KR100735617B1 - Thermoelectric generator using for waste heat - Google Patents

Thermoelectric generator using for waste heat Download PDF

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KR100735617B1
KR100735617B1 KR1020050114916A KR20050114916A KR100735617B1 KR 100735617 B1 KR100735617 B1 KR 100735617B1 KR 1020050114916 A KR1020050114916 A KR 1020050114916A KR 20050114916 A KR20050114916 A KR 20050114916A KR 100735617 B1 KR100735617 B1 KR 100735617B1
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thermoelectric
thermoelectric module
waste heat
heating element
power
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KR1020050114916A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20070056373A (en
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장달원
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장달원
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/20—Energy converters
    • B60Y2400/206—Thermo-electric generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

본 발명은 항공기 또는 자동차와 같이 동력을 발생시키는 장치의 엔진 및 배기구의 폐열을 회수하여 전기에너지로 변환시키기 위한 구조의 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 관한 것으로, 폐열을 전기에너지로 변환시킬 수 있도록 동력발생장치의 엔진이나 배기구측에는 가열소자를 근접시키고, 공기 공급관측에는 냉각소자를 근접시킨 열전반도체로 이루어지는 열전모듈; 및 상기 열전모듈에서 발생된 전기에너지를 저장하기 위한 축전지로 구성되는 것을 특징을 한다.The present invention relates to a thermoelectric generator using waste heat having a structure for recovering waste heat from an engine and an exhaust port of a power generating device such as an aircraft or an automobile and converting the waste heat into electrical energy. A thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric semiconductor close to a heating element on the engine or exhaust port side of the generator, and a cooling element close to the air supply pipe side; And a storage battery for storing electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module.

열전모듈, 발전, 축전 Thermoelectric Module, Power Generation, Storage

Description

폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치{THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR USING FOR WASTE HEAT}Thermoelectric generator using waste heat {THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR USING FOR WASTE HEAT}

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치의 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram of a thermoelectric generator using waste heat according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: 열전모듈 110: 열전반도체100: thermoelectric module 110: thermoelectric semiconductor

120: 가열소자 130: 냉각소자120: heating element 130: cooling element

140: 주름 150: 차단부재140: wrinkle 150: blocking member

160: 바이메탈 200: 축전지160: bimetal 200: storage battery

1000: 동력발생장치의 배기구1000: exhaust port of power generator

2000: 동력발생장치의 공기 공급관2000: air supply line of power generator

본 발명은 항공기 또는 자동차와 같이 동력을 발생시키는 장치의 배기구 및 엔진의 폐열을 회수하여 전기에너지로 변환시키기 위한 구조의 열전발전장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 폐열을 전기에너지로 변환시킬 수 있도록 동력발생장치의 엔진이나 배기구측에는 가열소자를 근접시키고, 공기 공급관측에는 냉각소자 를 근접시킨 열전반도체로 이루어지는 열전모듈; 및 상기 열전모듈에서 발생된 전기에너지를 저장하기 위한 축전지로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 관한 것이다The present invention relates to a thermoelectric generator having a structure for recovering and converting waste heat from an exhaust port of an apparatus for generating power such as an aircraft or an automobile and converting the waste heat into electrical energy, and more particularly, to convert waste heat into electrical energy. A thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric semiconductor close to a heating element on the engine or exhaust port side of the power generator and a cooling element on the air supply pipe side; And a storage battery for storing electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module.

일반적으로 동력을 발생시키는 장치에서 전력을 공급하기 위해 사용되는 교류발전기은 효율이 약 33%정도에 불과할 뿐만 아니라, 소요전력이 증가하면 축동력을 증대시켜야 하기 때문에 축동력 손실도 증가되어 높은 연료 소모 및 열효율성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.In general, the alternator used to supply power from a power generating device is only about 33% efficient, and as the power consumption increases, the axial power must be increased, resulting in increased axial power loss resulting in high fuel consumption and thermal efficiency. There is a falling problem.

이 때 동력을 발생시키는 장치는 화학에너지를 통해 구동하는 바, 화학에너지는 엔진에서 연소하여 기계에너지로 변환되기 때문에 열효율은 높아도 30%정도에 불과하다.At this time, the power generating device is driven by chemical energy. Since the chemical energy is burned in the engine and converted into mechanical energy, the thermal efficiency is only about 30%.

나머지 에너지는 열의 형태로 라디에이터, 엔진, 배기구을 통하여 외부로 방출된다.The remaining energy is released to the outside through the radiator, engine and exhaust in the form of heat.

이 폐열은 온도가 높은 쪽이 에너지로서의 효용성이 높기 때문에 높은 온도영역을 가진 배기열을 검토하는 것이 가장 바람직하다.It is most preferable to examine the exhaust heat having a high temperature range because the higher the temperature, the higher the utility of the waste heat.

종래의 열전발전장치는 대부분 규모가 큰 대형보일러나 제철소에 쓰이고 있다. 하지만 이러한 열전발전장치는 규모가 커서 설치와 수리비가 많이 드는 단점이 있다.Conventional thermoelectric generators are mostly used in large boilers and steel mills. However, these thermoelectric generators have a disadvantage that they are expensive to install and repair.

때문에 규모가 작은 항공기나 자동차의 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치가 요구되고 있는 실정이다.For this reason, a thermoelectric generator using waste heat of a small aircraft or automobile is required.

본 발명의 상기와 같은 문제점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은, 본 발명은 항공기 또는 자동차와 같이 동력을 발생시키는 장치의 배기구 및 엔진의 폐열을 회수하여 전기에너지로 변환시키기 위한 구조의 열전발전장치를 제공하는 것이다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a structure for converting waste heat from an exhaust port of an apparatus for generating power, such as an aircraft or an automobile, and waste heat from an engine, into an electrical energy. It is to provide a thermoelectric generator.

더 나아가 본 발명의 목적은, 폐열을 전기에너지로 변환시킬 수 있도록 동력발생장치의 엔진이나 배기구측에는 가열소자를 근접시키고, 공기 공급관측에는 냉각소자를 근접시킨 열전반도체로 이루어지는 열전모듈; 및 상기 열전모듈에서 발생된 전기에너지를 저장하기 위한 축전지로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치를 제공하는 것이다.Further, an object of the present invention, the thermoelectric module consisting of a thermoelectric semiconductor in close proximity to the heating element on the engine or exhaust port side of the power generating device so as to convert waste heat into electrical energy, the cooling element on the air supply pipe side; And it is to provide a thermoelectric generator using waste heat, characterized in that consisting of a storage battery for storing the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module.

본 발명은 상기의 목적을 달성하기 위해 아래와 같은 특징을 갖는다.The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

본 발명은 열전발전장치에 있어서, 폐열을 전기에너지로 변환시킬 수 있도록 동력발생장치의 엔진이나 배기구측에는 가열소자를 근접시키고, 공기 공급관측에는 냉각소자를 근접시킨 열전반도체로 이루어지는 열전모듈; 및 상기 열전모듈에서 발생된 전기에너지를 저장하기 위한 축전지로 구성된다. The present invention provides a thermoelectric generator comprising: a thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric semiconductor in which a heating element is close to an engine or an exhaust port of a power generator so as to convert waste heat into electrical energy, and a cooling element is close to an air supply pipe; And a storage battery for storing electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric module.

여기서 상기 열전반도체는 가열소자측과 냉각소자측과의 열전도를 차단하기 위해 차단부재가 더 개재되며, 상기 가열소자 및 냉각소자는 외부와의 접촉면적을 증대시키기 위해 표면에 주름이 형성된다.Here, the thermoelectric semiconductor further includes a blocking member to block heat conduction between the heating element side and the cooling element side, and the heating element and the cooling element have wrinkles formed on the surface to increase the contact area with the outside.

상기에서 차단부재는 석면, 유리섬유, 단열재 중 선택되는 어느 하나인 것이 바람직하다.In the above, the blocking member is preferably any one selected from asbestos, glass fiber, and heat insulating material.

아울러 상기 열전모듈은 열전도를 극대화하기 위해 백금(Pt:플래티늄)이 코팅된 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the thermoelectric module is preferably coated with platinum (Pt: platinum) in order to maximize thermal conductivity.

그리고 상기 열전모듈과 축전지의 사이에는 바이메탈이 더 구비되는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, a bimetal is further provided between the thermoelectric module and the storage battery.

이하에서는 첨부되어진 도면과 함께 더불어 본 발명의 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 관하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, a thermoelectric generator using waste heat of the present invention together with the accompanying drawings will be described in detail.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치의 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram of a thermoelectric generator using waste heat according to the present invention.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명은 항공기 또는 자동차와 같이 동력을 발생시키는 장치의 엔진 및 배기구(1000)의 폐열을 회수하여 전기에너지로 변환시키기 위한 구조의 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 관한 것이다.As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention relates to a thermoelectric generator using waste heat having a structure for recovering and converting waste heat from an engine and an exhaust port 1000 of a device for generating power, such as an aircraft or an automobile, into electrical energy. .

이러한 열전발전장치는 크게 2분으로 구성되는데, 이는 열전모듈(100)과, 상기 열전모듈(100)에 전기적으로 연결되어 전기를 충전하는 축전지(200)로 구성된다.The thermoelectric generator is largely composed of two minutes, which is composed of a thermoelectric module 100 and a storage battery 200 electrically connected to the thermoelectric module 100 to charge electricity.

여기서 열전모듈(100)은 열에너지는 전기에너지로 변화시키는 열전반도체(110)를 내장하고 있다.Here, the thermoelectric module 100 includes a thermoelectric semiconductor 110 that converts thermal energy into electrical energy.

이러한 열전반도체(110)의 일단은 동력발생장치의 항공기 또는 자동차의 엔진 및 배기구(1000)의 근접한 지점에 설치되는데, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 열효율 이 높은 배기구(1000)측에 설치되는 구조이다.One end of the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 is installed at an adjacent point of the engine and the exhaust port 1000 of the aircraft or the automobile of the power generator, in the embodiment of the present invention is a structure that is installed on the exhaust port 1000 side of high thermal efficiency.

아울러 열전반도체(110)의 타단은 아직 예열되지 않은 대기중의 연소용 공기에 의해 냉각되는 부분인 공기 공급관(2000)측에 설치된다.In addition, the other end of the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 is installed on the air supply pipe 2000 side, which is a portion cooled by combustion air in the air that is not yet preheated.

이 때 열전반도체(110)는 일단은 외부 열을 회수할 수 있도록 플레이트 구조의 가열소자(120)가 연결되어 있으며, 타단은 내부 열을 방출하여 보다 효율적으로 냉각될 수 있도록 상기 가열소자(120)와 같은 구조의 냉각소자(130)가 연결되어 있는 구성이다.At this time, the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 is connected to a heating element 120 having a plate structure so that one end can recover external heat, and the other end emits internal heat so that the heating element 120 can be cooled more efficiently. It is a configuration that the cooling element 130 of the same structure is connected.

이 때 상기 가열소자(120)와 냉각소자(130)는 열회수와 냉각을 극대화하기 위해 표면적을 증대시키기 위한 주름(140)이 더 형성되는 구조이며, 열전도를 극대화하기 위해 백금(Pt:플래티늄)이 코팅되어 구성된다.At this time, the heating element 120 and the cooling element 130 is a structure that is further formed wrinkles 140 to increase the surface area in order to maximize the heat recovery and cooling, platinum (Pt: Platinum) is to maximize the thermal conductivity It is constructed by coating.

한편 상기 열전반도체(110)는 가열소자(120)측인 배기구(1000)와, 냉각소자(130)측인 공기 공급관(2000)과의 열전도를 차단하기 차단부재(150)가 더 개재되는 구조이다.Meanwhile, the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 has a structure in which a blocking member 150 is further interposed to block thermal conduction between the exhaust port 1000 on the heating element 120 side and the air supply pipe 2000 on the cooling element 130 side.

여기서 차단부재(150)는 석면, 유리섬유, 단열재 중 선택되는 어느 하나인 것이 바람직하다.Here, the blocking member 150 is preferably any one selected from asbestos, glass fiber, heat insulating material.

때문에 상기 열전모듈(100)은 가열소자(120)와 냉각소자(130)를 통해 열회수와 냉각이 동시에 이루어지며, 열전반도체(110)를 통해서만 열전도가 이루지는 구조이다.Therefore, the thermoelectric module 100 has a heat recovery and cooling at the same time through the heating element 120 and the cooling element 130, the heat conduction is achieved only through the thermoelectric semiconductor 110.

그러므로 열전모듈(100)의 열전반도체(110)는 차단부재(150)를 사이에 두고 가열소자(120)와 냉각소자(130)는 매우 큰 온도차가 발생된다. 이러한 온도차의 크 기에 비례하여 기전력이 발생되고 전류가 흐르게 되어 발전이 이루어지는 구성이다.Therefore, the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 of the thermoelectric module 100 has a very large temperature difference between the heating element 120 and the cooling element 130 with the blocking member 150 interposed therebetween. In proportion to the magnitude of the temperature difference, electromotive force is generated and a current flows to generate power.

보다 상세하게는 가열소자(120)에 전달된 열은 열전반도체(110)를 거처 냉각소자(130)를 통해 빠져나가는데, 이 때 열전반도체(110)에서 제벡표과에 의해 열-전기 직접 전환이 일어나서 전기를 생산하게 된다.In more detail, the heat transferred to the heating element 120 exits through the cooling element 130 via the thermo-conductor 110, and at this time, a direct conversion of heat-electricity occurs by the Seebeck encyclopedia in the thermo-conductor 110. Will produce electricity.

이와 같이 생산된 전기를 축전지(200)를 통해 저장하면, 전력을 필요로 하는 다른 구동장치에 활용할 수 있게 된다.When the electricity thus produced is stored through the storage battery 200, it can be utilized in other driving devices that require power.

한편 축전지(200)를 바이메탈(160)을 통해 열전모듈(100)과 연결하여 전력이 생산되지 않을 때는 전원을 차단시켜 축전지의 전력소모를 최소화할 수 있도록 구성할 수 있다. 이 때 상기 바이메탈(160)은 고온에서만 통전되도록 배기구(1000)측에 설치된다.Meanwhile, the battery 200 may be connected to the thermoelectric module 100 through the bimetal 160 to cut off power when power is not produced, thereby minimizing power consumption of the battery. At this time, the bimetal 160 is installed at the exhaust port 1000 side so as to be energized only at a high temperature.

이상에서와 같이 본 발명에 따른 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 따르면, 동력발생기구(예: 자동차, 선박, 항공기) 뿐만 아니라, 보일러, 열교환기에도 응용하여 사용될 수 있음은 물론이다.As described above, according to the thermoelectric generator using waste heat according to the present invention, as well as a power generating mechanism (for example, automobiles, ships, aircrafts), it can be used for applications in boilers, heat exchangers, of course.

본 발명은 상술한 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형실시가 가능한 것을 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 청구범위 기재의 범위 내에 있게 된다.The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

이상에서와 같이 본 발명에 따른 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치에 따르면, 전 력을 공급하는 교류발전기 대용으로 사용될 수 있어 동력발생장치의 규모의 크기를 축소함에 따라 그 무게에 따른 화학에너지의 고효율을 촉진시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the thermoelectric generator using waste heat according to the present invention, it can be used as an alternative to the alternator for supplying power, thereby reducing the size of the power generator to promote high efficiency of chemical energy according to its weight. It can be effected.

아울러 보일러 및 열교환기(냉장고, 에어콘) 등에도 응용하여 사용될 수 있어 전력의 소비를 최소화할 수 있는 특징이 있다. In addition, it can be used in applications such as boilers and heat exchangers (refrigerators, air conditioners), etc., which can minimize power consumption.

Claims (6)

열전모듈(100)과, 상기 열전모듈(100)에 전기적으로 연결되어 전기를 충전하는 축전지(200)와, 상기 열전모듈(100)과 축전지(200)사이에 형성되는 바이메탈(160)로 구성된 열전발전장치에 있어서,A thermoelectric module consisting of a thermoelectric module 100, a storage battery 200 electrically connected to the thermoelectric module 100 to charge electricity, and a bimetal 160 formed between the thermoelectric module 100 and the storage battery 200. In the power generator, 상기 열전모듈(100)은 열에너지를 전기에너지로 변화시키는 열전반도체(110)를 내장하고 있는 것으로, 상기 열전반도체(110)의 일단은 외부 열을 회수할 수 있도록 주름진 플레이트 구조의 가열소자(120)가 연결되고, 타단은 내부 열을 방출하여 보다 효율적으로 냉각될 수 있도록 상기 가열소자(120)와 동일한 구조의 냉각소자(130)가 연결되어 있으며,The thermoelectric module 100 includes a thermoelectric semiconductor 110 that converts thermal energy into electrical energy. One end of the thermoelectric semiconductor 110 has a corrugated heating element 120 having a corrugated plate structure to recover external heat. Is connected, and the other end is connected to the cooling element 130 of the same structure as the heating element 120 to be cooled more efficiently by emitting internal heat, 상기 가열소자(120)는 동력발생장치의 엔진이나 배기구(1000)측에, 상기 냉각소자(130)는 공기공급관 측에 각각 위치되어 있고, 상기 가열소자(120)와 냉각소자(130) 사이에는 가열소자 측과 냉각소자 측과의 열전도를 차단하는 차단부재(150)가 개재되어 있으며,The heating element 120 is located on the engine or exhaust port 1000 side of the power generator, the cooling element 130 is located on the air supply pipe side, respectively, between the heating element 120 and the cooling element 130 Blocking member 150 for blocking the heat conduction between the heating element side and the cooling element side is interposed, 상기 축전지(200)는 상기 바이메탈(160)을 통해 열전모듈(100)과 연결되어 전력이 생산되지 않을 때는 전원을 차단시켜 전력소모를 최소화할 수 있도록 구성되어 있으며,The storage battery 200 is connected to the thermoelectric module 100 through the bimetal 160 is configured to cut off the power when the power is not produced to minimize power consumption, 상기 바이메탈(160)은 고온에서만 통전되도록 배기구(1000)측에 설치됨을 특징으로 하는 폐열을 이용한 열전발전장치.The bimetal 160 is a thermoelectric generator using waste heat, characterized in that installed on the exhaust port 1000 side to be energized only at a high temperature. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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