KR100752048B1 - freezing burst prevention system for heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat inflow tube through which the fluid flows, a fluid inflow header coupled to the fluid inflow side of the heat transfer tube, to which the fluid inflow tube is connected, a fluid outflow header coupled to the fluid outlet side of the heat transfer tube, and connected to the fluid outlet tube, and a fluid inflow header; A heat exchanger composed of a fluid outlet header and an automatic vent installed at the top of any one of the fluid outlet tubes, wherein the fluid in the heat exchanger is heated to a predetermined temperature to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger, and the heater and the heater coupling part. A heater section having; A drain control valve for draining the fluid in the heat exchanger to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger; A fluid detector for detecting a body water signal (ON) and a drain signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; A temperature detector for sensing a temperature of the fluid in the heat exchanger to detect an ON temperature signal ct1 and an OFF temperature signal ct2; A flow detector for detecting a flow signal (ON) and a floating signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; The heater and the drainage control valve are controlled to be switched to each other, and any one of the heater and the drainage control valve is operated by the body water signal ON, the operation temperature signal ct1, and the floating signal OFF. ON), and a control unit for controlling to stop (OFF) by the drain signal (OFF), the stop (OFF) temperature signal (ct2), and the flow signal (ON). Provide a system. As a result, the freezing accident of the heat exchanger can be prevented more safely, the freezing prevention of the heat exchanger can be efficiently controlled, the operation of the freezing prevention system can be operated by switching to emergency power even in the event of power failure, and the operation of the freezing prevention system Heating energy and drainage can be reduced.

Heat exchanger, freeze protection, heater, drain valve

Description

Freezing burst prevention system for heat exchangers

1 is a schematic control configuration diagram of a freeze protection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic block diagram of a control unit for controlling the freeze protection system of FIG.

3 is a schematic control flow chart for the freeze protection system of FIG.

4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the freeze protection system of FIG. 1;

5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a freeze protection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic control block diagram of a freeze protection system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic control flow chart for the freeze protection system of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the freeze protection system of FIG. 6.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10a, 10b, 10c: heat exchanger 11a, 11b: heat transfer tube

12: straight pipe portion 13: curved pipe portion

14a, 14b: fluid inflow header 15a, 15b: fluid inflow header

16: heat radiation fins 17, 28: coupling sphere

19, 29, 42, 52: drain valve 18: automatic ventilation valve

20: heater 21: heater

22: heater coupling unit 23: wiring box

24: heater housing 25: housing body

26 socket 27 communication tube

30: freeze protection member 41: heat source fluid inlet pipe

45: heat source fluid discharge pipe 46, 56: reverse side

51: cooling fluid inflow pipe 55: cooling fluid outflow pipe

60: heat exchange area 71: fluid detector

72: temperature detector 73: flow detector

74: overheat prevention switch 75: drain control valve

76: closed control valve 77: intake control valve

78: outside temperature detector 80: control unit

81: microcontroller unit 82: signal input

83: control value input unit 84: control signal output unit

85: display unit 86: alarm unit

87: remote control signal input and output unit 88: external storage unit

90: power supply 91: commercial power

92: emergency power 110: operation mode control unit

111a, 111b: operation switch unit 112: operation mode operation unit

113a, 113b: circulation pump power switch 114: power switch unit

115: operation mode switch unit 116: failure switch unit

120: heating control unit 121: heater power switch

130: drain control unit 131: drain control valve power switch

132: closed control valve power switch 133: intake control valve power switch

150a, 150b: fluid circulation pump 160: motor control center

The present invention relates to a freeze protection system of a heat exchanger in which a heat source fluid (cold water, hot water and steam) or a cooling fluid (cooling water) flows.

In particular, by heating the fluid in the heat exchanger to a predetermined temperature to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger, the heater having a heater, and a heater coupling portion; It has a configuration of a drainage control valve for draining the fluid in the heat exchanger to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger, and detecting the body water signal (ON) and the drainage signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger. A fluid detector; A temperature detector which senses a temperature of the fluid in the heat exchanger and detects an ON temperature signal ct1 and an OFF temperature signal ct2; A flow detector for detecting a fluid flow signal (ON) and a float signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; An overheat prevention switch outputting an overheat cutoff signal (OFF) for closing the heater power switch when the fluid in the heat exchanger is overheated above a predetermined set temperature; The heater and the drainage control valve are controlled to be switched to each other, and any one of the heater and the drainage control valve that is operated to be switched is the body water signal ON, the operating temperature signal ct1, and the floating signal ( (OFF), and any one of the drain signal (OFF), the stop (OFF) temperature signal (ct2), the flow signal (ON), and the overheat cutoff signal (OFF) It relates to a freeze protection system of a heat exchanger comprising a control unit for controlling to be turned off by a signal (OFF).

In general, a heat exchanger for an air conditioner in which a heat source fluid of cold water and hot water (or steam) flows into an inside of a heat transfer pipe, cools the air when cold water flows while flowing air to the outer surface of the heat transfer pipe, and When the vapor) is flowed to act as a heat exchange to heat the air.

The cooling tower heat exchanger in which the cooling fluid (cooling water) flows into the heat transfer pipe includes an evaporative cooling heat exchanger for flowing cooling water and air to the outer surface of the heat transfer pipe to evaporate and heat exchange the cooling fluid, and flow air to the outer surface of the heat pipe. While cooling fluid is divided into air-cooled heat exchanger for sensible cooling heat exchange.

Usually, a heat exchanger using water as a heat exchange fluid has the potential of freezing waves when exposed to sub-zero atmospheric temperatures. Heat exchangers for air conditioners may be exposed to freezing air when they encounter sub-zero outside air introduced through ventilation means (such as ducts that communicate with the air conditioners), or when the air conditioner's indoor temperature drops below zero. Heat exchangers for cooling towers may be exposed to freezing temperatures in direct contact with sub-zero atmospheric temperatures, but sub-zero atmospheric temperatures (or sub-zero air supply temperatures, indoors) when fluids (cold water, hot water, steam condensate, cooling water) flow in the heat exchanger. Exposure to temperature does not freeze.

However, when the fluid flow is stopped due to a power failure, a failure of the circulation pump, or when the fluid in the heat exchanger is not completely drained during the shutdown and maintenance of the equipment, the fluid that is in the heat exchanger is below zero. Exposure to temperatures (air temperature, air supply temperature, room temperature) can cause serious freezing accidents.

In particular, about 10% of the thermal expansion generated when the fluid in the heat exchanger is frozen causes the freezing to be generated at various places of the heat exchanger while advancing freezing from the weak point of the internal pressure, and thus the freezing and damaged heat exchanger is difficult to repair and reuse. It causes huge damages such as stopping operation of equipment due to freezing of heat exchanger, replacing and repairing heat exchanger.

In general, the conventional heat exchanger freeze protection device which is operated by electricity, the heating or drainage is applied,

The heating type has the advantages of preventing freezing residue in the heat exchange, fast freezing action, and preventing loss of fluid, while indirectly heating the outside of the heat exchanger, and a fluid conduit connected to the heat exchanger by convection of the heating fluid. Since the fluid is also heated in the phase, there is a disadvantage in that the consumption of heating energy is high.

Drainage has the disadvantage that fluid can remain in the non-drained portion and the fluid is lost in the heat exchanger as well as on the fluid conduit at a higher position than the heat exchanger. The energy consumption is significantly smaller.

In particular, in order to prevent freezing accidents that occur suddenly when the flow of fluid is stopped during the winter, the conventional freezing prevention device installed by adopting either heating or drainage is freezing accidents when the single device fails. Induced, it has not been successful in realizing safer freeze protection.

Conventional techniques for preventing freezing of heat exchangers are published in the following known art.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0019583 (2005.03.03) / heat exchanger for air conditioner,

A heat exchanger for an air conditioner comprising a socket and a U-band having a nipple for connecting heat exchange coils serving as passages for cold water, steam, or hot water, the disk being interposed between the nipple and the socket and ruptured according to a pressure increase. Further comprising, The socket is characterized in that the heat exchanger for an air conditioner having an open hole,

This allows the disc to be detached between the nipple and the socket to be detachably detached between the nipple and the socket as the pressure rises due to the freezing of the residual material inside the exchange coil so that the socket can be easily removed and only a new disc can be replaced. The present invention discloses an effect of minimizing the cost required for parts replacement.

And Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2006-0039879 (2006.05.09) / freeze protection device and system of the air conditioner with a vertical heat exchanger, the upper header and the lower header up and down, so that the coil between them vertically In the freeze protection device of an air conditioner having vertical heat exchangers connected at regular intervals, an automatic air valve for discharging air when the pressure rises and a strainer, a union, a ball valve, a tee, a nibble, and a redundancy are sequentially connected. One side of the tee is provided with a vacuum removing valve which is opened when the vacuum is opened, and is installed on the upper side of the lower header and the upper header of the vertical heat exchanger, and the valve is opened by detecting the vacuum while the drain is made. It is characterized by the freeze protection device of the air conditioner with a vertical heat exchanger to supply freeze to prevent freezing,

Accordingly, the upper header and the lower header are faced up and down, and a plurality of coils are connected vertically at regular intervals therebetween, and the cover is assembled to form a cooling coil and a heating coil, and to supply air thereto. By installing a solenoid valve controlled by a control unit connected to a vacuum elimination valve and a temperature sensor, it is possible to construct a system that can completely discharge residual water and prevent the freezing of the coil in advance to extend the service life of the coil and to ensure stability of operation. Disclosed are effects that can greatly contribute to improvement.

In addition, Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0300908 (2003. 01. 15) / freeze protection device of the heat exchanger for air conditioning,

An air conditioner including a mixing box into which outside air is introduced, a coil box including a coil assembly into which cold water or hot water flows, and a blower box for discharging air heat-exchanged through the coil tube to the outside, the lower side of the coil assembly It is characterized by the freeze protection of the heat exchanger for air conditioning formed by inserting one or more heating rods into the tube insertion hole,

Accordingly, by accurately detecting the temperature of the coil tube that can cause the freezing wave, by directly raising the temperature of the residual water in the coil tube, it is possible to prevent the effective freezing wave, and furthermore, the heating rod as a heat source is provided in the lower part of the coil assembly, It is possible to efficiently use the space of the mixing box, which was provided with a conventional heater, and to easily transfer heat to the coil tube, thereby reducing the power consumption, and to provide a heating rod to the tube insertion hole of the coil assembly. By inserting, the effect of simple installation and low manufacturing cost is disclosed.

The above-mentioned freeze protection technology of a heat exchanger includes a burst disk type freeze protection device that prevents freezing by transferring an expansion pressure to the outside during freezing of the heat exchanger,

Solenoid valve type freeze protection device which limits the structure of the vertical heat exchanger and prevents freezing by discharging moisture remaining in the heat exchanger through the solenoid valve opened and closed by a temperature sensor;

A heat-resistant rod-type freeze protection device for preventing freezing by heating the coil tube through one or more heat-transfer rods installed in the lower tube insertion hole of the coil assembly (tube plate and heat exchange fin).

The known rupture freeze protection device is capable of preventing the freezing of the heat exchanger due to the rupture of the disc during frost expansion, while entailing the complexity and replacement cost of replacing the ruptured disc, and artificially preventing freezing in the heat exchanger. It is required to thaw, and there is a problem in that fluid leaks to the rupture portion of the disc during thawing.

In addition, the known solenoid valve-type freeze protection device not only detects the water temperature in the header but also detects the body temperature in the drained header. When the temperature sensor senses the set temperature, the fluid in the heat exchanger Since the solenoid valve opens even when it is being flowed by a circulation pump and the fluid is not drained due to artificial drainage or leakage in the heat exchanger, fluid loss due to unnecessary drainage and unnecessary operation of the freeze protection device are prevented. If the solenoid valve is opened for drainage, if the pipe connected to the upper header and the lower header is at a higher position than the heat exchanger, all of the fluid in the pipe may drain, and a single freeze protection device may fail. In case of a power failure, there is a problem in that freezing prevention cannot be performed.

In addition, the well-known heat-seal rod-type freeze protection device is provided on the outer surface of the coil tube even when the fluid is flowed by the circulation pump in the heat exchanger and the fluid is not drained by artificial drainage or leakage in the heat exchanger. When the attached temperature sensor detects the set temperature, the heating rod is activated (heated), which may cause unnecessary operation and loss of heating energy (electricity) .At least the air in the coil box where the heat exchanger is installed must be heated to heat the coil tube. Since it is possible to prevent freezing by transmitting to the front surface of the heat exchange fluid, the consumption of heating energy can be increased than the direct heating of the heat exchange fluid, and there is a problem that the freezing prevention can not be performed in case of a single freezing prevention device or power failure. .

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to operate only when the fluid in the heat exchanger, the operation is stopped when the fluid flows in the heat exchanger, heating freeze prevention to heat the fluid in the heat exchanger to a predetermined temperature to prevent freezing It is to provide a freeze protection system having a means and a drainage freeze prevention means for draining a fluid to prevent freezing, and controlled to be switched between the operation.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a freeze protection system in which any one of a heated freeze protection means and a drainage freeze protection means is switched to another freeze protection means when a failure occurs.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a freeze protection system having control means capable of effectively preventing freeze waves of a heat exchanger.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a freeze protection system that is operated with minimal emergency power even during a power failure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a freeze protection system capable of reducing heating energy and drainage amount due to the action of freeze protection means.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, a fluid inlet pipe coupled to the fluid inlet side of the heat transfer pipe, the fluid inlet pipe is connected to the fluid inlet pipe, and the fluid outflow tube coupled to the fluid outlet side of the heat pipe A heat exchanger comprising a fluid outflow header to be connected, the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow header, and an automatic ventilation valve installed at the top of any one of the fluid outflow pipes. A heater unit which prevents freezing of the heat exchanger by heating to a temperature and has a heater and a heater coupling unit; A drain control valve for draining the fluid in the heat exchanger to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger; A fluid detector for detecting a body water signal (ON) and a drain signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; A temperature detector which senses a temperature of the fluid in the heat exchanger and detects an ON temperature signal ct1 and an OFF temperature signal ct2; A flow detector for detecting a flow signal (ON) and a floating signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; The heater and the drainage control valve are controlled to be switched to each other, and any one of the heater and the drainage control valve that is operated to be switched is the body water signal ON, the operating temperature signal ct1, and the floating signal ( And a control unit which controls to be turned on by the drain signal OFF, the stop temperature signal ct2, and the flow signal ON. It provides a freeze protection system of the heat exchanger.

Here, the heat exchanger is applied to an air conditioning heat exchanger through which a heat source fluid (cold water, hot water, steam) for cooling or heating air flows, and a cooling tower heat exchanger through which a cooling fluid (cooling water) flows.

The air conditioner heat exchanger is preferably composed of a hot water and a cold water heat exchanger in which cold water flows in cooling and hot water flows in heating, but a cold water (cooling) heat exchanger and a hot water (or steam) heat exchanger are individually It can also be configured as.

The cooling tower heat exchanger is preferably configured as a heat exchanger through which the coolant flows.

Here, the heat exchanger for both hot water and cold water preferably uses a pair of heaters and a drain control valve, and the heat exchanger for an air conditioner composed of cold water and hot water (or steam), respectively, It is preferable to apply a heater and a drain control valve, and it is preferable to apply a pair of heater and a drain control valve.

The heat exchanging tube bundle is preferably formed in a serpentine type by repeating a plurality of straight tubes and a curved portion (u-bend), but a straight line formed of only a plurality of straight tubes. It can also be configured as a straight type.

In addition, the heat pipes coupled to the fluid inlet header and the fluid outlet header may be arranged in a single serpentine, but may be half serpentine or double serpent ine. ) Can also be configured.

In addition, the heat pipe is preferably configured in the range of 2 to 6 rows (row), it may be configured in more than one row.

Here, the straight heat transfer pipe formed of only a plurality of straight pipe portions may be configured in a single row or a plurality of rows in the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header.

The heat transfer pipe may further include one or more tube sheet frames supporting the heat transfer pipe.

In addition, the heat transfer tube is preferably composed of a copper tube (copper tube), it may also be composed of a stainless tube (steel tube) or steel tube (steel tube).

In addition, it is preferable that the heat exchanger tube of the air conditioner heat exchanger and the heat exchanger tube for an air-cooled cooling tower further include a fin.

The fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header may be configured at one side of the heat transfer pipe (the fluid inflow side and the fluid discharge side are at one side) or at both sides (the fluid inflow side and the fluid discharge side are at both sides so as to be spaced apart from each other). Preferably, the heat transfer tube may be configured at an upper portion (eg, the fluid inlet side is at the top) and a lower portion (eg, the fluid outlet side is at the bottom).

And the one side of the fluid inlet header is preferably configured to further include a fluid inlet to which the fluid inlet pipe is coupled, the one side of the fluid outlet header is configured to further comprise a fluid outlet to which the fluid outlet pipe is coupled desirable.

In addition, the fluid inlet header and the lower portion of the fluid outlet header is preferably configured to further comprise a drain port and a drain valve is connected to the drain pipe, the fluid inlet header and. An auto air vent valve for discharging air remaining in the heat exchanger at the top of any one of the fluid outlet header, the fluid inlet pipe, and the fluid outlet pipe, or sucking air into the heat exchanger when the fluid is discharged. Although it is preferable to configure a, it is also possible to configure a plurality of automatic ventilation valves.

One side of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header is preferably configured to further include a coupler coupled to the heater coupling portion.

The header of any one of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header, to which the heater coupling part is mounted, is provided with the heater so as to prevent an increase in flow resistance and a flow imbalance which may occur due to the volume occupied by the heater. It is preferable to extend the diameter (inner capacity) to other headers that are not accommodated.

Here, the enlargement of the diameter is preferably enlarged so that the content of the header corresponding to the volume of the heater is increased.

Next, the heater unit is configured of a heater for heating the fluid, a heater coupling unit, and a wiring box to which a power source is connected.

In addition, the heater is preferably applied to a known immersion heater, but may also be applied to other types of heaters such as a sheath heater.

In addition, the heater coupling portion, it is preferable that the coupling inlet is configured on one side of any one of the fluid inlet header and the fluid outlet header, one side is closed and other to facilitate the installation, separation and inspection of the heater The side further comprises a heater housing consisting of an open cylindrical housing body, a coupler configured at an opening end of the housing body, and a plurality of communication tubes coupled to one of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header. It may be configured, and the heater coupling portion may be coupled to the coupling hole of the heater housing.

Here, the plurality of communication pipes which are coupled to the housing body so as to be in communication with any one of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header, are preferably coupled by welding, in order to facilitate coupling and separation, the flange is separable ( It may be configured to further include a flange or a union.

The heater may be configured to be directly housed in any one of the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow header, and the heater housing to directly heat the fluid in the heat exchanger to reduce heating energy. desirable.

And overheat prevention switch for forcibly closing the heater power switch when the fluid is overheated above a set temperature due to a failure of the temperature detector. Preferably, the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow header, and the heater housing are embedded in one of the fluid inflow header.

Next, the drain control valve is preferably configured as a solenoid valve, but may also be configured as a motorized valve.

The drain control valve is preferably installed at the bottom of the heat exchanger so that no fluid remains in the heat exchanger.

In addition, as a means for controlling the loss of fluid by draining only the fluid in the heat exchanger when the drain control valve is opened, the drain automatic valve is closed when the drain automatic valve is opened in conjunction with the opening and closing of the drain automatic valve, thereby It is preferable to further include a closed control valve in the fluid inlet pipe adjacent to the heat exchanger to block the flow of fluid into the heat exchanger and to open and flow the fluid when the drainage control valve is closed. It is preferable that the fluid outlet pipe further includes a reverse valve for blocking the flow of the fluid leaked into the heat exchanger in the fluid discharge pipe adjacent to the heat exchanger.

Here, in a cooling tower installed on a rooftop or an air conditioner installed in a rooftop system, the fluid outlet pipe is installed lower than an outlet of the heat exchanger so that no backflow fluid is generated or a small amount of backflow is installed. If the fluid inlet pipe is installed lower than the inlet of the heat exchanger does not generate a backflow fluid, or if the backflow is a small amount may be excluded from the installation of the reverse.

The closed control valve is preferably configured as an electric valve, but may also be configured as an electronic valve.

The normal ball type or float type automatic vent valve which is closed when it comes in contact with the fluid (water) and is opened when it is in contact with the air to discharge the air is in the heat exchanger in a state where the flow of the fluid is stopped. When the fluid is drained, the positive pressure of the fluid in the heat exchanger is lost and converted to negative pressure, which is opened by the physical action of negative pressure to inhale air into the heat exchanger.

However, the normal automatic ventilation valve based on the discharge of the air generated from the fluid circulation system to the outside is small in size and the amount of air that can be sucked by negative pressure is also small. If time is delayed and drainage is delayed while exposed to severe sub-zero temperatures, stagnant fluid in the heat exchanger and drainage pipes drained in small amounts may freeze, causing freezing accidents, and venting of automatic ventilation valves. If air is blocked due to corrosion or foreign matter, it may cause freezing accidents by impeding drainage to prevent freezing.

As a countermeasure for the limit of the operation of the automatic ventilation valve as described above, when the drain control valve is opened (ON), it further comprises an intake control valve that can intake air to drain more quickly, and the control It is preferable to further comprise a drain control unit.

Here, the opening (ON) and closing (OFF) of the intake control valve is controlled to be synchronized with the opening (ON) and closing (OFF) of the drain control valve, it is preferable that the intake control valve is an electromagnetic valve It is preferable.

The control unit inputs the fluid detector, the temperature detector, a detection signal input from the flow detector, and a contact (ON / OFF) signal input from a power switch of a fluid circulation pump for flowing fluid to the heat exchanger. A signal input unit; A microcontroller unit which compares and applies a signal input to the signal input unit with a set control value and outputs a control signal for operating (ON) and turning off (OFF) any one of the heater and the drain control valve; ; A control value input unit for inputting and modifying the control value; A control signal output unit for outputting the control signal; A display unit indicating a control state of the heater and the drain control valve; An alarm unit for comparing the input alarm detection signal and the failure signal with a predetermined control value and outputting an alarm signal; A power supply unit for supplying control power; The operation switch unit for opening and closing the control power (ON) and the switch, and when the open signal (ON) of the fluid circulation pump power switch is switched to the control standby mode, when the closed signal (OFF) is switched to the control operation mode When the operation mode operation unit is switched to an emergency power source supplied from an emergency power system (self-power generation equipment or a battery installation, etc.) due to a power failure during operation with a commercial power source, the operation of the heating control unit is stopped (OFF). At the same time, when switching to the operation (ON) of the drain control unit and switching the commercial power supply to commercial power, the operation of the drain control unit is stopped (OFF) and the operation of the heating control unit (ON). When the switch is switched to the operation (ON) of the power control switch for switching to and switching from the heating control unit, the operation of the drain control unit is stopped (OFF), and the operation is switched to the operation (ON) of the heating control unit. When switched to the operation (ON) of the water control unit, the operation mode switching switch unit for switching off the operation of the heating control unit and at the same time to the operation (ON) of the drain control unit, and the fault signal (OFF) of the heating control unit Is input, the operation of the heating control unit is stopped (OFF) and the switching to the operation of the drainage control unit (ON). When the fault signal (OFF) of the drainage control unit is input, the operation of the drainage control unit is stopped (OFF). An operation mode control unit configured to include a failure switching switch unit which switches to the operation of the heating control unit (ON);

A heater power switch that opens and closes the power to the heater (0N) and an overheat cutoff signal that closes (OFF) the heater power switch when the fluid in the heat exchanger is overheated above a predetermined set temperature. It is configured to further include an overheat prevention switch for outputting, the body signal (ON) of the fluid detector, the temperature signal (ct1) of the temperature detector (ON), and the floating signal (OFF) of the flow detector are all input And the heater power switch is turned on by the control signal outputted by comparing with the set control value, and applying the output signal. The heater heats the fluid, the drain signal of the fluid detector, and the temperature detector. When one of a stop temperature signal ct2 and a flow signal ON of the flow detector is input, the heater power switch is closed by a control signal outputted by comparing and applying the set control value. Been fluid A heating control unit controlling to stop heating;

A drain control valve power switch for opening and closing (0N) and closing (OFF) power to the drain control valve, a closed control valve power switch for opening and closing (0N) and closing (OFF) power to the closing control valve, and intake control The valve power switch further includes a control value set when both the body signal (ON) of the fluid detector, the temperature signal (ct1) of the temperature detector (ON), and the floating signal (OFF) of the flow detector are input. And the closed control valve power switch is closed (OFF) by a control signal outputted by comparison operation and applied, and the drain control valve power switch is opened (ON) to drain the fluid, and the drain signal of the fluid detector (OFF). ), When the temperature signal (ct2) of the temperature detector (OFF) and the flow signal (ON) of the flow detector is input, the drain control valve is compared with the control value and the control signal is output by applying and comparing the set control value power Soon as the waste closed (OFF) it is at the same time the closed control valve open-circuit power switch (ON) is preferably configured as a drain control unit for controlling so as to stop draining the simultaneous circulation of the fluid.

Here, the ON temperature signal ct1 of the temperature detector is preferably set between 1 ° C and 3 ° C, and the OFF temperature signal ct2 of the temperature detector is between 4 ° C and 6 ° C. Preferably, the overheat temperature signal OFF may be set between 10 ° C. and 15 ° C., but may be adjusted to an optimal setting temperature according to safety conditions of freezing and overheating prevention.

The control unit further includes an outside air temperature detector for detecting the opening temperature ot1 of the control power source in which the freezing prevention system is turned ON and the closing temperature ot2 in the OFF state, and control thereof. It is desirable to.

Further, the operation switch unit automatically turns on (ON) the control power by the open temperature (ot1) signal of the outside air temperature detector, and closes the control power by the closed air temperature (ot2) signal of the outside air temperature detector (OFF). It is preferable that the driving switch unit and one of the manual driving switch unit for manually controlling (ON) and closing (OFF) the control power by determining the temperature.

Here, the open air temperature ot1 of the outside air temperature detector is preferably set between 5 ° C and 7 ° C, and the closing temperature ot2 is preferably set between 8 ° C and 10 ° C. It can be adjusted to optimal setting temperature according to safety condition.

The outside temperature detector is preferably installed outdoors to detect the atmospheric temperature, but may be installed inside the air conditioner or inside the cooling tower to detect the ambient temperature of the heat exchanger, or in the machine room in which the air conditioner or cooling tower is installed. It can be installed in one area of the machine room to detect the temperature.

Next, the known microcontroller unit includes a central processing unit (CPU), a RAM, a ROM in which a control program is stored, analog and digital signal converters (ADC, DAC), and control. It may be configured as a signal input / output device (I / O) and peripheral circuits.

The ROM is preferably an EEPROM / electrically erasable programmable read-only memory.

In addition, the microcontroller unit, the peripheral circuit may include an interrupt (interrupt), a timer (timer), a communication means (UART (universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter), USB: universal serial bus, etc.) and the like.

The microcontroller unit includes two-position control (On / Off control), proportional control (P / proportional-control), proportional integral control (PI / proportional-integral control), proportional differential control (PD / proportional-derivative control), Proportional Integral Control (PID / Pro

It can be applied to any one or multiple control methods depending on the control condition among the control methods of the Rtional Integral Derivative Control.

The control program for operating the freeze protection system is preferably programmed to be compatible with a standard window operating system, but may also be programmed in other ways such as firmware. have.

In addition, the process, interface and control value setting and modification of the control program is preferably operated and operated through the control value input unit, but is connected to the serial I / O computer (desktop PC or laptop), portable operation terminal ( It may be operated and operated by a POT / portable operating terminal (POT), a personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like.

In the display section, the control unit initialization procedure and diagnosis display, control control value parameter operation display, agreement display of each monitoring control point ADDRESS, operation state monitoring display of each device, alarm occurrence display in case of various abnormalities, operation display And misoperation indication, date (year-month-date) and time display, input and display of maintenance schedule (maintenance, repair or replacement) by major components, recording of maintenance items (date and contents), accumulation of operating time It can be configured to further include maintenance examples such as integration, various schedules (total management points, status points, alarm points, measurement points, measurement upper and lower limits, etc.), and monitoring display functions such as power failure and recovery processing operation indications. .

The control value input section includes control value parameter operations, date (year-month-day) and time alarm operations, alarm operations for maintenance or replacement example time for each major component, request operations for various lists, and data of various programs. And a request operation function of an operation display item, such as a registration change operation, an address change operation of each control point, a power failure and recovery process (sequential startup) operation, and a request operation of other necessary items.

In addition, the control unit automatically records alarms (ON alarm, operating temperature ct1 alarm, heater failure alarm, floating alarm, overheating alarm, etc.), automatic recording at normal return, The data function of automatic recording at the time of status change, various operation records, various control contents records, self-diagnosis records such as maintenance (check, repair or replacement) for each major component, and other necessary items (recording) It can be configured to include more.

The additional function of the control unit described above can be selectively applied as necessary.

The alarm unit operates the alarm means according to the alarm control signal output by comparing and calculating and applying an alarm detection signal input to the microcontroller unit with a set control value, and the alarm means indicates an alarm sound through a speaker and a display unit. One or more of the alarm text, alarm graphic or alarm icon, and alarm lamp can be applied.

The external storage unit stores basic control parameters, recognizes and stores data of a control operation state in real time, and provides basic data on power failure compensation control operation upon re-applying after power failure or artificial power failure. Is preferable.

In addition, the control unit including the microcontroller unit includes a control interface, operation display means (lamps, etc.), wiring means (terminal blocks, etc.), and a detector to simplify identification and management of the control system. And a control power switch (switch or the like) of the operation unit. The module may be classified into an operation mode control unit, a heating control unit, and a drain control unit.

Preferably, the drain control valve power switch, the closed control valve power switch, and the intake control valve power switch are configured in the control unit, and the heater power switch and the circulation pump power switch are installed in a motor control center (MCC) of the facility. It is preferable to be configured at), but the place of the configuration may be optionally changed.

The control unit is preferably configured as a separate unit, but may also be incorporated in a central control center of a building facility (or plant facility).

Next, in preparation for a situation in which the heater and heating control unit, the drainage automatic valve and the drainage control unit fail simultaneously, the curved pipe portion, the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow header, and the heater housing of the heat exchanger When the fluid in the heat exchanger is frozen, it is preferable to further include a plurality of freeze protection members for transmitting freezing pressure to the outside to prevent freezing, the freezing prevention member is a known compression spring and bursting Applicable

Objects, features, and advantages of the present invention described above will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and as a result, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may easily facilitate the technical idea of the present invention. It can be done. In addition, in the following description of the present invention, detailed descriptions of functions and operations of the known technology that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Prior to the description, in the various embodiments, components having the same configuration will be representatively described in one embodiment by applying the same reference numerals, and in other embodiments, only the configuration different from the embodiment will be described.

1 is a schematic control block diagram of a freeze protection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a control unit for controlling the freeze protection system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic control flowchart of the freeze protection system, and FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the freeze protection system of FIG. 1. As shown in these figures,

The first embodiment of the present invention is a configuration of the freeze protection system of the heat exchanger 10a for an air conditioner, in which a heat source fluid flows, and a meandering heat transfer tube formed by repeating the straight pipe portion 12 and the curved pipe portion 13 ( 11a), a heat dissipation fin 16 to receive and mount the heat pipe 11a, a fluid inflow header 14a coupled to the fluid inlet side of the heat pipe 11a, and to which the fluid inlet pipe 41 is connected; A fluid outlet header 15a coupled to the fluid outlet side of the heat transfer pipe 11a and connected to the fluid outlet tube 45, and an automatic ventilation valve 18 installed at the top of the fluid outlet header 15a. The heat exchanger 10a is provided.

The fluid detector 71 detects the body water signal ON and the drain signal OFF of the fluid in the heat exchanger 10, and the flow signal ON and the floating signal OFF of the fluid in the heat exchanger 10. ) And a wastewater control valve 76 for blocking the fluid in the fluid inlet pipe 41 from flowing back to the fluid inlet pipe 41 adjacent to the fluid inlet header 14a. And a temperature detector 72 which senses the temperature of the fluid in the heat exchanger 10 to detect an ON temperature signal ct1 and an OFF temperature signal ct2, and prevents backflow. A reverse side 46 is provided in the fluid outflow pipe 45 adjacent to the fluid outflow header 15a.

Further, a drainage control valve 75 is provided at the bottom of the fluid outflow header 15a, and at the bottom of the fluid inflow pipe 41 and at the bottom of the fluid inflow header 14a, Drain valves 19 and 42 are respectively provided for manually draining the fluid in the fluid inlet pipe 41.

The heater in the heat exchanger 10a is heated to a predetermined temperature to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger 10a, and the heater unit having the heater 21, the heater coupling part 22, and the junction box 23. 20 is provided, the heater unit 20, a cylindrical housing body 25, one side of which is closed and the other side of which is open, a coupler 28 formed at the opening end of the housing body, and the fluid outflow It is coupled to the heater housing 24 which consists of the some communication pipe 27 connected in communication with the side part of the header 15a, and the socket 26 in which the overheat prevention switch position 74 is provided.

In addition, a drain valve 29 is provided at the lowest portion of the heater housing 24.

The curved pipe 13, the fluid inflow header 14a, and the fluid outflow header 15a include the heater 21, the heating control unit 120, the automatic drain valve 75, and a drain control unit ( When the fluid in the heat exchanger 10a freezes due to a failure of 130, a plurality of freeze protection members 30 are installed to transmit freezing pressure to the outside to prevent freezing.

Here, the freeze protection member 30 may be applied to known compression springs and bursting.

And a detection signal input from the fluid detector 71, the temperature detector 72, the flow detector 73, and a power supply of the fluid circulation pump 150a for flowing a heat source fluid to the heat exchanger 10a. The signal input unit 82 to which the contact signal input from the switch 113a and the overheat prevention switch 74 is input, and the signal input to the signal input unit 82 are compared with the set control value and applied to the heater 21. ) And a microcontroller unit 81 for outputting a control signal for operating (ON) and stopping (OFF) any one of the drain control valve 75 and the control value input unit for inputting and modifying the control value. (83), a control signal output unit (84) to output the control signal, a display unit (85) indicating a control state of the heater (21) and the drainage control valve (75), an input alarm detection signal and Alarm signal by judging and comparing the fault signal with the set control value The alarm unit 86 for outputting, the remote control signal input / output unit 87 for inputting and outputting a remote control signal, and basic control parameters are stored, and recognizes and stores the data of the control operation state in real time, and power failure or artificial Power supply for supplying control power to the external storage unit 88, which consists of an EEPROM providing basic data on the power failure compensation control operation upon re-applying after power off, and the commercial power 91 and the emergency power 92 A supply control unit 90, a heating control unit 120 for controlling the heater 21, a drain control valve 75, a drain control unit 130 for controlling the closing control valve 76,

The manual operation switch unit 111a for opening and closing the control power ON and OFF and the open signal of the fluid circulation pump power switch 113a are switched to the control standby mode and the closed signal is turned off. When the operation mode operation unit 112 and the commercial power supply 91 is supplied to the power supply unit 90 is switched to the control operation mode when the automatic switching to the operation of the heating control unit 120, the emergency by the power failure When the power 92 is supplied, the operation mode for switching the operation of the power switching switch unit 114 and the heater 21 and the drain control valve 75 automatically switched by the operation of the drain control unit 130 When the changeover switch 115, the heater 21 and the heating control unit 120 is broken, the operation of the drain control unit 130 is automatically switched, and the automatic drain valve 75 and the drain control unit 130 In case of a failure, the failure switching switch unit 116 is automatically switched to the operation of the heating control unit 120. The control unit 100 in which the operation mode control unit 110 configured is provided.

Here, although not shown in the drawing, the fluid outlet pipe 45 has an intake control valve 77 that can suck air to drain more quickly when the drain control valve 75 is opened (ON). The drain control unit may further include an intake control valve power switch 133 which is interlocked with the open and closed passages of the drain control valve power switch 131. .

A schematic control operation for the freeze protection system according to the present invention configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIG. 3.

Prior to the description, ON of the heater 21 is heating and OFF is heating stop, ON of each control valve 75, 76 is opening of the valve, OFF is indicating closing of the valve, and ON is a signal that detects a state in which the fluid is present in the heat exchanger (10a), that is, the body number, OFF is a signal that detects a state in which the fluid is empty, that is, drained state in the heat exchanger (10a), the temperature detector ( 72) is a signal of detecting a set temperature (ct1) for operating the freeze protection system, OFF is a signal of detecting a set temperature (ct2) for stopping the operation of the freeze protection system, the ON of the flow detector (73) Is a signal for detecting the state that the fluid is flowing in the heat exchanger (10a), OFF is a signal for detecting the state where the fluid flow is stopped in the heat exchanger (10a), OFF of the overheat prevention switch 74 is in the heat exchanger The heating of the heater 21 is forcibly stopped when the fluid is overheated above the set temperature to prevent overheating. In order to close the heater power switch 121 in order to turn off (OFF).

The detection signal from each detector and the contact signal of the fluid circulation pump power switch (ON / OFF) and the overheat prevention switch (OFF) are inputted to the microcontrol unit 81 to be compared with the set control value and applied and controlled. The output of the signal is a common control procedure, and thus all control procedures of the signal input and output to the microcontrol unit 81 are applied even if not described in the following control operation.

In addition, the control procedure for operating (alarming and deactivating) the alarm unit 86 by the input detection signal and the contact signal is general, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, when the driver turns on the manual driving switch unit 111a (S11a), the driving mode control unit 110, the heating control unit 120, and the drain control unit 130 are set to the control values of the microcontrol unit 81. It initializes and the ON (S12) of the operation mode operation part which switches a control standby mode and a control operation mode is applied.

Next, in the ON state of the operation mode operation unit, when the ON signal of the fluid circulation pump switch is input (S13a), it is switched to the control standby mode S14, and the closing signal (OFF) signal of the fluid circulation pump switch is input. (S15a) is switched to the control operation mode (S16), when the operation mode switching switch unit 115 is switched to the operation of the heating control unit 120 in the control operation mode (S17), the operation of the drain control unit 130 at the same time Is stopped (OFF) (S18), the heating control unit 120 is operated (ON) (S19), the failure signal (OFF) of the heating control unit 120 is input (S23) and at the same time fault switching switch unit 116 As a result, the heating control unit 120 is stopped (OFF) the operation is switched to the operation of the drain control unit 130 (S24) and the drain control unit 130 is operated (ON).

Next, in the control procedure (S16), when the operation mode switching switch unit 115 is switched to the operation of the drain control unit 130 (S24), at the same time, the operation of the heating control unit 120 is stopped (OFF) (S21). Then, the drain control unit 130 is operated (ON) (S22), the fault signal (OFF) of the drain control unit 130 is input (S25) and at the same time by the fault changeover switch unit 116, the drain control unit 130 The operation of is stopped (OFF) and the switching to the operation of the heating control unit 120 (S26) is switched on the heating control unit 120 (ON).

Next, when a power failure (S27) during operation to commercial power is switched to the emergency power (S28) and at the same time, the power conversion switch unit 114 stops the operation of the heating control unit 120 (OFF) (S29) and drain control unit ( 130 is switched to the operation (ON) (S30), when the commercial power is supplied (restored) (S31) is switched to the commercial power (S32) and at the same time the power conversion switch unit 114 is the operation of the drain control unit 130 Stop (OFF) (S33), switch to the operation (ON) of the heating control unit 120 (S34), when the operation stop of the freeze protection system is requested (S35a), the driver turns off the operation switch unit 111 (S36), the operation of the freeze protection system ends.

Next, the control of the heating control unit 120, in the control procedure in which the operation mode switching switch unit 115 is switched to the operation of the heating control unit 120 (S17), the start is the heater power switch is closed (OFF) In the state S40, the body signal (ON) S41 of the fluid detector 71, the operation (ON) temperature signal ct1 (S42) of the temperature detector 72, and the floating signal of the flow detector 73 are shown. When (OFF) is input (S43), the heater power switch 121 is opened (S44) according to a control signal output by comparing with the set control value and applying and outputting the fluid in the heat exchanger (10a) to a predetermined temperature. Heating to prevent freezing,

Drain (OFF) signal S45 of the fluid detector 71, the stop (OFF) temperature signal ct2 (S46) of the temperature detector 72, and the flow signal ON (S47) of the flow detector 73. And, if any one of the overheat cutoff signal (OFF) (S48) of the overheat prevention switch is input, the heater power switch 121 is closed (OFF) (S40) by a control signal outputted by comparing and applying to the set control value. Thus, the fluid heating in the heat exchanger 10a is stopped.

Next, the control of the drain control unit 130, in the control procedure in which the operation mode switching switch unit 115 is switched to the operation of the drain control unit 130 (S20), the drain control valve power switch 131 is started In the closed (OFF) state (S50), the closed control valve power switch 132 is in the open (ON) state (S52), the body water signal (ON) (S53) and the temperature detector (72) of the fluid detector (71) When the ON temperature signal ct1 (S54) and the floating signal OFF of the flow detector 73 are input (S55), the control signal is output by comparing with the set control value and outputting the control signal. The power switch 132 is closed (OFF) (S56) and at the same time the drain control valve power switch 131 is open (ON) (S57) to drain the fluid in the heat exchanger (10a) to prevent freezing,

Drain signal (OFF) S59 of fluid detector 71, stop (OFF) temperature signal ct2 (S60) of temperature detector 72, and flow signal (ON) (S61) of flow detector 73 When any one is input, the drain control valve power switch 131 is closed (OFF) (S50) and the closed control valve power switch 132 is opened according to a control signal outputted by comparing with the set control value and applying the control signal. ON) and the fluid is circulated at the same time as the fluid drainage in the heat exchanger 10a is stopped.

According to the configuration and control as described above, it is possible to prevent the freezing accident of the heat exchanger more safely by combining the heating and the drainage freeze protection system which are switched to each other, and when the fluid is in the heat exchanger or the flow is stopped. The freeze protection system is operated only and the freeze protection of the heat exchanger can be efficiently controlled by stopping the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state. When switching to emergency power, only essential emergency equipment such as emergency lights, fire fighting equipment, elevators are operated, and air-conditioning equipment that consumes a lot of power is usually stopped, but at least even if the air conditioning equipment is stopped. To prevent freezing accident by power failure It is possible to stop the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state, and to control the drainage of only the fluid in the heat exchanger during the drainage for freeze protection. Energy and drainage can be reduced.

In addition, by configuring a heater housing which is mounted in communication with any one of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header, the heater can be easily installed or separated in the existing heat exchanger and the heat exchanger at various positions.

5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a freeze protection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the second embodiment of the present invention is a configuration of a freeze protection system of the heat exchanger 10b for an air conditioner, and unlike the first embodiment described above, a heat source fluid flows and a plurality of straight pipes. A straight heat transfer tube 11b formed of a portion 12, a heat dissipation fin 16 mounted to receive the heat transfer tube 11b, and a fluid inflow tube 41 are coupled to the fluid inlet side of the heat transfer tube 11b. The fluid inflow header 14b to be connected, the fluid outflow header 15b coupled to the fluid outflow side of the heat transfer pipe 11b and connected to the fluid outflow pipe 45, and the top of the fluid outflow header 15b are installed. The heat exchanger 10b comprised of the automatic ventilation side 18 which becomes is provided.

Next, a coupler 17 is formed at one side of the fluid inflow header 14b, and a heater coupler 22 is coupled to the coupler 17 so that the heater 21 is the fluid inflow header 14b. Is housed inside.

Here, the fluid inflow header 14b on which the heater 21 is mounted has a diameter larger than that of the fluid outflow header 15b.

In the above description, the heater 21 is mounted on the fluid inflow header 14b. However, when the position of the fluid outflow header 15b is lower than that of the fluid inflow header 14b, the fluid outflow header ( 15b).

Next, the configuration of the control and the control procedure (flow) according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

According to the configuration and control as described above, it is possible to prevent the freezing accident of the heat exchanger more safely by combining the heating and the drainage freeze protection system which are switched to each other, and when the fluid is in the heat exchanger or the flow is stopped. The freeze protection system is operated only and the freeze protection of the heat exchanger can be efficiently controlled by stopping the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state. When switching to emergency power, only emergency essential equipment such as emergency lights, fire fighting equipment and elevators are operated, and the air conditioning equipment that consumes a lot of power is generally stopped.However, even if the air conditioning equipment is stopped, the minimum Prevents freezing accidents due to power outages by easily operating the drain control unit with emergency power It is possible to stop the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state, and to control the drainage of only the fluid in the heat exchanger during the drainage for freeze protection. Energy and drainage can be reduced.

In addition, by providing a configuration in which the heater can be directly mounted on any one of the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header, it is possible to reduce the convenience and cost of installation.

6 is a schematic control block diagram of a freeze protection system according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a schematic control flow diagram of the freeze protection system of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a freeze protection system of FIG. 6. It is a schematic configuration diagram. As shown in these figures, the third embodiment of the present invention is a configuration of the freeze protection system of the heat exchanger 10c for a cooling tower. Unlike the above-described embodiment, a cooling fluid (cooling water) flows, and a straight pipe portion is provided. (12) and a meandering heat transfer pipe 11a formed by repeating the curved pipe portion 13, and a fluid inflow header 14b coupled to the fluid inflow side of the heat transfer pipe 11a and connected to the fluid inflow pipe 41; And a fluid outflow header 15b coupled to the fluid outflow side of the heat transfer pipe 11a and connected to the fluid outflow pipe 45, and an automatic vent 18 installed at the top of the fluid inflow header 14b. A heat exchanger 10c is provided.

Here, the heat pipe (11a) evaporative cooling is applied as an example, the heat dissipation fin is shown as a structure that is not mounted, that is, consisting of a bare tube (bare tube), but the heat dissipation fin is essentially mounted on the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger of the air-cooled cooling tower. Since this is conventional, the configuration of the freeze protection system of the present invention is also applied to a heat exchanger for an air-cooled cooling tower, although not illustrated separately.

Next, at a predetermined position of the top of the fluid inflow header 14b, in order to prevent freezing, when the drainage control valve is opened (ON), an intake control valve capable of sucking air so that drainage is made more quickly ( 77).

The operation mode control unit 110 further includes an outside air temperature detector 78, and constitutes an automatic driving switch 111 b, and the driving switch 111 b of the outside air temperature detector 78. The control is configured to open (ON) the control power by the open temperature signal ot1, and to close the control power by the closed temperature signal ot2 of the outside air temperature detector 78 (OFF).

The drain control unit 13 further includes an intake control valve power switch 133 that opens and closes the intake control valve 77.

Here, the opening (ON) and closing (OFF) of the intake control valve (77) constitute a control so as to be synchronized with the opening (ON) and closing (OFF) of the drain control valve (75).

The schematic control operation for the freeze protection system according to the present invention configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIG.

As shown in the figure, unlike the above-described embodiment, when the open temperature signal ot1 of the outside temperature detector 78 is input (S10) to the operation mode control unit 110, the operation switch unit 111b is When it is automatically opened (S11b) and the closing temperature signal ot2 of the outside temperature detector 78 is input (S35b), the control procedure in which the operation switch unit 111b is automatically closed (OFF) (S36). It is configured to further include.

Next, the intake control valve power switch 133 is closed (OFF) (S51) in conjunction with the closing (OFF) (S50) of the drain control valve power switch 131 in the drain control unit 130, the drain control valve In addition, the control procedure of the intake control valve power switch 133 is open (OFF) (S58) in conjunction with the open (ON) (S57) of the power switch 131 is configured to further include.

According to the configuration and control as described above, it is possible to prevent the freezing accident of the heat exchanger more safely by combining the heating and the drainage freeze protection system which are switched to each other, and when the fluid is in the heat exchanger or the flow is stopped. The freeze protection system is operated only and the freeze protection of the heat exchanger can be efficiently controlled by stopping the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state. When switching to emergency power, only emergency essential equipment such as emergency lights, fire fighting equipment and elevators are operated, and the air conditioning equipment that consumes a lot of power is generally stopped.However, even if the air conditioning equipment is stopped, the minimum Prevents freezing accidents due to power outages by easily operating the drain control unit with emergency power It is possible to stop the operation of the freeze protection system in the state where the fluid is drained in the heat exchanger and in the flowed state, and to control the drainage of only the fluid in the heat exchanger during the drainage for freeze protection. Energy and drainage can be reduced.

In addition, even if the driver's management member and unexpected sudden temperature decrease occur, the freezing prevention system can be automatically driven by the detection signal of the outside temperature detector, thereby preventing the freezing accident that is not prepared.

In addition, in order to prevent freezing, when opening the drain control valve (ON), the air can be sucked through the intake control valve to drain more quickly, thereby preventing freezing and freezing due to the drainage delay. have.

As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described based on the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention, because the present invention can be applied in a variety of industries, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, it will be limited only by the contents described in the claims to be described later.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the freezing accident of the heat exchanger more safely, to effectively control the freezing prevention of the heat exchanger, to operate the freezing prevention system by switching to emergency power even in the event of power failure, and freezing prevention system It can provide a freeze protection system that can reduce the heating energy and the amount of drainage due to the operation of.

Claims (9)

A heat transfer tube through which a fluid flows, a fluid inflow header coupled to a fluid inlet side of the heat transfer tube, and a fluid inflow tube connected thereto, a fluid outlet header coupled to a fluid outlet side of the heat transfer tube and connected to a fluid outlet tube, In the heat exchanger comprising a header, the fluid outflow header, and an automatic ventilation valve installed on the top of any one of the fluid outflow pipe, A heater unit for heating the fluid in the heat exchanger to a predetermined temperature to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger and having a heater and a heater coupling unit; A drain control valve for draining the fluid in the heat exchanger to prevent freezing of the heat exchanger; A fluid detector for detecting a body water signal (ON) and a drain signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; A temperature detector which senses a temperature of the fluid in the heat exchanger and detects an ON temperature signal ct1 and an OFF temperature signal ct2; A flow detector for detecting a flow signal (ON) and a floating signal (OFF) of the fluid in the heat exchanger; The heater and the drainage control valve are controlled to be switched to each other, and any one of the heater and the drainage control valve that is operated to be switched is the body water signal ON, the operating temperature signal ct1, and the floating signal ( A control unit which is turned on by means of OFF, and is controlled to be turned off by means of the drain signal, the stop temperature signal ct2 and the flow signal. Freeze protection system of the heat exchanger, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, The heat exchanger is any one of an air conditioning heat exchanger in which a heat source fluid (cold water, hot water, steam) for cooling or heating the air flows, and a heat exchanger for a cooling tower in which the cooling fluid (cooling water) flows. Freeze protection system. The method of claim 1, The heat transfer pipe is composed of any one of a meandering heat transfer pipe formed by repeating the straight pipe portion and the curved pipe portion, and a straight heat transfer pipe formed of only a plurality of straight pipe portions, And the fluid inflow header and the fluid outflow header are any one of one side or both sides of the heat transfer tube, and one configured above and below the heat transfer tube. The method of claim 1, Wherein the heater coupling portion is mounted to the coupling port further comprises one side of the fluid inlet header and the fluid outlet header, Is coupled to any one of the fluid inlet header and the fluid outflow header, and any one of the mounting further comprising a heater housing having a plurality of communication pipes and coupling holes, One of the headers to which the heater coupling part is mounted is configured to enlarge a diameter (intrinsic content) than other headers to which the heater is not mounted to prevent an increase in flow resistance and flow imbalance of the fluid through the heater. Freeze protection system of the heat exchanger, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, Means for controlling so that only the fluid in the heat exchanger is drained when the drain control valve is opened, The fluid inlet pipe, in conjunction with the opening and closing (ON / OFF) of the automatic drain valve, the drain automatic valve is further provided with a closed control valve which is closed when the opening is closed and opened when closing, The fluid outlet pipe, the freeze protection system of the heat exchanger, characterized in that further comprising a reverse displacement to block the flow back of the fluid into the heat exchanger. The method according to claim 1 or 4, When the fluid in the heat exchanger freezes due to a failure of the heater and the drainage control valve, the curved pipe portion, the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow header, and the heater housing of the heat exchanger transmit the expansion pressure to the outside. And a plurality of freezing preventing members for preventing freezing, wherein the freezing preventing members are any one of a compression spring type and a burst type. The method according to claim 1 or 5, The control unit inputs the fluid detector, the temperature detector, a detection signal input from the flow detector, and a contact (ON / OFF) signal input from a power switch of a fluid circulation pump for flowing fluid to the heat exchanger. A signal input unit; A microcontroller unit which compares and applies a signal input to the signal input unit with a set control value and outputs a control signal for operating (ON) and turning off (OFF) any one of the heater and the drain control valve; ; A control value input unit for inputting and modifying the control value; A control signal output unit for outputting the control signal; A display unit indicating a control state of the heater and the drain control valve; An alarm unit for comparing the input alarm detection signal and the failure signal with a predetermined control value and outputting an alarm signal; A power supply unit for supplying control power; The operation switch unit for opening and closing the control power (ON) and the switch, and when the open signal (ON) of the fluid circulation pump power switch is switched to the control standby mode, when the closed signal (OFF) is switched to the control operation mode When the operation mode operation unit and the commercial power supply become a power failure during operation and are switched to the emergency power source, the operation of the heating control unit is stopped (OFF) and switched to the operation of the drain control unit (ON), and the commercial power is energized. (Restored) and switching to commercial power supply, the power switching switch unit for switching off the operation of the drain control unit and switching to the operation (ON) of the heating control unit and the operation of the heating control unit (ON). When switched, the operation of the drain control unit is stopped (OFF) and at the same time, the operation of the heating control unit is switched on (ON). When the switch is turned on (ON), the operation of the heating control unit is stopped (OFF). Ship at the same time When the operation mode changeover switch unit for switching the hand control unit to the operation (ON) and the failure signal (OFF) of the heating control unit are input, the operation of the heating control unit is stopped (OFF) and at the same time the operation of the drain control unit (ON). When the switching is switched, and when the fault signal (OFF) of the drain control unit is input, the operation mode consisting of a fault switching switch unit for switching off the operation of the drain control unit (OFF) and switching to the operation (ON) of the heating control unit at the same time A controller; And a heater power switch for opening and closing the power to the heater (0N) and closing (OFF), and an overheat prevention switch for preventing overheating of the heater, wherein the body detector signal (ON) and the temperature detector of the fluid detector are further included. When both the ON temperature signal ct1 and the floating signal OFF of the flow detector are input, the heater power switch is turned ON by the control signal outputted by comparing with the set control value and applying the applied control signal. When the heater heats the fluid and one of the drain signal (OFF) of the fluid detector, the temperature signal (ct2) of the temperature detector (OFF) and the flow signal (ON) of the flow detector is set A heating control unit for controlling the heater power switch to be closed (OFF) and to stop heating the fluid by a control signal outputted by comparing and applying a control value; Further comprising a drain control valve power switch for opening and closing the power to the drain control valve (0N) and closed (OFF), and a closed control valve power switch for opening and closing the power to the closed control valve (0N) and closed (OFF) When the body signal (ON) of the fluid detector, the temperature signal (ct1) of the temperature detector (ON) and the floating signal (OFF) of the flow detector are all input, it is compared with the set control value and applied The closed control valve power switch is closed (OFF) by the output control signal and the drain control valve power switch is opened (ON) to drain the fluid, and the drain signal (OFF) of the fluid detector and the temperature detector When any one of the temperature signal ct2 and the flow signal ON of the flow detector is input, the drain control valve power switch is closed by a control signal outputted by comparing with the set control value. ) And at the same time The closed control valves are open-circuit power switch (ON) the frost protection of the heat exchanger system being configured to drain control unit for controlling so as to stop draining the simultaneous circulation of the fluid. The method of claim 7, wherein The driving switch unit further comprises an outside air temperature detector to prevent a freezing accident caused by failing to prepare for the driver's management member and an unexpected sudden drop in temperature, and to the open temperature signal ot1 of the outside air temperature detector. The control power is turned on (ON) and the automatic power switch unit turns off the control power by the closed temperature signal (ot2) of the outside temperature detector, and the driver manually turns on the control power by judging the temperature. ) And the freeze protection system of the heat exchanger, characterized in that any one of the manual operation switch unit to be closed (OFF). The method according to claim 1 or 7, One of the fluid inlet pipe, the fluid inflow header, the fluid outflow pipe, and the fluid outflow header may suck air to drain more quickly when the drain control valve is opened. And further comprising an intake control valve The drain control unit, the intake control valve power switch and the control in conjunction with the open (ON) and closed (OFF) of the drain control valve power switch further comprises a control and freeze protection system of the heat exchanger, characterized in that the configuration.

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