KR100715240B1 - VOC absorbing and recovering apparatus using microwave and method at the same of - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and method capable of separating and recovering VOC from VOC mixed gas in the atmosphere through control by microwaves and having excellent adsorption and desorption efficiency.

To this end, the present invention, the adsorption recovery unit having an adsorbent for adsorption and separation of the VOC in the VOC mixed gas, the microwave oscillation for generating microwaves in the adsorption recovery unit, and the microwaves generated through the microwave oscillation tube The microwave irradiator having a waveguide for transmitting to the adsorption recovery unit, an optical fiber thermometer for measuring the internal temperature of the adsorbent, a microwave discharge detector for measuring the discharge of the adsorbent, and discharged through the adsorbent VOC adsorption including a VOC adsorption recovery inspection unit for measuring the VOC concentration of the outlet gas, and a microwave control unit for controlling the discharge of the adsorbent and feedback control of the VOC concentration by comparing the measured internal temperature, discharge or VOC concentration with a reference value We propose a recovery device and method.

VOC, adsorption, adsorbent, microwave

Description

VOC absorbing and recovering apparatus using microwave and method at the same of

Figure 1 shows the adsorption recovery process in the conventional VOC adsorption recovery apparatus.

2 is a view showing the adsorption recovery process of VOC through the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus using a microwave according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a VOC adsorption recovery process in the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus using microwaves according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

<Description of Major Symbols in Drawing>

100, 200, 300: VOC adsorption recovery device

110: adsorption tower 210; Adsorption recovery part

112, 212; Adsorbent 122: Adsorbate

120: cooling recovery tower 220: microwave irradiation unit

[Industrial use]

The present invention relates to a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and method capable of separating and recovering VOC from a VOC mixed gas in the atmosphere through control by microwaves and having excellent adsorption and desorption efficiency. It is about.

[Prior art]

Recent international recognition of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) associated with halocarbons, known as ozone depleting substances, is toxic to humans due to the presence of trace volatile organics in the atmosphere. Increasingly, attention is increasing due to the fact that it acts as a medium for generating photochemical smog. Typical substances of VOC include aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, glycols, ethers, and epoxides. Epoxides, phenols, etc. are the major VOC emissions from the current sources, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons, accounting for 70% of the total VOC.

VOCs are released into the atmosphere through various paths, which are used as organic solvents in various industrial processes, and are mainly released during the process. In addition, they are emitted during the combustion process of automobile emissions, incinerators, waste, wastewater treatment facilities, and general households. Although not directly harmful to the human body, environmental pollution as Photochemical Smog Precusor, which is directly involved in the photolysis reaction of nitrogen oxides in the air, causing the generation of secondary Oxidants such as ozone and aldehydes. Is holding.

The technical measures to remove VOCs with environmental pollution are concentrated in recovery, harmless treatment (decomposition) and development of alternative materials. Among these, the harmless treatment (decomposition) has a high cost of decomposition facilities and operating costs, and incineration may cause problems such as recontamination due to secondary combustion products. Because of its limitations, separation recovery (reuse with adsorption) is one of the useful solutions. In particular, when the VOC is discharged at a relatively high concentration from a single outlet and economical, a method of adsorbing and recovering by installing a recovery facility is preferable.

Adsorption and recovery methods include adsorption, absorption, cooling condensation, and recovery of condensation depending on the discharged VOC concentration and the flow rate of the discharged gas, and these methods may be mixed with each other in some cases.

Figure 1 shows the adsorption recovery process in the conventional VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the conventional adsorption and recovery device 100, two adsorption towers of the adsorption tower 110 and the cooling recovery tower 120 are configured in parallel to perform an adsorption and desorption process of the VOC. Since water vapor is used as a heat source for the desorption recovery of the adsorbate 122 adsorbed through, wastewater treatment of the used heat source (steam) is necessary.

In addition, there is a problem that takes a long time when heating and cooling the gas mixture using water vapor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and a method using microwaves, which can efficiently switch the adsorption and desorption through the control using microwaves, and shorten the operating time.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and a method which does not require waste water treatment, which is simple, simple in operation, and which can reduce costs.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, the adsorption recovery unit having an adsorbent for adsorption and separation recovery of VOC in the VOC mixed gas; A microwave irradiation unit including a microwave oscillation for generating microwaves in the adsorption recovery unit, and a waveguide for transmitting microwaves generated through the microwave oscillation tube to the adsorption recovery unit; An optical fiber thermometer measuring an internal temperature of the adsorbent; A microwave discharge detector for measuring discharge of the adsorbent; VOC adsorption recovery inspection unit for measuring the VOC concentration of the outlet gas discharged through the adsorbent; A microwave controller configured to perform feedback control of the discharge and the VOC concentration of the adsorbent by comparing the measured internal temperature, discharge status, and VOC concentration with a reference value; It provides a VOC adsorption recovery device comprising.
In addition, in order to prevent the external exposure of the microwave, the adsorption recovery portion is characterized in that installed on the waveguide.
The microwave discharge detector may further include a photo multiplier for detecting a discharge peak of the adsorbent, an amplifier connected to the photo multiplier to amplify the discharge peak detected through the photo multiplier, and amplifying the discharge peak. It characterized in that it comprises an oscilloscope to identify the discharge peak amplified through.
In addition, it characterized in that to form a channel for flowing water on both sides of the waveguide.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for adsorbing and recovering VOC in a VOC mixed gas, comprising: adsorbing the adsorbed gas; Irradiating the adsorbent with microwaves for a predetermined time; Measuring whether the microwave irradiated adsorbent is discharged; Adjusting the microwave irradiation amount according to whether the discharge is performed, and separating and desorbing the VOC and the gas excluding the VOC from the adsorbed VOC mixed gas; It provides a VOC adsorption recovery method comprising the step of measuring the VOC concentration of the outlet gas at the outlet end of the adsorbent, the feedback step of the VOC desorption recovery to adjust the amount of microwave radiation according to the phase measured VOC concentration.
In addition, the predetermined time is characterized in that it takes time until the desorption is completed by maintaining the desorption temperature continuously after reaching the desorption temperature.

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Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a view showing the adsorption recovery process of the VOC through the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 200 according to the present invention adsorbs VOCs in polluted air (hereinafter, VOC mixed gas) including VOCs emitted from the atmosphere to remove VOCs from clean air (polluted air). Adsorption recovery unit 210 for discharging only the air) and a microwave irradiation unit 220 for irradiating microwaves so that the VOC adsorbed through the adsorption recovery unit 210 is desorbed and recovered.

Here, the microwave irradiation unit 220 is a microwave generator (Microwave Generator) (not shown) for generating a microwave, and a waveguide (Wave Guide) for delivering the microwave generated through the microwave oscillation tube to the adsorption recovery unit 210 ( Not shown).

In addition, a microwave shielding facility (not shown) is installed to prevent the leakage of microwaves to the outside during microwave irradiation to the adsorption recovery unit 210 through the microwave irradiation unit 220, the adsorption recovery unit 210 on the waveguide It can be installed to prevent external leakage of microwaves.

In addition, the microwave used in the microwave irradiation unit 220 is an Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) frequency band used for industrial purposes, and this frequency band may correspond to 915 ± 25MHz, 2450 ± 50 MHz, 5800 ± 70 MHz, and 24125 ± 125 MHz. For microwave heating, the 2450 ± 50 MHz frequency band is used.

In addition, the adsorption recovery unit 210 may be composed of various types of adsorption tubes or adsorption towers, such as cylindrical or U-shaped, and the adsorption agent 212 for VOC adsorption is formed inside the adsorption recovery unit 210.

In addition, as the adsorbent 212, activated carbon, mesoporous carbon, or the like (hereinafter, activated carbon) used as a commercial carrier of the adsorbent may be used.

In particular, mesoporous carbon is useful because it exhibits a uniform pore size distribution while having a pore of 2 to 10 nm relative to a material having pores in the unit of 같이 like conventional zeolites.

In addition, VOC is generally adsorbed well on activated carbon, but in the case of activated carbon, irradiation with microwaves during VOC desorption causes rapid temperature rise with discharge, whereby adsorbents can generate secondary pollutants by reaction. .

Therefore, in the present invention, by coating a surface such as activated carbon with a magnetic material to prevent microwave discharge and maintain the temperature required for desorption, it is possible to facilitate the control by microwave as well as the adsorption and desorption efficiency to VOC. have.

That is, the adsorbent 212 of the present invention includes activated carbon and the like, and a magnetic coating layer formed on the surface of the activated carbon, the thickness of the magnetic coating layer is preferably 10mm or less, and the magnetic body is selected from the group consisting of ferrite compounds It is characterized by one or more.

More preferably, the magnetic material may be one or more selected from the group consisting of Ni-Zn-ferrite, Mn-Zn-ferrite, γ-Fe ₂ O _3, and Fe ₃ O ₄ .

In addition, the adsorbent 212 of the present invention may be used together with activated carbon or mesoporous carbon coated with one compound selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO ₂ ), Talc (talc) and boron in addition to the activated carbon coated with the magnetic material. have.

In this case, silica may be coated on the surface of activated carbon by a conventional sol-gel method, and more specifically, after dissolving TEOS (Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₄ ) in a solvent, acetic acid and water are mixed and infiltrated. Silica-coated adsorbents (Si / AC) can be prepared by hydrolysis and charge condensation at room temperature for 2 days, and then drying the resultant at 110 ° C. for 5 hours and calcining at 300 ° C.

Activated carbon coated with boron may be coated with boron nitride (Boron Nitride) on the activated carbon by a spray method to prepare an adsorbent (Boron / AC).

Talc-coated activated carbon (Talc / AC) may be coated with activated carbon by physical method by adding a binder to Mg ₃ (Si ₄ O ₁₀ ) (OH) ₂ to prepare an adsorbent (Talc / AC).

In addition, the components of Talc may be composed of MgO, SiO ₂ , Fe ₂ O ₃ .

In addition, the activated carbon coated with boron may be prepared by mixing boron nitride (Boron Nitrate), a binder, and a solvent to prepare a coating solution composition and then coating activated carbon.

As described above, the adsorbent 212 should be easy to be controlled by microwaves while having excellent adsorption and desorption efficiency, and therefore, should be an electrochemically stable adsorbent having excellent microwave dielectric constant.

In addition, the adsorption recovery unit 210 may be configured as one adsorption tube or adsorption tower (hereinafter, single tower), unlike two conventional adsorption towers configured in parallel.

That is, when a microwave irradiation of the predetermined time by the microwave irradiation unit 220 to the adsorption recovery unit 210, the adsorbent (VOC) adsorbed through the adsorbent 212 is desorbed, clean air is discharged to the outside, harmful Only the ingredients remain and are recovered.

In addition, in the case of microwave irradiation, the desorption temperature can be reached in a short time, and the temperature necessary for desorption can be sufficiently maintained to break the bond between the adsorbent 212 and the VOC, so that the VOC can be regenerated in a short time. The single-column continuous process allows the separation and recovery of VOCs.

Thus, unlike conventional steam heating, the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus using microwaves can be heated within a short time without requiring heat conduction, and uniform heating is possible, so that the temperature rises in a short time, Significantly shorter drying time improves productivity.

In addition, it is economical in terms of the operation of the device, such as the energy conversion effect, as well as the efficient conversion of the desorption and desorption.

In addition, since the single-column continuous process can separate and recover the VOC within a short time, the microwave adsorption recovery process is simple and the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus can be miniaturized.

3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 300 using microwaves according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 300 using microwaves according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a microwave generator 310 for generating microwaves, and the microwave oscillation tube 310. Waveguides (Wave Guide) 312 for transmitting the microwaves generated through the to the adsorption tube (320).

In addition, the microwave used in the microwave oscillation tube 310 is in the 2455 MHz ± 20 MHz band.

In addition, the VOC mixed gas which is a sample supplied from the gas supply device 370 is filled in the adsorption tube 320, the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus 300 using the microwave according to another embodiment of the present invention is the adsorption tube 320 It is a form attached to the microwave irradiation device.

In addition, the adsorption tube 320 may be composed of a U-shaped tube or a cylindrical tower having an inner diameter of 8 mm made of quartz. In the adsorption tube 320, the adsorption and separation recovery of VOC is performed in a continuous process.

In addition, since the gas supply device 370 is typically contaminated atmosphere under a VOC effluent environment, it is necessary as an experimental example and there is no need to configure a supply device separately.

In addition, the microwave oscillation tube 310 uses a magnetron tube of 2.45 GHz and a maximum output of 1.2 kW, and microwaves are introduced from the oscillation tube 310 through the waveguide 312.

In addition, an adsorption tube 320 is installed in the middle of the waveguide 312 to prevent the microwave from leaking out of the waveguide 312 during microwave irradiation.

In addition, a microwave control unit (Microwave Power Controller) for controlling the internal temperature of the region (adsorbent layer) 321 in which the adsorbent is formed in the adsorption tube 320 and the discharge of the adsorption layer 321 is formed.

In addition, a fiber optic thermometer 340 is installed at the center of the adsorption tube 320 to measure the internal temperature of the adsorption layer 321.

The apparatus may further include a microwave discharge detector 330 for checking whether the adsorption layer 321 is discharged. The microwave discharge detector 330 is attached to the adsorption tube 320 to detect a discharge peak of the adsorption layer 321. A photomultiplier 331 and an amplifier 332 connected to the photomultiplier 331 to amplify the discharge peak detected by the photomultiplier 331 when the discharge peak is weak; A digital real time oscilloscope (333) for identifying the discharge peak amplified by the amplifier 332 is included.

In addition, the VOC mixed gas supplied through the gas supply device 370 is passed through the adsorption tube 320 includes a VOC adsorption recovery inspection unit 380 for continuously measuring the concentration of the outlet gas discharged after the desorption recovery of VOC do.

In addition, when the discharge phenomenon of the adsorbent occurs by checking whether the adsorption layer 321 is discharged through the microwave discharge detector 330, by measuring the internal temperature of the adsorption layer 321 through the optical fiber thermometer 340. When there is rapid heating or local run way, such as when there is an excessive temperature rise, the microwave oscillating tube 310 is controlled to intermittently irradiate microwave power or by irradiating low-level microwave to rapidly heat and And a microwave controller (not shown) for removing local abnormal heat generation.

In addition, the microwave control unit checks the desorption recovery rate of the VOC by measuring the concentration of the outlet gas through the VOC adsorption recovery inspection unit 380, and controls the microwave oscillation tube 310 to continuously maintain the temperature required for desorption, and thus the VOC desorption recovery rate. To improve.

In addition, a coupler (Coupler) 351 formed in the left and right waveguides 312 of the adsorption tube 320 to measure the incident force and the reflecting force of the microwaves introduced from the microwave oscillation tube 310 to the adsorption tube 320; A microwave power meter 350 is connected.

In addition, a water load 360 for flowing water on both sides of the waveguide 312 is formed in order to remove the amount of reflection of the microwaves in the waveguide 312.

In this case, all the microwaves passing through the sample are not absorbed and reflected by water.

As the adsorbent, activated carbon or mesoporous carbon or the like (hereinafter, activated carbon) used as a commercial carrier of the adsorbent may be used.

The adsorbent of the present invention includes activated carbon and the like, and a magnetic coating layer formed on the surface of the activated carbon, wherein the magnetic material is at least one selected from the group consisting of ferrite compounds.

More preferably, the magnetic material may be one or more selected from the group consisting of Ni-Zn-ferrite, Mn-Zn-ferrite, γ-Fe ₂ O _3, and Fe ₃ O ₄ .

In addition, the adsorbent of the present invention may be used together with activated carbon or mesoporous carbon coated with one compound selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO ₂ ), Talc (talc) and boron in addition to the activated carbon coated with the magnetic material.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a VOC adsorption recovery process in the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus using microwaves according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

As shown in Figure 4, first adsorb the VOC mixed gas discharged from the atmosphere in the adsorption tower filled with the adsorbent (S410).

Then, when irradiated with microwaves in the adsorption tower for a predetermined time (S420), the VOC and gas except for the VOC is separated from the adsorbed VOC mixed gas is desorbed (S430).
At this time, the discharge of the microwave irradiated adsorbent is compared with a reference value, and if the discharge is determined above the reference value, the process of lowering the amount of microwave irradiation is performed.
Here, the predetermined time means a time taken until the desorption is completed by continuously maintaining the desorption temperature after reaching the temperature at which the adsorbed VOC and the gas excluding the VOC are separated, that is, the desorption temperature when the microwave is irradiated.

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Thereafter, the concentration of the outlet gas discharged after separation and detachment of the VOC at the outlet of the adsorption tower was measured, and the feedback process of the VOC desorption recovery to improve the VOC recovery by adjusting the amount of microwave irradiation according to the concentration of VOC in the outlet gas was performed. 440.

In the above, the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus using microwaves and the process thereof have been described, but the electromagnetic waves irradiated for VOC adsorption recovery are not limited to microwaves, and can be applied to electromagnetic waves other than microwaves that can be uniformly heated in a short time. In addition, a parallel form for separating the adsorption tower and the recovery column other than a single adsorption tower may be applicable.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and even if a person of ordinary skill in the art makes a design change or avoidance design within a range not departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Will be in range.

As described above, since the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus and method according to the present invention are irradiated using microwaves, unlike conventional steam heating, it does not require heat conduction and can be uniformly heated from the inside, and thus desorption in a short time. By reaching the temperature and maintaining the desorption temperature for a predetermined time, the time required for desorption can be significantly shortened to improve productivity.

In addition, it is economical in terms of the operation of the device, such as the energy conversion effect, as well as the efficient conversion of the desorption and desorption.

In addition, it is possible to separate and recover VOC within a short time by a single column continuous process, simplify the microwave adsorption recovery process, and miniaturize the VOC adsorption recovery apparatus.

In addition, since microwaves are used, the wastewater treatment is not required for the recovery of VOC adsorption, and there is no problem of secondary contamination of the recovered products, thereby improving the reliability of the regenerated VOC.

Claims (10)

An adsorption recovery section including an adsorbent for adsorbing and separating the VOCs from the VOC mixed gas; A microwave irradiation unit including a microwave oscillation for generating microwaves in the adsorption recovery unit, and a waveguide for transmitting microwaves generated through the microwave oscillation tube to the adsorption recovery unit; An optical fiber thermometer measuring an internal temperature of the adsorbent; A microwave discharge detector for measuring discharge of the adsorbent; VOC adsorption recovery inspection unit for measuring the VOC concentration of the outlet gas discharged through the adsorbent; A microwave controller configured to perform feedback control of the discharge and the VOC concentration of the adsorbent by comparing the measured internal temperature, discharge status, and VOC concentration with a reference value; VOC adsorption recovery device comprising a. The method of claim 1, In order to prevent the external exposure of the microwaves, the adsorption recovery portion is installed on the waveguide, VOC adsorption recovery apparatus. The method of claim 1, The microwave discharge detector includes a photo multiplier for detecting a discharge peak of the adsorbent, an amplifier connected to the photo multiplier to amplify the discharge peak detected by the photo multiplier when the discharge peak is weak, and amplified by the amplifier. VOC adsorption recovery device comprising an oscilloscope for checking the discharge peak. The method of claim 1, VOC adsorption recovery device characterized in that to form a water channel for flowing water on both sides of the waveguide. In the apparatus for adsorbing and recovering VOC in the VOC mixed gas, Adsorbent adsorbing the mixed gas; Irradiating the adsorbent with microwaves for a predetermined time; Measuring whether the microwave irradiated adsorbent is discharged; Adjusting the microwave irradiation amount according to whether the discharge is performed, and separating and desorbing the VOC and the gas excluding the VOC from the adsorbed VOC mixed gas; And measuring the VOC concentration of the outlet gas at the outlet end of the adsorbent, and feedbacking the VOC desorption number of times to adjust the microwave irradiation amount according to the measured phase VOC concentration. The method of claim 5, The predetermined time is a VOC adsorption recovery method characterized in that it takes a time until the desorption is completed by maintaining the desorption temperature continuously after reaching the desorption temperature. delete delete delete delete

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