KR100701370B1 - Spark plug providing improved operating characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to spark plugs for igniting the fuel charge in an internal combustion engine, and is particularly concerned with an improved spark plug construction which improves combustion pressure and fuel mileage and diminishes exhaust pollution, as compared with known prior art plugs.

Description

Spark plug {SPARK PLUG PROVIDING IMPROVED OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spark plug for burning a fill fuel in an internal combustion engine. In particular, the present invention relates to a spark plug which improves combustion pressure and fuel efficiency and reduces exhaust pollution in comparison with a known conventional plug. It is about.

Spark plugs are well known in the art. In general, a spark plug has a center electrode and a ground electrode spaced apart from the center electrode. Given an electrical potential sufficient to traverse the gap, the ignition causes sparks to traverse the gap to cause ignition. These sparks are used to ignite the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine.

U.S. Patent 5,051,651 describes a "cylindrical hole" created around a center electrode by shielding an external ground electrode. U.S. Patent 5,051,651 discloses a variety of "ignition seeds" inside the cylindrical hole. In all examples, the ground electrode has a "concave inner surface that reveals the radiation surface of the center electrode" (8 vertical stages, 33 rows). The structure produces a concentric curved surface with an inner radius equal to "sum of the ignition gap and the radius of the center electrode, which is made approximately equal to the radius of the cylindrical hole" (one vertical column, 54 rows).

As can be seen in FIG. 13 of U. S. Patent 5,051, 651 and as described in independent claim 18, the invention specifically provides for a " surface that forms an axis of the center electrode on at least a portion of each inner right side. Rely on "spark strike areas" with curved concave surfaces.

As all the sparks move along the shortest center electrode to the ground electrode, the actual face of U.S. Patent 5,051,651 shows another concentric ring structure in which the ground electrode has a radius centered on the same axis as the center electrode (US Pat. Nos. 1,748,338; 1,942,242; 1,912,516; 5,430,346; and 5,280,214. U. S. Patent No. 5,051, 651, with a functional core at the point of active sparks, operates similarly to other concentric ring structures.

However, the concentric ring structure does not exhibit superior performance over the standard spark plug structure.

U.S. Patent 5,612,586 also removes and places a 90 degree bend that ties a particular main part with a standard spark plug.

Although the patents of the prior art have some beneficial features, there is still a need to improve the conventional plug structure to improve fuel efficiency and reduce displacement.

The present invention relates to the use of spark plugs with edge corners that correlate tangentially with the center electrode.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved spark plug.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved grounding electrode of a spark plug.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved spark plug that exhibits improved fuel efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved spark plug which exhibits an improved combustion pressure.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved spark plug with reduced emissions of pollution.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, and the technical description thereof is characteristically defined by the appended claims.

1 is a top view showing a part of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a spark plug 10 and is a side plan view of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

3 is a ground electrode 51 and a center electrode used in the second embodiment of the present invention, which is understood to be a "fork" structure having two correlation tangents and two tangential relationships and one vertex. Top view of the two electrodes of (20).

4 is a top view of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 52 and the center electrode 20 used in the third embodiment of the present invention having three sections, three correlation tangents, and two vertices.

5 is a top view of two electrodes of a ground electrode 53 and a center electrode 20 used in the fourth embodiment of the present invention in six sections having at least four correlation tangents and five vertices.

6 is a top view of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 60 and the center electrode 20 used in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, having four sections, three vertices, and four correlation tangents.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 70 and the center electrode 20 used in the sixth embodiment of the present invention consisting of a "closed box" structure having four correlation tangents and four vertices. .

FIG. 8 is a top view of two electrodes of a ground electrode 80 and a center electrode 20 used in the seventh embodiment of the present invention having a "closed hexahedral box" structure having six correlation tangents and six vertices. It is also.

9 is a top view of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 90 and the center electrode 20 used in the eighth embodiment of the present invention having a "single straight electrode" structure with one correlated tangent.

10 is a top view of three electrodes of two ground electrodes 100 and 100 and a center electrode 20 used in a ninth embodiment of the present invention having a "double linear electrode" structure with two correlated tangents. to be.

11 shows the tops of three electrodes of two ground electrodes 110 and 110 and a center electrode 20 used in the tenth embodiment of the present invention having a "double T-shaped electrode" structure having two correlation tangents. It is also.

FIG. 12 shows two ground electrodes 120 and 120 and three center electrodes 20 used in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention having a "centered double T-shaped electrode" structure having two correlated tangents. Top view of the electrode.

FIG. 13 shows three ground electrodes 130, 131, and 132 and four of the center electrode 20 used in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention having a "triangle triple T-shaped electrode" structure having three correlation tangents. Top view of a dog electrode.

14 is a side elevation view showing a lower cross section of a portion of the ground electrode 140 having a lower edge edge in a direction toward the center electrode in a correlation tangent relationship, and a cross section of the general center electrode 20.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a ground electrode 150 having a rectangular cross section of the ground electrode having one edge correlation tangent and providing a convex curve edge to the center electrode 20.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a ground electrode 160 having a rectangular cross section of the ground electrode and having one edge correlation tangent and providing a straight edge to the center electrode.

FIG. 17 shows four straight electrodes 170, 171, 172, and 173 of rectangular cross section, with four straight edges in the region described in FIG. 26, but with various straight edges at the center electrode 20, not showing edge correlation tangents. Figure is shown in conjunction to provide.

FIG. 18 shows a triangular ground electrode 180 having a center electrode 20 having three correlated tangents and three vertices, the cross section of each straight section of the ground electrode being approximately rectangular and having three edge correlated tangents. Drawing.

FIG. 19 is a view similar to FIG. 18 showing triangular center electrode 20 and triangular ground electrode 195, given three edge correlation tangents and three vertices.

FIG. 20 illustrates an electrode with an open end shape consisting of a ground electrode 200 having a correlation tangent of “straight lines” and “curves” and providing two vertices and three curved edges to the center electrode 20. to be.

FIG. 21 is an end-opened electrode consisting of a ground electrode 210 which is provided with three edge correlation tangents and two vertices and provides three straight edges and two vertices in the center electrode 20. FIG. to be.

FIG. 22 is given in three correlation tangent relations, and has an end-opened shape similar to that of the electrode shown in FIG. 21, except for a configuration consisting of a rectangular ground electrode 220 and a center electrode 20 having a generally corresponding shape. It is a figure which shows the electrode of.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a ground electrode 230 and a center electrode 20 having a single vertex in it, and two curved edge correlation tangents having a "fork" shape.

FIG. 24 shows two ground electrodes 240 and 241 having four correlating tangents and three vertices, the ends of each of which being " barbs " each of which roughly enclose the protrusions of the center electrode 20. It is a diagram showing.

FIG. 25 shows an edge of a concave curve given to the center electrode 20 by the ground electrode 250.

FIG. 26 shows, at the time of filing, a region in which the lower edge of the ground electrode is exposed to the outer edge of the center electrode so that a "chimney" effect for inhalation of the gas occurs. FIG. 3 illustrates various positions 1, 2, 3 in which the ground electrode 260 can be positioned in relation to the center electrode at three positions 1, 2, and 3 at "

FIG. 27 is shown in FIG. 1 (cutting through the central longitudinal axis of the center electrode 20) with the lower edge of the ground electrode 270 installed over the center electrode in a correlative tangent to the circumferential protrusion to the center electrode. Side cross-sectional view of an embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a view similar to FIG. 27 where the cross section of the ground electrode 280 is streamlined with little interference with the flame front's propagation.

FIG. 29 may be formed in an arbitrary shape different from that shown in the cross section providing an edge (straight or other shape) to the surface closest to the upper edge of the center electrode 20, and may also be applied to FIG. 28 is a view similar to that of FIG. 28 except that it is supported in an arc shape as seen at the electrodes of and the ground electrode 290 is reduced to one edge.

30 shows a plurality of ground electrodes 300 which provide a plurality of straight edges given on top of the center electrode via straight portions inclined upward and inward at an angle that is not as critical as the final position of the leading edge of the elongated member. 301 and 302 (a fourth ground electrode (not shown) can be used).

FIG. 31 shows a "diamond" shaped ground electrode 310 given to the upper circular edge of the center electrode, which has a structure that facilitates the flow of the flame resulting from ignition due to chamfers above and below the ground electrode edge. A side cross-sectional view of the structure similar to that shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 except for the cross section of FIG.

FIG. 32 is a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 1 except for a simple cutout provided on the top surface of the ground electrode 320, which makes manufacturing easier while taking some features of the structure shown in FIG. An example side sectional view.

FIG. 33 is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment having a ground electrode 330 similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that the notch is installed on the center electrode 335 to improve spark efficiency.

34 shows ground electrode 345, except that a "necked-down" is provided on top of center electrode 20 and a "fine wire" emission tip is created in the center electrode. Side cross-sectional view of a structure of an embodiment similar to the embodiment of FIG.

35 shows the edge of the ground electrode 350 cut from the top through a single (not shown) or multiple (not shown) fuselage, with the leading end of the center electrode 20 cut away and supporting an "important" edge. to be.

FIG. 36 is a structure in which a small sized center electrode serves to reduce the charging of incoming fuel and the disturbance to the present flame kernel, but uses more cost than the cost of the manufacture of another embodiment. This structure provides edge-to-edge sparks with little shielding to the combustion chamber, and provides the "maximum edge-to-edge display" of the two edges formed by the center and ground electrodes 365 and 360, respectively. It is a figure which shows the structure of an excitation.

FIG. 37 shows a spark plug with a ground electrode 370 similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 except that a chisel point center electrode 375 is used.

FIG. 38 shows a spark plug consisting of a conical vertex center electrode 385 with a ground electrode 380 similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

39 shows vertices 395 -A, pyramid points 395 -B, V-grooves 395 -C, center recesses 395 -D, polygons 395 -E, single points 395 -F And other ground electrodes, having a plurality of edges 395 -G, cutouts 395 -H, hollow cylinders 395 -I, hollow polygons 395 -J, and necks 395 -K. Figure is a diagram showing a series of center electrode structure that can be.

40A and 40B show that the edges of the center electrode are provided at the edges of the ground electrodes in a 1: 1 relationship, similar to each forming an edge, a pair of ground electrodes 400 and 401 and each edge Top and side plan views of a structure including a T-shaped center electrode 405 having a T-shaped end portion to be formed.

41A and 41B illustrate a ground electrode having two curved sections as shown in FIGS. 40A and 40B or two or more sections used in any one of the structures of FIGS. 40A and 40B and having a curved tangent edge. Top and side plan views of the structure including 410 and an L-shaped center electrode 415.

42A and 42B are side plan views of a structure consisting of a ground electrode 420 and a center electrode 425 coupled to form three correlation tangents.

FIG. 43 is a reference to 'G1' and 'G2', where 'G1' is greater than or equal to zero and 'G2' is greater than or equal to zero, illustrating the "region" concept of FIG. 26 in another way. FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a structure including a ground electrode 430 and a center electrode 20 that provide a vertical horizontal separation operation between two points.

FIG. 44 further illustrates a correlation tangent with features of the present invention, wherein the correlation "tangential" is shown not only in the "first case" with respect to the electrodes 20, 440 but also in the "second case" with respect to the electrodes 20, 441. It is a top plan view explaining the general two ground electrodes 440 and 441 and the general center electrode 20 which are demonstrated.

FIG. 45 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing an intermediate position vertex 455, showing a short length prong with two correlating tangents 453 and 454 as shown in " second case " It is an upper plan view showing the ground electrode 450 and the general center electrode 20 of two branches.

FIG. 46 shows, at the time of filing, that the four edges of the ground electrode 460, instead of having four correlated tangents, provide additional space with the concept of “influent fill flow” described in FIG. FIG. 1 shows a "wide open-box" structure similar to that of FIG. 1 except that in the " area " and outside the protrusion of the center electrode.

FIG. 47 shows, at the time of filing, the two edges of the ground electrode 470 instead of having two correlated tangents, providing additional space with the "influent fill flow" concept described in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a "wide open-fork" structure similar to that of FIG. 3, except in the " area "

FIG. 48 is a concentric representation of an "open" ground electrode 481 and a concentric ground electrode 480 correlated with a typical center electrode 20, showing that the open electrode face has the property of encouraging propagation of the flame core. And a diagram illustrating the difference identified by the non-concentric electrode properties.

The present invention relates to a spark plug having a conventional center electrode and at least one ground electrode, each of which forms at least one lower edge edge tangentially oriented about the round electrode.

The structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, referred to by the "box" plug shown in Figs. The "box" plug uses a substantially square ground electrode that "wraps" around the center electrode of the spark plug when viewed from above. By the way, in fact, as shown in FIG. 2, the box has a gap (0.025 in one test) formed between the plane located on the lower bottom face with the split prong members and the upper rounded end face of the center electrode. "), It does not completely surround the center electrode of the spark plug.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electrode 30 has two end portions 32 which are formed to start apart but extend back to gather. The two end branches 32 each consist of two sections 34 of substantially the same length. The two sections are understood to be divided into a "diverging" section 34 and a "converging" section 34. Therefore, it is assumed that each branch has a "branch" section and a "convergence" section.

The "Elbow Connection" serves to connect the branch section of a particular section to its corresponding convergence section. The elbow connection (two in the embodiment of FIG. 1) is shown as being in a vertical plane extending through the central longitudinal axis of the central branch.

The ground electrode has three vertices consisting of a main vertex 40 and an inner vertex 41 of the two elbow connections.

It is understood that the cross section of the section 34 is a rectangular structure consisting of 0.050 "wide and 0.050" thick. The cross section is given four outwardly linear (no bends at least near) corner edges (also shown in FIG. 14). Correlation of at least the inner bottom edge edge to the center electrode provides improved performance. The relationship is a tangential relationship in which each section 34 has four correlated tangents given in the structure shown in FIG.

It is to be understood that the center electrode shown in FIG. 2 is a "upward" extending center electrode herein. And, it is to be understood that this fact is referred to for the purpose of description, and that the description is not limited thereto. In operation, the electrode can be directed in many different directions while in use.

Other grounding electrode embodiments according to the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 is a top view of two electrodes consisting of a ground electrode 51 and a center electrode 20 used in the second embodiment of the present invention in a " fork " structure with two correlating tangents and one vertex. It is a figure which shows a part.

Fig. 4 shows the upper part of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 52 and the center electrode 20 used in the third embodiment of the present invention, having three sections, three correlation tangents and two vertices.

5 shows the upper part of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 53 and the center electrode 20 used in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, having at least four correlation tangents and five vertices, and having six sections. Indicates.

FIG. 6 shows the upper part of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 60 and the center electrode 20 used in the fifth embodiment of the present invention having four correlation tangents, three vertices, and four sections. .

7 shows two electrodes of a ground electrode 70 and a center electrode 20 used in a sixth embodiment of the present invention, understood as a "closed box" structure, with four correlating tangents and four vertices. Represents the upper part.

FIG. 8 shows two of the ground electrode 80 and the center electrode 20 used in the seventh embodiment of the present invention, which is understood to be a "closed hexagonal box" structure with six correlation tangents and six vertices. Represents the upper part of the electrode.

FIG. 9 shows the upper part of the two electrodes of the ground electrode 90 and the center electrode 20 used in the eighth embodiment of the present invention, which is understood as a "single straight electrode" structure with one correlated tangent. .

FIG. 10 is a diagram of three electrodes, two ground electrodes 100 and 100 and a central electrode 20 used in a ninth embodiment of the present invention, understood as a "double straight electrode" structure with two correlated tangents. Represents the upper part.

11 is a three electrode, two ground electrodes 110 and 110 and a center electrode 20 used in the tenth embodiment of the present invention, understood as a "double T-shaped electrode" structure with two correlated tangents. Represents the upper part of.

12 shows three electrodes, two ground electrodes 120 and 120 and a center electrode 20 used in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, understood as a "double T-shaped electrode" structure with two correlated tangents. Represents the upper part of.

FIG. 13 shows three ground electrodes 130, 131, and 132 and a center electrode 20 used in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, which are understood to be a " triangled triple T-shaped electrode " structure having three correlation tangents. The upper part of four electrodes which are) is shown.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional bottom portion of a portion of the ground electrode 140 having a lower edge edge toward the center electrode at a correlative tangent and a side elevation of the general center electrode 20.

FIG. 15 shows a ground electrode 150 providing a convexly curved edge to the center electrode 20 with one edge correlation tangent. The cross section of the ground electrode 150 is rectangular.

16 shows a simple straight edge provided to the center electrode 20. The cross section of the ground electrode 160 is rectangular. There is one edge correlation tangent.

FIG. 17 illustrates the use of four ground electrodes 170, 171, 172, 173 associated to provide a plurality of simple straight edges to the center electrode 20. Each cross section of the four ground electrodes is rectangular. There is no edge correlation tangent.

18 illustrates a triangular ground electrode 180 providing three edge correlation tangents and three vertices to the center electrode 20. The cross section of each linear section of the ground electrode is generally rectangular. There are three edge correlation tangents.

FIG. 19 is a view similar to the shape shown in FIG. 18 and shows a triangular ground electrode 195 having a triangular center electrode 20. Three edge correlation tangents and three vertices can be seen in the figure.

20 shows an end-opened electrode having a ground electrode 200 providing two vertices and three curved edges to the center electrode 20. In the figure, three "curved" edge correlation tangents are provided. The correlated tangent may be a "straight" correlated tangent or have a "curved" correlated tangent.

FIG. 21 shows an end-opened electrode having a ground electrode 210 providing three straight edges and two vertices to the center electrode 20. In the figure there are three edge correlation tangents and two vertices.

FIG. 22 is an end-opened electrode similar to that shown in FIG. 21 except that the center electrode 20 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the rectangular ground electrode 220. There are three correlation tangents.

FIG. 23 shows a “fork” shaped electrode with a single vertex inside and two curved edge correlation tangents. The ground electrode 230 and the center electrode 20 are shown.

FIG. 24 shows two ground electrodes 240 and 241, which enclose a protrusion of the center electrode 20 and whose ends are made of "barbs." In this figure there are four straight line correlation tangents and two vertices.

25 shows a simple curved edge provided to the center electrode 20 by the ground electrode 250.

FIG. 26 shows various positions 1, 2, 3 arranged at three positions 1, 2, 3 in the “zone” with the ground electrode 260 correlated with the center electrode 20. It is a figure explaining. The positions in this region, as it is understood by the inventors, at the time of filing, are the lower edge of the ground electrode exposed to the outer edge of the center electrode so that a "chimney" effect for gas intake occurs.

FIG. 27 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (cutting through the central longitudinal axis of the center electrode 20), with the lower edge of the ground electrode 270 installed over the center electrode in a correlative tangent to the circumferential protrusion with the center electrode. It is a cross section.

FIG. 28 is a view similar to FIG. 27 except that the cross section of the ground electrode 280 is streamlined with little interference with the flame front's propagation.

FIG. 29 is similar to that of FIG. 28 except that it is supported in an arc shape as seen in FIG. 25 and the ground electrode 290 is reduced to one edge. The electrode structure is also applicable to FIG. 15. The cross section may be of an arbitrary shape other than that shown, where the cross section providing an edge (straight or other shape) to the surface closest to the upper edge of the center electrode 20 is shown.

FIG. 30 shows a plurality of ground electrodes 300, 301, 302 (the fourth ground electrode not shown) providing a plurality of straight edges given on top of the center electrode 20 via straight portions inclined upwardly and inwardly. The use example) is shown. The incline is not as important as the final position of the leading edge of the elongate member.

FIG. 31 provides an edge at the upper circular edge of the center electrode 20 and has a structure generally similar to that shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, except that the cross section of the ground electrode 310 has a “diamond” shape. Side section of the. This structure facilitates the flow of flames resulting from sparks due to chamfers above and below the ground electrode edge.

32 is a modification of the structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1 except for a simple cutout provided on the upper surface of the ground electrode 320. The structure is easier to manufacture while taking some features of the structure shown in FIG.

FIG. 33 illustrates an embodiment having a ground electrode similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that the notch is formed by cutting the center electrode 335 to improve spark efficiency.

FIG. 34 shows a ground electrode 345 except that a "necked-down" is provided on top of the center electrode 20, creating a "thin wire" emission tip to the center electrode 335. FIG. Side cross-sectional view of an embodiment similar to the embodiment of 1.

35 shows the edge of the ground electrode 350 which is given from above through a single (shown) or multiple (not shown) fuselage supporting an "important" edge. In addition, the tip portion of the center electrode 20 is also cut out.

FIG. 36 illustrates a structure having a maximum edge-to-edge presentaton of two edges formed by the center electrode and the ground electrodes 365 and 360, respectively. Although more expensive to manufacture compared to other embodiments, this structure provides edge-to-edge sparks with little shielding in the combustion chamber. The small sized electrode has a structure that serves to reduce the charge of the incoming fuel and the disturbance to the existing flame kernel.

FIG. 37 shows a spark plug with a ground electrode 370 similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 except that a chisel point center electrode 375 is used.

FIG. 38 shows a spark plug consisting of one conical vertex center electrode 385 with a ground electrode 380 similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

39 shows vertices 395 -A, pyramid points 395 -B, V-grooves 395 -C, center recesses 395 -D, polygons 395 -E, single points 395 -F And other ground electrodes, having a plurality of edges 395 -G, cutouts 395 -H, hollow cylinders 395 -I, hollow polygons 395 -J, and necks 395 -K. Figure is a diagram showing a series of center electrode structure that can be.

40A and 40B show a structure having a pair of ground electrodes 400 and 401 and a T-shaped center electrode 405 each having a T-shaped end forming an edge, similarly to forming an edge. Top and side plan views. The edge of the center electrode is provided at the edge of the ground electrode in a 1: 1 relationship.

41A and 41B are top and side plan views of a structure having a ground electrode 410 and an L-shaped center electrode 415 with curved tangent edges. Two sections are used as in FIGS. 40A and 40B or two or more sections are used in any one of the structures of FIGS. 40A and 40B.

42A and 42B are side plan views of a structure consisting of a ground electrode 420 and a center electrode 425, associated to form three correlation tangents.

43 is a structure having a ground electrode 430 and a center electrode 20 spaced apart in the vertical and horizontal directions between two points referred to as 'G1' and 'G2', respectively. Preferably, 'G1' is greater than or equal to zero and 'G2' is also greater than or equal to zero. This is another way of explaining the concept of " zone "

FIG. 44 is a top plan view illustrating two common ground electrodes 440 and 441 and a common center electrode 20, further illustrating the correlation tangent with features of the present invention. As shown, the correlation "tangential" includes not only the "first case" with respect to the electrodes 20, 440 but also the "second case" with respect to the electrodes 20, 441.

FIG. 45 is similar to that shown in FIG. 3, with two branches, with short prongs with two correlating tangents 453 and 454 as shown as an example of the “second case” of FIG. 44. A top plan view illustrating the ground electrode 450 and the general center electrode 20 of FIG. An intermediate position vertex 455 is also shown.

FIG. 46 shows a “wide” similar to that of FIG. 1, except that the four edges of the ground electrode 460 are in the “area” of FIG. 26 and outside the protrusion of the center electrode 20, instead of having four correlated tangents. Shows a wide-box "structure.

FIG. 47 is similar to that of FIG. 3 except that the two edges of the ground electrode 470 are outside the "region" of FIG. 26 and outside the protrusion of the typical center electrode 20, instead of having two correlated tangents. Figure is a view showing a wide-fork "(wide-fork) structure. This, at the time of filing, provides additional space with the concept of the "intake charge flow" described in FIG.
FIG. 48 is a concentric representation of an "open" ground electrode 481 and a concentric ground electrode 480 correlated with a typical center electrode 20, showing that the open electrode face has the property of encouraging propagation of the flame core. And it is a diagram confirming the degree of spark contact due to the non-concentric electrode properties.

The tangential relationship

As described above, in any case, one would like to have one or more straight edges that correlate to the circular (alias, “round”) upper edge of the ground electrode. This is referred to as a "straight edge tangential relationship" provided by a straight edge formed by the ground electrode such that each edge is correlated tangential to the circumferential protrusion of the center electrode. Among the many drawings, the example shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 9 and 10 represents the above contents.

However, "curved edge tangential relationship" is understood to be found in one invention disclosed herein, as shown by way of example for FIGS. 15, 23, and 25.

An important point to watch is the point at which the spark can transfer flame between the center electrode and the nearest ground electrode. The actual arrangement of the branch of the grounding electrode is located at or near the outside of the periphery of the center electrode (not necessarily rounding) of the center electrode at a selected height on or above the center electrode.

One aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figure 17 and 26, it should be understood that the airway intended to be used to some extent in the correlating tangent.

The straightness of the edges

As described above, in any case, it is desired to have a straight edge that is in correlation tangent with the curved upper edge of the ground electrode. And, it is to be understood that one aspect of the present invention is to pray for the use of such curved edges in such a tangent relationship.

The zone concept

FIG. 26 is for reference, a "zone" concept in which the illustrated position exposes the lower edge of the ground electrode to the outer edge of the center electrode (namely its "upper peripheral edge" which should be circular). Figure is for explaining.

In another related concept of the present invention, the edges exposed or given to each other need not necessarily be tangent, but they are within the ignition region of each other, as if the edges are closest parts of two electrodes to each other or like the other two parts of the electrodes. It must be installed so that it is closest. It is beneficial in this concept to dispose the ground electrode on the outer periphery and "unshielding" the top of the center electrode and is different from the tangential and / or vertex concept. Again, placing the bottom of the "active edge" of the ground electrode on or above the center electrode allows the incoming charge gas to more easily flow into the ignition region.

The vertexes

The combination with vertices and correlation tangents provided in some embodiments (examples shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and other figures) provides significant superiority over the prior art. Any vertex provides a vertical "opening" or "chimney effect" that is known to provide improved flame characteristics. Moreover, at the time of filing this combination of vertex and “region” relationships provided in some examples has been demonstrated to provide significant improvement over the prior art.

Process used

The simple shape of the grounding electrode described above is made in ancillary work steps in standard wire-supply electrodes currently used in the industry. Mandrel of a specific structure is used to form various sections of each electrode. Alternatively, stamped electrodes are fabricated to produce a specific structure using a die. Next, the electrode made of the punching is installed by welding to the base of the spark plug in actual use. Instead of drawing, the electrode shape can be produced by laser cutting, water jet cutting, chemical etching, forging, casting, powder metal forming, or the like. Electrodes prepared using the method are welded to the base of the spark plug in a predetermined position.

For the structures shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the electrode structures can be created with little change in the current liner-feed arrangement. The fractionation for the center electrode is conventionally created by using an auxiliary operation to generate a particular auxiliary wire arrangement or by setting it on a basic wire feeder.

Other information
As used herein, the dimension is the "widest measurement" measured in the cross section of the center electrode. For example, with reference to FIG. 1, the maximum width dimension of the center electrode 20 is the diameter of the circular cross section shown. In other forms and cross sections of the center electrode, the diameter is the maximum width dimension of the corresponding cross section.

For example, in FIG. 1, the thickness of the ground electrode having an end portion (with a corresponding section), as known in the art, does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention when the thickness is 0.040-0.065 ". In the range of approximately 0.010 "-0.150", or other dimensions, but approximately 0.050 ". The width of the "stem" is 0.075 "-0.125", although its width may be 0.010 "-0.150" or other dimensions within the scope and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The width of the branch is not critical, but the sharpness of the edge is important. And, in a preferred embodiment, the branches are 0.050 "wide and 0.050" thick, even if each dimension is 0.010 "-0.150" or other within the scope without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Further, as long as the ground electrode has an acute edge that provides a lower edge edge to the center electrode as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 26, the ground electrode is not rectangular or rectangular.

The center electrode diameter is 0.010 "-0.150". The thickness of the electrode "body" at the applicable location is 0.040-0.065 ", although this may be 0.010" -0.150 "or other dimensions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Materials used throughout the entire process are all known in the art, including currently used "premium" materials (e.g., platinum).

Compared with the prior art

In contrast to US Pat. No. 5,051,651 in the present invention, the ignition striking face on the ground electrode is in the form of an open concave curve, a straight line, or a flat convex curve so that there is no obstruction on the way the flame core is spread at the ignition point. . This occurs at a very fine level, with a slight concentric radius on the striking side, which has a negative effect on the growth of the flame core. The discovery that the combustion process is extremely sensitive to the strike surface radius is an important part of the present invention.

Although the length of the concentric curved section is minimized, the concentric ring structure is implemented substantially as the structure of a conventional spark plug. In general, there is a difference between what is described in US Pat. No. 5,051,651 and the invention of Pyrotek. The invention of the U.S. patent relies on ".. hollow cylindrical ground electrode from which combustion gas comes from."

In US Patent 5,051,651, the ground electrode space is always spaced far from the center electrode by a gap. In the pyrotechnic invention, the tangential relationship is useful due to the open nature of the striking face. The somewhat concentric radius imparted to the striking face in a tangential relationship significantly hinders the spread of the flame core.

Finally, U. S. Patent 5,051, 651, in particular, incorporates two mounted fuselages with some shielding effect at the flame core, as compared to the single fuselage of the preferred embodiment of the Pyrotech invention.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above-described embodiments by way of specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Will understand.

Claims (20)

Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode consisting of a cross section protrusion, a maximum width dimension, and a height; A ground electrode forming an edge of a long length extending farther than a maximum width dimension of said center electrode; And the long length edge is tangential to the cross-sectional protrusion of the upwardly extending center electrode, and the long length edge of the ground electrode has a minimum at a height equal to or greater than the highest height of the center electrode. 2. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said edge is a straight line. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein the edge is located along a curved path having a radius greater than the radius of the center electrode and having a radius center different from that of the center electrode. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode having a maximum width dimension and forming a center electrode edge; A ground electrode forming at least one straight long length edge extending further than a maximum width dimension of the center electrode; The at least one straight long length edge is separated from the center electrode edge; The at least one straight long length edge is located above a top position of the center electrode edge; In addition, the one or more straight long length edges are disposed on the circumferential protrusion of the center electrode edge or on the outside thereof; The center electrode edge and the at least one linear long length edge are disposed in a direction facing each other such that the center electrode edge and the at least one linear long length edge are at the nearest portion of the ground electrode and the center electrode in the ignition region. Spark plug, characterized in that. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode forming a center electrode edge; A ground electrode forming at least one long length edge; The one or more long length edges are separated from the center electrode edge; The at least one long length edge is located only at a top position or more of the center electrode edge; In addition, the one or more long length edges are disposed only on the circumferential protrusion of the center electrode edge or only on the outer side thereof; The long edge is non-concentric with the center electrode edge; The center electrode edge and the at least one linear long length edge are disposed in a direction facing each other such that the center electrode edge and the at least one linear long length edge are at the nearest portion of the ground electrode and the center electrode in the ignition region. Spark plug, characterized in that. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode having a cross-sectional protrusion, a maximum width dimension and a height; A ground electrode extending farther than the maximum width dimension of the center electrode and forming at least one long length edge not concentric with the center electrode; The at least one long length edge is at the outer side of the protrusion, and the bottom of the ground electrode is at a position above the top of the center electrode; Wherein the center electrode edge and the at least one long length edge are disposed in a direction facing each other such that the center electrode edge and the at least one long length edge are in the nearest portion of the ground electrode and the center electrode in the ignition region. Spark plugs made. The spark plug according to claim 6, wherein the upwardly extending center electrode has a circular cross section of a predetermined diameter. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode having a transverse cross-section; A ground electrode each having two long edges in a correlation tangential relationship to the cross-sectional protrusion of the upwardly extending center electrode; And the edge is also coalesced to form one intermediate vertex on the outside of the protrusion. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: An upwardly extending center electrode having a cross-sectional protrusion; A box-shaped ground electrode having a branch at the end; Wherein the branch creates two ends, each having a back transition end, and providing four correlating tangents and three intermediate vertices for the cross-sectional projections. In a spark plug which causes sparks in the ignition zone, when standing up, the spark plug is: An upwardly extending center electrode forming one or more straight and non-circular long length edges; A ground electrode forming an edge; And the center electrode edge and the ground electrode edge are in a non-concentric relationship, the spark plug being in a position closest to the center electrode and the ground electrode to generate a spark between the electrodes. In a spark plug which causes sparks in the ignition zone, when standing up, the spark plug is: A center electrode having a circular edge; A ground electrode having a main portion extending over the center electrode and split into two branches; And the branch is formed in a partially "box" shape, the box-shaped body having four sections tangential to the circular edge of the center electrode. 12. The spark plug of claim 11 wherein the ground electrode has a vertex located outside the circular edge of the center electrode. The spark plug according to claim 12, wherein at least two sections of the two branches are disposed along a circular edge of the center electrode. 14. The spark plug of claim 13 wherein the first and third sections are generally parallel. 15. The spark plug of claim 14, wherein the second and fourth sections are generally parallel. Spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition zone, when the spark plug is standing up: A center electrode; A ground electrode extending over the center electrode; And the ground electrode forms at least three correlation tangents. 17. The spark plug of claim 16, wherein the ground electrode forms at least four correlated tangents. 17. The spark plug of claim 16, wherein the ground electrode forms at least five correlated tangents. For spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition area, when standing up, the spark plug shall: An upwardly extending center electrode having an outer edge; A ground electrode having a first edge and a second edge coupled together at one vertex; The first edge, the second edge, and the vertex of the ground electrode are such that the first or second edge of the ground electrode is closest to the ground electrode with respect to the center electrode and the outer edge of the center electrode is centered with respect to the ground electrode. The spark plug according to claim 1, wherein the spark plug is positioned at or around the periphery of the center electrode so that sparking can occur between the ground electrode and the center electrode. For spark plugs causing sparks in the ignition area, when standing up, the spark plug shall: An upwardly extending center electrode forming a center electrode edge; A ground electrode forming at least one straight long length edge; The at least one straight long length edge is separated from the center electrode edge; The at least one straight long length edge is located only at or on top of the center electrode edge; The at least one straight long length edge is located only at or outside the circumferential protrusion of the center electrode edge; And the center electrode edge and the at least one straight long length edge facing each other, wherein the edge is in the closest contact of the ground electrode and the center electrode in the ignition region.

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