KR100748848B1 - Closed type expansion tank with safety equipments - Google Patents

Abstract

A closed expansion tank with a safety unit is provided to secure the safety of a pipe system using a non-compressive fluid whose volume is changed by temperature by accurately recognizing a cause when pressure rises. A closed expansion tank with a safety unit includes an air chamber, a water chamber, an expansion water introduction hose, a partition diaphragm, and one of an electrically conductive detection unit, a dye detecting detection unit(30), a reflection detecting detection unit, and a pressure detection unit. A compressive fluid exists in the air chamber. A non-compressive fluid is introduced into the water chamber if the pressure of a pipe is high and the non-compressive fluid is discharged into the pipe again if the pressure of the pipe is low. The expansion water introduction hose guides the water in the pipe into the water chamber. The partition diaphragm divides the air chamber and the water chamber to prevent the compressive fluid and the non-compressive fluid from making contact with each other.

Description

Closed expansion tank with safety device {Closed type Expansion Tank with Safety Equipments}

1 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a general hermetic expansion tank;
2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a contact structure of an electrically conductive sensing device as an embodiment of a hermetic expansion tank with a safety device according to the present invention;
3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a dye-sensing type sensing device as another embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a refractive sensing sensor as another embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a hermetic expansion tank having a safety device with a pressure sensing unit as another embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a configuration of a general piping system;
7 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the location of the incompressible fluid in the piping system before the temperature is changed in the conventional hermetic expansion tank,
FIG. 8 is a schematic view schematically showing that an incompressible fluid is moved to a water chamber when the volume is increased due to an increase in temperature in the state of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view schematically showing that an incompressible fluid stored in a chamber is moved back to a piping system when the temperature decreases in the state of FIG. 8.

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<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
1: expansion water connector 2: air inlet
3: hermetic expansion tank 4: air chamber (inside)
5: Diaphragm (Brader, Diaphragm) 6: Water chamber (inside)
7: Inflating water inlet hose 8: Pedestal
9: drain 10: inside the sealed expansion tank
11 hole 12 outside the sealed expansion tank
13 socket 14 weld
15: screw portion 16: piping
17: flow direction of incompressible fluid
20: mechanism using electrical conductivity 21: conductive contact
22: non-conductive resin 23: external output
30: Mechanism using solubility of dye 31: Transparent or translucent resin or glass
32: dye part 33: diffusion layer
34: airtight part 35: observation window
36: fixing device
40: mechanism using the refractive index of light 41: light emitting portion
42: light receiver 43: light path
44: internal control unit 45: external output unit
46: transparent resin 47: contact portion
48: incompressible fluid 49: compressible fluid
50: pressure detection unit 51: boiler

52 pump 53 heat exchanger

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 The present invention is to check the abnormality of the components of the hermetic expansion tank, which is a device that protects the system in the hermetic piping system utilizing various physical properties of incompressible fluids such as water and oil, and in an integral hermetic expansion tank to which a compressor or other control system is attached. The present invention relates to a hermetic expansion tank having a safety device for detecting or monitoring a breakage in a diaphragm to ensure stability of piping system.

In general, the incompressible fluid has a large volume depending on the temperature of heating, cooling, cooling, heating, etc. The piping system is made of materials such as iron or composite materials, and the volume of the incompressible fluid cannot be increased freely. The pressure rises sharply, and the equipment, apparatus, and piping connected to this piping system cannot be tolerated the pressure and are damaged.

If there is 10000 kg of water in the pipe, the volume increased when the first 50 ° C water later changed to 90 ° C.

(Retained quantity in piping × (specific volume of final temperature-specific volume of initial temperature) = 10000 × (1.03959-1.01207) = 238.3 liters)

It is 238.3 liters, and if this amount is not discharged to the outside or a separate space is not accommodated, the pressure of the pipe increases rapidly.

At this time, since the volume of water changes with temperature, the specific volume, which is the volume per unit mass, is numerically arranged and the results are shown in the following [Table 1].

Temperature (℃) Specific volume ( l / kg) Temperature (℃) Specific volume ( l / kg) 4 1.00000 60 1.01705 5 1.00001 65 1.01979 10 1.00027 70 1.02270 15 1.00087 75 1.02576 20 1.00177 80 1.02899 25 1.00294 85 1.03237 30 1.00435 90 1.03590 35 1.00598 95 1.03959 40 1.00782 100 1.04343 45 1.00985 110 1.05150 50 1.01207 120 1.06010 55 1.01448 130 1.06930

 The expansion tank absorbs this pressure increase so that the system does not rise above a certain pressure. The expansion tank is classified into an open type and a closed type.

In the case of the open expansion tank, the external air and the fluid in the piping system may come into contact with each other, which may cause corrosion of the pipe, inflow of foreign substances, and contamination. In order to solve this problem, a closed expansion tank is generally used.

 As shown in FIG. 1, the hermetic expansion tank includes a water chamber 6 through which an incompressible fluid can flow when the incompressible fluid is expanded, and an air chamber 4 containing a compressive fluid. There is a diaphragm 5 for preventing contact between the incompressible fluid and, when the volume of the incompressible fluid increases with the change of temperature, the fluid can be contained, so that the pressure rise of the piping system can be prevented.

 That is, the hermetic expansion tank allows the incompressible fluid expanded in the state in which the piping of the piping system and the expansion water connecting pipe 1 are connected to the water chamber 6, which is the inner space of the diaphragm 5, thereby increasing the pressure of the pipe. prevent.

 When water enters the water chamber 6, which is the internal space of the expansion tank, the compressible fluid in the air chamber 4, which is the inside of the expansion tank, is reduced in space so that incompressible fluid can be introduced into the expansion tank with a slight pressure rise. Do it.

 In addition, when the temperature of the incompressible fluid in the pipe is lowered, the specific volume of the incompressible fluid is reduced, and the pressure of the pipe is lowered and the incompressible fluid introduced into the water chamber 6 is compressed by using the compressible fluid in the air chamber 4. Will be sent. The expansion water inlet hose 7 serves to help the water in the pipe to easily enter and exit the water chamber 6, which is the interior of the hermetic expansion tank 3.

 On the other hand, the hermetic expansion tank installed before the temperature is changed as shown in FIG. 7 but when the temperature of the incompressible fluid inside the piping system is changed and the volume is increased, it can enter the water chamber 6 in the hermetic expansion tank as shown in FIG. Will be.

 At this time, the compressible fluid of the air chamber 4 divided by the diaphragm 5 is reduced in volume so that an incompressible fluid can enter the water chamber 6. When the volume of the compressive fluid in the air chamber 4 is reduced to 25%, the pressure rises about 25%. In other words, as the pressure increases by 25%, the incompressible fluid can be stored as much as 25% of the air chamber volume. If the water, which is an incompressible fluid, is increased by 2% in a closed space, the pressure may increase by about 20 MPa or more. When the temperature of the incompressible fluid in the piping system is lowered again, the volume of the incompressible fluid is reduced. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the incompressible fluid stored in the water chamber inside the hermetic expansion tank is sent to the piping system.

 However, in the conventional hermetic expansion tank, when the diaphragm 5 called the Bradder or Diaphragm separating the water chamber and the air chamber is damaged or installed incorrectly, the compressive fluid flows or melts in the pipe and the expansion tank The interior of the can be in a state where the incompressible fluid is dirty or full. In this case, the incompressible fluid in the piping system and the expansion tank expands due to temperature change, and the expanded incompressible fluid eventually raises the pressure of the piping system rapidly, which causes a problem of damage to the piping system and equipment failure.

 In addition, since the outside of the expansion tank is made of a pressure vessel of a steel material or a composite material having a certain strength, it is difficult to grasp the state of the interior of the diaphragm, there is a problem that can not monitor the failure of the diaphragm 5 or the installation error.

 In order to solve the above problems, when the diaphragm inside the sealed expansion tank is broken or installed incorrectly, it is possible to check whether the diaphragm is damaged from the outside by using the characteristics of the space in which the compressive fluid exists. It is an object of the present invention to provide a closed expansion tank equipped with a safety device, which enables the facility manager who detects a breakage of the diaphragm from the outside to repair and repair it.

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The present invention has a technical feature to detect whether an incompressible fluid is present in the space in which the compressible fluid should exist inside the hermetic expansion tank by using the characteristics of the incompressible fluid.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a contact structure of an electroconductive sensing device as an embodiment of a hermetic expansion tank having a safety device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a dye sensing type as another embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a sensing device, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a refractive sensing sensing device as another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is another embodiment of the present invention. Partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a hermetic expansion tank with a safety device with a sensing unit, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a general piping system, Figure 7 is a piping system before the temperature changes in a conventional hermetic expansion tank It is a schematic diagram schematically showing the location of the incompressible fluid therein, Figure 8 is the volume of the increase in temperature in the state of FIG. Is a schematic view showing schematically that the number of the non-compressive fluid moving yarn, and Fig. 9 is a schematic view schematically showing that the non-compressive fluid stored in Sushil when the temperature is lowered from the state of Figure 8 moving back to piping.
The present invention proposes a hermetic expansion tank equipped with a safety device according to an embodiment to be described later to recognize that an incompressible fluid is present in a space where a compressible fluid should be present.
To this end, the hermetic expansion tank equipped with a safety device according to the present invention comprises: an air chamber 4 in which a compressive fluid is present; An incompressible fluid is introduced when the pressure of the pipe is high, and a water chamber 6 which discharges the incompressible fluid back to the pipe when the pressure of the pipe is low; An expansion water inlet hose (7) for guiding the water in the pipe to the water chamber (6) that is inside the hermetic expansion tank (3); A diaphragm 5 separating the air chamber 4 and the water chamber 6 to prevent contact between the compressive fluid and the incompressible fluid; Electroconductive sensing device 20, dye sensing sensing device 30, refractive sensing sensing device 40, pressure sensing so as to detect the presence or absence of damage of the diaphragm 5, installation error, loss of compressive fluid It is comprised including any one of the parts 50.
First, as shown in FIG. 2 as an embodiment of the present invention, the electrically conductive sensing device 20 is a conductive contact to detect a change in electrical conductivity on one side of the air chamber (4) where the compressive fluid is present A plurality of 21 and the non-conductive resin 22 are formed to cross each other, and an external output unit 23 is provided at the end of the conductive contact 21 to transmit a sensed electric signal to the outside.
That is, when the contact 21 is installed in the air chamber 4 of the inside of the sealed expansion tank 10, since the general compressible fluid air or nitrogen has no electrical conductivity, when the compressible fluid is in contact with electricity, the contact does not pass electricity. The incompressible fluid that passes through allows electricity to flow through the contacts.
At this time, the wall of the sealed expansion tank (3) is provided with a contact 21 using the electrical conductivity of the incompressible fluid, if the detection of electricity flowing in this portion is the presence of incompressible fluid in the air chamber (4) because the external alarm Send to device and external device. The alarm device may use electrical conductivity directly or may use a specific sensor that undergoes other conversion processes.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3 as another embodiment of the present invention, the dye-sensing detection device 30 is provided on the wall surface of the hermetic expansion tank (3), when the incompressible fluid is in contact with the capillary phenomenon or natural A diffusion portion 33 to be transferred to the dye portion 32 by the dye; An airtight portion 34 for preventing the outflow of the incompressible fluid; An observation window 35 for visually confirming the dissolved dye in the dye unit 32; The fixing device 36 is fastened after insertion between the hermetic part 34 and the observation window, and includes a transparent or translucent resin or glass 31 for supporting the pressure in the hermetic expansion tank.
That is, the dye-sensing detection device 30 is a mechanism that is installed on the wall surface of the hermetic expansion tank (3) so that incompressible fluid can dissolve and spread the dye, such as ink, the transparent or translucent resin or glass (31) outside ) To withstand the pressure and allow the monitoring unit to check the contact of the incompressible fluid.
At this time, since air or nitrogen, which is a compressive fluid, exists in the air chamber 4 inside the hermetic expansion tank 10 and cannot dissolve the dye, no sign is normally displayed on the observation window 35, but the diaphragm 5 is damaged. Therefore, if an incompressible fluid is present in the air chamber 4, the incompressible fluid dissolves the dye, and thus it is possible to confirm that the incompressible fluid exists in the air chamber 4 through the observation window 35.
To this end, when the incompressible fluid comes in contact with the dye portion 32 to be transferred to the dye portion 32 by capillary action or natural flow, the contact is easy to dye, color discoloration, bleeding, deformation of the shape, etc. Through this transparent or opaque portion to be able to see in the outer window (35).
In the case where the resin or glass 31 is transparent, the shape of the ink may be lost or generated, thereby making it possible to recognize a breakage of the internal diaphragm or an error in installation.
In addition, when the resin or glass 31 is translucent, it is possible to check the contact of the incompressible fluid due to capillary action or natural flow therein so as to recognize a breakage of the inner diaphragm or an error in installation.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 as another embodiment of the present invention, the difference in refractive index between the compressible fluid and the incompressible fluid is used.
This is a refraction phenomenon in which the angle of reflection of light changes when light passes through a medium having different refractive indices. For example, when an object in a cup is invisible without water and is added when water is added, light is transmitted. The same phenomenon occurs when the light is reflected inside the object.
That is, in the present invention, when the incompressible fluid is in contact with the contact portion 47 of the portion where the compressive fluid normally exists, the light path 43 is changed to recognize from the outside so as to generate an alarm or an abnormal situation. It is.
To this end, a contact portion 47 composed of the light emitting portion 41 and the light receiving portion 42 is installed at a portion where the compressive fluid should be present to monitor the contact of the incompressible fluid.
In a state where the diaphragm is not damaged, the compressive fluid contacts the contact portion 47, and the path 43 of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 41 inside the contact portion 47 diverges to the outside, so that the light receiving portion 42 emits light. Recognize that there is no.
However, when the diaphragm is damaged and the incompressible fluid comes into contact with the contact portion 47, the angle of refraction of the light is changed and the path 43 of light emitted to the outside reaches the light receiving portion inside. As a result, the breakage of the diaphragm is detected, and the situation is transmitted to an external alarm device and an external device. The alarm device may use an external power supply or an internal separate power supply.
On the other hand, if the compressive fluid leaks to the outside even without the above-described damage to the diaphragm 5, the hermetic expansion tank is filled with incompressible fluid, so if the temperature of the fluid in the piping system rises and the incompressible fluid expands and the pressure rises rapidly The effect of the sealed expansion tank installed in the piping system is not obtained.
In this case, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure sensing unit 50 may be installed on the side of the water chamber 6 rather than the air chamber to generate a separate alarm. Indirectly identify leaks of compressible fluid that should
The diaphragm 5 when incompressible fluid is not detected in the air chamber 4 through the electric conductivity type 20, the dye detection type 30, the refractive detection type 40 detection device or the pressure detection unit 50 as described above. ), It can be seen that there is no abnormality, so it is possible to reduce the time and expense of unnecessary inspection and maintenance by adjusting the additional supply or amount of the compressive fluid.

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 When the safety device according to the present invention as described above is installed in the hermetic expansion tank, all of the advantages of the conventional hermetic expansion tank can be solved, but problems that may occur when the diaphragm failure and the loss of compressive fluid are left unattended. When the pressure rises, the exact cause can be identified, and the stability of the piping system using the incompressible fluid with the temperature change can be ensured, and the life of the equipment, apparatus, and piping can be extended, and the maintenance and repair The convenience and accuracy of

Claims (5)

In the hermetic expansion tank used for piping system, An air chamber 4 in which the compressive fluid is present; An incompressible fluid is introduced when the pressure of the pipe is high, and a water chamber 6 which discharges the incompressible fluid back to the pipe when the pressure of the pipe is low; An expansion water inlet hose (7) for guiding the water in the pipe to the water chamber (6) that is inside the hermetic expansion tank (3); A diaphragm 5 separating the air chamber 4 and the water chamber 6 to prevent contact between the compressive fluid and the incompressible fluid; Electroconductive sensing device 20, dye sensing sensing device 30, refractive sensing sensing device 40, pressure sensing so as to detect the presence or absence of damage of the diaphragm 5, installation error, loss of compressive fluid Sealed expansion tank with a safety device, characterized in that it comprises any one of the portion (50). The method of claim 1, The electrically conductive sensing device 20 cross-connects a plurality of conductive contacts 21 and non-conductive resins 22 so as to detect a change in electrical conductivity in one side of the air chamber 4 in which the compressive fluid is present. Closed expansion tank having a safety device, characterized in that the external output unit 23 at the end of the conductive contact 21 to transmit the sensed electrical signal to the outside. The method of claim 1, The dye-sensing detection device 30 is provided on the wall surface of the hermetic expansion tank (3), A diffusion portion 33 which is delivered to the dye portion 32 by capillary action or natural discharge when the incompressible fluid comes into contact; An airtight portion 34 for preventing the outflow of the incompressible fluid; An observation window 35 for visually confirming the dissolved dye in the dye unit 32; A transparent or translucent resin or glass 31 supporting the pressure inside the hermetic expansion tank after the fixing device 36 is fastened after insertion between the hermetic part 34 and the observation window; Closed expansion tank with a safety device, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, The refractive sensing sensor 40 is installed in the air chamber (4) where the compressive fluid is present, the contact portion 47 consisting of the light emitting portion 41 and the light receiving portion 42, In a state where the diaphragm 5 is not damaged, the compressive fluid contacts the contact portion 47, so that the light path 43 emitted from the light emitting portion 41 inside the contact portion 47 diverges to the outside, so that the light receiving portion 42 ) Recognizes no light, When the diaphragm 5 is damaged and an incompressible fluid comes into contact with the contact portion 47, the angle of refraction of the light is changed, and the light path 43 emitted to the outside reaches the light receiving portion 42 inside the diaphragm 5. Sealed expansion tank with a safety device characterized in that it detects damage. The method of claim 1, The pressure sensing unit 50 is installed on the water chamber 6 side of the hermetic expansion tank, and detects a change in pressure of the incompressible fluid to generate a predetermined alarm signal when the pressure exceeds the set pressure. Expansion tank.

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