KR100689191B1 - method for dyeing silk fabric by algae - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of dyeing silk fabrics by algae such as seaweed, seaweed, kelp, seaweed, etc. in the dyeing of the silk fabric, preparing an extract by washing, pulverizing and filtering the algae in an appropriate amount in accordance with the weight of the salt. ;and

It is characterized in that it comprises a step of immersing the silk fabric subjected to the pretreatment process such as refining and soaking in the extract, while pressing slightly under stirring for 25 to 40 minutes in a pH 3.0-8.8 and 20-80 ℃ atmosphere.

According to the present invention, dyeing silk fabric with algae, a natural dye, is harmless to the human body, and since heavy metal ions are not spilled into the wastewater after dyeing, there is no fear of environmental pollution, and in particular, the use of algae disposed of waste maximizes resource utilization. In addition, it is possible to provide a natural-friendly dyeing that can block the water pollution caused by the disposal of the sea.

天然 染色, silk, seawater pollution, seawater

Description

Method for dyeing silk fabric by algae

1 is a diagram showing the overall color of the silk fabric according to pH, temperature and mordant when using laver in the dyeing method of the silk fabric using algae according to the present invention,

Figure 2 is a chart showing the color of the silk fabric according to the temperature and mordant in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a diagram showing the color of the silk fabric according to the pH and mordant in Figure 1,

4 is a diagram showing the overall color of the silk fabric according to the pH, temperature and mordant when using the seaweed in the dyeing method of the silk fabric using the alga according to the present invention,

5 is a diagram showing the color of the silk fabric according to the temperature and mordant in FIG. 4,

Figure 6 is a diagram showing the color of the silk fabric according to the pH and mordant in Figure 4,

7 is a graph showing the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b,

8 is a diagram showing the overall color of the silk fabric according to pH, temperature and mordant when using seaweed in the dyeing method of the silk fabric using algae according to the present invention,

9 is a table showing the color of the silk fabric according to the temperature and the mordant in FIG. 8,

10 is a table showing the color of the silk according to the pH and mordant in FIG.

※ Explanation of codes for main parts of drawing

R: red Y: yellow

G: green B: blue

P: purple

The present invention relates to a method for dyeing silk fabrics using algae, and more particularly, to a method for dyeing silk fabrics using algae such as seaweed, seaweed and green seaweed.

Human beings are part of the environment and live under the influence of the environment, and unlike other environmental factors, they have a lot of influence on the environment.

For example, due to the development of advanced textile technology as well as the development of dyes and dyeing techniques, the fabrics produced these days are very colorful in color and are dyed in the best condition satisfactory in various fastnesses such as daylighting and washing. At the time of dyeing, the wastewater contains transition metal ions such as iron (Fe ^2+, Fe ³⁺ ), copper (Cu ²⁺ ), chromium (Cr ²⁺ , Cr ³⁺ ) and contaminates the water quality. Heavy metals are not easily discharged out of the body as they enter the organism, but are concentrated along the food chain as they move toward higher levels of nutrition, causing a variety of environmental problems and consequently causing serious harm to the human body.

On the contrary, natural dyes have disadvantages of poor color fastness compared to dyes made by synthetic dyes and are susceptible to staining at the time of dyeing. Therefore, natural dyes are gradually deteriorated with the development of synthetic dyes, and some craft dyeers and very few skill transferers However, the wastewater discharged during the dyeing process contains little heavy metals, and most of the wastewater is moldy on the surface and the pigment is naturally decomposed, thereby providing an environmentally friendly, very natural and elegant fashion.

Moreover, natural dyes have a pharmacological effect that is useful for the human body, such as the development of medical and genetic technologies and rising living standards, which intensify the human desire to live longer and healthier, thus releasing far-infrared rays and negative ions to facilitate human metabolism. The present situation is gradually increasing interest in dyeing fabrics using natural materials such as ocher and pomegranate.

However, these natural dyes are somewhat expensive due to their limited production, since land, plants and plants that can be easily obtained naturally have been used so far among natural dyes of vegetable, animal and mineral.

On the other hand, large algae such as seaweed, seaweed, seaweed, etc., which are abundantly farmed in the sea, are used in the food industry, but they have to be disposed of in the food industry.

In addition, due to the excessive generation of organic matter due to the increase of population, the inorganic nutrients are so rich that the side effects of aquatic ecosystems are introduced into these large algae, which leads to a serious problem of underwater pollution due to eutrophication.

The present inventors can prevent eutrophication of water quality due to an increase in inorganic nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates by applying a large amount of algae if the aquaculture algae, which are currently disposed of in water, can be applied to dyeing fabrics. If we can use algae as a natural dyeing material for fabrics, we can reduce environmental pollution, maximize resource utilization and prevent side effects of human body from chemical dyes. I have been studying how to dye it.

As a result, the present invention has been developed a dyeing method of the silk fabric excellent in color, brightness and saturation by dyeing the silk fabric under a special mordant treatment and a specific temperature and dyeing conditions using algae.

       Dyeing method of silk fabric using algae according to the present invention comprises preparing algae such as seaweed, seaweed, kelp, seaweed, etc. in an amount of about 50 times according to the weight of the salt to prepare an extract by washing, grinding and filtering; and It is characterized in that it comprises a step of immersing the silk fabric, which has undergone a pretreatment step such as refining, in the extract, and pressing it with a slight pressure while stirring for 25 to 40 minutes in an atmosphere of pH 3.0 to 8.8 and 20 to 80 ° C.

In addition, the dyeing method of the silk fabric using algae according to the present invention is 35 to 45 that contains a mordant corresponding to 2 to 5% of the weight of the salt to the silk fabric, which has been subjected to a pretreatment step such as refining, decantation and bleaching in advance It may be subjected to a mordant treatment process, which is pressurized by rinsing the chlorine in a state of being immersed in a treatment bath at 30 ° C. and washed several times.In this case, natural mordants such as lye and alum and aluminum, copper, chromium, iron, and tin Synthetic mordant of metal ions, etc. may be applied, but among them, aluminum mordant may be most preferably applied in view of color, lightness, and saturation.

In order to clear the dyeing, the silk fabric of the present invention is polished and removed to clean the surface by removing lead and impurities in the weaving process before dyeing the sericin-treated chlorinated dye through a degumming process. After pretreatment such as descaling, it may be subjected to bleaching in some cases.

Algae to be applied to the present invention, green algae (chlorophyta), seaweeds, seaweed, kelp, mabanban, stone horse, janggu, etc. red algae (phaeophyta), seaweed, wood starfish, etc. (rhodophyta) are applied, and both large algae and small micro algae are applicable. Each of these algae is washed thoroughly and then weighed about 50 times the weight of the chlorine, with a sufficient amount of water to submerge in a crusher, finely ground, filtered through a filter cloth and then applied as an extract.

The present invention is described through the following examples so that the features of the present invention can be more easily understood, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but can be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The color of the sample obtained in the following example is shown according to Munsell's color wheel, R (red), Y

It is represented by five colors of (yellow), G (green), B (blue), and P (often) and YR, GY, BG, PB, and RP between them.

(Example 1)

The silk fabric from which sericin has been properly removed through degassing as a chlorine is removed by washing with neutral detergent in 40 ℃ water and kneading with hand for 30 minutes to remove impurities, and then washed with cold water three times and dried. A plurality of samples were prepared by cutting to cm.

In addition, 50 times the total amount of the salt of the seaweed as a natural dye prepared by the amount in the crusher and poured water to the degree that the seaweed is submerged and finely ground to filter the extract to prepare an extract.

The prepared silk fabric sample was not buried and the sample was pre-buried with aluminum mordant (KAl (SO ₄ ) ₂ · 12H ₂ O), and some samples were pre-buried with iron mordant (FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O). The treatment was divided into three categories.

Afterwards, these three types of samples were immersed in nine salt baths, each of which had a laver extract adjusted to pH 4.4, 6.6, 8.8, and temperatures 20 ° C, 40 ° C, and 60 ° C, all of which were pressed slightly under stirring for 30 minutes. Stained.

This dyeing process was repeated three times, washed three times and dried to obtain a silk-dyed silk.

Dyeing fastness and dry cleaning fastness for washing were measured according to the test standard using Launder-o-Meter according to Korean Industrial Standard KS K 0430 A-1 method, and daylight fastness was measured according to Korean Industrial Standard KS K 0700. It was measured using Carbon-Arcfade-o-Meter according to the method.

As a result, as shown in Figure 1, in the case of unsalted and Al morden and Fe morden, which was not mordified on the silk fabric, red color was most stained in the salt bath at 40 ° C. at pH 4.4.

Significantly superior red dyeing at pH 4.4 could be interpreted as a result of the phycoerythrin reaction predominantly reacting with residues of the silk under acidic conditions. with -NH ₃ + of these residues are reacted with functional groups of the phycoerythrin of acidic condition was thought to be because the increase in dyeing of silk.

In general, the higher the temperature, the higher the degree of dyeing, whereas the red dyeing was good at 40 ° C. and the lowest red dyeing at 60 ° C. (see FIG. 2). These results can be interpreted in the same vein as the condition that the red pigment of safflower in land plants is destroyed by heat and should not be boiled when extracting the pigment, and should be treated at 40 ° C. or lower even during dyeing. In the case of laver, phycoerythrin, which is a red pigment, is a picobiliin-based pigment, a combination of a pyrrole derivative and a protein, which has low heat stability, and is denatured by heat at a high temperature. The red dye was most likely to occur at.

In addition, when the vinegar is added to the sea salt solution through the experiment it was confirmed that the color of the salt solution can be dyed purple also silk purple.

There was no significant difference in the degree of dyeing between unsalted and Al mortar, but the mortar was slightly better than Al mortar. This result was determined by direct bonding of dye and silk by hydrogen bonding.

Aluminum mordant was slightly brighter than unsalted at pH 4.4 with good dyeing (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

Through the above experiments, it was confirmed that the dyeing of silk fabric using sea salt solution gave brighter and brighter red silk fabric when pre-salt with aluminum in acidic condition pH4.4 of medium temperature (40 ℃) (see Tables 1 and 2). ).

However, daylight fastness was found to be low in grade 1 without dyeing, but was relatively high as grade 2 in case of dyeing with Al mordant. However, due to the low dyeing amount of natural dyes, they did not contaminate other fabrics.

And dry cleaning fastness was judged as 4 grade and was excellent.

                            Table 1

Color of Silk Dyed with Seaweed Salts by Temperature and Mordant (H V / C)

Seaweed pH 4.4 (schedule)         Temperature (℃) 20 40 60 Unsalted 3.1YR 7.3 / 1.8 2.6YR 6.8 / 2.1 8.3YR 7.5 / 1.9 Al mordant 4.4YR 7.3 / 1.9 3.0YR 6.9 / 2.1 6.9YR 7.5 / 1.9 Fe mordant 7.7 YR 6.6 / 2.9 6.8 YR 6.5 / 3.0 9.4YR 7.3 / 3.3

                            Table 2

Color of Silk Dyed with Seaweed Salts according to pH and Mordant (H V / C)

Steam temperature 40 ℃ (schedule)            pH mordant 4.4 6.6 8.8 Unsalted 2.6YR 6.8 / 2.1 2.8 Y 7.8 / 1.8 8.4 Y 7.5 / 1.6 Al mordant 3.0YR 6.9 / 2.1 3.2 Y 7.8 / 1.9 6.1 Y 8.3 / 1.8 Fe mordant 6.8 YR 6.5 / 3.0 1.8 Y 7.2 / 3.1 2.0 Y 7.6 / 3.6

(Example 2)

A silk fabric sample was prepared as in Example 1, and the extract was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by selecting the green seaweed as the dyeing material.

In addition, as in Example 1, the pre-buying treatment group by the non-solvent-treated group and the aluminum mordant (KAl (SO ₄ ) ₂ · 12H ₂ O) and the pre-buying treatment by the iron mordant (FeSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O) The samples were divided into three groups in one group.

These three classes of samples were then immersed in nine salt baths, where the extracts were adjusted to pH 3.0, 5.0, 8.0, and 20 ° C, 50 ° C, 80 ° C, respectively, in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Various fastnesses were measured by dyeing and washing with a little pressing under stirring for 30 minutes.

As a result, the dyeing of silk fabrics using blue sea salt solution had the highest saturation at 50 ° C for unsalted and Al mordant. These results can be seen that even when the silk fabric dyed as shown directly in Figure 4, the color appears dark at 50 ℃, was excellent dyeing at this temperature was thought to be a lot of dye.

Unsalted, Al morden and Fe morden all had a significantly lower green dye at pH 3.0, and a relatively higher green dye at pH 8.0 (see FIG. 6). These results indicate that green chlorophyll pigments are dyed by acid group reactions with amino acid groups, which are the residues of silk fabrics. It was thought that the dyeing of the chlorophyll pigments in the basic solution could advantageously take place, changing gradually.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and Table 3, all of the treated samples were most dyed toward the green at the temperature of 20 ° C.

In general, the higher the temperature, the higher the degree of dyeing, whereas the green color of the green color appeared stronger at low temperature of 20 ℃, and weaker at higher temperature. These results suggest that the green photosynthetic pigments of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b , which are greenish green, have different heat stability, and thus, these pigments were determined to dye at different rates depending on the temperature.

The chemical structures of chlorophyll a and b show different absorption spectra, as shown in FIG. 7, where chlorophyll a is green, chlorophyll b is close to yellow, and chlorophyll b is higher in temperature than chlorophyll a. Due to the high degree of dyeing on silk fabrics, the possibility of weakly dyed green color by chlorophyll a at high temperature and the possibility of change of chlorophyll a , a green pigment, occurred as the temperature increased.

The green color dyeings of unbroken and Al-embedded silks were not found to be similar. However, in the case of Fe mortar, the color shifted toward the yellow color, which was judged to be due to the yellow iron ions colored in the silk fabric during Fe mortar treatment, as in other dye materials.

 The lightness of the dyed silk was the highest in all three samples at 20 ° C, which resulted in bright dyeing. In addition, it was predicted that bright colors could be obtained by dyeing blue silk in a silk fabric pretreated with aluminum at low temperatures (see Table 3).

The brightness of the dyed silk was not significantly different according to the mordant treatment, and the difference of pH was almost the same in the unsalted and Al mordant, and the freshness of the color was measured as the pH increased. 4). In the case of unsalted and Al mordant, the freshness was almost similar. In the case of iron mortar, yellow saturation was still somewhat high.

In summary, the dyeing of silk fabric using blue salt solution is possible to dye with high saturation, although the green color (GY) is slightly low under basic conditions of medium temperature (50 ℃), and if it is dyed under basic conditions of 20 ℃ Was slightly lower but closer to green (GY). Low saturation was expected to increase with repeated dyeing under the same conditions.

In addition, the daylight fastness was judged to be low as Grade 1 as in Example 1, and in the case of blue seaweed, the improvement of daylight fastness was not seen even by Al mordant. Wash fastness was grade 1 as in laver of Example 1 but did not contaminate other fabrics.

However, the dry cleaning fastness was judged as 4 grade and was excellent as the case of laver.

                            Table 3

Chromaticity (H V / C) of Silk Dyed with Sea Salt according to Temperature and Mordant

Green pH 5.0 (schedule)         Temperature (℃) 20 50 80 Unsalted 2.2GY 8.1 / 2.2 1.7GY 7.4 / 2.8 0.4GY 7.3 / 2.5 Al mordant 2.0GY 8.1 / 2.3 1.6GY 7.5 / 2.7 0.1GY 7.5 / 2.3 Fe mordant 4.7 Y 7.5 / 3.3 7.8 Y 7.1 / 3.5 6.0 Y 7.0 / 3.0

                            Table 4

Color (H V / C) of Silk Dyed with Sea Salt according to pH and Mordant

Temperature 50 ℃ (Schedule)            pH mordant 3.0 5.0 8.0 Unsalted 7.8 Y 8.5 / 1.6 1.7GY 7.4 / 2.8 2.4GY 7.6 / 3.1 Al mordant 7.7 Y 8.5 / 1.5 1.6GY 7.5 / 2.7 2.7GY 7.4 / 3.3 Fe mordant 2.5 Y 7.9 / 3.2 7.8 Y 7.1 / 3.5 6.8 Y 6.7 / 3.9

(Example 3)

Silk fabrics were dyed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 except that the seaweed extract was used as the dye.

Samples of the three classifications were immersed in nine salt baths where seaweed extracts were adjusted to pH 20, 50 and 80 ° C. at pH 3.6, 5.6 and 8.6, respectively, and all were dyed with slight pressure under stirring for 30 minutes. The fastness was measured by treatment in the same manner as in 1 and 2.

All three samples were dyed with yellow Y-color (Table 5), and Y was closer to YR at higher temperatures and Y was closer to GY at lower temperatures (see FIGS. 8 and 9). As a result of staining with seaweed, the Y series staining close to YR was caused by carotenoid pigments of brown seaweed, a subsidiary pigment of brown algae, and the chlorophyll, a photosynthetic pigment, was stained with Y series close to GY. . This could be interpreted as high green dyeing by chlorophyll a at low temperatures, as in the case of blue.

 Brightness of silk fabrics stained with seaweed salts tended to increase slightly with temperature as shown in Table 5, but this was thought to be due to the low dyeing of chlorophyll at high temperatures. Saturation did not show much difference according to temperature and temperature.

In addition, all three samples were dyed to yellow near YR at low pH, which was thought to be due to the low dyeing of green chlorophyll in acidic conditions, such as blue, and pH 5.6 and basic liquids in seaweed salt solution. The carotenoid pigments were considered to be somewhat stable even in the basic solution due to the fact that there was almost no color difference when treated at the condition of pH 8.6.

The brightness of silk stained with wakame saline was low at pH 5.6 for all three samples, which was inferred to be slightly dark due to the high amount of chlorophyll pigmentation (see Table 6). Saturation was the highest at 50 ° C, which was also observed in the naked eye because it had a higher dyeing amount of chlorophyll pigments.

In summary, the dyeing of silk fabric using seaweed salt solution is almost yellow when the dyeing process is not carried out in liquid solution (pH 5.6) at the medium temperature (50 ℃) or when it is pre-dyed with aluminum (Al). It was found that dyeing is possible. In order to emphasize the yellow color, the dyeing of the chlorophyll pigment could be reduced by heating to a high temperature in a basic condition of medium temperature (pH 8.6) or in a saline solution (pH 5.6).

In addition, the discoloration of daylight fastness, dry cleaning fastness, and wash fastness were determined as in Example 1.

                              Table 5

Color of Silk Dyed with Seaweed Salts by Temperature and Mordant (H V / C)

Wakame pH 5.6 (Schedule)         Temperature (℃) 20 50 80 Unsalted 8.0 Y 7.4 / 2.8 7.5 Y 7.8 / 2.7 6.0 Y 7.9 / 2.6 Al mordant 7.5 Y 7.5 / 2.7 7.0 Y 7.7 / 2.5 5.9 Y 7.9 / 2.6 Fe mordant 3.7 Y 7.0 / 3.6 3.5 Y 7.3 / 3.8 2.7 Y 7.3 / 3.9

                              Table 6

Color (H V / C) of Silk Dyed with Seaweed Salts According to pH and Mordant

Seaweed temperature 50 ℃ (schedule)            pH mordant 3.6 5.6 8.6 Unsalted 4.2 Y 7.9 / 2.0 7.5 Y 7.8 / 2.7 6.6 Y 8.1 / 2.1 Al mordant 4.0 Y 7.8 / 2.1 7.0 Y 7.7 / 2.5 6.5 Y 8.2 / 2.4 Fe mordant 2.2 Y 7.5 / 3.3 3.5 Y 7.3 / 3.8 2.3 Y 7.4 / 3.7

Silk fabric by silk fabric dyeing method using the alga according to the present invention can provide a beneficial pharmacological action to the human body not seen in the dyeing with artificial dyes.

In addition, it is possible to maximize the resource utilization by using algae, such as seaweed, seaweed, and seaweed, which are to be disposed of. Due to the deterioration of photosynthetic biological function, it can help prevent the proliferation and eutrophication of the microalgae of the aquatic ecosystem, which causes the collective death of aquatic organisms, especially the green tide and the prosperity of red algae This can reduce the red tide effect, which can greatly reduce environmental problems.

Claims (11)

       In the method for dyeing silk fabric, Washing, pulverizing and filtering algae of green seaweed, seaweed, kelp and seaweed to prepare respective extracts; and A silk fabric using algae, comprising a step of immersing a silk fabric which has undergone pretreatment such as refining or decanting in the extract and pressing it under pressure for 25 to 40 minutes under agitation at pH 3.0 to 8.8 and 20 to 80 ° C. Dyeing method. The process of claim 1, wherein the silk fabric is subjected to a pretreatment step of refining, coating or bleaching before dyeing, for 30 minutes in a treatment bath at 35 to 45 DEG C containing 2 to 5% of a mordant. A method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae, which is subjected to a mordant treatment step of pressurizing and washing with water several times in a immersed state. The method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae according to claim 2, wherein the mordant is aluminum mordant (KAl (SO ₄ ) ₂ .12H ₂ O) or iron mordant (FeSO ₄ .7H ₂ O). The method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae according to claim 1, wherein the alga is laver. The method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae according to claim 4, wherein when the algae is laver, red silk fabric having high brightness and saturation can be obtained when pre-salt with aluminum (Al) at pH 4.4 of 40 ° C. The dyeing method of silk fabrics using algae according to claim 4, wherein when the vinegar is added to the laver salt solution, the color of the salt solution is changed to purple color to obtain a purple silk fabric. The method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae according to claim 1, wherein the algae is blue. [8] The method of claim 7, wherein when the alga is blue, the silk fabric is dyed with low saturation but high saturation under basic conditions of 50 ° C. The method of claim 7, wherein when the alga is blue, the silk is dyed in a green color (GY) of low saturation but high brightness under basic conditions of 20 ℃. The method of dyeing silk fabrics using algae according to claim 1, wherein the algae is seaweed. 11. The method of claim 10, when the algae is a seaweed silk fabric is characterized in that the algae are dyed yellowish yellow green color close to the green color in the case of unsalted salt and aluminum (Al) pre-salt salt at 50 ℃ pH 5.6 Dyeing method of silk fabrics used.

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