KR100743560B1 - The hi-efficiency uninterruptible inverter - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, the inverter (Inverter) device that receives the supplied commercial AC power to convert the required voltage and frequency and outputs,

When the commercial AC power is input within the specified range, it is rectified by high-efficiency Pulse Width Modulation control to supply stable DC power to the inverter unit, and charge electricity to the capacitor using the charge control circuit. When the supply voltage exceeds the allowable range or is interrupted (interruption), the electric energy stored in the capacitor is discharged to supply DC power to the inverter for a certain time. The inverter is operated normally, and the inverter unit performs sine-wave pulse width modulation to perform the inverted state continuously. Inverter operates to the programmed voltage and frequency. Supplied sinusoidal AC output power to load electric equipment (motor, pump, fan, rotary machine, transformer, elevator, etc.) As a, and made in view of preparation for the failure or emergency maintenance of the drive device to be able to operate on a non-stop state in a synchronous transfer function just random order,

The present invention relates to a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device that supplies electrical energy with a more efficient, non-stationary, non-stop operation function in converting and supplying electrical energy using an inverter device.

High efficiency uninterruptible inverter, inverter, motor controller, voltage frequency converter

Description

High efficiency uninterruptible inverter

1 is a flow chart of a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device of the present invention

2 is a detailed view showing a preferred configuration of the present invention

3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a circuit diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an exemplary view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention

Figure 6 is another exemplary view showing an embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of the main symbols used in the main part of the drawing

1: input power terminal 2: output power terminal

3: capacitor connection 4: electrical equipment (eg motor)

5: power supply (SMPS) 6: charge control unit

7: discharge control unit 8: capacitor (battery)

9: Alarm display device 10: Digital control unit

11: interface unit 12: remote communication unit

13: Non-Synthetic Synchronous Transfer

100: sine wave inverter 200: PWM rectifier (Converter)

300: microcomputer control unit

The present invention is an inverter device for supplying a commercial AC power input by converting the voltage and frequency as needed,

The commercial AC power input to the inverter device is commutated to DC power by constructing a high efficiency rectification method and supplying stable DC power to the inverter part, and the commercial power input is out of the specified allowable range or stopped. The DC power charged to the capacitor is supplied in an inverted state to the inverting part, and the inverting part continuously converts and outputs the sine wave AC power of the programmed voltage and frequency to output the load electrical equipment using the power of the inverter device. The present invention relates to a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device for continuous operation without stopping and a method of constructing the same.

Conventionally, in order to convert voltage and frequency, a commercial AC power is supplied to rectify or rectify the rectified semiconductor (Diode, SCR) or phase control, and then convert the rectified DC power to a DC power by converting the semiconductor into an inverter. It is used for motor control power supply with limited use because it inverts to AC power set by high frequency switching method by using switching elements (Transistor, SCR, GTO, IGBT, etc.) and outputs high frequency AC voltage. Was controlled.

In the rectification method as described above, when AC power is converted to DC control by phase control or rectifying semiconductor (Diode), a certain high frequency current is generated in the rectifying process, and the input AC power is distorted due to the specific high frequency current. It causes an obstacle to the equipment, and pay energy consumption is increased due to low power factor and lower conversion efficiency.

In addition, if the commercial AC power input exceeds the allowable range or if supply interruption occurs (power outage), the converter and the inverter immediately stop the operation above the supply voltage and rotate the motor. When the equipments (pumps, fan, rotary machines, elevators, etc.) operated by the motors are stopped and also stop, the rotational inertia in the heat exchanger, pressure control device, speed control device, mechanical device, etc. And serious failure of the operation equipment is a lot of time and cost in accordance with the normal recovery, and in the facilities used by people, such as elevators, users are not guaranteed safety.

Existing measures to compensate for this problem are equipped with expensive emergency power equipment (UPS, generator, etc.) and used for a predetermined time by supplying the power to the power of the inverter device or motor. Another method is to duplicate the input power of the motor or inverter device and use it as the input 1 (commercial power) normally, and then manually switch to the input 2 (emergency power) if the input 1 (commercial power) exceeds the rated range or a fault occurs. It is used in such a way that emergency power is supplied to inverter device or motor power by using magnetic contactor, and momentary power failure or voltage of input power supplied to rectifier and inverter part during the time of switching to emergency power or normal power supply time. Due to instability, temporary stoppages or malfunctions occur in the inverter device and the motor, which affects the entire installation.

As another example, a separate charger is used to charge the input power to the battery and supply the DC power of the battery to a separate auxiliary power (auxiliary inverter) device. Although it may be used, electric shock is generated on the inverter device and electric equipment (motor) due to the switching time, supply voltage, frequency, and phase difference, and it may cause overcurrent or equipment failure, and the equipment should be doubled. There is a problem.

       When using a conventional emergency power equipment (uninterruptible power supply, generator, etc.) as described above, if the motor or inverter is operated, the output voltage waveform of the generator is distorted or abnormal overheating occurs due to the high frequency current of the motor or inverter. Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, it should be composed of a redundant power equipment with a capacity (3-6 times) larger than the capacity of the motor or inverter device being used, but in the PWM rectification method, the normal operation is possible with 1.1 times the capacity of the inverter device. Therefore, it is a rational and economical method in many aspects. In the conventional operation method, the cost, installation space, maintenance cost, reliability, efficiency, and stability of the redundant power plant configuration should be examined first.

In particular, petrochemical, semiconductor, smelting, textile equipment, elevators, etc. require more reliable and precise control and safety, and stable power supply for efficient operation of electrical equipment (motors), economical and power outages. There is an urgent need for the development of a high-efficiency uninterruptible inverter device that can be used even in the city.

Accordingly, the present invention is to invent a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device that is a voltage frequency conversion device that can supply power to a motor or an electrical installation in a very simple, efficient and stable way to solve the above various problems,

The construction of high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device for electric equipment (motor) uses IPC (Intelligent Power Module) which is composed of digital control circuit including PWM control circuit and IGBT semiconductor element by using microprocessor (microcom) and program. Each power converter consists of power semiconductor elements, and the rectifier converts the input AC power into DC power and converts the DC power into a sinusoidal AC power supply that requires stable DC power. It is configured to supply high quality sinusoidal AC power without harmonics to the equipment (motor),

Install a charge control unit and a capacitor (storage battery) to store electrical energy on the DC power side, and connect the discharge control unit to enable forward DC power supply. Battery is charged, and when the input power exceeds the allowable range or the input interruption (interruption) occurs, the electric energy stored in the capacitor (battery) is discharged into an uninterrupted state through the discharge control unit (Inverter). The DC power is continuously converted to the programmed sine wave alternating current to supply power to the electrical equipment (motor) for a certain period of time, and the load equipment (motor) is maintained even when the inverter is damaged or maintained. Configure bi-directional, non-sequential synchronous transfer bypass for input power or emergency power to operate in the non-stop state. Provides high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device that minimizes harmonic current generation and distortion on input power and improves input power factor to increase efficiency and makes AC output power to be sinusoidal alternating current power so as not to burden load electric equipment by harmonic power. It was invented as the technical problem.

1 is a flow chart of a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device of the present invention, Figure 2 is a detailed view showing a preferred configuration of the present invention, Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is an exemplary view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is another exemplary view showing an embodiment of the present invention high efficiency uninterruptible inverter of the present invention Describe the composition and operation of the device,

In the configuration of the high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device, the microcomputer control unit 300 controls the respective circuits and operations, stores, processes, and communicates the set information, and a power supply unit for stably supplying control power to each control circuit in the inverter device. ), A PWM rectifier 200 for converting input AC power into a stable DC power supply, a charge control unit 6 for charging electricity to a capacitor 8, a capacitor 8 for storing electric energy, and a power failure or input. The discharge control unit 7 which can supply the electricity stored in the capacitor 8 to the sinusoidal inverter inverter unit 100 when the allowable range is exceeded, and the sinusoidal inverter unit 100 which inverts the DC power to the set frequency and AC voltage. The configured and processed information and the operation state are transmitted to each other through the alarm display device 9, the interface unit 11 and the remote communication unit 12, the user is the digital control unit 10 B may control or program the operation of the inverter device through the remote communication unit 12.

In the high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device described above, the configuration of each part will be described in more detail.

The microcomputer control unit 300 controls the respective components according to the control signal with the set date (information) and the program of the entire inverter device, processes and stores information input and output from the inside and the outside, and displays the operation state and the information of the alarm. It is made to send or receive a signal to the digital control unit 10 to display or input information to the device (9) and the remote communication unit 12 and the interface unit 11 for transmitting and receiving information to a remote place, and self-diagnostic function and automatic operation function It detects voltage abnormality, over current, capacitor abnormality, inverter overheat, output power ground fault, inverter device abnormality etc. for each part status and displays operation status and information contents through alarm display device, and sends and receives information to remote location and controls operation. do. In particular, it is possible to control the amount of voltage and current of the PWM rectifier 200 with respect to the set time, and the sine wave inverse change unit 100 is configured to enable continuous control over voltage and frequency with respect to time.

The power supply unit 5 operated by the SMPS provides a stable supply of control power for operating each component circuit in the inverter device, and receives power from a commercial input power supply and a DC power supply, respectively. It is configured to operate the bypass unit,

The high frequency PWM rectifier 200 has the function of phase input or reverse phase detection of the input power and rectifies harmonic current and waveform distortion in rectifying the DC power using commercial AC power input to the input power terminal 1. It is designed to improve power factor while preventing distortion, and has high energy conversion efficiency, high power factor, low distortion factor, and control to maximize wide range of variation of input power. It is possible to apply the rectification technology of the pulse width modulation method (PWM) invented to remove the ripple voltage included in the DC power supply and have excellent stability by greatly improving the response speed against the transient characteristics and PWM as an IGBT power semiconductor device. (200) A configuration operation of the rectifier. In general general inverter device, large peak current can flow on input power side (over 3% of input voltage unbalanced, ± 15% sudden change) and it is a failure factor of power equipment or inverter device, and it is affected by harmonics generated from inverter device. Even if AC reactors are installed in series on the input power side in front of the inverter device to prevent such problems, they are not completely removed. In the pulse width modulation method, it has a sinusoidal current characteristic that does not generate harmonic currents, thereby minimizing harmonic current generation and distortion (waveform distortion) of the AC power input, and greatly improving the input power factor and operating noise.

The capacitor 8 may be a capacitor or a battery capable of storing a DC power source, and may be connected through a capacitor connection terminal 3 to be stored inside or outside to supply electric energy for a predetermined time and discharged. .

The charging control unit 6 controls and controls the charging voltage and the charging current of the capacitor 8 according to the temperature and the specification and environment of the capacitor 8, and the information (voltage, current, temperature, capacitor capacity, capacitor state, etc.) detected is It is connected and controlled with the microcomputer control unit 300 and the discharge control unit 7, and can be supplied immediately in case of power failure while preventing the capacity of the battery from dropping by the constant charging and discharging method of a constant voltage, and charging according to the state of the battery The cycle is controlled to prevent overcharging or lack of charging due to constant charging and to periodically monitor the charging and discharging current to check the defective state of the capacitor.

The discharge control unit 7 discharges the electric energy stored in the capacitor 8 in an uninterrupted manner through a discharge control circuit composed of a semiconductor in accordance with the operation state of the inverter unit when the commercial AC power is input or the input allowable range is exceeded. Controls the supply of electrical energy from the capacitor to the inverter so that the inverter can operate continuously for a certain period of time, and automatically discharges when the electric equipment is stopped or when the motor is decelerated or stopped. Control to stop.

The sinusoidal inverse transform unit 100 is a DC power supply supplied from the PWM rectifier 200 according to the signal indication and detection information of the microcomputer control unit 300 and a DC power supply of the capacitor supplied through the discharge control unit 7 in case of power failure or an input range is exceeded. According to the set information (rotation direction, output frequency, output voltage and current, torque, acceleration / deceleration time, switching function with commercial bypass circuit, other control characteristics, etc.) input from the digital control unit 10 by receiving power. Sine-wave Pulse Width Modulation (Sine-wave Pulse Width Modulation) by high-speed carrier by digital control. Inverter is converted to sinusoidal AC power by IPM (Intelligent Power Module) composed of IGBT semiconductor elements. It is supplied to the electric equipment (motor) 4 through and the electric equipment (motor) 4 is not affected by the commercial AC power supplied by the high-quality sine wave AC power supplied. It will continue to operate in a pure, non-stop state.

The constant voltage constant frequency (CVCF) inverter device configured as the DC power supply side of the PWM rectifying unit 200 is separately provided regardless of the operation of the sine wave conversion unit 100 that is the main butter device without providing a separate charging device or capacitor. The inverter control unit of the emergency power supply having a constant capacity and configured to be used for the control power supply by supplying uninterruptible power may be connected separately configured.

The alarm display device 9 is composed of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an LED, and a BUZZER by the microcomputer control unit 300 so that information can be transmitted and received through sight and hearing, and the digital control unit 10 is intended to be used by a user. According to the purpose or the characteristics of the load equipment to set and input the corresponding integer value for the output power, such as operation time, voltage, frequency, etc., it is provided as a means for confirming the operation information. In the interface unit 11 is used as a means for controlling the operating state or control information about the operation state or operation through the internal and external signals through a contact point, a voltage, a current, a signal or in conjunction with an external device, the remote communication unit 22 It is used to exchange information and control signal with inverter device and user or remote communication device.

The stepless synchronous transfer part 13 is an essential component in the failure of the inverter device, maintenance, and operation of a plurality of motors, and constitutes a circuit capable of performing a stepless transfer in both directions by using an input power source or an emergency power source as a bypass power source. In addition, the output power of the inverter unit keeps the voltage, frequency, and phase the same as the bypass power source, and minimizes the electric shock (over current) when switching with the bypass power source, and operates the load equipment in an uninterrupted state.

In addition, referring to the embodiment shown in Figure 5 by using this device for the control power supply of the electric equipment, test equipment, motor, etc. by using the detection sense such as voltage, current, speed, temperature, and encoder, Auto tuning function to control and set and control the basic value of rotation of electric test equipment or motor by integer. It can set and control desired operation status by automatic operation or step operation for time. It can be programmed with software that calculates the current and frequency voltage at which the motor operates to control the power (torque) of the test equipment or the power supplied to the motor, and the output voltage and current waveforms are supplied as sine waves so that the load equipment is rated. Capable of using up to capacity and saving electricity by paying high conversion efficiency without heat loss for harmonics It will have properties that La is very excellent high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device.

Another function is to precisely adjust the DC power supply by the PWM rectifier, and the inverter of the sine wave pulse width control (SPWM) function is required even if the input power is changed by the automatic voltage regulator. It can output sinusoidal rated AC power, and it can show high function and operate stably with wide input range. It is possible to supply three-phase power as a power source, so it is possible to effectively use three-phase power equipment (motors) without additional equipment even where three-phase AC power supply is impossible or three-phase power equipment is not equipped. Even in consultation with the rated voltage required by the load, the required AC output voltage can be obtained without any additional equipment. Or (boost) can be lowered (reduced pressure) and to supply, as the DC voltage control of the regeneration energy is also PWM rectifying section 200 generated at the time of deceleration and stop control in the rotational speed of the motor, power is removed very effectively.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a bypass circuit is formed of a commercial input power source, an emergency power source, or a spare inverter device using an inverter part, a breaker, a magnetic contactor, a semiconductor switch, and the like of the high rate uninterruptible inverter device. By changing the AC power state generated by the voltage and frequency and the phase of the bypass power source, the transfer is made in both directions without electric shock at the time of switching, and is generated at the time of transfer by the stepless synchronous bypass function. There is no electric shock phenomenon and the load electric equipment (motor) can be operated in a non-stop state.

Even in the method of sequentially starting with one inverter device in a large number of motor equipments operated at commercial power with a large starting current, one inverter device gradually increases the voltage and frequency of each motor and starts from the standstill state. It is possible to switch operation to commercial power supply without electric shock by making the power supply state same as the state and match the phase so that synchronous transfer is made in the non-stop state, and it is possible to change the bypass device even when the inverter device breaks down or maintains. Therefore, there is no interruption of the electrical equipment according to the repair, so the normal operation of the electrical equipment increases the production efficiency, it is economically very good, and the inspection and maintenance are easy, and the electrical equipment can be operated safely and conveniently.

Through the high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device of the present invention as described above,

When used for power supply of electric equipment (motor, pump, fan, rotary machine, transformer, elevator, etc.) that need voltage and frequency control, the invention has the following advantages over general inverter devices and can be used very conveniently and usefully. As it is applied to important industrial facilities, it is an invention that the economic ripple effect is enormous due to the increase of operation efficiency due to the stability of the facility and the reduction of maintenance cost.

In view of the advantages of utilizing the high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device of the present invention, first, the allowable range for the input power is wide at ± 25% at the rated load (general inverter: ± 15%), and the general inverter device (THD) More than 30%, PF: 0.85Lag), the inverter device composed of pulse width control (PWM) rectifier has an input distortion of less than 5-7% of THD and a power factor of PF0.95 or more. With almost no sinusoidal current, there is no power disturbance caused by harmonics, and it has excellent energy saving effect with high power factor and low distortion.

Second, the inverting part adopts IPM (Intelligent Power Module) composed of IGBT semiconductor elements as sine-wave pulse width modulation, which is the unequal pulse width control of microcomputer and digital control (DSP). The output power is supplied as a sine wave, and the high frequency voltage and high frequency current are supplied from the existing inverter device. Therefore, the heat generation and noise of the motor are severe and the motor cannot be used up to the rated capacity. The load equipment was almost impossible to use except for the motor, but since the sine wave inverter device is supplied with sine wave voltage and sine wave current, it can be used regardless of the type of load equipment and the motor electric equipment (motor) can be used up to the rated capacity as in general commercial power supply. High noise and low heat generation without any concern for the environment The sheet properties, which can save the electricity flow rate will Wu la excellent sine wave inverter device.

Third, because the capacitor, the charge control unit and the discharge control unit are composed of one circuit, they are not affected by the commercial AC power input and continue to operate in a non-stop state for a certain time even during a power failure. , Generator, etc.) or auxiliary power (auxiliary inverter) device, equipment purchase costs, maintenance costs, additional construction costs, installation costs will be significantly reduced, and all of them are composed of a single equipment to increase the stability of the overall power equipment and power equipment Because it does not need to be large, it requires less facility cost, but it is a non-simple and non-stop function that is impossible in general inverter device.It is safe because electric equipment (motor, pump, FAN, rotary machine, transformer, elevator, etc.) operates normally even when power failure or input allowable range is exceeded. And the economic value is very large.

Fourth, by integrating with input power, emergency power, or spare inverter device, it is possible to switch the bypass without interruption or maintenance due to the faultless and uninterrupted bypass function. Since the electric equipment is normally operated, production efficiency is increased, it is economically excellent, easy to check and repair, and it can be operated safely and conveniently.

Claims (6)

delete A power supply unit 5 for stably supplying control power to each control circuit in the inverter device, a PWM rectifier 200 for converting input commercial AC power into a stable DC power source, a charge control unit 6 for charging electricity, and electric energy A capacitor 8 capable of storing and a discharge controller 7 capable of supplying the electricity stored in the capacitor 8 to the sinusoidal frequency converter 100 in case of a power failure or an input allowable range exceeded, and an alternating current of a set voltage and frequency In the inverter device consisting of a sine wave inverse conversion unit 100 for inverse conversion to a power source and a microcomputer control unit 300 for controlling the circuit and operation of each unit, storing, processing and communicating the set information, The PWM rectifier 200 may adjust the allowable fluctuation range for the input power in a wide range by rectifying the commercial AC power inputted by pulse width control (PWM), and setting or controlling the rectified state to adjust DC voltage and current. It can be changed, it exceeds the input range, the operation state of the rectifier and the phase and reverse phase detection function, and the rectifier voltage can be changed rapidly so that the regenerative energy of the inverter device can be absorbed by regulating the DC voltage of the PWM rectifier. High-efficiency uninterruptible inverter device comprising a high power factor, low distortion properties, including. The method of claim 2, The sinusoidal inverse transform unit 100 may automatically and manually adjust the output AC power according to the set (programmed) information and convert the output AC power to be output to AC power having a set voltage and frequency. Output to the sine wave AC power set by the differential pulse width control, uninterruptible function to continuously supply the set voltage regardless of power failure or input power fluctuation, and automatic voltage adjustment function and time to continue to supply the set voltage Programmable power supply for continuous or multi-stage control supply, high efficiency to detect and control the operating state and supply sinusoidal wave power connected with alarm display device 9, interface unit 11 and remote communication unit 12 Uninterruptible Inverter The method of claim 2, The charge control unit 6, the discharge control unit 7 and the battery unit 8 are integrally formed with the inverter device. The output power can be supplied continuously for a certain period of time in the operating state, and constitutes an uninterrupted bypass circuit (breaker, magnetic contactor, semiconductor switch) in the inverter unit, and the output power state of the inverter unit can be input power or bypass. (Bypass) In order to match voltage, frequency and phase of power supply and to prevent electric shock (over current) applied to inverter device during switching, instantaneous disconnection is made in both directions without electric shock by adjusting inverter voltage and phase momentarily. Since the synchronous bypass function is configured or the signal can be output, the load can be loaded without the electric shock that occurs during switching. Equipment high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device with a random sequence single-acting stunned body 13 functions in the (motor), a (switching) switch in a random sequence, however, the non-stop operation state to drive The method of claim 2, In the charge control unit 6 and the discharge control unit 7, the charging, discharging voltage and the charging and discharging current of the capacitor 8 can be set or controlled according to the temperature and the specifications of the capacitor 8 and the environment. , By the microcomputer control unit 300 according to the current, temperature, capacitor capacity, capacitor state, etc.), and prevents overcharging or shortage of charging by constant charging and discharging at a constant voltage and decreases the capacity of the battery. It is a periodic charging method that can be supplied immediately in case of input power out of range (outage) and prevents charging by controlling the charging cycle according to the state of charge of the battery. High efficiency uninterruptible inverter device comprising a charge control method to enable The method of claim 2, The DC power supply side of the PWM rectifying unit 200 of the high efficiency uninterruptible inverter device is operated as a separate inverter control unit irrespective of the operation of the sinusoidal wave conversion unit 100, which is the main butter device, without a separate charging device or capacitor. High efficiency uninterruptible inverter device comprising a constant voltage constant frequency (CVCF) inverter device having a constant capacity and configured to be used for control power by supplying uninterruptible power.

Images