding time, the physical properties are shown in Table 7 according to the firing conditions of the firing temperature of 650 ℃, resin impregnation rate 70%, elevated temperature 4 ℃ / min.

Hold time (h) Density (g / cm 3) Weight loss rate (%) Thickness reduction rate (%) Flexural strength (kgf / cm3) Thermal Conductivity (mm / sec) 23 ~ 50 ℃ One 0.76 59.0 28.0 87.7 0.0032 2 0.83 59.5 27.5 90.5 0.0248 3 0.78 60.0 28.2 84.3 0.0132 4 0.79 58.5 28.5 94.5 0.0135 5 0.81 59.0 29.0 85.3 0.0094

In Table 7, the physical properties according to the holding time were: ① The density was the greatest when the holding time was 2 hours. ② It was found that the thermal conductivity did not have a constant tendency.

As described above, the characteristics change in the production of the porous carbon material was not significantly different in the conditions of cooling after the holding time after raising the temperature from the firing condition to the predetermined temperature, except that the resin impregnation rate (40 to 80%) and the firing temperature (600 to 1,500 ℃) was found to show a difference.

Wood, preferably sawdust, was used as the porous carbon material of the present invention, and powdered phenolic resin (Phenol-formaldehyde resin) was added to the sawdust as a thermosetting resin. As a porous carbonaceous material, sawdust as a porous carbon material was injected by impregnating the resin impregnation rate into 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% by injecting a liquid phenol resin. Used wood ceramics were prepared. The properties of the wood ceramics made of such sawdust can be produced in various ways according to the manufacturing method and the characteristics of the raw materials, in particular, it can be seen that the firing temperature and the resin impregnation rate are the most important factors for determining the properties of the porous carbon material. In other words, as resin impregnation rate increased, density, flexural strength and thermal conductivity increased, electrical resistance decreased, power consumption increased, and surface temperature of wood ceramics increased.

In addition, when the resin impregnation rate was 50%, the far-infrared emissivity was 92.6%, and the radiation energy was the highest at 430 W / m 2. As the firing temperature increased, the density increased and then decreased after 1,200 ℃. After the firing temperature of 1,000 ℃, there was almost no resistance and became a material close to the conductor. As the firing temperature increased, the far-infrared emissivity and radiation energy decreased. When the firing temperature is 600 ℃ it can be seen that the far-infrared emissivity is 92.9%, the radiation energy is very excellent at 431W / ㎡.

As described above, the ondol floorboard using the porous carbon material of the present invention has a structure in which the porous carbon material is arranged on the heat insulating material, and the film and the warming material and the heat insulating material are laminated after connecting the wires, and are easily used in a room, a living room or a floor. Not only can be easily applied, but also can be manufactured by mobile and portable, it is easy to install and uses electricity, and the maintenance cost is low, and it has the function of radiating far infrared rays and shielding electromagnetic waves at the same time as heating of porous carbon material. Invar, which is useful for the human body, is not limited to the above-described embodiments and may be easily changed or replaced by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

Insulation material made of any one of concrete, fiber panel or synthetic resin to block heat; A liquid thermosetting resin is prepared in the form of a board by mixing a powder thermosetting resin with a material comprising any one or more of wood, wood, wood fiber, and sawdust to generate heat with the power applied by being laminated on the top of the heat insulating material. A porous carbon material impregnated by injecting and firing; A film laminated on the porous carbon material to transfer heat generated from the porous carbon material; And Ondol floorboards comprising a heat insulating material for insulating and dissipating heat transferred by being laminated on the film. delete According to claim 1, wherein the material of the film ondol floor using a porous carbon material, characterized in that the polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP). The ondol floorboard using a porous carbon material according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is floorboard or sheetboard. delete According to claim 1, wherein the porous carbon material is in the form of a circle or polygon, ondol floor using a porous carbon material, characterized in that laminated on at least one on a heat insulating material. The ondol floorboard using a porous carbon material according to claim 1, wherein a wire for applying electric power to the porous carbon material is connected, the wires are connected in series or in parallel, and coated for insulation. delete Preparing and installing a heat insulating material made of any one of concrete, fiber panel, or synthetic resin; The thermosetting resin of the powder is mixed with the material comprising any one or more of wood, wood, wood fiber, sawdust on the installed insulation to prepare a board of a predetermined size, and then impregnated and calcined by injecting liquid thermosetting resin Arranging and installing a plurality of porous carbon materials having a predetermined size; Connecting wires between the plurality of porous carbon materials; Filling auxiliary insulation material between the plurality of porous carbon materials; Stacking a film on the plurality of porous carbon materials and auxiliary insulation; Ondol floorboard manufacturing method using a porous carbon material, characterized in that comprising the step of laminating the insulating material on the film.

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