KR100714866B1 - Multi-stage wideband lange coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multistage wideband Lange coupler.

The present invention is designed according to the desired coupling value in the second Lange coupler in which the output is measured by configuring the Lange coupler in two stages, and using the width and spacing of the first Lange coupler input signal is input of the second Lange coupler Broadband is implemented by controlling the flatness of the coupling value.

According to the present invention, it is possible to design and manufacture using the existing manufacturing process of the Lange coupler, it is possible to expect the effect of enabling the design of the desired bandwidth and band section.

Lange Coupler, Coupler, Broadband, Lange Coupler

Description

Multi-Stage Wideband Lange Coupler

1 is a view briefly showing the structure of a conventional single stage Lange coupler.

2 is a view schematically showing the structure of a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing the results of the output signal after independently simulating the first Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing the results of the output signal after independently simulating the second Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a diagram showing the broadband characteristics as a result of simulating a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a phase difference of an output signal as a result of simulating a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a multistage wideband Lange coupler, and to a multistage wideband Lange coupler, which can design a desired bandwidth and band section by adjusting the flatness of the coupling value by implementing the Lange coupler in two stages.

Coupling generally refers to a phenomenon in which AC signal energy is electromagnetically transmitted between separate spaces or lines.

Interference between lines refers to the occurrence of unwanted noise signals or transmissions and disturbances due to the coupling between lines.

The coupler is an apparatus that artificially adjusts the degree of the coupling, and arbitrarily adjusts the length and spacing of the line so that the desired power is transmitted to one side.

Coupler is used to extract or distribute as much power as you want by using coupling phenomenon.Branch-Line Coupler, Ring Hybrid Coupler, Wilkinson Coupler, Langer Coupler It can be configured in various ways such as (Lange Coupler).

Among these couplers, the Lange coupler is an Inderdigit Type microstrip coupler composed of staggered microstrip lines, and is used as an attenuator, balanced amplifier, balanced mixer, balanced antenna feed element, RF amplifier, mixer, combiner, and divider.

The Lange coupler is a power distribution coupler that takes into account the wavelength relationship, but is smaller in size than other couplers because it has a curved shape.

Therefore, the Lange coupler is easy to be mounted inside a high frequency semiconductor of more than a dozen GHz, so it is widely used for power distribution of a single-chip high frequency integrated circuit (Monolithic Micro-wave Integrated Circuit).

1 is a view briefly showing the structure of a conventional single stage Lange coupler.

The Lange coupler has four ports and is a staggered structure that adjusts bandwidth and band section through the spacing and width of the microstrip line.

In general, as shown in FIG. 1, the micro strip line N is even and the number of lines is N = 4.

The length L of the microstrip line is determined by the center frequency and is one quarter of the wavelength in the tube.

The coupled port 2 and the direct port 4 divide and output 1/2 of the incident power.

In addition, the phase difference between the signal output from the coupling port 2 and the passing port 4 has 90 degrees.

Impedance and characteristics of the Lange coupler will be omitted because of the general known techniques.

The conventional first-range Lange coupler has a relatively wideband characteristic, but cannot be applied to a system in which broadband and high-speed communication such as satellite communication and mobile communication are important, and there is a problem in that a desired bandwidth and band section cannot be designed.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention implements a Lange coupler in two stages, thereby adjusting the flatness of the output signal using the coupler of the stage into which the input signal is input. The purpose is to provide a broadband Lange coupler.

In order to achieve this technical problem, a Lange coupler using an electromagnetic coupling phenomenon between coupling lines according to an aspect of the present invention forms a coupling port through which a coupling signal is output and a passing port through which a coupling signal is output, thereby providing a coupling value. The second Lange coupler being measured; And a first Lange coupler having an input port into which an input signal is introduced and an isolation port consuming leakage power, and connected to the second Lange coupler to control flatness of an output signal of the second Lange coupler. .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

In addition, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it may further include other components, without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

Now, a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a view schematically showing the structure of a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Before describing FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present invention is a device in which the first stage Lange coupler shown in FIG. 1 is designed in two stages, and retains the characteristics of the first stage Lange coupler.

Therefore, in FIG. 2, description of the characteristics of the first-range Lange coupler will be omitted and will be described based on the features of the present invention.

The multi-stage wideband Lange coupler according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a first Lange coupler 200 and a second Lange coupler 210.

The multi-stage wideband Lange coupler connects the output signal of the first Lange coupler 200 to the input of the second Lange coupler 210.

Typically, a coupler consists of one input port and two output ports.

For example, suppose that 1 is input to the input port 202 of the first Lange coupler 200, and 0.9 and 0.1 are output to the output port of the first Lange coupler 200.

An output port of the first Lange coupler 200 is connected to an input terminal of the second Lange coupler 210.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second Lange coupler 210 consequently constitutes two input ports.

Therefore, the second Lange coupler 210 is to input the input signal as weak as the difference between the two input signal (0.9-0.1 = 0.8).

One side of the first Lange coupler 200 forms an input port 202, and the other side forms an isolation port 204 that is isolated to consume leakage power.

One side of the second Lange coupler 210 forms a coupling port 212 that is an output port, and the other side forms a pass port 214 that is an output port.

In the multi-stage wideband Lange coupler, the output of the first Lange coupler 200 is connected to the input of the second Lange coupler 210 so that the output signal of the first Lange coupler 200 is an input signal of the second Lange coupler 210. Configure to flow.

In the multi-stage wideband rangge coupler, the power input to the input port 202 is divided into two output signals through the coupling port 212 and the pass-through port 214, and the power is evenly distributed in half, that is, -3 dB power. The two output signals have a phase difference of 90 degrees.

The isolation port 204 is a port that is terminated by resistance ground in accordance with the line impedance and terminated, and is not actually used for input / output.

The isolation port 204 has a function of grounding with a resistor and dissipating it as heat so that leakage of power is not reflected due to structural transmission.

The second Lange coupler 210 is configured to be specified as a coupler having an output of -3 dB or more, and the first Lange coupler 200 is configured to form a weaker coupling output than the second Lange coupler.

The multi-stage wideband Lange coupler adjusts the desired frequency bandwidth and band section by controlling the flatness of the center frequency of the second Lange coupler 210 using the first Lange coupler 200 forming a weak coupling output. It is done.

When the multi-stage wideband Lange coupler applies a signal to the input of the first Lange coupler 200, a signal having a -3dB magnitude and a 90 degree phase difference is output to both output terminals (coupling port 212 and pass port 214). do.

Thus, the multi-stage wideband Lange coupler designs the second Lange coupler 210 to a size of -3 dB or more (to have the desired coupling amount).

Subsequently, when the first Lange coupler 200 is configured to have a weak coupling value by adjusting the width and spacing of the micro stripline (in the embodiment of the present invention, designed to about -15 dB), the second Lange coupler 210 The flatness of the output signal can be adjusted to realize wide bandwidth.

3 is a view showing the results of the output signal after independently simulating the first Lange coupler 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a second Lange coupler 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention Is a diagram showing the result of the output signal after independently simulating.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first Lange coupler 200 is configured to form a weak coupling as a whole and has the weakest pass characteristic near the center frequency.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second Lange coupler 210 is configured to operate with a coupler of -3 dB or more.

The multi-stage wideband Lange coupler is configured such that an output signal of the first Lange coupler 200 flows into an input terminal of the second Lange coupler 210 (as described in FIG. 2, 0.9-0.1 = 0.8).

When the multi-stage wideband Lange coupler flows the output signal of the first Lange coupler 200 to a coupler having the same characteristics as that of the second Lange coupler 210, a passage flowing into the second Lange coupler 210 near the center frequency is passed. The value of is introduced in a reduced form.

That is, since the weaker coupling value is introduced into the input terminal, the second Lange coupler 210 becomes a factor of weakening the coupling value of the second Lange coupler 210.

Therefore, since the coupling value (ie, coupling amount) of the second Lange coupler 210 shown in FIG. 4 is lowered and the passage amount is relatively increased, flatness is improved to form a broadband.

5 is a diagram illustrating the broadband characteristics as a result of simulating a multistage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a phase difference of the output signal as a result of simulating a multistage wideband Lange coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention The figure shown.

One embodiment of the multi-stage wideband Lange coupler was implemented with design values tailored to the substrate information and design specifications listed in Table 1 and the design specifications listed in Table 2 below.

W1 S1 L1 W2 S2 L2 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.16

▲ Design value of two stage Lange coupler (unit: mm)

Compared with the structure of the Lange coupler shown in Figure 1,

Here, W1 and W2 mean conductor width (W), S1 and S2 mean conductor spacing (S), and L1 and L2 mean conductor length (L).

W1, S1, L1 represent the width, spacing, and length of the micro strip of the first Lange coupler 200 shown in FIG.

W2, S2 and L2 represent the width, spacing and length of the micro strip of the second Lange coupler 210 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the embodiment of the present invention has designed and simulated a multi-stage wideband Lange coupler, and has a broadband characteristic of 103% at approximately 2 GHz to 6.3 GHz.

(2 GHz- > through: -2.906 dB, coupling: -3.734 dB,

6.3 GHz-> through: -3.831 dB, coupling: -3.658 dB )

The condition is 0.8dB Unblance, the isolation is -10dB or less, and the phase difference is 90 ^o +/- 2.

From the above results, we can see that the result is more than double the 42% bandwidth of the existing Lange coupler. Further, the phase difference of the output signals form a substantially 90 ^o.

All of the above designs were taken into account the actual etchable width and spacing 0.08mm.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the Langer coupler is configured in two stages, but the first Lange coupler 200 may be configured in two stages, three stages, or the like, to design a more precise coupler.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements of those skilled in the art using the basic concepts of the present invention defined in the following claims are also provided. It belongs to the scope of rights.

By the above-described configuration, the present invention can be designed and manufactured using the existing manufacturing process of the Lange coupler, it can be expected to the effect of enabling the design of the desired bandwidth and band section.

Claims (4)

In a Lange coupler using electromagnetic coupling between coupling lines, A second Lange coupler on which a coupling value is measured by forming a coupling port through which the coupling signal is output and a passing port through which the coupling signal is output; And A first Lange coupler having an input port into which an input signal is introduced and an isolation port consuming leakage power, and connected to the second Lange coupler to control flatness of an output signal of the second Lange coupler. A multistage broadband Lange coupler comprising. The method of claim 1, And wherein the first Lange coupler is configured to produce a weaker coupling output than the second Lange coupler, and wherein the second Lange coupler produces an output of -3 dB or more. The method of claim 1, The second Lange coupler is designed by specifying a coupling value, and the first Lange coupler is designed in one or more stages to control the flatness of the output signal of the second Lange coupler, multi-stage broadband Lange coupler. The method of claim 1, And the power of the combined signal and the passed signal output from the combined port and the passing port is -3 dB, respectively, and the phase difference between the combined signal and the passing signal is 90 degrees.

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