KR100704963B1 - Control apparatus for generation system using solar light and wind power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling power generated in a solar power or wind power generation system, and more particularly, a solar-wind power generation system for efficiently transferring power generated from a solar panel or a wind turbine to a load. It relates to a control device of.

The object of the present invention is to generate environmentally friendly energy by using clean or unlimited, easy to maintain and long-life solar or wind power, and to minimize the use of batteries, thereby reducing the maintenance and management costs, It is to ensure stable power supply.

The control device of the solar-wind power generation system according to the present invention includes a solar panel for converting solar energy into electrical energy, a wind turbine for converting wind energy into electrical energy, and supplying power to the solar load in an emergency or solar panel Alternatively, the charging unit may be configured to be charged and discharged from the wind turbine, and a controller for controlling the total flow by sensing the amount of power generated by the solar panel or the wind turbine.

Solar, wind, hybrid, capacitor, power generation

Description

Control apparatus for generation system using solar light and wind power}

1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

2 to 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention.

7 is a block diagram showing an overall operation process according to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

10: solar panel 20: wind turbine

30: AC / DC converter 40: charging unit

41: Super Capacitor 42: Lithium-ion Battery

50: load 60: control unit

61: first circuit 62: second circuit

63: third circuit 64: fourth circuit

70: voltage regulating device 80: constant voltage device

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling power generated in a solar power or wind power generation system, and more particularly, a solar-wind power generation system for efficiently transferring power generated from a solar panel or a wind turbine to a load. It relates to a control device of.

Increasing interest in the environment is also increasing the expectation for energy generation methods that do not cause environmental pollution, replacing hard energy such as coal, oil and nuclear power. Among them, the non-polluting energy generation methods are widely used solar and wind power generation methods.

Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that converts solar light directly into electrical energy. It is a power generation method using solar cells that generate electricity by photoelectric effect when sunlight is received. The photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a module composed of solar cells, a storage battery, and a power converter.

The photovoltaic power generation has the advantage that the energy source is clean, unlimited, easy to maintain, long life, unmanned.

However, power production is inevitably dependent on the amount of insolation, and the energy density is low.

Wind power generation uses aerodynamic characteristics of the kinetic energy of the air flow to rotate the rotor to convert it into mechanical energy and obtain electricity from the mechanical energy.

Wind generators are classified into horizontal and vertical types according to the direction of the rotation axis with respect to the ground. The main components include a gear and a gear that drives the generator by increasing the rotor and rotation composed of blades and hubs. box), generator, controller to control various safety devices, hydraulic brake device, power controller and steel tower.

Wind power generation is also a source of pollution-free energy in the natural state, such as solar power, and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly because there is no problem of air pollution and radiation leakage.

However, in the geographical conditions of Korea where the wind direction and speed are not constant, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a certain amount of power only by pure wind power generation.

Therefore, by combining solar power and wind power, the problems of the two power generation methods are supplemented, and by further configuring a battery and a capacitor as an auxiliary power source, a hybrid power generation method for supplying more stable power is proposed.

As a hybrid power generation combined with conventional solar power and wind power generation, there is a Korean Utility Model Application No. 20-2001-0013433 relating to an AC and DC power supply using wind power and solar energy. A main power supply using light energy or wind energy as a main direct current supply power, and an auxiliary power supply using commercial power as an auxiliary supply power when the supply of the main power is not smooth; a power storage device charging a predetermined capacity of the main power supply; And a power supply control device for controlling the supply power of the power conversion supply device according to a load using a DC or AC power source.

In the conventional technology, when the power supply by solar or wind power is not smooth, the battery is used first. Usually, 500 to 1000 times of charging and discharging are performed, and due to the characteristics of the battery requiring replacement, it is frequently used. Ground life is shortened, there is a problem that the burden of the cumbersome and expensive increase due to replacement.

As another conventional technology, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2001-0020268 relates to a device and a method for supplying a combined power generation, and combines two different outputs of a photovoltaic system and a wind power system to supply power. For example, if the remaining battery power is stored, it can supply power to the load when there is a lack of sunlight or wind power. When the battery power is exhausted, the diesel generator can be operated to supply power to the load.

The conventional technology also uses a battery primarily when the power supply by solar or wind power is not smooth, usually 500 to 1000 times, due to the characteristics of the battery that needs to be replaced, the charge is discharged, As the frequency is shortened, the service life is shortened, and there is a problem in that the burden of burden and expense due to replacement is increased.

In addition, when all the power of the battery is consumed, the diesel generator is operated to supply power. Since the diesel generator generates electricity using the diesel engine as a prime mover, the equipment is complicated, bulky, and expensive. . Moreover, there is a problem of environmental pollution because heavy oil is used to operate the diesel generator, and there is a problem of additional power consumption to operate the diesel generator.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, the energy source is clean, unlimited, easy to maintain, long-life using the solar or wind power generation, do not emit greenhouse gases, environmentally friendly energy The purpose is to get it.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to maximize the utilization of power by configuring a supercapacitor excellent in charge and discharge characteristics and can be used semi-permanently as an auxiliary power supply means.

In addition, by allowing the supercapacitor to supply power for a predetermined time even in the absence of sunlight and wind, it is possible to minimize the use of the battery, thereby reducing maintenance and management costs, and to stably supply power. There is a purpose.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the dependence of the battery by using a super capacitor, thereby minimizing the configuration of the entire system.

The control apparatus of the solar-wind power generation system according to the present invention includes a solar panel 10 for converting solar energy into electrical energy, a wind turbine 20 for converting wind energy into electrical energy, and an emergency load 50. It is composed of a control unit 60 for controlling the overall flow by supplying power to the charging unit 40 to charge or discharge from the solar panel or wind turbine, the amount of power generated by the solar panel or wind turbine.

In addition, it can be configured to further include an AC / DC converter 30 for converting the alternating current generated from the wind turbine to direct current.

The solar panel 10 is a device for directly converting sunlight into electrical energy, and generates sunlight by generating a photoelectric effect when sunlight is received.

The wind turbine 20 converts the rotor into mechanical energy by using the aerodynamic characteristics of the kinetic energy of the air flow, and generates electricity with the mechanical energy.

In addition, the AC / DC converter 30 is a device that converts alternating current into direct current to supply power to a load obtained by generating a wind turbine. The wind turbine is connected to a separate component or a wind turbine. It is configured in a form that is built in.

In addition, the charging unit 40 is a device for supplying a stable power to the load in case the power supply of the solar panel or wind turbine is not smooth, super capacitor 41 and the lithium-ion battery 42 It consists of.

Among them, the supercapacitor 41 focuses on the performance of the capacitor, especially the capacity of the capacitor. The capacitance is 300 times larger than that of the general capacitor, and thus can be used for the purpose of a battery, and can provide instantaneous penetration power for a short time. Capacitors are 10 to 100 times more capable than batteries. In addition, the battery can operate stably even after a long time in an environment in which charging and discharging is repeated, and thus can be used as a power supply means in case of an emergency such as a power failure.

In this case, the super capacitor 41 is connected to the front end of the load, and is charged together with the power supplied during the load operation.

The lithium-ion battery 42 is a battery having a small capacity and a large capacity using a lithium electrolyte. The lithium-ion battery 42 has a low self-discharge and does not generate a memory effect even after repeated charging and discharging 1000 times. It does not shorten the life cycle even if it is not used up, and it has a good durability and is a popular battery. The lithium-ion battery 42 is normally charged with power from a solar panel or a wind turbine, and serves to supply power to the load when all of the power of the super capacitor 41 is exhausted.

The control unit 60 detects a solar panel or wind turbine power generation for a stable voltage, and serves to protect the circuit against reverse voltage protection and surge, and the solar panel, the wind turbine, the super capacitor, and the lithium- Circuits for switching ion batteries are respectively constructed.

The control unit 60 largely detects the amount of power generated by the solar panel or the wind turbine and prevents reverse voltage to protect the first circuit 61, the second circuit 62 for controlling the super capacitor 41, The third circuit 63 detects and switches the voltage of the lithium-ion battery, and the fourth circuit 64 stabilizes the supply voltage to an appropriate voltage. Detailed functions of the circuits are as follows.

The first circuit 61 is a circuit connected to the solar panel 10 or the wind turbine 20. The power generated when the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20 are simultaneously generated is a load and a battery charging circuit. It distributes power so that it is supplied to

In general, the power generated through the solar panel 10 is based on a 50-watt panel, the average current can produce about 2A at a voltage of 11V to 19V between 10am and 4pm, Since it is possible to produce a constant voltage and current of 11V or more even on a cloudy day, the output wattage is small compared to the wind turbine 20, but the characteristics of the voltage is not large. On the other hand, the power generated from the wind turbine 20 can produce a voltage and current of up to 30V or more and a current of 3A or more, but can produce a large voltage and current, but because the wind is possible to generate power, compared to the solar panel 10 There is a characteristic that it is relatively inconsistent.

Due to this characteristic, the power supplied from the solar panel 10 preferentially operates the load requiring stable power supply, and the power supplied from the wind turbine 20 preferentially operates to charge the lithium-ion battery. It is preferable to construct.

On the other hand, when only one of the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20 generates power, the power generating side is responsible for the operation of the load and the charge of the lithium-ion battery 42 at the same time.

The second circuit 62 is a control circuit connected to the supercapacitor 41, and when there is power input from the solar panel 10 or the wind turbine 20, the supercapacitor 41 and the lithium-ion battery ( 42) serves to supply voltage and current, and when there is no input power, the super capacitor 41 serves to control the load.

At this time, the voltage and current output from the super capacitor 41 is controlled to be transmitted only to the load 50, not input to the battery charging circuit.

The third circuit 63 is a circuit connected to the lithium-ion battery 42 and senses and switches the voltage of the lithium-ion battery 42.

When the solar panel 10 or the wind turbine 20 is generated and supplied with power, the lithium-ion battery is charged. In this case, the lithium-ion battery 42 may be configured as a single package or a plurality of packages. When the lithium-ion battery 42 is configured as a plurality of packages, the lithium-ion battery 42 may be controlled to detect and separately charge each voltage in the charging circuit.

The fourth circuit 64 is a circuit connected to the load 50, and the voltage supplied from the solar panel 10, the wind turbine 20, and the super capacitor 41 is used as the voltage for the load 50 to use. Stabilizes.

In addition, when there is no supply power of the solar panel 10, the wind turbine 20, and the super capacitor 41, the lithium-ion battery 42 controls to supply power to the load 50.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the solar panel and the wind turbine are configured together to generate power, but in some cases, only the solar panel or the wind turbine may be configured. However, if only one solar panel or a wind turbine is configured, a larger capacity lithium-ion battery and a super capacitor will have to be provided.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail some operation examples of the present invention according to the power supply of the solar panel and the wind turbine.

(1) When power is simultaneously supplied through the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20

As shown in FIG. 2, when the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20 generate power at the same time, the power generated in the solar panel 10 by the controller 60 operates the load 50 preferentially. Power generated in the wind turbine 20 preferentially charges the lithium-ion battery 42.

At this time, the supercapacitor 41 and the lithium-ion battery 42 are in a standby state which is not used to supply power to the load, and prevents reverse voltage by the controller 60.

(2) When only the solar panel 10 is generated and the wind turbine 20 is not generated

As shown in FIG. 3, when only the solar panel 10 is generated and the wind turbine 20 is not generated, power is supplied to the load 50 with the power generated from the solar panel 10, and at the same time, lithium- The ion battery 42 is charged.

At this time, the lithium-ion battery 42 and the super capacitor 41 are in a standby state not supplying power to the load, and the controller 60 prevents the reverse voltage from flowing.

(3) In the case of power generation only in the wind turbine 20

As shown in FIG. 4, when power is generated only in the wind turbine 20 and not in the solar panel 10, the power checked in the first circuit 61 of the controller 60 is the wind turbine 20. When only the power supplied from) is supplied, the power supplies the load 50 and at the same time charges the lithium-ion battery 42.

At this time, the lithium-ion battery 42 and the supercapacitor 41 are in a standby state, and the controller 60 controls such that a reverse voltage is not applied.

(4) When neither the solar panel 10 nor the wind turbine 20 generate power

5 and 6, when neither the solar panel 10 nor the wind turbine 20 generates power, the control method according to this is as follows.

When it is determined that there is no supply power in the first circuit 61 of the controller 60, the power of the super capacitor 41 is checked in the second circuit 62. Here, when the power supply of the super capacitor 41 is checked, the super capacitor 41 supplies power to the load 50, and when it is determined that there is no power supply of the super capacitor 41, the lithium-ion in standby as shown in FIG. 6. The battery 42 operates to supply power to the load 50.

Following some operation examples of the present invention as described above, the overall operating process of the present invention will be described.

7 is a block diagram showing an overall operation process according to the present invention, a detailed description thereof is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 7, the photovoltaic-wind power generation system includes an apparatus for generating electricity using approximately solar or wind power, an apparatus for adjusting a constant voltage to drive a circuit, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery for emergency use, and There is a device to charge it, a super capacitor, and a constant voltage device that adjusts to a constant voltage to operate the load, and is configured to switch each device through the CPU.

The voltage generated from the solar panel 10 is approximately 11 to 19V (a), but the voltage generated from the wind turbine 20 can be up to 30V (b) depending on the degree of wind, thereby maintaining stable maintenance of the power generation system. To do this, it is necessary to convert the rising and falling generation voltage into a constant voltage. When the reference voltage for charging the lithium-ion battery 42 and the supercapacitor 41 is 15V (c), the voltage generated by the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20 is the voltage regulator 70. ), The voltage is increased when the reference voltage is lower than 15 V (c), and the voltage is decreased when the voltage is high. This adjusted voltage is used to charge the lithium-ion battery 42 or to operate the load.

When the solar panel 10 and the wind turbine 20 generate power at the same time, the voltage of the wind turbine 20 with large fluctuations operates a circuit for charging the lithium-ion battery 42, and is compared with the wind turbine 20. The power generated in the relatively stable solar panel 10 switches to operate the load 50, and when only one of them generates power, the power generating side switches so as to be responsible for both load and charging.

The 15V (c) voltage stepped up or down through the voltage regulating device 70 and constantly adjusted is used to charge the lithium-ion battery 42 or to operate the load 50, and A super capacitor 41 is installed at the front end to stand by while being charged with operation of the load, and to supply power to the load 50 when neither the solar panel 10 nor the wind turbine 20 is generated. Play a role. When the reference voltage for operating the load is 12V (d), the constant voltage device 80 connected to the front end of the load is generated in the solar panel 10 or the wind turbine 20 or discharged from the lithium-ion battery to enter the load. Adjust the voltage to 12V (d).

Lithium-ion battery 42 requires a separate charger, unlike the lead-acid battery, but because of its small size and long life is convenient because of the characteristics of easy maintenance and repair. When more than two lithium-ion batteries 42 are controlled so as not to discharge at the same time, as shown in FIG. 7, when the first battery is in use, the second battery is switched to not discharge, and the first battery is discharged. Afterwards it is switched to discharge the battery twice. The voltage output from the charged lithium-ion battery 42 is 11.1V (e), which is regulated to 12V (d) through the constant voltage device 80 when this voltage is supplied to the load.

Effects on the control device of the solar-wind power generation system according to the present invention made as described above are as follows.

The energy source is clean, unlimited, easy to maintain, long-lived and powered by solar or wind power, which is effective in obtaining environmentally friendly energy that does not emit greenhouse gases.

In addition, by configuring a supercapacitor excellent in charge and discharge characteristics and can be used semi-permanently as an auxiliary power supply means, there is an effect that can maximize the utilization of power. In addition, by allowing the supercapacitor to supply power for a certain time even in the absence of sunlight and wind, it is possible to minimize the use of the battery, thereby reducing the maintenance and management costs, and can provide a stable power supply. .

In addition, by using the supercapacitor to lower the dependence of the battery, it is possible to minimize the configuration of the entire system.

Claims (6)

In the control device for controlling the power generated in the power generation system consisting of at least one of the solar panel and the wind turbine, The control device detects the amount of power generated by the solar panel or wind turbine and protects the circuit by preventing reverse voltage, and distributes the power generated when the solar panel and the wind turbine are simultaneously generated to be supplied to the load and the charging unit, Power supplied from the panel operates the load preferentially, and power supplied from the wind turbine is supplied to the charging unit first; A second circuit connected to the supercapacitor included in the charging unit and controlling the supercapacitor to handle the load when there is no input; A third circuit for sensing and switching a voltage of the lithium-ion battery included in the charging unit; A control unit comprising a fourth circuit connected to the load to stabilize the supply voltage to an appropriate voltage; Control device for a solar-wind power generation system comprising a charging unit consisting of a super-capacitor and a lithium-ion battery for temporarily storing the electrical energy generated in the solar panel or wind turbine to supply to the load. delete delete The method of claim 1, The second circuit is a control circuit connected to the super capacitor, and when there is electric power input from the solar panel or the wind turbine, it serves to supply voltage and current to the super capacitor and the lithium-ion battery. -Control unit of wind power generation system. In the control device for controlling the power generated in the power generation system consisting of at least one of the solar panel and the wind turbine, The control device detects the amount of power generated by the solar panel or the wind turbine and protects the circuit by preventing reverse voltage, and the first circuit for distributing the power generated when the solar panel and the wind turbine are simultaneously generated to be supplied to the load and the charging unit. Wow, A second circuit connected to the supercapacitor included in the charging unit and controlling the supercapacitor to handle the load when there is no input; Connected to the lithium-ion battery to detect and switch the voltage of the lithium-ion battery included in the charging section, when the solar panel or wind turbine power is supplied to charge the lithium-ion battery, a plurality of lithium-ion batteries When configured to, and the third circuit for controlling each of the voltage to be individually charged and discharged, A control unit comprising a fourth circuit connected to the load to stabilize the supply voltage to an appropriate voltage; A control apparatus for a solar-wind power generation system, comprising: a charging unit consisting of a super capacitor and a lithium-ion battery by temporarily storing and supplying electrical energy generated by a solar panel or a wind turbine to a load. The method of claim 5, The fourth circuit is a circuit connected to the load, and serves to stabilize the voltage supplied from the solar panel, the wind turbine, and the supercapacitor to a voltage for use by the load, and supply power of the solar panel, the wind turbine, and the supercapacitor. In the absence of the control device of the solar-wind power generation system, characterized in that for controlling the lithium-ion battery to supply power to the load.

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