KR100724722B1 - Organic matter pyrolyzing combustion apparatus under atmosphere environment - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for pyrolysis combustion of an organic matter, which removes an organic matter remaining on a glass product without any deterioration in quality before or after washing for recycling of the glass product. The apparatus includes a preheating portion(II), a pyrolysis combustion portion(III) and a cooling portion(IV), wherein the apparatus includes a conveyer unit(20) for loading and moving a glass product; an exhausting unit for exhausting the vapor or gas generated from the preheating portion(II) via an exhausting pipe(31); a waste heat collecting unit(40) for supplying the preheating portion(II) with waste heat collected from the cooling portion(IV); a compressive air supplying unit(50) for supplying ambient or preheated compressive air of a specific pressure to the pyrolysis combustion portion(III) via a spraying unit(56); and a cooling unit(60) for supplying cold air to the cooling portion(IV) via a cold air supplying pipe(61).

Description

Atmospheric pressure pyrolyzing combustion apparatus under atmosphere environment

1 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail the whole configuration of the organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus according to the present invention,

2 is a cross-sectional view of the compressed air supply device according to the present invention cut along the line A-A 'of FIG.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of the compressed air supply apparatus according to the present invention.

♠ Brief description of the main drawing codes.

100: electric furnace 11: plate heater 12: rod heater

13: insulation wall 15: housing 16: tunnel

20: conveyor apparatus 30: conveyor 40: waste heat recovery apparatus

50: compressed air supply device 60: cooling device

According to the present invention, the residual organic-inorganic contaminants remaining even after the label attached to the glass bottle product, its adhesive and dust, and various foreign matters are removed by a specific cleaning method (temperature lower than 520 ° C.) Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion provides an atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus that supports the cleaning of glass products without compromising the quality of glass bottles.

In general, for the recycling of recycled recovered bottles and disposable glass bottles, chemical washer bottle washers based on the most efficient and economical alkaline cleaning and neutral cleaning are used worldwide.

Chemical wet cleaning is superior to other cleaning methods such as organic or inorganic contaminants and organic-inorganic mixed contaminants in glass bottles, but it can be used for inorganic salts, organic base materials, polysaccharides, mixed contaminants, rust of ferric oxide, etc. Shows the limitations of cleaning, resulting in residual organic pollutants that remain unremoved. As such, quality problems due to poor cleaning resulting from incomplete cleaning are generated, and as a result, they cannot be recycled and disposed of. Disposal of these waste bottles due to contaminants that are complete in the quality of the vial itself but not cleaned will result in waste of resources.

In this regard, if the cause of contamination is removed without restoring the quality of the glass products, restoring the original state of the glass products, the added value of cost reduction will be created along with the social public benefits of recycling and resource saving of discarded glass products. It is desirable.

As such, glass products, such as glass bottles containing the contents of various alcoholic beverages and food and beverages, are used after the labels are used and adhesives for attaching labels and labels indicating the same brands as the labels attached to the outer surface of the glass products to be recovered and recycled. Another dust or other foreign matter adhered to it, the residues and various contaminants contained in the glass products are cleaned by a specific cleaning method, or residual organic or organic pollution remaining due to incomplete cleaning after cleaning treatment, or organic or inorganic pollution that has not been pretreated. It is clear that removing the organic components of the foreign matter can more certainly ensure the cleaning of the glassware.

The present invention was created in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the remaining organic-inorganic contaminants that remain even after washing or cleaning various organic-inorganic contaminants in the glass bottle in order to recycle the glass bottles or organic weapons that have not been cleaned before treatment It is an object of the present invention to provide an atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus that removes organic components of contaminated foreign matters easily and quickly without causing combustion and glass engineering problems in glass bottles.

Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus of the glass product according to the present invention is the residual organic residues remaining after washing or cleaning process for the recycling of glass products, such as glass bottles containing the contents of various alcoholic beverages, food and beverages, or at atmospheric pressure An electric resistance furnace for pyrolysis combustion is composed of a tunnel, and a preheating unit for preheating the temperature of the glass bottle body first, and a pyrolysis combustion unit for pyrolytic combustion step of pyrolytic combustion removal of organic contaminants under glass temperature equilibrium. It consists of a cooling unit consisting of a slow cooling step and a quenching step of the first cooling through the forced cooling to the second, and the conveyor unit is installed to circulate through the inside of the tunnel at a certain speed by mounting a glass bottle Moisture adhering to the glass bottle adjacent to the entrance side of the tunnel An exhaust pipe composed of a steam and a part of an exhaust device for exhausting a large amount of contaminant combustion gas or foreign matter is installed, and at the initial stage of the preheating unit, the waste heat recovered to use the waste heat for raising the glass bottle is supplied. A number of pipes, which are part of the waste heat recovery system, are installed, and the pyrolysis combustion section supplies air (oxygen) at a certain pressure to induce the oxidation reaction of organic pollutants and burns organic matter to the outside of the glass bottle. Compressed air supply device that burns, burns, and discharges organic materials and supplies compressed air to alleviate thermal shock of glass bottles in the slow cooling section of the cooling unit. Injection units with injection nozzles composed of a part are installed, and the quench section of the cooling unit There are a plurality of cooling air supply pipes, which are configured with a cooling device for supplying cold air to cool the glass bottles to room temperature.

In addition, the heat transfer means of the electric furnace is composed of a plurality of rod-type heaters or plate heaters, which are heated and controlled according to the temperature setting for each region of the preheating unit and the pyrolysis combustion unit according to the direction of travel therein, so that the heat generation temperature of each heater is moved toward the conveying direction. The glass bottles being transported are first heated and gradually decomposed and burned at a specific temperature.

The present invention not only prevents waste of resources but also improves economic value by recycling glass products discarded due to incomplete cleaning by removing organic contaminants remaining after a certain cleaning for glass product recycling or organic contaminants before cleaning. It becomes possible.

Hereinafter, the atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, before cleaning the organic-inorganic pollutants in atmospheric pressure pyrolysis combustion, the glass product is pre-treated through chemical wet cleaning and the like to remove the label and the adhesive and adhesive dust or various foreign matters attached thereto. do. Even after such a cleaning, some of the most heavily contaminated glass bottles may have residual organic-inorganic contaminants.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the organic component of the foreign matter, which becomes an organic-inorganic residue, which is solidified in a post-treatment process, may be removed in an atmospheric pressure pyrolysis combustion process. However, this atmospheric organic pyrolysis combustion cleaning method should be designed according to the process and environment constituting it.

First, atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion according to the principles of the present invention is made based on the following facts. To illustrate this, contaminants in glass bottles consist of organic or inorganic single or mixed contaminants.

In general, organic compounds and organic polymers, which are organic pollutants, are pyrolyzed when heated to high temperature (> 500 ° C.) to form gas and liquid low molecular materials. Most have a melting point of less than 300 ° C and often decompose before reaching the melting point. About half of the organic polymer is depolymerized at a relatively low temperature of 200 ° C., and at about 350 ° C., the remaining polymers are almost decomposed except for a few polymers. Most organic polymers are unstable in heat for one or two reasons.

① Decomposition of polymer into low molecular weight compound occurs better at high temperature by enthalpy effect.

② Carbon-carbon bonds are relatively weak.

③ Carbon-carbon bonds are unstable in oxidation.

(4) Structurally abnormal factors such as branch points exist in the chain.

⑤ The terminal catalytic site causes depolymerization.

(6) Atoms in long chains promote decomposition chain reactions, such as monomer depolymerization processes.

In particular, it burns rapidly at high temperatures in the presence of oxygen, and oxidative decomposition proceeds at low temperatures because oxygen acts as an oxidizing reagent. It burns when the polymer is heated to high temperature with air. The difficulty of combustion depends on the type of polymer and depends on the ignition temperature (lowest temperature that causes combustion) and the minimum oxygen index [the amount of oxygen required to sustain combustion, O ₂ / (O ₂ + N ₂ ) × 100].

For example, cellulose (250 ° C, 18), cellulose acetate (305 ° C, 17.4), polyethylene (341 ° C, 17.5), polypropylene (460 ° C, 17.4), polystyrene (460 ° C, 18.1), It is nylon (424 degreeC, 19) and polyvinyl chloride (454 degreeC, 45), and it is hard to burn in order of these values. In addition, the organic components of the mixed contaminants remaining in the form of a scale such as a thin film or a band strongly adhered to the bottle surface are burned as described above to leave ash, an inorganic oxide that is a combustion product.

Therefore, according to the principles of the present invention, residual organic-inorganic contaminants, which are mixed contaminants of organic and inorganic contaminants that may remain in a state where most contaminants have been removed by a chemical wet cleaning method in the pretreatment, may be replaced with a "glass temperature conversion zone". Atmospheric organic pyrolysis and combustion at lower temperatures of 520 ° C or less can achieve glass bottle cleaning support without causing combustion and glass engineering problems.

On the other hand, "pyrolytic combustion cleaning" is to thermally burn and decompose organic components by applying the slow cooling curve of the glass forming process, and not to impair the quality of the glass bottle by such heat treatment. To understand this concept, it is necessary to understand the general glass shaping and slow cooling curves.

When glass forming or processing, as shown in the reference diagram, a slow cooling point, for example 5 ° C above the temperature range of 558 ° C to 570 ° C, is heated relatively rapidly firstly (hereinafter referred to as the first elevated temperature). Hold for 30 minutes to dissipate stress. Next, start the slow cooling operation at a temperature range of 563 to 575 ° C., which is 5 ° C. higher than the slow cooling point temperature range, and then cool it to a slightly below (5 ° C.) at the distortion point, for example, 527 to 541 ° C. (Hereinafter, referred to as primary cooling) After that, it is rapidly cooled to a temperature range that is not damaged by thermal shock stress, usually to room temperature (hereinafter referred to as secondary cooling).

As can be seen from the glass forming and slow cooling curves shown in the reference figure, atmospheric pressure organic pyrolytic combustion cleans residual organic components and plastic labels and adhesives that may remain on the glass bottle surface without compromising the quality of the glass bottle. It is an important concept to decompose and burn organic components by heat treatment under the temperature conversion region and the distortion point (527 ~ 541 ℃). This is because the rapid pyrolysis and combustion of the pyrolysis under the warpage point where there is no viscous flow of glass at all, and the quenching temperature under the warp point is unlikely to produce new permanent strain due to the cooling.

Reference

Therefore, the atmospheric organic pyrolytic combustion cleaning according to the present invention is applied to the temperature of the glass forming and slow cooling curve below the strain point (pyrolysis) to perform pyrolysis and combustion of organic components without compromising the quality of the glass bottle.

The routine for removing organic components from the residual organic-inorganic contaminants in the glass bottle by the "atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion cleaning" is performed by inserting the glass bottle through a conveyor device composed of a date or another type as needed, Preheating step of first raising the temperature of the vial body by means, the pyrolysis combustion step of pyrolysing and eliminating organic components under glass temperature equilibrium by maintaining for a predetermined time in the selected pyrolysis combustion temperature range and by injecting cooling air into the inside It consists of cooling steps in which the heated glass bottle is cooled to a suitable temperature or room temperature through primary cooling and secondary cooling.

As shown in FIG. 1, this atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion cleaning apparatus is composed of an electric resistance furnace (hereinafter referred to as an electric furnace) 100 in the form of a long tunnel. The electric furnace 100 is installed on the frame 22 of the conveyor apparatus 20 fixed by the plurality of supports 21. The conveyor belt 20 is provided with driving rollers 23 and driven rollers 24 at both ends of the frame 21 so that the conveyor belt 30 passes through the electric furnace 100. Conveyor belt 30 passes through the interior of the electric furnace, it is preferable that the belt of the mesh type made of a high heat-resistant material so that the heat of the heater can be uniformly transferred to the glass bottle.

Between the driving roller 23 and the driven roller 24, a plurality of upper and lower guide rollers (not shown) for guiding the circulation of the conveyor belt 30 are supported by the frame 21 of the conveyor apparatus 20 so as to be idling. The drive roller 23 is connected to a motor (not shown) by power transmission means such as a chain. Therefore, the conveyor 30 is guided into the interior of the electric furnace 100, and the heaters described later carry to heat the glass bottles loaded thereon.

The electric furnace 100 is composed of a tunnel 16 in which all sides are sealed by a heat-resistant wall 13 made of a heat insulating material at a predetermined interval in a plate-shaped metal casing or a housing 15. The heating means installed in the electric furnace 100 or the heating means is composed of a plurality of plate heaters 11 supported on the heat-resistant wall 13 at the beginning of the inner circumference of the inner wall along its direction of travel and thereafter balanced heat transfer. It consists of a plurality of rod-shaped heaters 12 are arranged at regular intervals up and down for. The heat resistant wall 13 is preferably made of ceramic fiber having excellent heat resistance.

The heater used here is produced to heat up to about 700 ~ 800 ℃ in the pyrolysis combustion step, but the residual organic-inorganic contamination remaining in the glass bottle after a specific cleaning that is performed primarily without compromising the quality of the glass bottle which is the object of the present invention or In order to decompose, burn, and remove the organic components of organic contaminants before cleaning, they are exothermicly burned below 520 ° C below the glass temperature conversion zone and below the strain point.

Therefore, when a glass bottle made of glass is put into the electric furnace, each heater is transported in the traveling direction of the conveyor belt 30 so as not to be damaged by thermal shock, so that the temperature in the electric furnace 100 is defined in a temperature profile. Therefore, it is independently generated and controlled to generate heat at different temperatures in different regions so as to increase gradually.

Accordingly, the electric furnace 100 is composed of an input unit (I), preheating unit (II), pyrolysis combustion unit (III), cooling unit (IV) and outlet unit (V), and provides accurate temperature control for each section. A plurality of temperature sensors are installed at predetermined intervals to control driving of each heater and other devices.

In the first preheating section 1 of the input section I and the preheating section II, the exhaust pipes 31 constituted by the exhaust unit are arranged in a predetermined arrangement to function as a temperature control unit at the inlet. 31 are connected to the suction motor (not shown) in the usual way.

The preheating part II is provided adjacent to the input part I. The preheating section II is formed of a first preheating section 1 in which the plate heater 11 is installed, and a second preheating section 2 in which the plate heater 11 and the rod heater 12 are mixed. In the first preheating section (1) is to generate the combined moisture and carbon dioxide at about 200 ℃ residual organic components remaining in the glass bottle and to start the pyrolysis at 250 ~ 300 ℃. On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 31 is installed in the first preheating section 1 so as to discharge the moisture and the combustion gas generated therefrom.

The glass bottles are then heated to the second preheating section 2 at a heating rate of 130 ° C./min or less, so that the temperature is first elevated. The second preheating section 2 is provided with a waste heat recovery device 40 in addition to the plate heater 11 and the rod heater 12 arranged in a predetermined manner so as to achieve the first temperature rise, and is configured to receive high temperature waste heat therefrom.

The waste heat recovery device 40 is a collection part 41 which is properly installed in the slow cooling section 4 composed of the cooling part IV installed after the decomposition combustion part III, and collects waste heat to be introduced therein. And a supply injection section 43 composed of a blowing section 42 for forcibly introducing waste heat from the 41 and at least one injection port for injecting a high pressure gas having a predetermined high pressure from the blowing section 42. Therefore, this waste heat recovery device 40 reinforces the temperature raising function in the second preheating section 2 and increases the energy use efficiency.

In this way, the preheating unit (II) is configured to raise the temperature of the glass bottle body to a temperature below a specific temperature, for example, a warping point, through a first temperature raising step while preventing damage due to thermal shock.

Then, when the glass bottle passes through the preheating unit (II) on the conveyor (30), the glass bottle is already decomposed already attached to it under glass temperature equilibrium to maintain the temperature range in which the temperature is first elevated in the preheating unit (II). Supplying air or preheated air at room temperature to burn the organic components of the organic and organic pollutants to cause oxidation reaction, and then supplying it to the pyrolysis combustion section (III), which is effective in removing pyrolytic combustion. do.

That is, the heated glass bottle is supplied to the organic pyrolysis combustion unit (III), and maintained for 5 minutes at a specific temperature for thermal balance of the glass bottle. During this holding time, the remaining organic components already pyrolyzed in the previous stage are decomposed and burned by rapid oxidation reaction with air (oxygen) supplied from a compressed air supply device or a separate compressed air system. In particular, it is important to provide adequate air above the limit oxygen concentration for combustion.

To this end, the compressed air supply device 50 is installed in the thermal decomposition combustion unit (III) of the present invention. The compressed air supply device 50 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 showing a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A 'of FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the electric furnace 100 is composed of a tunnel 16 made of heat-resistant walls 13 in a housing 15 supported on a frame 22. The tunnel 16 is installed so that the conveyor 30 moves through the tunnel 16, and the rod-shaped heater 12 is vertically supported in the state of being supported by the predetermined fasteners 17 against the heat-resistant wall 30 and the housing 15. Suspended. The temperature sensor 18 is located in the tunnel 16 through the housing 15 and the heat resistant wall 13.

In the compressed air supply device 50, the compressed air having a predetermined pressure from the air compressor 51 (not shown in Figs. 1 and 2) passes through the first pipe 52 on the side of the preheating unit II, and burns down the combustion unit III. It is heated via the second pipe (53) installed on the side) and collected in the preheated compressed air tank (54). That is, the first pipe 52 and the second pipe 53 are arranged under the rod heater 12 in the lower part of the tunnel 16 to heat the compressed air passing through them. The preheated compressed air tank 54 is properly installed on the housing 15 by the support 18 and supplies the heated compressed air to the air spray unit 56 via the compressed air regulator 55, and the air spray unit ( The compressed air preheated inside and outside the glass bottle moved by the conveyor belt through the injection nozzle 57 of 56 is pressurized. At this time, pyrolysis and combustion by oxidation reaction with air supplied with the organic component of the contaminant on the outside of the glass bottle, and at the same time, compressed air of a predetermined pressure introduced into the glass bottle by pressurized spraying decomposes and burns the organic component of the contaminant on the glass bottle. Or expansive desorption for a while to discharge a part to the outside to burn, and also contaminants adhered to the bottle surface to burn and burn.

As such, during the preheating and pyrolysis combustion stages, surface combustion, decomposition combustion, and evaporative combustion act on the organic components of the contaminant in the glass bottle.

After the heat-treated glass bottle is a slow cooling section (4) for the primary cooling treatment of the cooling unit (IV) and the quench section (2) to prevent thermal shock that may occur due to heat change due to sudden cooling (5). It is cooled down through). In this cooling treatment, in the slow cooling section 4, the cooling rate of the primary slow cooling is 12 ° C./min, cooled to 50 to 60 ° C., and the secondary slow cooling is further cooled to 50 ° C. to the cooling rate of 24 ° C. Secondary cooling in the section (5) can be rapidly cooled to less than 120 ℃ / min. Alternatively, in the slow cooling section 4, the cooling rate is 24 ° C./min with the first cooling rate and the second slow cooling, and the cooling rate is 50 ° C. and then the second cooling in the quench section 5 is performed. Rapid cooling to below 120 ° C / min. The outlet V is then shipped with a glass bottle cooled to a suitable temperature or room temperature for the next step.

On the other hand, the compressed air from the compressed air tank 54 via another air pressure regulator 55 'to perform the first slow cooling and the second slow cooling in the slow cooling section (4), the injection unit It is supplied to the plurality of injection nozzles 57 'via 56', thereby simultaneously cooling the inside and outside of the glass bottle.

The quench section 5 is provided with a cooling unit 60 and may be provided with a cooling device having a cooling cycle (not shown), and supply pipes of a plurality of cooling air installed in the upper portion of the tunnel 16 as shown ( 61).

After the organic pyrolysis combustion process, first, glass engineering is carried out through the rational first temperature preheating stage → thermal equilibrium stage → first and second cooling stages, which are processed at a temperature below the strain point in the heat treatment process of the glass bottle. Structural problems such as deformation of glass bottles and lowering of durability in terms of side can be eliminated. Second, pyrolysis and removal of residual organic components of dust or contaminants adhered to the glass bottle, and combustion products (oxides) mainly composed of inorganic components (inorganic salts) remain. These combustion residues are easily cleaned by the proper treatment method and physical force in the post-treatment process because the self-adhesive state in which the adhesive organic components are removed.

Claims (6)

Preheating unit which is a preheating stage to raise the temperature of the vial body first, pyrolysis combustion unit which is a pyrolysis combustion stage to pyrolyze and remove organic pollutants under glass temperature equilibrium, and the glass bottle as a primary cooling and secondary cooling stage In the atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus comprising a cooling unit, A conveyor device mounted on a glass bottle over the entire length of the tunnel and configured to circulate through the inside at a specific speed; Adjacent to the inlet side of the tunnel, the exhaust device having an exhaust pipe which is provided to exhaust the combustion gas or foreign matters of the vapor and pollutants of moisture attached to the glass bottle; At the initial stage of the preheating unit, a waste heat recovery apparatus having a waste heat supply pipe installed to supply the waste heat recovered to use the waste heat for the first temperature raising of the glass bottle; Pyrolysis combustion unit decomposes and burns organic matter inside and outside the glass bottle by supplying preheated air at room temperature or preheated air at a specific pressure to induce oxidation reaction of organic substances, and relieves thermal shock of the glass bottle in the slow cooling section of the cooling section. Compressed air consisting of injection units with injection nozzles installed to perform cleaning by supplying compressed air preheated or preheated to lower the temperature of the vial to the first cooling temperature as well as supplementing the combustion of the combustion ash of the pyrolysis combustion section. A feeder; Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus comprising a cooling device consisting of cooling air supply pipes installed to supply cold air to cool the glass bottles to a temperature or room temperature suitable for the next process by performing secondary cooling in the quench section of the cooling unit. . The method of claim 1, Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus is formed in the preheating section (II) of the tunnel formed of a first preheating section in which the plate heater is installed and a second preheating section in which the plate heater and the rod heater are installed in a mixed manner. The method of claim 1, The waste heat recovery system is installed in the slow cooling section composed of the cooling section (IV) installed after the pyrolysis combustion section (III) to collect waste heat and flows it in. Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus composed of a blower and a supply injection section consisting of one or more injection holes for injecting a gas having a predetermined pressure of a high temperature from the blower. The method of claim 1, The compressed air supply device includes an air compressor for generating compressed air having a predetermined pressure, and a first pipe and a decombustion combustion part (III) on the preheating part (I) side in which the compressed air from the air compressor is arranged under the rod heater at the lower part of the tunnel. Preheated compressed air tank supported by the support on the housing which is heated and collected via the second pipe on the side) and preheated compressed air from the preheated compressed air tank via the compressed air regulator through the spray nozzle Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustor comprising pressurized air injection units inside and outside. The method of claim 1, In the slow cooling section, a plurality of injections are provided to control the air pressure from the compressed air tank through another air pressure regulator to perform the first slow cooling and the second slow cooling of the glass bottle, and the compressed air gradually cools the inside and the outside of the glass bottle. Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus is provided with a spray unit having nozzles. The method of claim 1, Atmospheric pressure organic pyrolysis combustion apparatus is provided with a cooling device having a cooling cycle having a pipe for supplying a plurality of cooling air installed in the upper portion of the tunnel.

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