KR100704431B1 - Honeycomb breakwater and Construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a breakwater, and to a honeycomb breakwater that is freely distributed in the sea and the open sea sea, and a construction method thereof. The present invention constitutes a breakwater body with a breakwater structure 22 which is a hollow tube. The breakwater structure 22 has an outer circumference and an inner hollow in the form of a regular hexagon. Meanwhile, the breakwater structure 22 according to the present invention is constructed by being stacked in a multi-layered multi-layer structure, and the front end portion and the rear end portion of the breakwater are fixed to the breakwater structure 22 using the concrete structure 22. According to the present invention configured as described above, since seawater of the outer and inner seas of the breakwater is distributed, contamination of the seawater is prevented, and the construction period is shortened by using concrete pipes manufactured at the factory, and breakage at the time of breakage breakage. Only parts can be replaced, resulting in lower maintenance costs.

Breakwater, hollow tube, regular hexagon, concrete

Description

Honeycomb breakwater and construction method {Honeycomb breakwater and Construction method

1 is a perspective view showing a conventional breakwater.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A cross section of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the B-B cross section of FIG. 3. FIG.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a case in which reinforcement is reinforced in the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention.

Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention.

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention.

11a to 11f is a construction sequence diagram showing the construction sequence of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: base layer 20: main body

22: structure for breakwater 24: hollow

26: coupling protrusion 28: coupling groove

30: shear reinforcement 32: band reinforcement

36: support pile 38: support groove

40: end block 41a: fastening protrusion

41b: Tightening groove 42: Upper concrete

44: concrete weight

The present invention relates to a breakwater, and more particularly to an environmentally friendly breakwater that allows seawater to move between breakwaters.

A breakwater is a structure that is installed at the place where sea wave enters.

1 is a perspective view showing a conventional breakwater.

As shown in the drawing, the conventional breakwater is formed in a form in which the crushed stone layer 1 is formed on the ocean bottom to a predetermined height, and the concrete 3 surrounds the outside of the crushed stone layer 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the breakwater divides the seawater into an outer sea 5 outside the breakwater and an inner sea 7 inside. On the other hand, the surface in contact with the external sea 5 of the conventional breakwater is provided with a separate structure for reducing the wave force of the sea wave. In general, a tetrapot 9 is used as the structure, and the tetrapot 9 is a concrete block formed in four horn shapes as shown in FIG. 1. This is installed to block the sea waves erosion when the sea waves hit the breakwater directly. By this breakwater, the sea waves pushed out of the external sea 5 are blocked and cannot transmit the wave force to the inland sea 7.

Such conventional breakwaters are constructed sequentially from the shore to the end of the breakwater. That is, crushed stone is built up near the coast to a predetermined height above sea level. After that, the surroundings of the crushed stone are discharged and the seawater is discharged to repair the shape of the crushed stone, and the concrete 3 is poured on these side surfaces and the upper surface to cure. When the concrete 3 hardens, a crushed stone is laid next to the front surface and the above method is repeated to construct a breakwater. This is to take out the seawater for the curing of concrete (3), because the cost of blocking the sea and the discharge of seawater is expensive, it is constructed sequentially to minimize this.

However, the prior art as described above has the following problems.

That is, in the conventional breakwater, the seawater coming out of the sea (5) does not enter the sea (7). Therefore, although the wave power of the waves coming from the open sea 5 is effectively blocked, the seawater of the inland sea 7 is not distributed and remains as it is. If the seawater stays in one place for a long time, pollution from the port gradually accumulates, out of the seawater's self-cleaning ability, and gives off odor and environmental problems. Therefore, in recent years, such environmental pollution has been a problem in the construction of breakwaters.

And in the prior art, since the breakwater is formed integrally as a whole, maintenance is difficult. The breakwater is damaged by scrubbing or eroding the surface contacting the sea (5) by sea waves, and it is very difficult to repair it. In particular, since the structure such as the tetra-port (9) is installed in the front, it is removed during repair. There was a problem that maintenance is very difficult because it has to be repaired.

In addition, the breakwater according to the prior art has a problem in that the construction cost increases because a separate structure, such as tetrapot 9 for reducing the wave force is required.

On the other hand, the conventional breakwater starting from the shoreline to the end of the breakwater construction method because it is a method of construction is very long construction cost increases, there is a problem that the construction part is easily damaged when a large tsunami or the like during construction.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater and construction method for the sea water to move while preventing the wave force of the external sea to be transmitted to the inland sea.

Another object of the present invention is to assemble the pre-fabricated concrete structure, and therefore, to provide a breakwater and a construction method thereof that can replace only a portion of the structure after the completion of the breakwater.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater and a construction method thereof capable of offsetting the wave force of the sea waves pushed from the external sea evenly by the inside of the breakwater.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater and a construction method thereof which minimizes the construction period required for curing of concrete by minimizing the concrete portion cast and cured in the field.

According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the present invention is a structure for breakwater formed of a hollow layer having a flat layer and a flat hexagonal cross-section on the base layer laid on the bottom of the crushed stone; A main body portion formed by being stacked in multiple layers, an end block stacked in multiple layers to support the main body portion at the front end portion and the rear end portion of the main body portion, and the upper surface of the main body portion and the upper surface of the end block are integrally connected to each other. It consists of the upper concrete to be formed.

The breakwater structure is formed of reinforced concrete or non-concrete concrete, and a coupling protrusion formed to protrude on an outer circumferential surface thereof and a coupling groove recessed in a shape corresponding to the coupling protrusion are formed, and when the breakwater structure is stacked, the coupling protrusion and The coupling groove may be configured to be fastened.

The end block may include a fastening protrusion formed by protruding one side and a fastening groove recessed in a shape corresponding to the fastening protrusion, such that the fastening protrusion and the fastening groove are coupled when the end block is laminated in a multi-layer. have.

The front end of the base layer is provided with a support pile whose upper end protrudes to the upper portion of the base layer by a predetermined length, the support groove recessed in the form corresponding to the protrusion of the support pile in the lowermost end block of the front end of the end block It may be provided, may be combined with the protrusion of the support pile.

The breakwater according to the present invention may be composed of the whole body of the breakwater structure, but a portion of the body portion may be formed of a concrete weight so that seawater can not flow.

On the other hand, the method of constructing a honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention, the first step of forming a base layer by laying crushed stone flat on the sea bottom and a breakwater formed of a hollow tube having a regular hexagonal cross section on the base layer A second step of arranging the structures for parallel; a third step of installing end blocks for supporting the breakwater structure at the front and rear ends of the breakwater structure; The fourth step of raising, the fifth step of stacking the breakwater structure and the end block to the desired height by repeating the third and fourth steps, and the upper surface of the breakwater structure constructed to the desired height and the upper surface of the end block are integrated. It may be configured to include a sixth step of curing by pouring concrete.

In this case, the first step is configured to further include a step of driving the support pile to the front end of the base layer after the foundation layer, the upper end of the support pile to a predetermined height, the third The front end portion is formed by using an end block having a support groove recessed in a shape corresponding to the protrusion of the support pile on the bottom surface as the front end portion block, so that the support groove is coupled with the protrusion of the support pile. An end block can also be provided.

On the outer circumferential surface of the breakwater structure used in the second step, a coupling protrusion formed to protrude and a coupling groove recessed corresponding to the shape of the coupling protrusion are formed so that the coupling protrusion and the coupling groove are mutually stacked when the breakwater structure is laminated. Can be installed to combine.

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, since seawater in the open sea and seawater in the inner sea move with each other, seawater contamination in the harbor does not accumulate, and since the breakwater internally bears the wave power of the sea waves coming from the open sea, the possibility of scouring, etc. There is no need for a separate structure, such as tetra-port is less, there is an advantage that the construction period is shortened because the construction by assembling pre-fabricated concrete structure in the factory.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention as described above will be described in detail.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention, Figure 4 is AA is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional view, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional view of BB of Figure 3, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the structure for breakwater constituting the present invention, Figure 7 is the present invention Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view showing a case in which reinforcing bars are placed in a structure for breakwater forming a structure of FIG. Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing yet another embodiment of a honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention.

As shown in these figures, the breakwater according to the present invention includes a base layer 10 composed of crushed stone on the sea bottom. The base layer 10 is formed by laying crushed stone on the seabed and flattened flat.

From the upper portion of the base layer 10 to a predetermined height above the sea level, a main body 20 for reducing wave force of sea waves is located. The body portion 20 is formed of a breakwater structure 22 (hereinafter referred to as a "structure 22") formed in the form of a hollow tube. The structure 22 may be formed in various forms, but is characterized in that the longitudinal hollow 24 is formed therein. Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, when the outer periphery of the structure 22 is formed in a regular hexagon and stacked in a multi-layered multi-stage, so as not to create a space on the contact surface of each structure (22). Of course, a square or rectangular hollow tube is also possible, such as a box-girder, but the hollow tube is structurally stable as it is closer to a circular shape, so it is preferable that the hollow tube is formed in consideration of structural stability and construction convenience. In addition, the size of the structure 22 may be variously formed according to the size of the breakwater or marine conditions, it is preferable that the size of the structure 22 can be made into a person to clean or repair through the hollow (24).

On the other hand, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the structure 22, as shown in Figure 3, the engaging projection 26 is formed to protrude to the outer peripheral surface, and the recessed in the form corresponding to the engaging projection 26 It may be formed with a coupling groove (28). The coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28 are sequentially provided on the outer circumferential surface of the structure 22, as shown in Figure 3, the coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28 is the structure ( It is preferably provided along the outer circumferential surface of 22). The arrangement order of the coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28 may be modified in various ways, as long as the structure 22 may be coupled while being stacked, any arrangement order may be used. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the portion A-A having a protrusion, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion B-B having a depression.

The coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28 are for preventing the structure 22 from being pushed in the longitudinal direction of the structure 22 by waves when the structure 22 is stacked.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow body 24 is formed in a regular hexagonal shape corresponding to the outer circumferential surface of the structure 22. The hollow hexagonal cross section of the regular hexagon shape prevents the weak section from being concentrated due to the constant thickness of the structure 22. In addition, the hollow of the angular form serves to reduce the wave force efficiently because the sea wave hits the angular surface when the sea wave passes through the inside of the hollow.

On the other hand, according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the hollow 24 of the structure 22 may be formed in a circular shape. In particular, in the case of a small breakwater having a relatively small wave force or when a large load is applied to the top of the breakwater, and the strength of the breakwater is important, the structure 22 having a circular hollow may be used. The structure 22 having a circular hollow is more efficient than the structure 22 having a regular hexagonal hollow in terms of strength supporting the load of the upper portion.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the structure 22 may be formed by reinforcing bars inside. In general marine structures use bare concrete because of the chlorine ions (cl) in seawater. This is because chlorine ions cause an alkali aggregate reaction to reduce the strength of concrete and cause the steel to corrode by destroying the passivation film of the steel. However, when the structure 22 is subjected to a large load, it is preferable not to bear the load with concrete alone, but to reinforce the rebar to bear the load. Particularly, as shown in FIG. 7, the coupling protrusion 26 is a part receiving pure shear, so that it is preferable to reinforce the shear rebar 30. And it is preferable to reinforce the band reinforcing bar 32 surrounding the inner diameter of the structure 22, the band reinforcing bar 32 disposed inside the structure 22 is the role of compression and flexural reinforcement to the vertical external force Will be

When reinforcing bars are disposed on the structure 22, a countermeasure against salt damage of the reinforced concrete structure should be prepared. That is, in order to reduce the water content during the fabrication of the structure 22, a countermeasure such as using a admixture such as a water reducing agent or using a coated rebar should be taken in parallel.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the structures 22 formed in various shapes are sequentially stacked on the base layer 10 to form the main body 20 of the honeycomb breakwater. The structure 22 is coupled to the coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28 in a stable state.

On the other hand, the main body 20 may be stacked so that the front surface is inclined, or may be stacked vertically. In the case of a large breakwater where stability of the breakwater is important, it is preferable to install a breakwater formed to be inclined, and when it is important to ease construction, it is preferable to install it vertically.

An end block 40 supporting the main body 20 is installed at the front end and the rear end of the main body 20. The end block 40 surface which is in contact with the main body 20 is formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the front and rear of the main body 20 is installed in a tight contact. The end block 40 is formed of a multilayer and each end block 40 is coupled to support the main body 20. At this time, each of the end blocks 40 is formed with a fastening protrusion 41a protruding from each other and a fastening groove 41b recessed in a shape corresponding thereto, and the fastening protrusion 41a and the fastening groove 41b are coupled to each other. Distribution between the end blocks 40 is prevented.

The end block 40 may be fixed by the weight of the end block 40 as described above, but according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Install support piles 36 to prevent activity. The support pile 36 is provided so that an upper end thereof protrudes to a predetermined height at the front end portion of the base layer 10. The protrusion of the support pile 36 is recessed in a shape corresponding to the support pile 36 so as to fit in the support groove 38 formed on the bottom surface of the end block 40 of the lowermost layer. The end block 40 is fixed to the base layer 10 through the combination of the support pile 36 and the support groove 38 as described above.

On the other hand, the upper end of the main body 20 and the end block 40 is connected by an upper concrete 42. The upper concrete 42 is formed by pouring and curing concrete at the upper end of the main body 20 and the end block 40 constructed to a predetermined height above the water surface.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, the main body portion 20, a part is composed of the structure 22, the other part is a concrete weight body without the through hole 24 44 may be formed of a concrete weight body 44 provided with crushed stone inside and bounded by concrete.

The body portion 20 may reduce the fluidity of the sea water, but increase the breaking efficiency of the sea wave, so that the main body portion 20 may be installed by adjusting the ratio of the structure 22 portion and the weight portion according to marine conditions or the purpose of installing the breakwater. .

Hereinafter, the construction method of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention will be described in detail by the construction procedure. The construction sequence of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention is shown in detail in Figs. 11A to 11F.

The construction of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention starts from the first step of forming the base layer 10 on the ocean floor. The first step is achieved by sedimenting the crushed stone to the sea floor and flattening the sedimented crushed rock layer using divers or other equipment (see FIG. 11A). In addition, the first step further includes the step of driving the support pile 36 to the front end of the base layer 10 (see Fig. 11b). The support pile 36 is installed so that its head protrudes a predetermined distance above the base layer 10. The support pile 36 may be installed in various numbers and sizes in consideration of the size of the breakwater to be installed or the load of the breakwater.

When the construction of the first stage is completed, a second stage of installing the above-described structure 22 on the foundation layer 10 is then constructed (see FIG. 11C). The second step is to install the structure 22 in the transverse direction side by side on the base layer 10 as shown in FIG. The structure 22 may be installed in multiple stages, and the number of stages of the structure 22 to be installed may vary depending on the size of the end block 40. When the structure 22 has the coupling protrusion 26 and the coupling groove 28, the coupling protrusion 26 of the structure 22 adjacent to the coupling groove 28 of the structure 22 is fitted so that The structure 22 is provided in sequence.

When the installation of the structure 22 is completed by the second step, a third step of installing the end blocks 40 at the front and rear ends of the structure 22 is constructed (see FIG. 11D). At this time, the end block 40 of the front end portion is formed with a support groove 38 recessed in a shape corresponding to the upper end of the support pile 36 on the bottom surface of the upper end of the support pile 36 in the support groove 38. To be fitted.

After the third step, a fourth step of stacking the structure 22 on top of the arranged structure 22 is constructed.

After the construction of the fourth stage, the third and fourth stages are repeated to perform the fifth stage of raising the structure 22 and the end block to a predetermined height above the sea level (see FIG. 11E). ).

When the construction of the fifth step is completed, the sixth step of constructing and curing the concrete to complete the upper concrete 42 to pour the concrete and to cure the upper end of the structure 22 and the end of the end block integrally ( See FIG. 11F).

Hereinafter, the action of the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention will be described in detail.

When sea waves are pushed into the harbor where the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention is installed, the waves hit the outer sea side of the breakwater. At this time, the wave is a part hitting the side of the structure 22, the wave force is reduced, and some enters the hollow interior through the hollow of the structure (22). The sea waves entering the hollow tube pass through the inside of the hollow tube, and the wave force is mostly reduced, so that the sea water flows calmly toward the inner sea side of the breakwater.

On the other hand, since the current flowing along the sea bottom can flow through the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention through the hollow, the flow will flow without interruption.

The rights of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but are defined by the claims, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the claims. It is self-evident.

In the honeycomb breakwater according to the present invention as described in detail above, the following effects can be expected.

That is, in the present invention, since the seawater of the sea and the sea of the breakwater can be freely circulated, contamination of the seawater can be prevented.

And since the present invention is made by the combination of the structure is not formed as an integral structure as a whole, when a part of the structure is broken, only a part of the damaged structure can be repaired or replaced, the maintenance is easy, the cost This has the advantage of being saved.

In addition, the present invention is not transmitted all the wave power of the sea wave to the entire outer sea side of the breakwater, evenly transmitted through the hollow inside of the structure is less likely to be crushed breakwater, so a separate structure such as tetraport on the outer sea side of the breakwater It is not necessary. Furthermore, in the case of the present invention, since wind can pass along the hollow of the structure, there is also less concern about wind load due to wind or erosion by wind, and thus, there is an advantage that a secondary construction cost such as tetraport is not required.

On the other hand, since the breakwater according to the present invention is used by assembling the concrete structure manufactured in the factory except for the upper concrete, it is easy to control the quality of the concrete product, the construction period is shortened because the curing period of the concrete is not necessary. The shortening of the construction period is very important in the case of offshore structures such as breakwaters as well as the reduction of construction cost. That is, if the construction period is long, there is a high risk of damage to the structure under construction due to weather changes during the construction period. Therefore, in the present invention in which the construction period is shortened, there is an advantage that the structure under construction is less likely to be damaged during the construction period as well as the cost reduction due to the shortening of air.

Claims (10)

A base layer which is flattened with crushed stone on the ocean floor; A body part formed by stacking a breakwater structure formed of a hollow tube on the base layer in multiple layers in multiple layers; An end block stacked in multiple layers to support the main body at the front end and the rear end of the main body; And Honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that it comprises an upper concrete formed integrally by connecting the upper surface of the body portion and the upper surface of the end block. The method of claim 1, The structure for breakwater, When the coupling structure is formed of concrete, has a cross-sectional shape of a regular hexagonal shape, and a coupling groove formed to protrude on an outer circumferential surface and recessed in a shape corresponding to the coupling protrusion is formed to stack the breakwater structure, the coupling protrusion and the coupling Honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that the groove is fastened. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The end block is, A honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that the fastening protrusion formed to protrude on one side, and a fastening groove formed in a shape corresponding to the fastening protrusion are formed, and the fastening protrusion and the fastening groove are coupled when the end block is laminated in a multilayer. The method according to claim 1 or 2, At the front end of the base layer, the upper end is provided with a support pile protruding by a predetermined length above the base layer, The lowermost end block of the front end of the end block is provided with a support groove recessed in a form corresponding to the protrusion of the support pile, honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that coupled to the protrusion of the support pile. The method of claim 3, wherein The front end of the base layer, the upper end is configured to further include a support pile protruding by a predetermined length over the base layer, The lowermost end block of the front end of the end block is provided with a support groove recessed in a form corresponding to the protrusion of the support pile, honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that coupled to the protrusion of the support pile. A base layer which is flattened with crushed stone on the ocean floor; A part of the breakwater structure formed of a hollow tube on the base layer is formed by being stacked in multiple layers, and the other part of which is formed of a concrete weight body to block seawater flow; An end block stacked in multiple layers to support the main body at the front end and the rear end of the main body; And Honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that it comprises an upper concrete formed integrally by connecting the upper surface of the body portion and the upper surface of the end block. The method according to claim 1 or 6, The structure is a honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that the reinforcement is formed of reinforced concrete reinforced inside. The first step of laying crushed stone on the sea bottom and flattening to form a base layer, A second step of arranging the breakwater structure formed in a hollow tube having a regular hexagonal cross section on the foundation layer in parallel; A third step of installing end blocks for supporting the breakwater structure at front and rear ends of the breakwater structure; A fourth step of stacking the breakwater structure in a multi-layer on the upper part to a predetermined height; A fifth step of repeatedly stacking the breakwater structure and the end block to a desired height by repeating the third and fourth steps; and The construction method of the honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that it comprises a sixth step of curing by pouring concrete to the upper surface of the breakwater structure constructed to a desired height integrally with the upper surface of the end block. The method of claim 8, The first step is, After the base layer is formed, the support pile is driven to the front end of the base layer, The upper end of the support pile is configured to further comprise a step to protrude to a predetermined height, The third step, Using the end block having a support groove recessed in the form corresponding to the protrusion of the support pile on the lower end surface as the front end end block, The support groove is coupled to the protrusion of the support pile, Construction method of the honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that to install the front end end block. The method according to claim 8 or 9, On the outer circumferential surface of the structure for breakwater used in the second step, A coupling protrusion formed to protrude and a coupling groove recessed corresponding to the shape of the coupling protrusion is formed, Construction method of the honeycomb breakwater, characterized in that the coupling projection and the coupling groove is installed to be coupled to each other when the structure for the breakwater is laminated.

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