KR100690685B1 - Self-magnetizing motor comprising separable exciting pole - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole, comprising: a rotor body, one or more rods installed through the rotor body in an axial direction, and magnetization surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the rotor body ( A rotor having a configurable permanent magnet body; A hollow portion having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotor, into which the rotor is inserted, a plurality of guide slots radially spaced apart from each other along the inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion, and two excitations formed adjacent to the guide slot A stator including a slot and an excitation pole detachably coupled between the two excitation slots to magnetize the permanent magnet body; An excitation coil penetrating the two excitation slots; An induction coil penetrating the plurality of induction slots; The present invention provides a magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole which prevents waste of material cost and increases magnetization efficiency.

Magnetic excitation motor, excitation, separation

Description

Magnetic excitation motor with detachable excitation poles {SELF-MAGNETIZING MOTOR COMPRISING SEPARABLE EXCITING POLE}

1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a magnetic excitation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic excitation motor of FIG.

3 is a graph showing the performance of the magnetic excitation motor of FIG.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10: rotor 11: axis of rotation

12: rotor body 13: rod conductor

14 permanent magnet body 20 stator

21: hollow part 22: main guide slot

23: Sub Induction Slot 24: Female Slot

25: female play 251: female play body

252: The Guide to Female Play 253: The Female Play Projection

The present invention relates to a self-magnetizing motor having a detachable excitation pole, and more particularly to an induction motor until the rotational speed of the motor reaches a synchronous speed. And a detachable excitation pole which prevents waste of material costs and increases magnetization efficiency by detachably coupling the excitation pole of a magnetic excitation motor operated as a permanent magnetic motor at the synchronous speed. It's about one magnetic excitation motor.

In general, induction motors are derived from the principle that force is generated in the conducting wires when current flows through the conducting wires in the magnetic field by Fleming's left-hand law. When the induced current is generated by the law of electromagnetic induction, the rod is subjected to the force by Fleming's left-hand law, and the device converts the force into rotational force.

However, in the induction motor as described above, when the rotational speed of the rotor reaches a synchronous speed, which is the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field, induction current is not generated in the rod conductor installed inside the rotor, so that the induction torque for rotating the rod conductor. Since the (induction torque) becomes zero, there is a limit that it can always rotate only at a speed smaller than the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field.

In other words, AC current of 60Hz, which is a common AC frequency in Korea, is applied, and when using a 2-pole motor, the synchronous speed becomes 3,600 rpm (revolution per minute) by 120 * (frequency) / (poles). In case of 3,600rpm does not reach the limit that rotates at a speed of approximately 3,000rpm.

As a solution to this, in US Patent Publication No. 4,600,873 (Synchronous AC Motor: hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art"), the rotor has a permanent magnet body that can be magnetized to a rotor having a rod, so that the speed of the rotor is synchronized with the rotating magnetic field. Up to the speed, efforts have been made to operate closer to the synchronous speed by operating as an induction motor and magnetizing the permanent magnet body to convert it into a permanent magnet motor in order to reach the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field.

However, since the above-described prior art is formed integrally with the stator because an exciting pole is installed on the stator to magnetize the permanent magnet body, in order to increase the magnetizing efficiency of the excitation pole, not only the excitation pole but also the entire stator is used. There was a problem in that the ferromagnetic material had a high permeability.

Therefore, not only the expensive cost wasted to construct the entire stator as a ferromagnetic material with high permeability, but also the whole stator as well as the stator in case of damage to the tip of the pole during the relative movement of the stator and the rotor. There was a problem that must be replaced.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is possible to remove the excitation pole of the magnetic excitation motor which operates as an induction motor until the rotational speed of the motor reaches the synchronous speed and operates as a permanent magnet motor up to the synchronous speed It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-exciting motor having a detachable excitation pole which prevents waste of material cost and increases magnetization efficiency.

In order to achieve the object described above, the present invention provides a rotor body, one or more rods installed through the rotor body in an axial direction, and a magnetizable permanent magnet surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the rotor body. A rotor having a magnet body; A hollow portion having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotor, into which the rotor is inserted, a plurality of guide slots radially spaced apart from each other along the inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion, and two excitations formed adjacent to the guide slot A stator including a slot and an excitation pole detachably coupled between the two excitation slots to magnetize the permanent magnet body; An excitation coil penetrating the two excitation slots; An induction coil penetrating the plurality of induction slots; It provides a magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole configured to include.

It consists of a ferromagnetic material with high permeability only by excitation of the magnetic pole of the magnetic excitation motor which acts as an induction motor until the rotational speed of the motor reaches the synchronous speed and the permanent magnet motor reaches the synchronous speed. In order to prevent costly waste and increase magnetization efficiency, in case of damage to the excitation pole during the relative movement of the stator and the rotor, only the excitation pole is replaced to prevent costly waste.

Here, one end of the excitation pole coupled to the stator is preferably configured in a tapered shape, in order to prevent leakage of magnetic flux magnetized from the excitation pole to the permanent magnet body of the rotor and to increase the efficiency of the magnetization. .

In addition, the rotor body and the excitation pole are preferably formed of a high magnetic permeability ferromagnetic material. This is to reduce the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux magnetized from the excitation pole to the permanent magnet body of the rotor by the material having a high permeability, and to increase the susceptibility by constructing a ferromagnetic material. In this case, the excitation pole is particularly preferably composed of silicon steel.

The permanent magnet body may be made of a magnetizable material such as barium ferrite or barium strontium ferrite.

In addition, the rod is preferably composed of a conductor such as copper, copper alloy or aluminum in order to generate a good induced current by the law of electromagnetic induction in the magnetic field.

On the other hand, the present invention includes a rotor having a rotor body, at least one rod conductor installed in the axial direction through the rotor body, and a magnetizable permanent magnet body surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body; A hollow part having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotor is formed, and a hollow part into which the rotor is inserted is formed, and a plurality of main induction slots and two excitation slots adjacent to the plurality of sub induction slots are formed radially spaced apart from the inner circumferential surface of the hollow part. And a stator having an excitation pole detachably coupled between two excitation slots to magnetize the permanent magnet body; An excitation coil penetrating two excitation slots; A main induction coil penetrating a plurality of main induction slots; A sub induction coil passing through the plurality of sub induction slots; It provides a magnetic excitation motor comprising.

This is because the main induction coil and the sub induction coil are separately configured to apply an AC power having a different phase to generate a phase difference, thereby facilitating generation of a rotating magnetic field.

In this case, if the current applied from the AC power supply to the main induction coil is applied as it is, and the current applied from the AC power supply to the sub induction coil is applied through the capacitor, the phase of the current applied to the sub induction coil is the main induction coil. Phase difference occurs because it is 90 degrees or more ahead of the phase of the applied current.

At this time, if a phase difference between the current applied to the main induction coil and the current applied to the sub induction coil occurs, the principle of generating a rotating magnetic field by the difference becomes easy. That is, to maximize the effect of the three-phase motor by using a two-phase current.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation principle of the magnetic excitation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail as follows.

However, in describing the present invention, descriptions of well-known functions or configurations will be omitted for clarity.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a magnetic excitation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic excitation motor of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a It is a graph showing the performance.

1 and 2, the magnetic excitation motor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is spaced apart from the cylindrical rotor 10 and the outer circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 10 by a predetermined distance. And a stator 20 provided to surround the outer circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 10.

Here, the rotor 10 passes through a cylindrical rotor body 12 through which the rotating shaft 11 penetrates a central portion thereof, and a point adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor body 12 in parallel with the rotating shaft 11. It consists of a plurality of rod conductors 13 and permanent magnet body 14 is installed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body (12).

In addition, the stator 20 may have a hollow portion 21 formed so that the rotor 10 may be inserted with an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the rotor 10 and radially from an inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion 21. A plurality of main guide slots 22 formed on the upper side and the lower side of the stator 20 spaced apart from each other, and formed on one side between the upper and lower main guide slots 22 and smaller than the main guide slots 22. It consists of two guide slots formed on the other side between the guide slots 23 and the main guide slots 22 on the lower side and formed to face the sub guide slots 23.

In this case, an excitation pole 25 formed of silicon steel, which is a ferromagnetic material having a high permeability, is detachably coupled to the stator 20 so as to magnetize the permanent magnet body 14 between the two excitation slots 24.

Here, the excitation pole 25 is the excitation pole body 251, the excitation pole guide 252 is provided on both sides of the excitation pole body 251 is coupled to the guide groove 202 formed in the stator 20, Protruding from the excitation pole body 251 is formed of an excitation pole projection 253 extending toward the permanent magnet body 14 of the rotor 10 and the end is formed in a tapered shape.

In addition, a main induction coil 22a through which a current is applied from an AC power supply passes through the main induction slot 22, and a sub induction coil through which a current via a capacitor (not shown) is applied to the sub induction slot 23. 23a penetrates through and the excitation coil 24a penetrates into the two excitation slots 24. As shown in FIG.

Referring to the principle of operation of the magnetic excitation motor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

In order to rotate the rotor 10 of the magnetic excitation motor, the excitation pole guide 252 is inserted into the guide groove 202 formed in the stator 20 to fix the excitation pole 25 to the stator 20. When a high-phase current is applied to the sub induction coil 23a via a capacitor, an induction current is generated in the rod 13 of the rotor 10 according to the electromagnetic induction law, and the rod according to the left hand law of Fleming. The conductor 13 receives a force in the magnetic field generated by the sub induction coil 23a to start rotation.

Subsequently, applying a current that is 90 degrees or more slower in phase than the current flowing through the sub induction coil 23a to the main induction coil 22a generates a rotating magnetic field in the stator 20. The conductor 13 continues to rotate under force.

However, since the rotor body 12 is made of a high magnetic permeability ferromagnetic material, the magnetic field generated by the main induction coil 22a and the sub induction coil 23a magnetizes the rotor body 12, and thus the rotor Body 12 is subjected to the hysteresis torque (H) by the hysteresis effect (Hysteresis Effect) and the rotor body 12 also rotates.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotor body 12 and the rod body 13 receive the hysteresis torque H and the induction torque I to rotate.

In this case, if the speed of the rotor 10 becomes equal to the synchronous speed (3,600 rpm) of the rotating magnetic field, the induction torque I generated in the rod body 13 becomes zero, so that the rotor 10 always rotates. It will be slower than the synchronous speed of the magnetic field. In other words, a slip phenomenon occurs.

At this time, when a strong current is applied to the exciting coil 24a, a strong magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil 24a surrounds the outer circumferential surface of the rotor body 12 through the exciting pole protrusion 253 of the exciting pole 25. Is transmitted to the permanent magnet body 14 to magnetize the permanent magnet body 14.

In this case, since the excitation pole 25 is made of a ferromagnetic material having a high permeability and the end thereof is tapered, the strong magnetic flux is transmitted to the permanent magnet body 14 of the rotor 10 without a large loss. 14) magnetized.

Then, since the permanent magnet body 14 is magnetized to become a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet body 14 rotates along the rotating magnetic field already generated in the stator 20.

In this case, even if the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is gradually increased to be equal to the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field, since the permanent magnet can constantly rotate along the rotating magnetic field, the rotational force of the rotor 10 is not reduced. will be.

That is, the magnetic excitation motor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above is rotated by the induction torque (I) and the hysteresis torque (H) at a low speed stage, and at a high speed (synchronous speed: 3,600 rpm) In order to enter, the excitation pole 25 undergoes a two-step rotation process in which the permanent magnet body 14 is magnetized to rotate by the permanent magnet torque P.

In this case, since a strong current needs to be applied through the excitation coil 24a only at the moment of magnetizing the permanent magnet body 14, when a large current is continuously applied, heat loss generated in the coil is reduced and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. Is increased.

In particular, since the excitation pole 25 is detachably coupled to the stator 20, the excitation pole 25 may be formed of only a ferromagnetic material having a high permeability without having to configure the entire stator 20 as a high permeability ferromagnetic material. In addition, when the stator 20 and the rotor 10 collide with each other by an impact applied from the outside while the stator 20 and the rotor 10 are relative to each other, if damage occurs in the excitation pole 25. Since only the excitation pole 25 needs to be replaced, it is possible to prevent costly waste.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and may be appropriately changed within the scope described in the claims.

As described above, the present invention is detachably coupled to the excitation pole of the magnetic excitation motor which operates as an induction motor until the rotational speed of the motor reaches the synchronous speed and operates as a permanent magnet motor when the synchronous speed is reached. The present invention provides a self-exciting motor having a detachable excitation pole which prevents waste of material cost and increases magnetization efficiency.

Claims (4)

A rotor having a rotor body, at least one rod body installed through the rotor body in an axial direction, and a magnetizable permanent magnet body surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the rotor body; A hollow portion having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotor, into which the rotor is inserted, a plurality of guide slots radially spaced apart from each other along the inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion, and two excitations formed adjacent to the guide slot A stator including a slot and an excitation pole detachably coupled between the two excitation slots to magnetize the permanent magnet body; An excitation coil penetrating the two excitation slots; And An induction coil penetrating the plurality of induction slots; Magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole, characterized in that it comprises a. A rotor having a rotor body, at least one rod conductor installed through the rotor body in an axial direction, and a magnetizable permanent magnet body surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the rotor body; A plurality of main guide slots having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotor and having the rotor inserted therein, a plurality of main guide slots radially spaced apart from each other along the inner circumferential surface of the hollow part, and a plurality of sub guides formed between the main guide slots An excitation pole detachably coupled between the two excitation slots and the two excitation slots formed between the main induction slots so as to face the sub induction slots, and magnetizing the permanent magnet body. Stator having a; An excitation coil penetrating the two excitation slots; A main induction coil penetrating the plurality of main induction slots; And A sub induction coil passing through the plurality of sub induction slots and receiving an alternating current having a phase faster than that of an alternating current applied to the main induction coil; Magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole, characterized in that it comprises a. The method according to claim 1 or 2, One end of the excitation pole adjacent to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is formed in a tapered shape magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The excitation pole is a magnetic excitation motor having a detachable excitation pole, characterized in that formed of a high magnetic permeability ferromagnetic material.

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