KR100766475B1 - Apparatus for remote vital signal detection and its applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a remote that can obtain information about the movement of the internal organs even when the body moves arbitrarily by using a self mixing method that sums and squares the signal reflected from the skin surface and the signal reflected from the internal organs A biological information sensing device, comprising: a transmission amplifier stage for amplifying a transmission frequency signal, a transmission antenna for transmitting a signal amplified by the transmission amplifier to the body, and a skin reflection wave reflected after being incident on the body by the transmission antenna And a receiving antenna for receiving the long-term reflection wave, a receiving amplifier for amplifying the signal received by the receiving antenna, a frequency mixer for multiplying the square of the skin reflection wave and the long-term reflection wave amplified by the receiving amplifier and multiplying the multiplier, A band pass filter for filtering the signal that has passed and the band pass filter Characterized in that it comprises a; and the signal processing unit to find out the movement of the body organ through a signal, the biometric information verifying unit for obtaining biometric information through the movement of the body organ is obtained by the signal processing unit.

Selfmixing, Skin, Organs, Doppler, Frequency Mixer

Description

Apparatus for remote vital signal detection and its applications

1 is a view for explaining a conventional remote biometric information sensing apparatus 100;

2 is a graph for explaining a preferred frequency band of the present invention;

3 is a body model for explaining the remote biometric information sensing apparatus 400 according to the present invention;

4 is a view for explaining a remote biometric information sensing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a process in which radio waves transmitted through the transmission / reception antenna 403 of FIG. 4 are reflected by the skin 121 and the internal organ 122 and received by the transmission / reception antenna 403 again;

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a transmission / reception type remote biometric information sensing device in which the transmission / reception antenna 403 of FIG. 4 is separated for transmission and reception;

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a remote patient condition monitoring apparatus to which FIG. 6 is applied;

8 is a view for explaining a remote voice acquisition device to which FIG. 4 is applied;

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a security device to which FIG. 4 is applied;

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining an apparatus for detecting a disaster rescue living body to which FIG. 4 is applied; FIG.

<Description of reference numbers for the main parts of the drawings>

100, 400: remote biometric information detection device

102, 401: Oscillator 103, 403a: Transmission antenna

104, 403b: receive antenna 105: frequency mixer

106: low pass filter 107, 411: digital signal processing unit

109, 402: power amplifiers 110, 406: amplifiers

121: skin 122: internal organs

125: body 403: transmit and receive antenna

404: transceiver 405: low noise amplifier

407: log amplifier 431: skin reflection wave

432: long-term reflection wave 601: transmitter

602: receiver 701: patient

702: Person 703: Animal

800: wall 900: buried

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a remote biometric information sensing device, and more particularly, to a remote biometric information sensing device capable of capturing fine movements of an organ when there is an unwanted signal generated by random movement of a person.

When a wave, such as sound waves, radio waves, or light waves, is incident on a moving object, the frequency and phase of the wave reflected from the moving object change according to the movement of the object, which is known as a doppler effect.

로 변하게 된다. 여기서 속도 v의 방향은 물체가 실험자와 점점 가까워지는 방향이다. 따라서 도플러 효과를 이용하면 물체의 움직임 여부를 알수 있으며, 호흡 혹은 심박에 의한 미세한 피부의 움직임이나, 혈류와 같은 체내장기의 움직임 역시 도플러 효과를 이용하여 측정할 수 있다.When a wave with frequency fo is incident on an object moving at a constant speed v, the wave reflected from the object

Will change to The direction of velocity v is the direction in which the object is getting closer to the experimenter. Therefore, the Doppler effect can be used to determine whether the object is moving, and the movement of the organs such as minute skin movement or blood flow due to respiration or heart rate can also be measured using the Doppler effect.

1 is a view for explaining a conventional remote biometric information sensing device 100 for measuring the breathing or heart rate of a person using the Doppler effect.

Referring to FIG. 1, the remote biometric information sensing apparatus 100 amplifies a predetermined frequency signal output from the oscillator 102 by the power amplifier 109 and enters the body 125 through the transmission antenna 103. Most of the radio waves incident on the body 125 are reflected by the skin 121, and some of the radio waves penetrate into the skin and then are reflected by the internal organ 122. The signal reflected from the body 125 is received through the receiving antenna 104 and amplified by the amplifier 110 and then multiplied by the signal of the oscillator 102 by the frequency mixer 105. The output signal of the frequency mixer 105 is processed through the low pass filter 106 and the digital signal processor 107.

The movement 123 of the internal organs 122, such as breathing or heartbeat, is transmitted to the skin 121, and thus the microscopic movement 124 of the skin 121 is detected through the frequency of the received signal where the Doppler shift has occurred. Information about the movement 123 with respect to 122 may be obtained. That is, conventionally, biometric information, such as breathing and heartbeat, was obtained through information on the movement 124 of the skin 121.

When the distance between the skin 121 and the antennas 103 and 104 according to time is d (t), d (t) may be written as Equation 1.

Where λ is the wavelength of radio waves and n (t) is the largest integer that d (t) can be divided by the length of λ, and small (t) is the remainder of d (t) divided by the length of λ It has a length smaller than λ.

와

라 하면

와

수학식 2로 표현할 수 있다. The radio wave transmitted through the antenna

Wow

If

Wow

It can be expressed by Equation 2.

를 주파수 혼합기(105)와 저대역통과필터(106)를 통해 저주파로 주파수 하향시키면 수학식 3과 같은 도플러 신호 Doppler(t)를 얻게 된다.Received radio waves

When the frequency is lowered to the low frequency through the frequency mixer 105 and the low pass filter 106, the Doppler signal Doppler (t) as shown in Equation 3 is obtained.

항은 알지 못하는 임의의 값이 되므로 doppler(t)를 통해 small(t)의 정보를 얻을 수 없게 된다. If the human motion is smaller than λ, n (t) has a constant value, and according to Equation 3, doppler (t) has only small (t) information. But if a person's movement is greater than λ,

Since the term is an unknown value, the information of small (t) cannot be obtained through doppler (t).

Small (t), which is a small position displacement, contains information about the movement 124 of the skin 121 due to respiration and heart rate. Therefore, when the human motion is smaller than λ, the doppler (t) is processed through the digital signal processor 107 to obtain information about the movement 123 of the internal organ 122.

As described above, the conventional remote biometric information sensing device cannot obtain information on the movement 123 of the internal organ 122 in the situation where the body 125 moves larger than the wavelength of radio waves, and the body 125 stops. Information about the movement 123 of the internal organs 122 could be obtained only in a situation where the movement or the movement is smaller than the wavelength of the radio wave.

Therefore, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention, even if the body moves arbitrarily by using a self-mixing method that sums and squares the signal reflected from the skin surface and the signal reflected from the internal organs to the movement of the internal organs It is to provide a remote biological information sensing device that can obtain information about.

 Remote biometric information sensing apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above technical problem,

A transmission amplifier stage for amplifying a transmission frequency signal,

A transmission antenna for transmitting a signal amplified by the transmission amplifier to a body;

A reception antenna for receiving skin reflection waves [S _R1 (t)] and long-term reflection waves [S _R2 (t)] that are reflected after being incident on the body by the transmitting antenna;

A reception amplifier stage for amplifying a signal received at the reception antenna;

A frequency mixer for squaring and outputting a signal [S _R (t)] to which the skin reflection wave [S _R1 (t)] and the long term reflection wave [S _R2 (t)] amplified by the reception amplifier stage are squared and outputted;

A bandpass filter for filtering the signal passing through the frequency mixer;

A signal processor for detecting the movement of the organ through the signal passing through the band pass filter;

And a biometric information recognition unit for obtaining biometric information through the movement of the internal organ obtained by the signal processor.

Preferably, the reception amplifier stage includes a low noise amplifier for amplifying a signal received by the reception antenna, and an amplifier for amplifying a signal passing through the low noise amplifier. At this time, it is preferable to further include a log amplifier for amplifying the signal passing through the amplifier of the receiving amplifier stage.

It is preferable to use a low pass filter as the band pass filter.

The signal transmitted from the transmission antenna preferably has a variable frequency that is varied in a specific frequency or a predetermined pattern within a frequency range of 100 MHz to 40 GHz.

The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna may be integrated, and in this case, the function may be switched through a transceiving converter.

The signal processor preferably detects the movement of the organs by finding a displacement difference according to the time of the organ and the skin.

The biometric information obtained by the biometric information recognition unit may be a heart rate, a respiratory rate, or a voice signal. The voice signal may be obtained by detecting movement of the airways, lungs, or chest.

By using the remote biometric information sensing device according to the present invention it is possible to implement a remote patient condition monitoring device for detecting the patient's life by measuring the patient's breath and pulse in real time.

By using the remote biometric information sensing device according to the present invention, it is possible to implement a security device that distinguishes a person from another animal by measuring the heart rate of a living organism.

By using the remote biometric information sensing device according to the present invention, it is possible to implement a disaster rescue life sensing device for detecting life in a situation where life cannot be detected by human eyes such as a buried area.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The following examples are only presented to understand the content of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be capable of many modifications within the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these examples.

Figure 2 is a graph for explaining a preferred frequency band in the present invention, showing the transmission of radio waves to the skin, muscle, heart, body fluids according to the frequency. Referring to Figure 2, it can be seen that in the frequency range of 100MHz ~ 40GHz preferred in the present invention has a transmittance of several tens of mm to hundreds of um, the wavelength of radio waves in the frequency band used is less than the movement of the organ in the body about 3m ~ 8mm.

3 is a view showing a body model for explaining a remote biometric information sensing apparatus according to the present invention, a cross section of assuming the skin 121 and the internal organs 122 as a cylinder.

Referring to FIG. 3, when the internal organs 122 have movements of contraction and expansion, the skin 121 also contracts and expands. The radius of the internal organs 122 is referred to as R1, and Assuming that the radius is R2, when R1 changes by ΔR1, the displacement ΔR2 of the radius of the skin 121 can be expressed by Equation (4).

Therefore, DELTA R1-DELTA R2, which is the difference between the displacement DELTA R1 of the internal organ 122 and the displacement DELTA R2 of the skin 121, may be represented by Equation 5.

Here, the values of ΔR1-ΔR2 are values that do not change even when a person moves spatially. In addition, since the value of ΔR1-ΔR2 is ΔR1, that is, a value proportional to the movement of the organ, it has information about the movement of the internal organ 122. Therefore, by obtaining the temporal change of ΔR1-ΔR2 it is possible to obtain information about the movement of the internal organs 122 over time.

4 is a view for explaining a remote biometric information sensing apparatus 400 according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, a high frequency signal of 100 MHz to 40 GHz generated by the oscillator 401 is amplified by the power amplifier 402 to be incident on the body 125 through the transmission / reception antenna 403, and some of the incident radio waves are It is reflected from the skin 121 to form a skin reflection wave 431, and part of it is reflected from the internal organ 122 to form a long-term reflection wave (432).

The reflected waves 431 and 432 are received through the transmission and reception antenna 403 again. The transmission / reception antenna 403 is connected to the transmission / reception converter 404 and its function is switched through the transmission / reception converter 404. The received signal is amplified by a low noise amplifier (LNA, 405), an amplifier (AMP, 406), a log amplifier (log AMP, 407).

The log amplifier 407 is an amplifier in which the relationship between the input Vin and the output Vout has a logarithmic relationship as shown in Equation 6, wherein the amplification factor of a signal having a small signal level is larger than a signal having a large signal level. Therefore, the log amplifier 407 can amplify with a large gain for the small signal transmitted through the body and reflected.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which radio waves transmitted through the transmission / reception antenna 403 are reflected by the skin 121 and the internal organ 122 and received by the transmission / reception antenna 403 again. 5, the transmission and reception by time the antenna 403 and the skin transceiver according between the distance D ₁ (t) and the time of up to 121, the antenna distance D ₂ (t) of up to 403 and the body organ 122 The difference D ₁ (t)-D ₂ (t) can be represented by Equation 7.

Here, n (t) is a maximum integer that can divide the distance between the transmission and reception antenna 403 and the skin 121 by the length of λ, and s (t) represents a length smaller than λ that does not fall into the length of λ. In addition, the constant d is the distance between the skin 1021 and the internal organs 122, and ΔR1 (t) and ΔR2 (t) are the displacements of the skin 121 and the internal organs 122 over time.

Signal transmitted from the transmission and reception antenna 403

For example, the radio wave S _R1 (t) reflected from the skin 121 and the radio wave S _R2 (t) reflected from the internal organ 122 may be represented by Equation 8.

Here, A 'and A "represent the amplitude of the radio wave reflected from the skin 121 and the internal organ 122, respectively.

Referring back to FIG. 4, the signal S _R (t) received by the transmission / reception antenna 403, the signal S _mixerout (t) passing through the frequency mixer 409, and the signal passing through the low pass filter 410 are provided. S _RAW (t) may be represented by Equation 9.

Displacement difference vital (t) of the organs and skin over time can be represented by the equation (10).

S _RAW (t) shown in Equation (9) is a signal having information on vital (t) as in Equation (11).

Therefore, the digital signal processing unit 411 can obtain information on vital (t) through S _RAW (t). Since vital (t) has information about the movement of the internal organs 122 as shown in Equation 5, information about the movement of the internal organs 122 can be obtained regardless of the movement of the body.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a transmission / reception type remote biometric information sensing device in which the transmission / reception antenna 403 of FIG. 4 is separated for transmission and reception. Since the present invention does not need to synchronize the frequency of the transmission signal with the frequency of the reception signal, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmitter 601 transmits radio waves to the body and the receiver 602 receives signals reflected from the body. Can be separated. In this case, the antenna will be separated into a transmit antenna 403a and a receive antenna 403b, thereby eliminating the need for a transmit / receive converter 404.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a remote patient condition monitoring apparatus to which FIG. 6 is applied. The remote patient condition monitoring apparatus according to the present invention transmits a high output high frequency signal of 5W or more to the individual patients 701 through the transmitter 601, and detects the biological signals of the individual patients 701 through the plurality of receivers 602. In addition, the patient's condition is detected by monitoring the movement of the internal organs of each patient 701 in the above-described embodiment in real time.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a remote voice acquisition apparatus to which FIG. 4 is applied. The remote voice acquisition device according to the present invention receives the reflected signal to the remote biometric information sensing device 400 by injecting a radio wave to a person 702 at a remote location by using a transmission / reception antenna 403 having a high gain, Listen to the voice of a remote person by detecting vibrations in the airways, lungs, or chest that occur when you speak. Since the audible frequency of a person is 20 to 20 kHz, if only the signal corresponding to the audible frequency is obtained by the digital signal processor 411, the human voice signal can be remotely obtained.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a security device to which FIG. 4 is applied. In general, the smaller the animal, the faster the pulse rate. For example, human adults have a pulse rate of 60-80 per minute, and puppies 70-120 faster than adults. Therefore, by measuring the heart rate of the living creature invaded in the building by the remote biometric information detection device 400 it can be distinguished whether the adult 702 or the animal 703.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining an apparatus for detecting a disaster rescue living body to which FIG. 4 is applied. Radio waves may pass through an object such as a dry wall, and thus may detect the presence of a person 702 trapped in a buried area 900 or behind a wall 800 where the presence or absence of a human eye cannot be seen. .

As described above, according to the present invention, since information on the movement of the organs can be obtained remotely even when the body moves, heart rate measurement, remote voice acquisition, of a patient who cannot attach a sensor to a human body, It is very useful for security systems and for checking the existence of survivors in a disaster.

Claims (13)

A transmission amplifier stage for amplifying a transmission frequency signal; A transmission antenna for transmitting a signal amplified by the transmission amplifier to a body; A reception antenna for receiving skin reflection waves [S _R1 (t)] and long-term reflection waves [S _R2 (t)] that are reflected after being incident on the body by the transmission antenna; A reception amplifier stage for amplifying a signal received at the reception antenna; A frequency mixer for squaring and outputting the signal [S _R (t)] of the skin reflection wave [S _R1 (t)] and the long term reflection wave [S _R2 (t)] amplified by the reception amplifier; A bandpass filter for filtering the signal passing through the frequency mixer; A signal processing unit for detecting the movement of the organ through the signal passing through the band pass filter; And a biometric information recognition unit for obtaining biometric information through the movement of the internal organ obtained by the signal processor. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving amplifier stage, A low noise amplifier for amplifying a signal received at the receiving antenna; And an amplifier for amplifying the signal passing through the low noise amplifier. 3. The remote biometric information sensing device of claim 2, further comprising a log amplifier for amplifying a signal passing through the amplifier of the receiving amplifier stage. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the band pass filter is a low band pass filter. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a frequency of a signal transmitted from the transmission antenna is 100 MHz to 40 GHz. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna has a variable frequency that is varied in a specific frequency or a predetermined pattern within a frequency range of 100 MHz to 40 GHz. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are integrally formed and their functions are switched through a transceiving converter. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal processor detects movement of the internal organs by finding a displacement difference according to time between organs and skin. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the biometric information obtained by the biometric information recognition unit is a heart rate, a respiratory rate, or a voice signal. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the voice signal is obtained by detecting movement of the airways, lungs, or chests. Remote patient status monitoring device for detecting the patient's life by measuring the patient's breath and pulse in real time using the remote biometric information detection device of claim 1. A security device that distinguishes between an adult person and a dog by measuring the heart rate of the living organism using the remote biometric information detection device of claim 1. Disaster rescue life detection device using the remote biometric information detection device of claim 1 to detect life in a situation that can not detect life in human eyes, such as a buried area.

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