KR100676281B1 - Method and apparatus for shocker absorber of a car bumper in a electroreholigical/magnetorehological fluid-filled - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for a shocker absorber of a car bumper filled with an ER(ElectroReholigical/MagnetoRehological) fluid are provided to reversibly change a state of the ER/MR fluid to adjust various impacts applied to a vehicle and stiffness in proportion to speed of the vehicle. In an apparatus for a shocker absorber of a car bumper filled with an ER/MR fluid, the shock-absorber has a cylinder having a predetermined space formed therein, a piston having a piston rod and a piston head, and the ER/MR fluid filled into the cylinder and reversibly changed by an electric field or a magnetic field applied thereto. A cylindrical safe pneumatic device(200) is filled with nitrogen gas(230), has a disc-shaped copper plate(210) provided in the inner lower surface and a pressing member(220) partially inserted into the upper side, and is provided at a proper position to activate the shock-absorber according to a shock applied from the exterior. The apparatus is installed in a bumper cover to absorb the impact applied to a vehicle. When the ER fluid is filled into the cylinder, cylindrical electrode members are provided at the inner lower side of the cylinder.

Description

Shock and shock absorbers for automobiles filled with ERR / MRR fluids and methods for cushioning them according to the present invention {Method and apparatus for shocker absorber of a car bumper in a Electroreholigical / Magnetorehological fluid-filled}

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle according to the prior art is installed in a vehicle;

2 and 3 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a first embodiment of a shock absorber according to the bumper shock absorber of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention;

4 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a safety pneumatic device according to a shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a damping force profile of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a shock absorber according to a first embodiment of a bumper shock absorber of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention;

7 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method according to a first embodiment of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention;

8 and 9 are cross-sectional views schematically showing another embodiment of the shock absorber according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a flowchart illustrating a shock absorbing method of the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment;

11 and 12 are cross-sectional views schematically showing still another embodiment of the shock absorber according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment; FIG.

14 and 15 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a second embodiment of a shock absorber according to the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention;

16 is a flowchart illustrating a shock absorbing method of the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment;

17 and 18 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a third embodiment of the shock absorber according to the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention;

19 and 20 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a cylinder of the shock absorber according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

21 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing how the shock absorber according to the third embodiment of the present invention is installed in a bumper of a vehicle;

22 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment;

23 and 24 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a fourth embodiment of a shock absorber according to the bumper shock absorber of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention;

25 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing how the shock absorber according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is installed in a bumper of a vehicle;

FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment; FIG.

27 is a perspective view schematically showing a fifth embodiment of a shock absorber according to the shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention;

28 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing how the shock absorber according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is installed in a bumper of a vehicle;

29 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment.

** Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawing **

1: shock absorber, 3: bumper cover,

5: shock absorbing member, 6: bumper rail,

7: frame, 8: chassis,

100: shock absorber, 110, 110 ': cylinder,

111: electrode member, 111a: + electrode,

111b: electrode, 111c flow path,

112: electrode jig, 112a: discharge hole,

112b: auxiliary discharge hole, 113: magnetic pole member,

113a: coil, 113b: flow path,

114: magnetic pole jig, 114a: discharge hole,

115: top plate, 115a: auxiliary flow path,

116: lower plate, 116a: auxiliary flow path,

117, 117 ': Euro, 118: guide,

119: step, 130: piston,

131: piston rod, 133: piston head,

135: upper plate member, 136: connecting member,

141: rubber film, 143: seal,

144: safety pin, 150, 150 ': housing,

160: accumulator, 161: diaphragm,

170: cushioning member, 171: fixing member,

173: upper plate, 174: lower plate,

180 valve, 181 euro,

200: safety pneumatic device, 210: copper plate,

220: pressurizing member, 230: nitrogen gas.

The present invention relates to a shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, and more particularly, to install a shock absorber filled with an ER / MR fluid that can reversibly change its state according to the application of an electric or magnetic field. By controlling the intensity of electric or magnetic field according to the impact applied from the outside, the state of the ER / MR fluid can be reversibly changed to adjust the stiffness and damping area according to the various impacts applied to the vehicle and the speed of the vehicle. In this way, it is possible to effectively absorb the impact energy generated during the collision of the vehicle to minimize the loss of the vehicle body, thereby filling the ER / MR fluid that can minimize the impact of the vehicle to promote the safety of the driver and passengers The present invention relates to a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle.

In general, bumpers are installed at the front and rear of the body of the vehicle to minimize the impact of the vehicle body in the event of a safety accident caused by a collision of the vehicle, and to promote the safety of the driver and the occupant. This minimizes the impact of a car collision.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the bumper structure includes a bumper cover 300, a shock absorbing member 500, and a bumper rail 600.

Here, the bumper cover 300 is an exterior material installed in the front and rear of the vehicle, made of a resin material or urethane for efficient absorption and cushioning of the shock, and the structure is detachably coupled to the front and rear of the vehicle. Is installed.

Here, the shock absorbing member 500 is made to absorb the impact force transmitted through the bumper cover 300 in a collision of the vehicle within a certain range, the bumper rail 600 is the shock absorbing member 500 and the bumper cover In order to install the 300 on the vehicle body, the shock absorbing member 500 is provided on one side, and the vehicle body frame 700 and the chassis 800 are positioned in close proximity to the bumper rail 600.

In the conventional bumper, the impact generated when the front collision of the vehicle reaches the shock absorbing member through the bumper cover is reduced to some extent, but the shock absorbing member does not effectively absorb the shock applied to the vehicle due to the shape and material properties of the shock absorbing member. There is a problem that can not be, due to this lack of safety of the car, there is a problem that it is difficult to promote the safety of the driver and the passenger of the car.

On the other hand, as the attention of consumers to safety standards of automobiles and the improvement of safety standards of various automobiles is increasing, the introduction of various safety devices including air bags is increasing day by day when developing new vehicles.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is applied from the outside by installing a shock absorber filled with ER / MR fluid that can reversibly change the state according to the application of the electric or magnetic field to the bumper of the vehicle By controlling the strength of the electric or magnetic field according to the impact, the state of the ER / MR fluid can be reversibly changed to adjust the stiffness and the damping station according to various impacts and the speed of the vehicle. By effectively absorbing the impact energy generated during the collision of the vehicle, it is possible to minimize the loss of the vehicle body, thereby minimizing the impact of the vehicle to promote the safety of the driver and passengers, and to provide a variety of shock absorbers It can be applied to various vehicles such as commercial vehicles, special vehicles, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with ER / MR fluid which can be applied not only to various shock absorbers for protecting the contents but also to various packages, and a shock absorbing method accordingly.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a shock absorber for an automobile bumper, comprising a cylinder having a predetermined space therein and a cylinder rod and a piston rod and a piston head. A shock absorber comprising a piston having an ER / MR fluid which is filled in the cylinder and whose state is reversibly changed according to the application of an electric or magnetic field; And a cylindrical body, the inside of which is filled with nitrogen gas and provided with a copper plate formed as a disc-shaped body on the inner lower surface thereof. A safety pneumatic device provided in place to operate the shock absorber accordingly; It is made, including, characterized in that made in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

In this case, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, a cylindrical shape is formed at a lower position inside the cylinder, and an electrode member having a plurality of + electrodes and-electrodes sequentially spaced apart at predetermined intervals toward the center thereof is sequentially arranged.

Preferably, the lower surface of the electrode member has a disk-shaped body, the discharge hole is formed in the center thereof, the electrode jig is provided with a plurality of auxiliary discharge holes in the circumferential direction through the edge of the discharge hole.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the inner side of the cylinder is formed in a cylindrical shape, having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder, the magnetic pole member is embedded in the outer periphery of the coil is formed in an annular shape .

Preferably, as a disk-shaped body in the lower place of the magnetic pole member, the magnetic pole jig is provided with the discharge hole extending in the circumferential direction at the edge position.

Here, at least one flow passage is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder.

In addition, the lower surface of the cylinder is formed to be open, the rubber film of the synthetic resin material is provided with a tear.

In addition, an annular seal made of a synthetic resin material is provided at the outer periphery of the piston head.

On the other hand, the shock absorber consisting of a cylinder and a piston and the ER / MR fluid and the electrode member / stimulation member filled in the cylinder; And a safety pneumatic device provided in place for operating the shock absorber according to the shock value applied from the outside. A method of buffering an impact applied to an automobile by installing a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with an ER / MR fluid including a bumper cover, the method comprising: applying an impact to a bumper of the automobile; When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact of the shock absorbing member being applied to the safety pneumatic device; Pressurizing and rupturing the safety pneumatic device by an applied shock; Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device; Generating an electric field / magnetic field in an electrode member / stimulus member provided inside the cylinder by an applied voltage / current; Pressurizing the ER / MR fluid by moving the piston into the cylinder by an impact applied; Reversibly changing its state while the pressurized ER / MR fluid passes through the electrode member / stimulus member; Passing the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid through an electrode jig / stimulus jig; And ER / MR fluid passing through the electrode jig / stimulus jig ruptures a rubber film provided on the lower surface of the cylinder and is discharged out of the cylinder. It is made, including.

Here, the step of pressing the pressing member of the safety pneumatic device by the impact applied from the shock absorbing member; Compressing the nitrogen gas filled therein by pressurizing the pressing member; And rupturing the copper plate provided on the lower side by compression of the nitrogen gas. It further comprises.

Preferably, the control unit or the microcomputer to apply a voltage / current corresponding to the traveling speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle in accordance with the voltage / current profile preset to the electrode member / stimulation member of the shock absorber; It further comprises.

On the other hand, by the movement of the piston head through the flow path formed in the upper surface of the cylinder through the flow of external air by the volume of the piston head; A seal provided at an outer circumference of the seal due to the movement of the external air and the piston head which is introduced; It further comprises.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, ER fluid filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head flows through each flow path formed between the + electrode and the-electrode of the electrode member; Forming a chain shape along the electric field between the flowing ER fluid and the + and-electrodes; And increasing viscosity and yield stress by the electric field to suppress flow of the ER fluid. It further comprises.

In addition, ER fluid passing through each flow path of the electrode member flows through the discharge hole and the auxiliary discharge hole of the electrode jig provided in the lower portion; It further comprises.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the MR fluid filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head flows between the outer periphery of the pole member in which the coil is embedded in the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the cylinder Doing; Flowing MR fluid to form a chain along a magnetic field formed in the coil; And increasing the viscosity and yield stress by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid. It further comprises.

In addition, the MR fluid passing through the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member flows through the discharge hole of the magnetic pole jig provided therein; It further comprises.

On the other hand, in a shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, it is a cylindrical body having a cylinder having a predetermined space therein and an electrode member / stimulus member which is inserted into the cylinder and is provided at an end of the piston rod and the piston rod. A buffer device comprising a piston formed in the cylinder and an ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder and whose state is reversibly changed in accordance with the application of an electric or magnetic field; And a cylindrical body, the inside of which is filled with nitrogen gas and provided with a copper plate formed as a disc-shaped body on the inner lower surface thereof. A safety pneumatic device provided in place to operate the shock absorber accordingly; It is made, including, but is installed in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

Preferably, at least one flow passage is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder.

In addition, the guide piece of the shape surrounding the piston rod is formed to protrude inward in the inner periphery of the inlet of the cylinder.

On the other hand, the lower surface of the cylinder is formed to be closed, a rubber film is provided at the end of the guide piece to be rupturable.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, the electrode member is a cylindrical body, the + electrode and the-electrode toward the central portion is made so that a plurality of sequentially arranged at a predetermined interval.

Alternatively, the outer peripheral edge of the electrode member is provided with a seal made of synthetic resin in the circumferential direction.

On the other hand, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, a piston head is provided at the end of the piston rod, the piston head is made of + electrode, the cylinder is made of-electrode.

Here, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the magnetic pole member is a cylindrical body, a slot-shaped flow path is formed in the circumferential direction at the edge of the center, the upper surface of the slot-shaped auxiliary flow path at the center edge The upper plate is formed through a plurality of spaced apart circumferentially spaced in the circumferential direction and the lower surface is formed with a lower plate extending in the circumferential direction in the slot-shaped auxiliary flow path at the center edge.

Preferably, the annular coil is embedded in the inner circumference of the flow path formed in the center of the magnetic pole member.

And, bumper shock absorber of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the outer peripheral edge of the magnetic pole member is provided with a synthetic resin seal in the circumferential direction.

Here, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the piston head is provided at the end of the piston rod, the annular coil is embedded in the outer peripheral center side of the piston head.

On the other hand, a piston comprising a cylinder, a piston rod and an electrode member / stimulation member and a buffer device consisting of ER / MR fluid filled in the interior of the cylinder; And a safety pneumatic device provided in place for operating the shock absorber according to the shock value applied from the outside. A method of buffering an impact applied to an automobile by installing a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with an ER / MR fluid filled in a bumper cover of the automobile, the method comprising: applying an impact to the bumper of the automobile; When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact of the shock absorbing member being applied to the safety pneumatic device; Pressurizing and rupturing the safety pneumatic device by an applied shock; Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device; Generating an electric field / magnetic field at an electrode member / stimulus member provided at the end of the piston rod by an applied voltage / current; Pressurizing the ER / MR fluid while the electrode member / stimulus member provided at the end of the piston rod is moved into the cylinder by an applied impact; Rupturing a rubber film due to the inflow of external air by the movement of the electrode member / stimulus member provided at the end of the piston rod; Reversibly changing its state while the pressurized ER / MR fluid passes through the electrode member / stimulus member; And reversibly discharging the ER / MR fluid to the outside through a passage formed through the upper surface of the cylinder. It is made, including.

Here, the step of pressing the pressing member of the safety pneumatic device by the impact applied from the shock absorbing member; Compressing the nitrogen gas filled therein by pressurizing the pressing member; And rupturing the copper plate provided on the lower side by compression of the nitrogen gas. It further comprises.

On the other hand, the control unit or the microcomputer to apply a voltage / current corresponding to the traveling speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle in accordance with the voltage / current profile preset to the electrode member / stimulation member of the shock absorber; It further comprises.

And, the outside air flows by the volume of the piston head through the flow path formed through the upper surface of the cylinder by the movement of the electrode member / magnetic pole member; A seal provided at an outer circumference of the seal by a movement of the external air and the electrode member / stimulus member that are introduced into the outer portion; It further comprises.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, each flow in which the ER fluid filled in the cylinder is penetrated between the + and-electrodes of the electrode member by the pressure of the electrode member provided at the end of the piston rod Flowing upwardly through the furnace; Forming a chain shape along the electric field between the flowing ER fluid and the + and-electrodes; And increasing viscosity and yield stress by the electric field to suppress flow of the ER fluid. It further comprises.

On the other hand, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, but the piston head is provided at the end of the piston rod, the ER fluid filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head provided at the end of the piston rod to the + electrode Flowing upward while passing through a predetermined space between the outer periphery of the piston head and the inner periphery of the cylinder consisting of electrodes; Forming a chain shape along the electric field formed between the ER fluid flowing between the outer periphery of the piston head consisting of the + electrode and the inner periphery of the cylinder consisting of the-electrode; And increasing viscosity and yield stress by the electric field to suppress flow of the ER fluid. It further comprises.

In addition, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the flow path through the auxiliary flow path through which the MR fluid filled in the cylinder penetrates the lower plate of the magnetic pole member by the pressure of the magnetic pole member provided at the end of the piston rod Flowing into; Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil of the MR fluid provided on the inner circumference of the flow path; And flowing through an auxiliary flow path formed through the upper plate while suppressing the flow of the MR fluid by increasing the viscosity and yield stress by the magnetic field. It further comprises.

In addition, the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, when the piston head is provided at the end of the piston rod, the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head provided at the end of the piston rod of the piston head Flowing upward while passing through a predetermined space between the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the cylinder; Forming a chain shape along a magnetic field formed in a coil in which the flowing MR fluid is embedded in the outer circumference of the piston head; And increasing the viscosity and yield stress by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid. It further comprises.

On the other hand, in the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle, the upper plate member formed of a disc-shaped body, the connecting member provided on the lower surface of the upper plate member, and provided in the lower portion of the connecting member, so as to be movable downward A piston comprising a piston having a piston rod and a piston head, and an ER / MR fluid filled in a cylinder provided below the piston and inside the cylinder, the ER / MR fluid being reversibly changed in response to the application of an electric or magnetic field; And a cylindrical body, the inside of which is filled with nitrogen gas and provided with a copper plate formed as a disc-shaped body on the inner lower surface thereof. A safety pneumatic device provided in place for operating the shock absorber accordingly; It is made, including, but is installed in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, the piston is made of a + electrode, the lower electrode of the piston head is formed in a plate-like spaced apart a predetermined interval is provided.

On the other hand, the diameter of the piston head and the electrode is formed slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, an annular coil is provided at the inner circumference of the cylinder in the circumferential direction.

Here, the stepped portion is formed to protrude inwardly in the circumferential direction of the inlet side of the cylinder, and the inner diameter of the stepped portion is formed to correspond to the diameter of the piston head.

On the other hand, a buffer comprising an upper plate member, a connecting member, a piston having a piston rod and a piston head, a cylinder provided below the piston, and an ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder; And a safety pneumatic device provided in place for operating the shock absorber according to the shock value applied from the outside. A method of buffering an impact applied to an automobile by installing a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with an ER / MR fluid filled in a bumper cover of the automobile, the method comprising: applying an impact to the bumper of the automobile; When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact shock, the impact applied to the shock absorbing member is applied to the safety pneumatic device; Pressurizing and rupturing the safety pneumatic device by an applied shock; Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber according to a voltage / current profile by a controller or a microcomputer according to an impact value applied to the safety pneumatic device; Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the cylinder by an applied voltage / current; Pressurizing an ER / MR fluid while the piston head moves inside the cylinder by an applied impact; Reversibly changing its state by an electric / magnetic field to which pressurized ER / MR fluid is applied; And inhibiting the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid; It is made, including.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder, the ER fluid filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head is a chain along the electric field formed between the piston head consisting of the + electrode and the lower electrode- Forming a form; Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid; It further comprises.

And, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder, the step of forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil provided in the cylinder inner circumference MR fluid filled in the cylinder by the pressure of the piston head; Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of MR fluid; It further comprises.

On the other hand, a bumper shock absorber of an automobile, comprising: a housing in which the ER / MR fluid is filled; A cylinder provided at an end of the housing, the cylinder being formed in a cylindrical shape and having a plurality of passages formed therein; And an accumulator detachably connected to an end of the cylinder; It is made, including, is installed in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

Preferably, the housing is made of a flexible material to change its shape.

In addition, a diaphragm formed in a disc shape is interposed between the cylinder and the accumulator.

In addition, a safety pin for controlling separation of the cylinder and the accumulator is provided at an outer peripheral position of the cylinder.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing, the + electrode is installed in the horizontal direction in the longitudinal outer periphery of the cylinder, the + electrode so that one end thereof is exposed to a predetermined portion toward the inside from the outer periphery of the cylinder It is installed through, and the inner circumference of the flow path of the cylinder is made of-electrode.

When the MR fluid is filled in the housing, coils are embedded in the longitudinally inner peripheral locations of the respective flow paths formed in the cylinder.

On the other hand, the housing is filled with ER / MR fluid, a cylinder through which a plurality of flow paths formed therein, and an accumulator that is detachably connected to the cylinder; and comprises, between the cylinder and the accumulator In a method of cushioning a shock applied to a vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber of an automobile filled with an ER / MR fluid filled with a diaphragm and provided with a safety pin at an outer circumference of the cylinder, Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle; Releasing the safety pin by an impact applied to the housing through the shock absorbing member when the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact; Applying a voltage / current to a cylinder according to a voltage / current profile by a controller or a microcomputer according to an impact value applied to a housing while the safety pin is released; Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the cylinder by an applied voltage / current; Separating the accumulator connected to the cylinder as the safety pin is released; Flow of ER / MR fluid filled therein by an impact applied to the housing through a flow path of the cylinder; Reversibly changing its state by an electric field / magnetic field to which an ER / MR fluid flowing through the flow path is applied; And discharged to the outside while the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid is suppressed; It is made, including.

Preferably, when the accumulator is separated, the diaphragm interposed between the cylinder and the accumulator is ruptured or separated; It further comprises.

In this case, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing, the ER fluid flowing through each of the flow paths has a chain shape along the electric field formed in the flow path consisting of a + electrode and a-electrode which penetrate inwardly from the outer circumference of the cylinder. Forming; And discharged to the outside through each passage while the viscosity and the yield stress are increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid. It further comprises.

And, when the MR fluid is filled in the housing, forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in each coil embedded in the inner circumference of each cylinder flow path MR fluid flowing through each flow path; Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field is discharged to the outside through each flow path while suppressing the flow of MR fluid; It is made to include more.

On the other hand, in the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle, a plate-shaped body, filled with ER / MR fluid therein, a plurality of shock absorbing members to be bent in the longitudinal direction by a predetermined angle to form a leaf spring; And a fixing member provided at a central portion thereof to fix each of the buffer members. It is made, including, but is installed in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the buffer member, the upper surface of the buffer member is made of a + electrode, each side of the buffer member is made of-electrode.

When the MR fluid is filled in the buffer member, a coil is embedded in each side of the buffer member.

On the other hand, as a plate-shaped body, the ER / MR fluid is filled therein, a plurality of buffer members formed in the form of a leaf spring bent at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction and provided in the central portion for fixing the respective buffer members Fixing member; A method of buffering an impact applied to an automobile by installing a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with an ER / MR fluid filled in a bumper cover of the automobile, the method comprising: applying an impact to the bumper of the automobile; Applying an applied shock to a shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing member among the shock absorbing members, through the shock absorbing member; Sequentially deforming the remaining shock absorbing members close to the shock absorbing member by an applied shock; When the applied shock is higher than the set reference shock, the controller or the microcomputer applying the voltage / current to the buffer member according to the voltage / current profile according to the shock value; Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the buffer member by an applied voltage / current; Reversibly changing its state by an electric field / magnetic field to which an ER / MR fluid flowing through each of the buffer members is applied; And inhibiting the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid; It is made, including.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the buffer member, the ER fluid flowing in the buffer member forms a chain shape along an electric field formed between the upper surface of the + electrode and each side of the-electrode. Doing; Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the deformation of the buffer member while the flow of the ER fluid is suppressed; It further comprises.

In addition, when the MR fluid is filled in the buffer member, forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil embedded in the inner surface of the buffer member MR fluid flowing in the buffer member; Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the deformation of the buffer member while the flow of MR fluid is suppressed; It further comprises.

On the other hand, in the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle, consisting of a top plate and a bottom plate, is formed so as to be contractible between the top plate and the bottom plate, the bellows-shaped housing is filled therein is filled with ER / MR fluid therein, A shock absorber having a valve through which a plurality of flow paths are formed in the other side of the lower plate; And a cylindrical body, the inside of which is filled with nitrogen gas and provided with a copper plate formed as a disc-shaped body on the inner lower surface thereof. A safety pneumatic device provided in place to operate the shock absorber accordingly; It is made, including, but is installed in the bumper cover of the vehicle is made to absorb the shock applied to the vehicle.

Preferably, each flow passage formed through the inside of the valve is delivered to one side of the housing.

Alternatively, a diaphragm formed in a disk shape is provided on one side of the valve.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing, the + electrode is provided in the inner position of the housing, the housing is made of-electrode.

When the MR fluid is filled in the housing, the coil is embedded in the circumferential direction at the inner circumferential position of the housing.

On the other hand, the upper plate and the lower plate, the upper plate and the lower plate is filled with a bellows-shaped housing is filled with the ER / MR fluid, the shock absorber having a valve through which a plurality of flow paths formed in the lower plate; And a safety pneumatic device provided in place for operating the shock absorber according to the shock value applied from the outside. A method of buffering an impact applied to an automobile by installing a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with an ER / MR fluid filled in a bumper cover of the automobile, the method comprising: applying an impact to the bumper of the automobile; When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact shock, the impact applied to the shock absorbing member is applied to the safety pneumatic device; Pressurizing and rupturing the safety pneumatic device by an applied shock; Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device; Generating an electric / magnetic field inside the housing of the shock absorber by an applied voltage / current; Compressing and deforming the housing by an impact applied; Reversibly changing the state of the ER / MR fluid pressurized by the deformation of the housing by an electric / magnetic field generated in the housing; And discharged to the outside through the flow path of the valve while suppressing the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid; It is made, including.

Preferably, the control unit or the microcomputer to apply a voltage / current corresponding to the traveling speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle in accordance with the voltage / current profile preset to the electrode member / stimulation member of the shock absorber; It further comprises.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing, forming a chain shape along the electric field formed between the housing consisting of the + electrode and the-electrode the ER fluid flowing inside the housing is provided inside the housing; ; Inhibiting deformation of the housing by inhibiting the flow of the ER fluid due to an increase in viscosity and yield stress due to an electric field; It further comprises.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the housing, the step of forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil circumferentially embedded in the housing circumferential MR fluid flowing inside the housing; The MR fluid is increased in viscosity and yield stress due to a magnetic field to inhibit the flow thereof to suppress deformation of the housing; It is made to include more.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a first embodiment of a shock absorber according to the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an ER / MR according to the present invention. A perspective view schematically showing a safety pneumatic device according to a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle in which fluid is filled, FIG. 2 shows a shock absorber filled with ER fluid, and FIG. 3 shows a shock absorber filled with MR fluid. It is.

Referring to Figure 1, as shown in the figure, the bumper shock absorber 1 of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention is a shock absorber 100 and a safety pneumatic device 200 It consists of.

The shock absorber 100 is a cylindrical body, which is inserted into the cylinder 110 and the cylinder 110 having a predetermined space therein, the piston 130 consisting of a piston rod 131 and a piston head 133 And an ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110.

Here, the ER / MR fluid is made so that its state reversibly changes depending on the application of an electric or magnetic field. That is, the ER (Electroreholigical) fluid is reversibly changed in its state by an electric field, and the viscosity is changed, and the MR (Magnetorehological) fluid is reversibly changed in its state by a magnetic field so that the viscosity is varied.

On the other hand, at least one flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110, the piston 130 is inserted. That is, when the ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 is discharged to the outside of the central portion of the upper surface of the cylinder 110 into which the piston 130 is inserted, the piston 130 moves according to the movement of the piston 130. The flow path 117 is formed to penetrate the outside air for compensation of the generated space, and the plurality of flow paths 117 are spaced apart at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction at the edge of the upper surface of the cylinder 110.

In the present embodiment, although a plurality of flow paths 117 are formed through the plurality of passages 117 circumferentially spaced in the circumferential direction in place in the upper surface of the cylinder 110, slot-shaped in the circumferential direction on the upper surface of the cylinder It is also possible for the flow path 117 to be extended.

Here, the lower surface of the cylinder 110 is formed to be open, the rubber film 141 made of synthetic resin material is provided to be rupturable. That is, the rubber membrane 141 made of synthetic resin on the lower surface of the cylinder 110 is formed to be fixed to the flow of the ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 to prevent the discharge and departure to the outside Is provided, the rubber membrane 141 is made to burst by the pressurization of the ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder (110).

As described above, the ER / MR fluid is applied to the cylinder 110 except that a predetermined impact is applied from the outside by the rubber membrane 141 that is rupturably provided on the lower surface of the cylinder 110 that is open. When the shock is applied from the outside, the rubber film 141 provided on the lower portion of the cylinder 110 is broken and released by the flow and pressurization of the ER / MR fluid.

In this embodiment, the rubber membrane 141 that is rupturable on the lower surface of the cylinder 110 is made of a synthetic resin material, but is ruptured or detachably provided on the lower surface of the cylinder 110 to be applied from the outside. If the ER / MR fluid is ruptured or desorbed by the flow of the ER / MR fluid due to the impact force, and the ER / MR fluid is easily discharged to the outside, the rubber membrane 141 may be made of a metal material or various other materials.

On the other hand, the annular seal 143 is provided on the outer periphery of the piston head 133 of the piston 130, the seal 143 is made of a synthetic resin material. That is, an annular seal 143 made of a synthetic resin material is provided on the outer circumference of the piston head 133 inserted into the cylinder 110, and the seal 143 is a piston by the piston 130. It is provided to be detachable from the outer periphery of the head 133.

In this embodiment, the annular seal 143 provided on the outer circumference of the piston head 133 is made of a synthetic resin material, but may be made of a metal material or various other materials.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, it is formed in a cylindrical shape in the lower place inside the cylinder 110, the + electrode 111a and-electrode 111b is spaced apart toward the center of the predetermined interval. And a plurality of electrode members 111 are arranged in sequence, and the lower surface of the electrode member 111 is formed in a disc shape on the lower surface of the cylinder 110, that is, the discharge hole 112a at the center thereof. ) Is formed through, and the electrode jig 112 through which a plurality of auxiliary discharge holes (112b) are formed through the circumferential direction at the edge of the discharge hole (112a) is provided.

That is, when the ER fluid whose state is reversibly changed by the electric field is filled in the cylinder 110, the viscosity of the ER fluid is changed by applying a predetermined voltage according to the externally applied shock by the preset voltage profile. Electrode member 111 is provided to the, the electrode member 111 is a cylindrical body, the + electrode 111a and the-electrode 111b are sequentially arranged in a plurality toward the center thereof, the + electrode 111a And a flow path 111c for ER fluid to flow between the electrodes 111b, the lower portion of the electrode member 111 in the center to discharge the ER fluid flowing through the flow path (111c) The discharge hole 112a is formed through, and the electrode jig 112 through which a plurality of auxiliary discharge holes 112b are formed in the circumferential direction at the edge of the discharge hole 112a.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, is formed in a cylindrical shape on the inner lower side of the cylinder 110, having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 110, is formed in an annular shape on the outer periphery A magnetic pole member 113 in which the coil 113a is embedded is provided, and the magnetic pole is formed in a disc shape at a lower position of the magnetic pole member 113, and the discharge hole 114a extends in the circumferential direction at the edge thereof. Jig 114 is provided.

That is, when the MR fluid whose state is reversibly changed by the magnetic field is filled in the cylinder 110, the viscosity of the MR fluid is changed by applying a predetermined current according to an externally applied shock by a predetermined voltage profile. A magnetic pole member 113 is provided to circumferentially discharge the MR fluid flowing through a predetermined space formed between the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member 113 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110. Magnetic pole jig 114 is formed to extend the annular discharge hole (114a) in the direction.

The safety pneumatic device 200 is a cylindrical body, the nitrogen gas 230 is filled therein, the inner lower surface is provided with a copper plate 210 formed of a disc-shaped body, the pressing member 220 on the top ) Is installed to enter a predetermined portion.

Here, the safety pneumatic device 200 is electrically connected to the shock absorber 100, the safety pneumatic device 200 is driven at the same time when the applied shock value is higher than the reference shock value set, the shock absorber ( 100). That is, when the shock value applied to the bumper of the vehicle is higher than the reference shock value set, the safety pneumatic device 200 measures the applied shock value and then controls the control unit (not shown) or the microcomputer (not shown) of the vehicle. By transmitting a predetermined voltage or current to the shock absorber 100 through a predetermined voltage / current profile according to the transmitted data, thereby controlling the magnitude of the electric or magnetic field in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100. Reversibly change the state of the ER / MR fluid.

Here, the damping force according to the impact applied to the vehicle, as shown in Figure 5, when the speed of the vehicle being driven at low speed, medium speed, high speed, and according to the amount of external impact applied to the vehicle according to the shock absorber ( By varying the viscosity of the ER / MR fluid by varying the magnitude of the electric or magnetic field applied to the cylinder 110 of 100, it is possible to more effectively buffer and damp the external shock applied to the vehicle.

On the other hand, the voltage / current profile is a high value set in advance in the control unit or the microcomputer of the vehicle in order to change the viscosity of the ER / MR fluid according to each impact applied to the vehicle according to the speed to match each impact, According to the impact applied to the vehicle by applying a predetermined voltage / current to the bumper shock absorber 1 of the vehicle according to the speed, the passenger inside the vehicle, the weight of the vehicle, and the like, the ER / MR fluid Viscosity is changed to minimize the impact on the car.

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 6, and 7.

First, the bumper shock absorber 1 of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment is installed in a bumper of an automobile. At this time, the shock absorber 100 and the safety pneumatic device 200 of the shock absorber 1 are sequentially installed in the longitudinal direction in the bumper provided in the front or rear of the vehicle.

As described above, when an impact is applied to the bumper of the vehicle in which the bumper shock absorber 1 of the automobile in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment is installed (S11), the bumper cover 3 is provided in the bumper cover 3. External shock is absorbed into the frame 7 and the chassis 8 of the vehicle through the shock absorbing member 5 and the bumper rail 6, and the shock value applied to the shock absorbing member 5 is set in advance. When the impact value is higher than the shock value, a shock that is not absorbed through the shock absorbing member 5 is applied to the bumper rail 6, and the shock applied to the bumper rail 6 is in contact with the bumper rail 6. 200 is applied to (S12), and thereby the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured (S13).

At this time, by the impact applied to the pressing member 220 of the safety pneumatic device 200, the pressing member 220 is pressurized while absorbing the shock (S13-1) and moves therein, and the pressing member 220 moves. Nitrogen gas 230 is filled in the interior of the safety pneumatic device 200 by the compression (S13-2), the pressure member 220 is moved to the inside by the impact that is continuously applied to the inner lower side The copper plate 210 provided is ruptured (S13-3).

As described above, when the copper plate 210 provided on the inner lower side of the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, an impact value corresponding to the rupture is transmitted to a control unit or a microcomputer of a vehicle separately provided, A predetermined voltage or current is applied to the shock absorber 100 by the data according to the data (S14). That is, when the copper plate 210 provided on the inner lower side of the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, the controller or micom recognizes that a shock higher than a preset shock is applied according to a preset voltage / current profile. A predetermined voltage or current is applied to the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100 (14-1).

Here, the electric field / magnetic field is generated in the electrode member / stimulation member (111, 113) provided in the cylinder 110 by the voltage / current applied by the control unit or the microcomputer of the vehicle (S15).

In addition, the piston 130 pressurizes the ER / MR fluid by the continuous application of the impact (S16), which causes the ER / MR fluid to pass through the electrode members / stimulating members 111 and 113, thereby reversible. (S17).

Here, when the piston head 133 inserted into the cylinder 110 moves downward, as much as the volume of the piston head 133 through the flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 in place. Outside air is introduced (S16-1), and thus the seal 143 provided on the outer periphery of the piston head 133 is separated (S16-2).

Meanwhile, the ER / MR fluid whose state is reversibly changed through the electrode members / stimulation members 111 and 113 passes through the electrode jig / stimulation jig 112 and 114 (S18) and the electrode jig / stimulation jig. The ER / MR fluid passing through the 112 and 114 breaks the rubber membrane 141 and is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 110 (S19).

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the electrode member provided in the cylinder 110 by the data according to the impact value measured through the safety pneumatic device 200 A predetermined voltage is applied to the 111, thereby forming an electric field in the electrode member 111.

As described above, after the predetermined voltage is applied to the cylinder 110 according to the externally applied shock, the bumper rail 6 may be moved to the piston of the shock absorber 100 by continuous external shock. Pressurizes 130 and the piston 130 moves inside the cylinder 110 by pressurizing the bumper rail 6, and the piston head 133 moving in the cylinder 110 pressurizes the ER fluid. To flow downward in the interior of the cylinder (110).

At this time, the outside of the piston head 133 by the volume of the piston head 133 through each flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 by the movement of the piston head 133 The ER fluid is moved through the flow path 117 while the annular seal 143 provided on the outer circumference of the piston head 133 is separated by the flow of the ER fluid according to the movement of the piston head 133. A predetermined amount is discharged.

In addition, the ER fluid flowing downward in the cylinder 110 by the continuous pressurization of the piston head 133 passes through the electrode member 111 provided in the lower side of the cylinder 110, and its state is reversibly. It changes to cushion the impact applied through the piston (130).

In this way, the ER fluid is applied with a predetermined voltage and passes through the electrode member 111 having an electric field. The state of the ER fluid is reversibly changed, and the viscosity of the ER fluid is changed. The ER fluid passing through the electrode jig 112 ruptures the rubber film 141 that is rupturably provided on the inner lower side of the cylinder 110, and then is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 110.

Here, the ER fluid flowing downwardly inside the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 is the + electrode of the electrode member 111 in which a plurality of + electrodes 111 a and − b electrodes 111 b are sequentially arranged. It flows through each flow path 111c penetrating between 111a and −111b, and an electric field is applied to the ER fluid, thereby reversibly changing its state.

In this case, the shock absorber 100 is connected to a voltage amplifier (not shown) provided in the vehicle to provide the voltage provided by the voltage amplifier to the electrode member 111 provided in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100. As a result, an electric field is formed in the + electrode 111 a and the − electrode 111 b of the electrode member 111.

As described above, when the voltage by the voltage profile preset in accordance with the magnitude of the various impact force applied to the vehicle is applied to the + electrode 111a and-electrode 111b of the electrode member 111, the particles of the ER fluid While passing through each flow path (111c) of the electrode member 111 (S17-1) and forms a chain form along the electric field formed between the + electrode (111a) and-electrode (111b) (S17-2), Accordingly, as the viscosity of the ER fluid increases, the yield stress of the ER fluid increases, and the increased yield stress suppresses the flow of the ER fluid (S17-3) and absorbs the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 100, thereby applying an external shock. Can be buffered.

Meanwhile, the ER fluid whose state is reversibly changed through the flow path 111c flows through the discharge hole 112a and the auxiliary discharge hole 112b formed in the electrode jig 112 to open the rubber film 141. After rupture, it is discharged to the outside (18-1).

On the other hand, the voltage amplifier is electrically connected to a separate control unit or a microcomputer of the car is predetermined to the electrode member 111 provided in the cylinder 110 by a predetermined voltage profile according to the magnitude of the impact applied from the outside. Apply voltage.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the magnetic pole member provided in the cylinder 110 by the data according to the shock value input through the safety pneumatic device 200 A predetermined current is applied to the coil 113a of 113, thereby forming a magnetic field in the magnetic pole member 113.

As described above, after the predetermined voltage is applied to the cylinder 110 according to the externally applied shock, a magnetic field is formed, and the bumper rail 6 is then moved to the piston of the shock absorber 100 by continuous external shock. Pressurizes 130 and the piston 130 moves inside the cylinder 110 by pressurizing the bumper rail 6, and the piston head 133 moving in the cylinder 110 pressurizes the MR fluid. To flow downward in the interior of the cylinder (110).

At this time, the outside of the piston head 133 by the volume of the piston head 133 through each flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 by the movement of the piston head 133 The MR fluid is moved through the flow path 117 while the annular seal 143 provided on the outer circumference of the piston head 133 is separated by the flow of the MR fluid according to the movement of the piston head 133. A predetermined amount is discharged.

In addition, the MR fluid flowing downward in the cylinder 110 by the continuous pressurization of the piston head 133 passes through the magnetic pole member 113 provided inside the cylinder 110, and its state is reversibly. It changes to cushion the impact applied through the piston (130).

As such, the MR fluid is reversibly changed in a state where a predetermined current is applied and passes through the magnetic pole member 113 having a magnetic field. After passing through the magnetic pole jig 114, the MR fluid ruptures the rubber membrane 141 that is rupturably provided on the inner lower side of the cylinder 110, and then is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 110.

Here, the MR fluid flowing downward in the interior of the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 is between the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member 113, the coil 113a is embedded and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110. Through the flow (S17-4), due to this the magnetic field is applied to the MR fluid is changed reversibly, the current by the current profile is set in advance according to the magnitude of the various impact force applied to the vehicle stimulation member 113 When applied to the coil 113a provided at the outer periphery of the magnetic fluid particles formed by the coil 113a while passing through the space between the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member 113 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 Form a chain shape along (S17-5), thereby increasing the viscosity of the MR fluid to increase the yield stress of the MR fluid, the higher yield stress inhibits the flow of the MR fluid (S17-6) Delivered with 100) By absorbing gyeokryeok it is possible to buffer the impact applied from the outside.

On the other hand, the MR fluid reversibly changed state flows through the discharge hole 114a extending in the magnetic pole jig 114 to rupture the rubber film 141 is discharged to the outside (S18-2).

When the impact value applied to the bumper of the vehicle is larger than the preset reference shock value, the shock value is measured by the safety pneumatic device 200, and the data set in the voltage / current profile is measured according to the measured shock value. By transmitting a predetermined voltage and current to the electrode member 111 or the magnetic pole member 113, the ER / MR fluid is changed to have a predetermined viscosity while passing through the electrode member 111 and the magnetic pole member 113, This can cushion various shocks applied to the bumper of the vehicle.

In addition, each vehicle may be adjusted by adjusting the viscosity of the ER / MR fluid so as to correspond to the driving speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle, that is, low speed driving, medium speed driving, high speed driving and low speed collision, medium speed collision, high speed collision, or the like. Not only can the shock applied to the vehicle be dampened regardless of the collision, but it can also absorb the shock energy delivered to the driver and occupant.

8 and 9 are cross-sectional views schematically showing another embodiment of the shock absorber according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment. 8 shows a shock absorber in which an ER fluid is filled, and FIG. 9 shows a shock absorber in which an MR fluid is filled, and a bumper for an automobile bumper in which an ER / MR fluid is filled. Some of the structures of the cylinder and the piston of the shock absorber according to the shock absorber.

Referring to FIG. 1, as shown in the drawing, in the present embodiment, the piston rod 131 is formed at the inlet inner circumference of the cylinder 110 in which the piston rod 131 is inserted in the shock absorber 100. Guide piece 118 formed in a shape surrounding the is formed to protrude inward. That is, the cylindrical guide piece 118 surrounding the outer periphery of the piston rod 131 is formed to protrude inwards downward in the inner periphery of the inlet of the cylinder 110, the piston rod 131 is inserted, The guide piece 118 has a predetermined length.

Here, the lower surface of the cylinder 110 is made to be closed, a rubber film 141 is provided at the end of the guide piece 118 to be rupturable, the rubber film 141 is a piston rod 131 Holes having a shape corresponding to the diameter of the piston rod 131 are formed in the center thereof for the smooth movement of the).

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the end of the piston rod 131 of the piston 130 as a cylindrical body, toward the center of the + electrode 111a and- A plurality of electrodes 111b are sequentially arranged, and an electrode member 111 having a flow path 111c formed at a predetermined interval between the + electrode 111a and the -electrode 111b is provided, and the electrode member ( The outer periphery of the 111 is provided with a synthetic resin seal 143 in the circumferential direction.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the end of the piston rod 131 of the piston 130 as a cylindrical body, the slot-shaped flow in the circumferential direction at the edge of the center Furnace (113b) is formed, the upper surface is provided with a top plate 115 formed through the plurality of slot-shaped auxiliary flow path (115a) in the circumferential direction spaced apart a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, the lower surface of the center At the edge, a magnetic pole member 113 having a lower plate 116 having a slot-shaped auxiliary flow path 116a extending in the circumferential direction is installed.

Here, a synthetic resin seal 143 is provided at the outer circumference of the magnetic pole member 113 in a circumferential direction, and an annular coil 113a for embedding a magnetic field in the inner circumferential center of the magnetic pole member 113 is embedded. .

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, a plurality of the buffer device 100 and the safety pneumatic device 200 are sequentially installed in the longitudinal direction in the vehicle bumper.

As described above, after the shock absorber 100 and the safety pneumatic device 200 are installed, when a shock is applied to the bumper of the vehicle (S21), the shock is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S22), and the applied shock By the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured (S23).

At this time, the pressurizing member 220 of the safety pneumatic device 200 is pressurized while absorbing the shock (S23-1) and moves therein, and the nitrogen gas filled therein by the moving pressurizing member 220 ( 230 is compressed (S23-2), the copper member 210 provided on the inner lower side is ruptured by moving the pressing member 220 to the inside by the impact applied continuously (S23-3).

As described above, when the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, the control unit or the microcomputer applies a predetermined voltage or current to the shock absorber 100 (S24). That is, when the copper plate 210 provided on the inner lower side of the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, the controller or micom recognizes that a shock higher than a preset shock is applied according to a preset voltage / current profile. A predetermined voltage or current is applied to the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100 (24-1).

Here, the electric field / magnetic field is generated in the electrode member / magnetic member (111, 113) provided at the end of the piston rod 131 by the voltage / current applied by the control unit or the microcomputer of the vehicle (S25).

Then, the electrode member / stimulating member 111, 113) pressurizes the ER / MR fluid by the continuous application of the impact (S26), and the flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110. As the outside air is introduced through the rubber membrane 141 is ruptured (S27).

On the other hand, when the electrode member / stimulation member (111, 113) inserted into the cylinder 110 is moved through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 by the volume of the electrode member / stimulation member (111, 113)) Outside air flows in through the flow path 117 (S26-1), and thus the annular seal 143 provided on the outer circumference of the electrode member / stimulus member 111, 113 is separated (S26-). 2).

Next, while the ER / MR fluid passes through the electrode members / stimulation members 111 and 113, the state is reversibly changed (S27), and the flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110. It is discharged to the outside through (S28).

On the other hand, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the ER is filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the electrode member 111 provided at the end of the piston rod 131. After the fluid flows upwardly of the cylinder 110 through the respective flow paths 111c formed between the + electrode 111a and the -electrode 111b of the electrode member 111 (S28-1), the electrode member Particles of the ER fluid flowing through each of the flow paths 111c formed between the + electrode 111 a and the − electrode 111 b of (111) form a chain shape along the electric field (S28-2), and the higher yield The flow of the ER fluid is suppressed due to the stress (S28-3) to absorb the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 100 can cushion the shock applied from the outside.

The state is reversibly changed by the electric field applied to the electrode member 111 to cushion the external shock applied through the piston 130, and then a flow path 117 formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110. Through the outside.

Here, the viscosity of the reversibly changing ER fluid is adjusted by the electrode member 111 to which a predetermined voltage is applied by a high voltage profile, which is preset according to the magnitude of various impact forces.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the current profile preset to the magnetic pole member 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 according to the impact applied to the vehicle A predetermined current by is applied.

Then, the impact applied to the bumper of the vehicle by the continuous external shock is applied to the bumper rail 6, the bumper rail 6 pressurizes the piston 130 by the applied shock, the bumper rail When the piston rod 131 is moved into the cylinder 110 by the pressure of 6, the magnetic pole member 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 moves downward in the cylinder 110. The seal 143 made of synthetic resin provided on the outer circumference thereof is separated.

As described above, the piston rod 131 of the piston 130 is moved to the inside of the cylinder 110 by the pressurization of the bumper rail 6, and is provided at the end thereof by the movement of the rod of the cylinder 110. As the magnetic pole member 113 moves downward in the cylinder 110, MR fluid as much as the volume of the magnetic pole member 113 flows upward in the cylinder 110.

At this time, by the movement of the magnetic pole member 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131, the outside air flows through each flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110, the cylinder 110 The MR fluid filled therein flows upwardly of the cylinder 110, thereby rupturing the rubber membrane 141 provided at the end of the guide piece 118 of the cylinder 110.

Then, the MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the magnetic pole member 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 is formed to extend in the circumferential direction on the lower plate 116 of the magnetic pole member 113 The MR fluid passing through the auxiliary flow path 116a (S28-4) and passing through the auxiliary flow path 116a is annularly provided in the flow path 113b of the inner circumference of the magnetic pole member 113, 113a. Form a chain shape along the magnetic field applied to (S28-5), and through the plurality of auxiliary flow paths (115a) formed in the upper plate 115 while suppressing the flow of the MR fluid by the higher yield stress (S28-6) ), The MR fluid passing through the auxiliary flow path (115a) is discharged to the outside through the flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder (110).

At this time, the MR fluid flowing upward in the cylinder 110 through the flow path 113b and the auxiliary flow paths 115a and 116a of the magnetic pole member 113 is applied to the magnetic pole member 113. By reversibly changing its state by the buffer to the external shock applied through the piston 130.

Here, the viscosity of the reversibly varying MR fluid is adjusted by the magnetic pole member 113 to which a predetermined current is applied by presetting a high current profile in accordance with the magnitude of various impact forces.

On the other hand, when the piston head 133 is provided at the end of the piston rod 131, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the inlet inner circumference of the cylinder 110, the piston rod 131 is inserted The guide piece 118 formed in a shape surrounding the piston rod 131 is formed to protrude downward inward, the guide piece 118 is extended to the center of the cylinder (110).

Here, when ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the piston head 133 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 of the piston 130 is made of a + electrode, The inner circumference of the cylinder 110 consists of-electrodes. That is, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the piston head 133 is made of a positive electrode, the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 is made of a negative electrode in advance The state of the ER fluid is reversibly changed by the electric field generated when the voltage is applied by the set voltage profile.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, an annular coil in the outer peripheral center of the piston head 133 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 of the piston 130 113a is embedded. That is, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the annular coil 113a is embedded in the outer peripheral center of the piston head 133 to the preset current profile. The state of the MR fluid is reversibly changed by the magnetic field generated when the current is applied.

As described above, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, as shown in FIG. 13, the piston rod 131 is connected to the end of the piston rod 131 according to the impact applied to the vehicle. A predetermined voltage is applied to the inner circumference of the piston head 133 made of the + electrode and the cylinder 110 made of the-electrode.

Here, the ER fluid flows upward through a predetermined space formed between the piston head 133 made of the + electrode and the inner circumference of the cylinder 110 made of the-electrode (S28'-1), and the piston head ( When a predetermined voltage is applied to the inner periphery of the cylinder 133 and the cylinder 110, particles of ER fluid flowing through the outer periphery of the piston head 133 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 form a chain along the electric field. (S28'-2), the flow of the ER fluid is suppressed due to the increased yield stress (S28'-3) to absorb the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 100 can buffer the shock applied from the outside.

As described above, while the viscosity of the ER fluid is changed by the electric field, the flow is suppressed and discharged to the outside through the flow path 117 formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110.

At this time, the state of the ER fluid flowing upward through a predetermined space formed between the outer periphery of the piston head 133 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 is reversibly changed by an electric field formed according to the applied voltage. By changing, the external shock applied through the piston 130 is buffered.

Here, the viscosity of the reversibly changing ER fluid is controlled by the inner circumference of the piston head 133 and the cylinder 110 to which a predetermined voltage is applied by a voltage profile preset in accordance with various magnitudes of impact force.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, buried in the outer periphery of the piston head 133 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 according to the impact applied to the vehicle The predetermined current according to the preset current profile is applied to the coil 113a.

Here, the MR fluid flows upward through a predetermined space formed between the outer periphery of the piston head 133 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 (S28'-4), and the outside of the piston head 133. When a predetermined current is applied to the coil 113a embedded at the periphery, particles of the MR fluid flowing through the outer periphery of the piston head 133 form a chain according to the magnetic field (S28'-5), and the increased viscosity and yield The stress inhibits the flow of ER fluid (28'-6).

As described above, while the viscosity of the MR fluid is changed by the magnetic field, the flow is suppressed and discharged to the outside through the flow path 117 formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110.

At this time, the MR fluid flowing upward through a predetermined space formed between the outer periphery of the piston head 133 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110 is reversibly in the state by an electric field formed according to the applied current. By changing, it buffers the external shock applied through the piston 130.

Here, the viscosity of the reversibly changing MR fluid is controlled by the coil 113a of the piston head 133 to which a predetermined current is applied by a current profile set in advance according to the magnitude of various impact forces.

As described above, when the shock value applied to the bumper of the vehicle is larger than the preset reference shock value, the shock value is measured by the safety pneumatic device 200, and the voltage preset in accordance with the measured shock value. ER passing through the outer periphery of the piston head 133 by receiving the data of the current profile and providing the piston head 133 and the cylinder 110 or the piston head 133 with a voltage or current according to the received data. The / MR fluid is varied to have a predetermined viscosity, which causes the ER / MR fluid to have a viscosity corresponding to the impact value applied to the bumper of the vehicle, so that the ER / MR fluid has a cushioning force appropriate to the impact applied to the bumper of the vehicle.

14 and 15 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a second embodiment of the shock absorber according to the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid according to the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a ER / MR according to the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is a flow chart illustrating a shock absorbing method of a shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with MR fluid, and FIG. 14 shows a shock absorber filled with ER fluid, and FIG. 15 shows a shock absorber filled with MR fluid. Some of the structure of the cylinder and the piston of the shock absorber according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid.

Referring to Figure 1, as shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the shock absorber 100 is provided on the upper plate member 135 and the lower surface of the upper plate member 135 formed in a disk-like body The piston 130 and the piston having a connection member 136 and the piston rod 131 and the piston head 133 which is provided at the lower portion of the connection member 136 to be moved downward by the pressure ( It consists of a cylinder (110) provided at the bottom of the 130.

Here, when ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the piston 130 is made of a + electrode, the lower electrode of the piston 130 is provided with an electrode (111b)- . That is, when ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, the piston rod 131 and the piston head 133 are formed to reversibly change the state of the ER fluid filled in the cylinder 110. Piston 130 is made of a + electrode, the lower side of the piston head 133 is provided with-electrode 111b which is formed in a plate shape spaced apart by a predetermined interval.

At this time, the diameter of the piston head 133 and the negative electrode 111b consisting of the + electrode is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 110.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the stepped projection 119 is formed in the circumferential direction inwardly in the inner periphery of the inlet side of the cylinder 110, the stepped ( The inner diameter of 119 is formed to be the same as the diameter of the piston head 133.

Here, in order to reversibly change the state of the MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110, an annular coil 113a in the circumferential direction is provided at the inner circumference of the cylinder 110.

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described.

When an impact is applied to the bumper of the vehicle (S31), the impact is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S32), and the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured by the applied shock (S33).

As described above, when the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, the control unit or the microcomputer applies a predetermined voltage or current to the shock absorber 100 (S34). That is, when the copper plate 210 provided on the inner lower side of the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured, the controller or micom recognizes that a shock higher than a preset shock is applied according to a preset voltage / current profile. The electric field / magnetic field is generated by applying a predetermined voltage or current to the piston 130 consisting of the + electrode of the shock absorber 100 and the coil 113a embedded at the inner periphery of the electrode 111b or the cylinder 110. (S35).

In addition, the bumper rail 6 of the vehicle presses the upper plate member 135 by the continuous application of the impact, and the piston 130 connected to the connecting member 136 connected to the upper plate member 135 is pressed. The piston head 133 of the piston 130 moves to the inside of the cylinder 110 to pressurize the ER / MR fluid (S36), and the piston head 133 made of the + electrode and the-electrode provided under the ( The state of the MR fluid is reversibly changed by the electric field or the magnetic field by the ER fluid filled between 111b) and the coil 113a embedded in the inner circumference of the cylinder 110 (S37).

Then, the state of the ER / MR fluid is reversibly changed while flowing between the piston 130 made of the + electrode and the negative electrode 111b or the coil 113a embedded in the inner circumference of the cylinder 110. Afterwards it is discharged to the outside through the flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder (110) (S38).

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the piston 130 consisting of the + electrode and the-electrode located below the piston 130 according to the impact applied to the vehicle The predetermined voltage according to the preset voltage profile is applied to 111b.

As described above, the viscosity of the reversibly changing ER fluid is provided at the lower side of the piston 130 and the piston 130, the predetermined voltage of which is a positive electrode by a voltage profile set in advance according to the magnitude of various impact force Particles of the ER fluid applied to the electrode 111b and flowing between the piston head 133 and the electrode 111b form a chain along the electric field (S37-1), and the ER fluid due to the higher yield stress The flow of the is suppressed (S38-2) by absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 100 can buffer the shock applied from the outside.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 of the shock absorber 100, the current set in advance in the coil 113a provided in an annular shape on the inner circumference of the cylinder 110 in accordance with the impact applied to the vehicle A predetermined current is applied according to the profile.

Here, the viscosity of the reversibly changing MR fluid is applied to the coil 113a to which a predetermined current is applied by a current profile set in advance according to various magnitudes of impact force, so that the coil 113a is embedded in the cylinder 110. Particles of the MR fluid flowing between the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the piston head 133 form a chain along the magnetic field (S37-3), and the flow of the MR fluid is suppressed due to the increased yield stress (S37-4). By absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 100 can be shock absorbed from the outside.

17 and 18 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a third embodiment of the shock absorber according to the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid according to the present invention, and FIGS. 19 and 20 are the third embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cylinder of a shock absorber according to an embodiment, FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which a shock absorber according to a third embodiment of the present invention is installed in a bumper of an automobile, and FIG. FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating a shock absorbing method of a shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled, and FIG. 19 illustrates an internal structure of a cylinder of a shock absorber filled with an ER fluid, and FIG. 20 illustrates an MR fluid. It shows the internal structure of the cylinder of the shock absorber is filled.

Referring to FIG. 1, as shown in the drawing, in this embodiment, the shock absorber 1 includes a housing 150 filled with ER / MR fluid therein and an end portion of the housing 150. Is provided in, but consists of a cylinder (110 ') formed of a cylindrical body and the accumulator (160) detachably connected to the end of the cylinder (110').

Here, the housing 150 is preferably formed of a flexible material so that its shape is deformed by an impact applied from the outside, the housing 150 is preferably made of a synthetic resin material or fabric material.

Meanwhile, a plurality of flow passages 117 'are formed in the cylinder 110', one end of each of the flow passages 117 'is addressed to the housing 150, and the other end thereof is the accumulator 160. )

Here, a diaphragm 161 is interposed between the cylinder 110 'and the accumulator 160, and the diaphragm 161 is connected to the accumulator 160. The other end is blocked. That is, the cylinder 110 ′ interposed between the housing 150 and the accumulator 160 has a plurality of flow passages 117 ′ formed therein, and one side of the cylinder 110 ′ is disposed in the housing 110. Speaked to 150, the other side is abutted against the diaphragm 161.

For this reason, each flow path 117 'of the cylinder 110' is used as a flow path 117 'for the flow of the ER / MR fluid filled in the housing 150.

In addition, a safety pin 144 is provided at an outer circumferential position of the cylinder 110 ', and the safety pin 144 is coupled to the cylinder 110' when an external shock is higher than a predetermined reference shock value. As it is released, the accumulator 160 is connected to the end of the cylinder 110 '.

Here, when the shock value applied to the shock absorber 1 is lower than the reference shock value, the safety pin 144 provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder 110 'is not released, thereby accumulating the accumulator ( 160 is maintained connected to the end of the cylinder (110 ').

In the present embodiment, only the shock absorber 1 is shown installed in the vehicle, but the shock buffer 1 further includes the safety pneumatic device as described above. Or it is preferably made to transmit to a separate control and to thereby apply a voltage / current according to the voltage / current profile to the shock absorber (1).

On the other hand, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing 150, the + electrode 111a is provided in the longitudinal position of the cylinder 110 ', the + electrode 111a penetrates through the flow path 117'. And the cylinder 110 'is made of-electrode. That is, the + electrode 111a is installed in the horizontal direction in the longitudinal outer periphery of the cylinder 110 ', but one end of the + electrode 111a is installed penetrating inward from the outer periphery of the cylinder 110'. And a predetermined portion is exposed through the flow path 117 'formed in the cylinder 110', and the inner circumference of the cylinder 110 ', that is, each flow path 117' is composed of -electrode.

In this case, when the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150, the coils 113a are respectively provided in the longitudinal positions of the respective flow paths 117 ′ formed through the cylinder 110 ′. That is, coils 113a for generating a magnetic field are embedded in the plurality of flow paths 117 'in the inner circumferential position formed through the cylinder 110'.

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described.

When an impact is applied to the bumper of the vehicle (S41), the safety pin 144 provided in place of the cylinder 110 ′ is released by an impact applied to the housing 150 through the shock absorbing member 5 (S42).

As described above, when the safety pin 144 provided in the cylinder 110 'is released, the control unit or the microcomputer applies a predetermined voltage or current to the cylinder 110' (S43).

When the safety pin 144 provided in the cylinder 110 ′ of the safety pneumatic device 200 is released in this way, the controller or micom recognizes that a shock higher than a preset shock is applied to the preset voltage / current profile. Accordingly, voltage / current is applied to the cylinder 110 ′ to generate an electric field / magnetic field (S44).

On the other hand, the accumulator 160 is connected to the cylinder 110 'by the release of the safety pin 144 (S45), the ER fluid by the impact applied from the outside of the cylinder 110' It flows through the flow path 117 '(S46), the state is reversibly changed by the electric field / magnetic field applied inside the cylinder (110') (S47) flow is suppressed and discharged to the outside of the cylinder (110 '). (S48).

Here, the diaphragm 161 which is interposed between the cylinder 110 'and the accumulator 160 by the flow of the ER / MR fluid and closes each flow path 117' of the cylinder 110 'is ruptured or The ER fluid filled in the housing 150 due to the rupture of the diaphragm 161 is separated (S45-1) and is external to the cylinder 110 ′ through the respective flow paths 117 ′ of the cylinder 110 ′. To be discharged.

On the other hand, when the impact value applied to the bumper is lower than the reference shock value is input, the shock absorber 1 does not operate due to the elastic force of the accumulator 160 of the shock absorber 1.

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110 'of the shock absorber 1, a cylinder comprising a + electrode 111a and a − electrode installed in the cylinder 110' according to an impact applied to the vehicle. Predetermined voltage according to the preset voltage profile is applied to 110 '.

In addition, a flow path 117 'consisting of a + electrode 111a and a + electrode 111a and a -electrode penetrated through the cylinder 110' formed of the + electrode 111a and the-electrode by an impact applied from the outside. ER fluid flowing in the form of a chain by the electric field is formed in accordance with the applied voltage (S46-1), the ER fluid is increased in viscosity and yield stress by the electric field is the flow is suppressed while each flow path (117 ') It is discharged to the outside through (S46-2) buffers the external shock applied through the housing 150.

The viscosity of the ER fluid, which is reversibly changed, is determined by a voltage profile preset according to various magnitudes of impact force, through a flow path 117 'of a cylinder 110' having a positive electrode having a positive electrode 111a and a negative electrode. Particles of the flowing ER fluid form a chain along the electric field and can absorb the impact applied from the outside by absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 1 by interrupting the flow of the ER fluid due to the higher yield stress. have.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 of the shock absorber 1, in advance in the coil 113a embedded in each flow path 117 'of the cylinder 110' according to the impact applied to the vehicle. A predetermined current is applied according to the set current profile.

In addition, the MR fluid flowing through each of the flow paths 117 'of the cylinder 110' in which the coil 113a is embedded by an impact applied from the outside forms a chain shape by an applied magnetic field (S46-3). In addition, the MR fluid having high viscosity and yield stress due to the magnetic field is discharged to the outside through each flow path 117 ′ while the flow is suppressed (S46-4) to cushion the external shock applied through the housing 150.

Here, the reversibly varying viscosity of the MR fluid particles of the MR fluid flowing through the flow path 117 'of the cylinder 110' in which the coil 113a is buried by a current profile set in advance according to various magnitudes of impact force. These can form a chain shape along the electric field, and the shock applied to the outside can be buffered by absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 1 by interrupting the flow of the MR fluid due to the increased yield stress.

23 and 24 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a fourth embodiment of a shock absorber according to a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present invention, and FIG. 25 is a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. Is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a shock absorber according to the present invention installed on a bumper of a vehicle, and FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid according to the present embodiment. 23 shows a buffer filled with ER fluid, and FIG. 24 shows a buffer filled with MR fluid.

Referring to FIG. 1, as shown in the drawing, in the present embodiment, the shock absorbing device 1 is a plate-shaped body, and formed to be bent at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction to cushion an external shock applied thereto. It is composed of a plurality of buffer members 170 formed in the form of a leaf spring, each of the buffer members 170 is filled with ER / MR fluid.

 On the other hand, the buffer member 170 is installed in a plurality of stacked spaced apart in the bumper of the vehicle, each buffer member 170 is fixed by a fixing member 171 is provided at its center.

In the present embodiment, only the shock absorber 1 is shown installed in the vehicle, but the shock buffer 1 further includes the safety pneumatic device as described above. Or it is preferably made to transmit to a separate control and to thereby apply a voltage / current according to the voltage / current profile to the shock absorber (1).

Here, when the ER fluid is filled in the shock absorbing member 170 of the shock absorber 1, the upper surface of the shock absorbing member 170 is made of a + electrode (111a), the buffer member 170 Each side consists of-electrode 111b. That is, when ER fluid is filled in each of the buffer members 170, the upper surface and each side surface of the buffer member 170 in order to reversibly change the state by applying an electric field to the ER fluid + It consists of an electrode 111a and an electrode 111b.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the shock absorbing member 170 of the shock absorber 1, the coil 113a is embedded in each side of the shock absorbing member 170. That is, when the MR fluid is filled in the shock absorbing member 170, the coil 113a is provided at the center of the inner surface of the shock absorber 1 in order to apply a magnetic field to the MR fluid and reversibly change its state. This is buried.

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described.

When the shock is applied to the bumper of the vehicle (S51), the applied shock is applied to the shock absorbing member 170 which is close to the shock absorbing member 5 among the shock absorbing members 170 through the shock absorbing member 5 ( S52), the remaining shock absorbing members 170 in close proximity to the shock absorbing member 170 are sequentially deformed by the applied shock (S53).

On the other hand, if the applied shock is a shock higher than the set reference shock, according to the shock value, the control unit or the microcomputer according to the voltage / current profile the upper surface of each buffer member 170 consisting of the + electrode 111a and-electrode 111b A predetermined voltage / current is applied to the side of each buffer member 170 and the coil 113a embedded in the inner surface of each buffer member 170 (S54), and the buffer member is applied by the applied voltage / current. An electric field / magnetic field is generated inside (S55).

Here, when a shock lower than the reference shock value is input to the bumper of the vehicle, the shock absorber 1 including the plurality of shock absorbing members 170 does not operate. When the shock higher than the reference shock value is applied, the shock absorbing member 5 is applied. The shock is applied to the shock absorbing member 170 of the shock absorbing member 170 of the shock absorbing device 1 in close proximity to the shock absorbing member 5 and deformed, and the rest of the shock absorbing member 170 is close to the shock absorbing member 170. The buffer members 170 are sequentially deformed.

Then, the state of the ER / MR fluid flowing inside each of the buffer members 170 is reversibly changed by the electric field / magnetic field (S56), and the flow of the ER / MR fluid that is reversibly changed is suppressed (S57).

On the other hand, when the ER fluid is filled in the shock absorber 1, the upper surface of each buffer member 170 made of + electrode 111a and-electrode 111b in accordance with the impact applied to the vehicle A predetermined voltage is applied to a side surface of each buffer member 170 according to a preset voltage profile.

In addition, the ER fluid flowing through the upper surface of the buffer member 170 made of the + electrode 111a and each side surface of the buffer member 170 made of the -electrode 111b by an impact applied from the outside is applied to the applied voltage. Chain shape is formed by the electric field formed according to (S56-1), the ER fluid viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field is suppressed the deformation, that is, bending of each buffer member 170 while the flow is suppressed (S56-2) The shock applied from the outside can be buffered by absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber 1.

The reversibly varying viscosity of the ER fluid consists of the upper surface of the buffer member 170 and the electrode 111b of which the predetermined voltage is the positive electrode 111a by a voltage profile preset in accordance with various magnitudes of impact force. It is made adjustable by being applied to each side of the buffer member (170).

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the shock absorber 1, the predetermined according to the preset current profile in the coil 113a embedded in the inner surface of each buffer member 170 in accordance with the impact applied to the vehicle Current is applied.

In addition, the MR fluid flowing around the coil 113a embedded in the inner surface of each buffer member 170 by an impact applied from the outside forms a chain shape by a magnetic field formed according to the applied current (S56-). 3), the MR fluid is increased in viscosity and yield stress by the magnetic field to suppress the deformation, that is, bending of each buffer member 170 while the flow is suppressed (S56-4) by absorbing the impact force transmitted to the shock absorber (1) The shock applied from the outside can be buffered.

The reversibly varying viscosity of the MR fluid can be adjusted by applying a predetermined current to the coil 113a embedded in the inner surface of each of the buffer members 170 by a current profile set in advance for various magnitudes of impact force. .

27 is a perspective view schematically showing a fifth embodiment of the shock absorber according to the bumper shock absorber of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present invention, and FIG. 28 is a fifth embodiment according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a shock absorber installed in a bumper of a vehicle, and FIG. 29 is a flowchart illustrating a shock buffering method of a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle in which an ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1, as shown in the drawing, in the present embodiment, the shock absorber 100 includes an upper plate 173 and a lower plate 174, and the upper plate 173 and the lower plate ( 174) is interspersed with a bellows shaped housing 150 'filled with an ER / MR fluid therein.

In addition, a valve 180 through which a plurality of flow paths 181 are formed is provided on the other side of the lower plate 174, and each flow path 181 is spoken to a bellows-shaped housing 150 ′.

On the other hand, the diaphragm 161 is preferably provided on one side of the valve 180. That is, the ER / MR fluid filled in the housing 150 ′ is ruptured on one side of the valve 180 such that the ER / MR fluid is discharged through each flow path 181 of the valve 180 only when an impact is applied from the outside. Or it is also preferably provided with a diaphragm 161 that is removable.

In this case, when the ER fluid is filled in the housing 150 'formed in a bellows shape, a + electrode (not shown) is provided at an inner position of the housing 150', and the housing 150 'is formed of a-electrode. . That is, when ER fluid is filled in the housing 150 ′ formed in a bellows shape, the housing 150 may be used to form an electric field for reversibly changing the state of the ER fluid in order to cushion an externally applied shock. ') + Electrode is provided in place, the housing 150' is made of-electrode.

On the other hand, when the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 'formed in the bellows shape, the coil 113a is provided in the circumferential direction on the inner circumference of the housing 150'. That is, when MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 ′ which is formed in a bellows shape, the housing may be formed to form a magnetic field for reversibly changing the state of the MR fluid to buffer an externally applied shock. Coil 113a is embedded in the circumferential direction at the inner circumferential edge of 150 ').

On the other hand, when the shock absorber 100 is installed in the bumper of the vehicle is formed in a cylindrical body in place of the shock absorber 100, having a nitrogen gas 230 therein, is formed in a disk-shaped body at the bottom The copper plate 210 is provided, and the safety pneumatic device 200 is formed on the upper portion of the pressing member 220 to be introduced into a predetermined portion.

Here, the safety pneumatic device 200 is electrically connected to the shock absorber 100, the driving device when the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 is higher than the predetermined reference shock value and at the same time the shock absorber Drive (100).

Hereinafter, the operation of the bumper shock absorber of the vehicle in which the ER / MR fluid is filled according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, when an impact is applied to the bumper of the vehicle (S61), the transmitted shock is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S62), and thus the safety pneumatic device 200 is ruptured by pressurization (S63).

The shock value resulting from the rupture of the safety pneumatic device 200 is transmitted to the control unit or the microcomputer of the vehicle, and a predetermined voltage / current is applied to the shock absorber 100 by the data according to the transmitted shock value ( S64).

In this case, the control unit or the microcomputer of the vehicle is configured to apply a predetermined voltage / current to the inside of the bellows-shaped housing 150 'according to a preset voltage / current profile (S64-1).

Here, an electric field / magnetic field is generated in the + electrode and the negative electrode and the coil 113a embedded in the inner circumference of the electrode and the housing 150 'provided in the bellows shape by the applied voltage / current ( S65), the housing 150 'is compressed and deformed by the impact applied continuously (S66).

In addition, the ER / MR fluid pressurized according to the deformation of the housing 150 'is reversibly changed by an electric field / magnetic field generated in the housing 150' (S67), and the ER / MR fluid is reversibly changed. While the flow of the gas is suppressed, it is discharged to the outside through each flow path 181 of the valve 180 provided at the end of the housing 150 '(S68).

Here, when ER fluid is filled in the housing 150 ′ of the shock absorber 100, the housing 150 ′ is formed in a bellows shape by data according to an impact value input through the safety pneumatic device 200. A predetermined voltage according to a preset voltage profile is applied to the housing 150 ′ consisting of a + electrode and a-electrode provided in the C).

In addition, the ER fluid flowing in the direction of the lower plate 174 from the inside of the housing 150 'by an impact applied from the outside is composed of a housing 150' including a + electrode and a-electrode provided inside the housing 150 '. The ER fluid is formed by the electric field formed according to the voltage applied to the (S67-1), the viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field is suppressed the deformation of the bellows-shaped housing 150 'while the flow is suppressed By absorbing the impact force transmitted to the housing 150 ′ (S67-2), the impact applied from the outside may be buffered.

The reversibly changing viscosity of the ER fluid is applied to a housing 150 'consisting of a + electrode and a-electrode provided with a predetermined voltage inside the housing 150' by a voltage profile preset for various magnitudes of impact force. Thereby making it adjustable.

On the other hand, when MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 'of the shock absorber 100, the housing 150' is formed in a bellows shape by data according to the shock value input through the safety pneumatic device 200. A predetermined current according to a preset current profile is applied to the coil 113a embedded at the inner circumference of the quadrature.

In addition, the MR fluid flowing around the coil 113a provided at the inner circumference of the housing 150 'by an impact applied from the outside has a chain shape by a magnetic field formed according to a current applied to the coil 113a. It is formed (S67-3), the MR fluid is increased in viscosity and yield stress by the magnetic field is suppressed the deformation of the bellows-shaped housing 150 'while the flow is suppressed (S67-4) is delivered to the housing 150' By absorbing the impact force, the shock applied from the outside can be buffered.

The reversibly varying viscosity of the MR fluid is adjustable by applying a current to the coil 113a embedded in the housing 150 'by a current profile that is preset according to the magnitude of various impact forces.

While the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art are appropriate within the scope described in the claims of the present invention. It will be possible to change.

As described above, the present invention having the configuration as described above is applied from the outside by installing an impact buffer device filled with an ER / MR fluid that can reversibly change its state according to the application of an electric or magnetic field to a bumper of a vehicle. By controlling the intensity of electric or magnetic field according to the impact, the state of the ER / MR fluid can be reversibly changed to adjust the stiffness and damping area according to the various impacts applied to the vehicle and the speed of the vehicle. By effectively absorbing the impact energy generated during the collision of the vehicle, it is possible to minimize the loss of the vehicle body, thereby minimizing the impact of the vehicle to promote the safety of the driver and passengers, and to provide a variety of shock absorbers It can be applied to various vehicles such as commercial vehicles, special vehicles, etc. Not only can be applied to various shock absorbers for the protection of other contents, it can also be used for various packaging.

Claims (68)

In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, As a cylindrical body, the cylinder 110 having a predetermined space therein, the piston 110 is inserted into the cylinder 110, the piston 130 having a piston rod 131 and the piston head 133, and the cylinder 110 A buffer device 100 filled with ER / MR fluid which is filled inside, and whose state reversibly changes according to the application of an electric or magnetic field; And As a cylindrical body, a nitrogen gas 230 is filled therein, and a copper plate 210 formed as a disc-shaped body is provided on an inner lower surface thereof, and a pressing member 220 is installed at an upper portion thereof so that a predetermined portion is inserted therein. Safety pneumatic device 200 is provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the impact value applied from the outside; A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 1, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The electrode member 111 is formed in a cylindrical shape in the lower place inside the cylinder 110, and the + electrode 111a and the -electrode 111b are sequentially spaced at a predetermined interval toward the center thereof, and the electrode members 111 are sequentially arranged. Shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is characterized in that the ER / MR fluid is filled. The method of claim 2, A disk-shaped body in place at the lower surface of the electrode member 111, the discharge hole (112a) is formed through the center, the plurality of auxiliary discharge hole (112b) in the circumferential direction at the edge of the discharge hole (112a) A shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with an ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the electrode jig 112 is formed through. The method of claim 1, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The magnetic pole member 113 is formed in the inner lower side of the cylinder 110, has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 110, and is embedded with a coil 113a formed in an annular shape on the outer circumference thereof. Shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is characterized in that the ER / MR fluid is filled. The method of claim 4, wherein The ER / MR fluid is filled with a magnetic pole jig 114 which is formed in the lower portion of the magnetic pole member 113 as a disc-shaped body, the discharge hole 114a extends in the circumferential direction at the edge thereof. Shock absorbers for bumpers in cars. The method of claim 1, At least one flow path 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110, the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid. The method of claim 1, The lower surface of the cylinder (110) is formed to be open, the shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the rubber membrane 141 of the synthetic resin material is provided to be rupturable. The method of claim 1, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with an ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the piston head 133 is provided with an annular seal 143 made of a synthetic resin material on the outer circumference. A shock absorber (100) consisting of a cylinder (110) and a piston (130) and an ER / MR fluid and an electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113) filled in the cylinder (110); And a safety pneumatic device 200 provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the shock value applied from the outside. In the method for buffering the shock applied to the vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber (1) of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid including a; Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S11); When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact of the shock absorbing member 5 is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S12); Step by which the safety pneumatic device 200 is pressed and ruptured by the applied shock (S13); Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber 100 by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S14); Generating an electric field / magnetic field in the electrode members / stimulating members 111 and 113 provided inside the cylinder 110 by an applied voltage / current (S15); The piston 130 is moved to the inside of the cylinder 110 by the impact applied to pressurize the ER / MR fluid (S16); A step in which the pressurized ER / MR fluid is reversibly changed while passing through the electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113) (S17); And Reversibly changed ER / MR fluid passes through the electrode jig / stimulating jig (112, 114) (S18); The ER / MR fluid passing through the electrode jig / stimulus jig 112 and 114 ruptures the rubber film 141 provided on the lower surface of the cylinder 110 and is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 110 (S19). ; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. The method of claim 9, Pressing the pressing member 220 of the safety pneumatic device 200 by an impact applied from the shock absorbing member 5 (S13-1); A step (S13-2) of compressing the nitrogen gas 230 filled therein by the pressurization of the pressing member 220; And The copper plate 210 ruptured by the compression of the nitrogen gas 230 is broken (S13-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 9, The control unit or the microcomputer applies the voltage / current corresponding to the driving speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle according to the voltage / current profile preset by the electrode member / stimulus members 111 and 113 of the shock absorber 100. Step S14-1; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 9, A step (S16-1) of inflowing outside air by the volume of the piston head 133 through a flow path 117 formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 by the movement of the piston head 133; A step (S16-2) in which the seal 143 provided on the outer circumference thereof is separated by the movement of the outside air and the piston head 133 which are introduced; And Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 9, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, ER fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 is formed through each flow path (111c) formed between the + electrode (111a) and the-electrode (111b) of the electrode member (111). Flowing through (S17-1); Forming a chain shape along the electric field formed between the flowing ER fluid and the + electrode (111a) and the-electrode (111b) (S17-2); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid (S17-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 13, ER fluid having passed through each flow path (111c) of the electrode member 111 flows through the discharge hole (112a) and the auxiliary discharge hole (112b) of the electrode jig 112 provided in the lower portion (S18- One); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 9, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 is between the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member 113, the coil 113a is embedded in the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110. Flowing through (S17-4); Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed by the flowing MR fluid in the coil 113a (S17-5); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid (S17-6); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 15, MR fluid passing through the outer periphery of the magnetic pole member 113 flows through the discharge hole (114a) of the magnetic pole jig 114 provided in the lower portion (S18-2); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, Cylindrical body, the cylinder 110 having a predetermined space therein, and the electrode member / magnetic member is inserted in the cylinder 110, the piston rod 131 and the end of the piston rod 131 ( 111, 113) and a buffer device (100) made of an ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110, the state is reversibly changed in accordance with the application of an electric or magnetic field; And As a cylindrical body, a nitrogen gas 230 is filled therein, and a copper plate 210 formed as a disc-shaped body is provided on an inner lower surface thereof, and a pressing member 220 is installed at an upper portion thereof so that a predetermined portion is inserted therein. Safety pneumatic device 200 is provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the impact value applied from the outside; A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 17, At least one passage 117 is formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110, the shock absorber for a bumper of the vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid The method of claim 17, Shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the guide piece 118 of the shape surrounding the piston rod 131 on the inner periphery of the inlet of the cylinder 110 is formed to project inwardly downwards Device. The method of claim 17, A bumper of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the lower surface of the cylinder 110 is formed to be closed, and a rubber film 141 is formed at the end of the guide piece 118 so as to be rupturable. Shock absorber. The method of claim 17, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The electrode member 111 is a cylindrical body, and the + electrode 111a and the-electrode 111b toward the center of the ER / MR fluid is filled, characterized in that a plurality of sequentially arranged to be spaced apart a predetermined interval. Shock absorber for bumpers. The method of claim 21, A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile in which an ER / MR fluid is filled, characterized in that a seal 143 of a synthetic resin material is provided in the circumferential direction on an outer circumference of the electrode member 111. The method of claim 17, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The piston head 133 is provided at the end of the piston rod 131, wherein the piston head 133 is made of + electrode, the cylinder 110 is made of-electrode is filled with ER / MR fluid Shock absorbers for bumpers in cars. The method of claim 17, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The magnetic pole member 113 is a cylindrical body, the slot-shaped flow path 113b is formed in the circumferential direction at the edge of the center, the slot-shaped auxiliary flow path (115a) in the circumferential direction on the upper surface ER / MR, characterized in that the upper plate 115 is formed through a plurality of spaced apart at a predetermined interval and the lower plate 116 is formed in the lower edge 116 of the slot-shaped auxiliary flow path 116a extending in the circumferential direction Shock-absorbers for bumpers in vehicles filled with fluid. The method of claim 24, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with an ER / MR fluid, characterized in that an annular coil (113a) is embedded in the inner circumference of the flow path (113b) formed in the center of the magnetic pole member (113). The method of claim 24, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that a seal 143 of synthetic resin material is provided in the circumferential direction on the outer circumference of the magnetic pole member 113. The method of claim 17, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The piston head 133 is provided at the end of the piston rod 131, the ER / MR fluid is filled, characterized in that the annular coil 113a is embedded in the outer peripheral center side of the piston head 133 Shock absorbers for bumpers in cars. A shock absorber (100) comprising a piston (130) consisting of a cylinder (110), a piston rod (131), and electrode members / stimulation members (111, 113) and an ER / MR fluid filled in the cylinder (110). ; And a safety pneumatic device 200 provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the shock value applied from the outside. In the method for buffering the shock applied to the vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber (1) of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid including a; Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S21); When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact of the shock absorbing member 5 is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S22); Step by which the safety pneumatic device 200 is pressed and ruptured by the applied shock (S23); Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber 100 by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S24); Generating an electric field / magnetic field in the electrode members / stimulating members 111 and 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 by the applied voltage / current (S25); Pressurizing the ER / MR fluid while the electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113) provided at the end of the piston rod (131) is moved into the cylinder (110) by an impact applied (S26); A step (S27) in which the rubber membrane 141 is ruptured due to the inflow of outside air by the movement of the electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113) provided at the end of the piston rod (131); A step (S28) in which the state of the pressurized ER / MR fluid is reversibly changed while passing through the electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113); And Discharging the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid to the outside through the flow passage 117 formed in the upper surface of the cylinder 110 (S29); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. The method of claim 28, Pressing the pressing member 220 of the safety pneumatic device 200 by an impact applied from the shock absorbing member 5 (S23-1); A step of compressing the nitrogen gas 230 filled therein by the pressurization of the pressing member 220 (S23-2); And The copper plate 210 ruptured by the compression of the nitrogen gas 230 is ruptured (S23-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, The control unit or the microcomputer applies the voltage / current corresponding to the driving speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle according to the voltage / current profile preset by the electrode member / stimulus members 111 and 113 of the shock absorber 100. Step S24-1; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, Step of introducing external air by the volume of the piston head 133 through the flow path 117 formed through the upper surface of the cylinder 110 by the movement of the electrode member / magnetic pole member (111, 113) (S26) -One); A step (S26-2) in which the seal 143 provided on the outer circumference thereof is separated by the movement of the outside air and the electrode member / stimulus member (111, 113) introduced; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, ER fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the electrode member 111 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 is between the + electrode 111a and the − electrode 111b of the electrode member 111. Step (S28-1) flowing upward while passing through each flow path (111c) to be formed through; Forming a chain shape along the electric field formed between the flowing ER fluid and the + electrode (111a) and the-electrode (111b) (S28-2); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid (S28-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, but the piston head 133 is provided at the end of the piston rod 131, ER fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 is a cylinder consisting of the outer periphery of the piston head 133 made of the + electrode and the-electrode ( Flowing upwardly while passing through a predetermined space between the inner circumferences of 110 (S28'-1); Forming a chain form along an electric field formed between the outer circumference of the piston head 133 made of the + electrode and the inner circumference of the cylinder 110 made of the-electrode with the flowing ER fluid (S28'-2); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid (S28'-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, An auxiliary flow path 116a through which the MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the magnetic pole member 113 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 is formed through the lower plate 116 of the magnetic pole member 113. Flowing through the flow path 113b (S28-4); Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil 113a provided at the inner circumference of the flow path 113b of the MR fluid (S28-5); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid flows through the auxiliary flow path (115a) formed through the upper plate 115 (S28-6); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 28, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, but the piston head 133 is provided at the end of the piston rod 131, MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 provided at the end of the piston rod 131 is predetermined between the outer periphery of the piston head 133 and the inner periphery of the cylinder 110. Flowing upwardly through the space (S28 ′-4); Forming a chain shape along a magnetic field formed in the coil 113a in which the flowing MR fluid is embedded at the outer circumference of the piston head 133 (S28'-5); And Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid (S28'-3); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, An upper plate member 135 formed of a disc-shaped body, a connecting member 136 provided on the lower surface of the upper plate member 135, and provided below the connecting member 136, so as to be movable downward A piston 130 having a piston rod 131 and a piston head 133 formed therein, and a cylinder 110 provided below the piston 130 and the inside of the cylinder 110, wherein an electric or magnetic field is applied thereto. Shock absorber 100 made of ER / MR fluid whose state is reversibly changed according to; And As a cylindrical body, a nitrogen gas 230 is filled therein, and a copper plate 210 formed as a disc-shaped body is provided on an inner lower surface thereof, and a pressing member 220 is installed at an upper portion thereof so that a predetermined portion is inserted therein. Safety pneumatic device 200 is provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the impact value applied from the outside; A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 36, When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The piston 130 is made of a + electrode, the lower side of the piston head 133 is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the electrode 111b is formed in a plate-like shape spaced apart a predetermined interval is provided Shock absorbers for bumpers in cars. The method of claim 37, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the diameter of the piston head (133) and the electrode (111b) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder (110). The method of claim 36, When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with an ER / MR fluid, characterized in that an annular coil (113a) is provided in the circumferential direction at the inner circumference of the cylinder (110). The method of claim 39, An ER is formed such that the stepped jaw 119 protrudes inward in the circumferential direction of the inlet side of the cylinder 110. Shock absorbers for bumpers in cars filled with / MR fluid. A piston 130 having an upper plate member 135, a connecting member 136, a piston rod 131, and a piston head 133, a cylinder 110 and a cylinder provided below the piston 130. A buffer device 100 made of ER / MR fluid filled in the 110; And a safety pneumatic device (200) provided in place to operate the shock absorber (100) according to the shock value applied from the outside. In the method for buffering the shock applied to the vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber (1) of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid including a; Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S31); When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact applied to the shock absorbing member 5 is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S32); Step by which the safety pneumatic device 200 is pressed and burst by the applied shock (S33); Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber 100 according to the voltage / current profile by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S34); Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the cylinder 110 by an applied voltage / current (S35); Pressurizing an ER / MR fluid while the piston head 133 moves inside the cylinder 110 by an applied shock (S36); A step (S37) of which the state is reversibly changed by an electric field / magnetic field to which pressurized ER / MR fluid is applied; And Suppressing the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid (S38); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. The method of claim 41, wherein When the ER fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, The ER fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 is chain-shaped along an electric field formed between the piston head 133 made of a + electrode and the electrode 111b provided at a lower side thereof. Forming a step (S37-1); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid (S37-2); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 41, wherein When the MR fluid is filled in the cylinder 110, Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil 113a provided on the inner circumference of the cylinder 110, the MR fluid filled in the cylinder 110 by the pressure of the piston head 133 (S37-3) ); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid (S37-2); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, A housing 150 in which an ER / MR fluid is filled therein; A cylinder (110 ') provided at an end of the housing (150) and formed into a cylindrical body, through which a plurality of flow paths (117') are formed; An accumulator (160) detachably connected to an end of the cylinder (110 '); A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 44, The housing 150 is a shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the shape is made of a flexible material. The method of claim 44, A shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that a diaphragm (161) is formed between the cylinder (110 ') and the accumulator (160). The method of claim 44, The safety pin 144 for controlling the separation of the cylinder 110 'and the accumulator 160 is provided at the outer periphery of the cylinder (110') of the vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid Shock absorber for bumpers. The method of claim 44, When the ER fluid is filled in the housing 150, The + electrode 111a is installed in the horizontal direction at the outer peripheral position of the cylinder 110 'in the horizontal direction. The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the inner periphery of the flow path (117 ') of the cylinder (110') consists of-electrodes. The method of claim 44, When the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150, The shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the coil (113a) is embedded in the longitudinally inner peripheral position of each flow path (117 ') formed in the cylinder (110'). A housing 150 filled with ER / MR fluid, a cylinder 110 'through which a plurality of flow paths 117' are formed, and an accumulator detachably connected to the cylinder 110 '. ER having a diaphragm 161 interposed between the cylinder 110 'and the accumulator 160, and a safety pin 144 provided at an outer circumference of the cylinder 110'. In a method for cushioning a shock applied to a vehicle by installing a shock absorber 1 for a bumper of a vehicle filled with / MR fluid in a bumper cover 3 of a vehicle, Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S41); When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the safety pin 144 is released by an impact applied to the housing 150 through the shock absorbing member 5 (S42); The control pin or the microcomputer applying the voltage / current to the cylinder 110 'according to the voltage / current profile according to the shock value applied to the housing 150 while the safety pin 144 is released (S43); Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the cylinder 110 'by an applied voltage / current (S44); Separating the accumulator 160 connected to the cylinder 110 'according to the release of the safety pin 144 (S45); ER / MR fluid filled therein by an impact applied to the housing 150 flows through the flow passage 117 'of the cylinder 110' (S46); A step (S47) of which the state is reversibly changed by an electric field / magnetic field to which an ER / MR fluid flowing through the flow path 117 'is applied; And Discharging the ER / MR fluid that has been reversibly changed while being discharged to the outside (S48); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. 51. The method of claim 50, Releasing or separating the diaphragm 161 interposed between the cylinder 110 'and the accumulator 160 when the accumulator 160 is separated (S45-1); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. 51. The method of claim 50, When the ER fluid is filled in the housing 150, The ER fluid flowing through each of the flow paths 117 'is chained along the electric field formed in the flow path 117' consisting of the + electrode 111a and the − electrode penetrating inward from the outer periphery of the cylinder 110 '. Forming a shape (S46-1); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the flow of the ER fluid is discharged to the outside through each flow path (117 ') (S46-2); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. 51. The method of claim 50, When the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150, Forming a chain form along the magnetic field formed in each coil 113a embedded in the inner circumference of each of the flow path 117 'of the cylinder 110' flows through the respective flow paths (117 ') (S46) -3); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the flow of the MR fluid is discharged to the outside through each flow path (117 ') (S46-4); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, As a plate-shaped body, the ER / MR fluid is filled therein, a plurality of shock absorbing members 170 to be bent at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction to form a plate spring; And A fixing member 171 provided at a central portion thereof to fix each of the buffer members 170; A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 54, When the ER fluid is filled in the buffer member 170, The bumper of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the upper surface of the buffer member 170 is made of + electrode 111a, and each side of the buffer member 170 is made of-electrode 111b. Shock absorber. The method of claim 54, When the MR fluid is filled in the buffer member 170, The shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the coil (113a) is embedded in each side of the interior of the buffer member (170). A plate-shaped body, which is filled with ER / MR fluid therein, is bent at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction to form a plurality of shock absorbing members 170 to form a leaf spring, and to fix the respective shock absorbing members 170 A fixing member 171 provided at a central portion thereof; In the method for buffering the shock applied to the vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber (1) of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid including a; Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S51); Applying an impact applied to the shock absorbing member (170) close to the shock absorbing member (5) of the shock absorbing member (170) through the shock absorbing member (S52); A step (S53) of sequentially deforming the remaining shock absorbing members 170 close to the shock absorbing member 170 by an applied shock; When the applied shock is a higher impact than the set reference shock, the control unit or the microcomputer applies a voltage / current to the buffer member 170 according to the voltage / current profile according to the shock value (S54); Generating an electric field / magnetic field inside the buffer member 170 by the applied voltage / current (S55); A step (S56) of which the state is reversibly changed by an electric field / magnetic field to which an ER / MR fluid flowing through each of the buffer members 170 is applied; And Inhibiting the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid (S57); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. The method of claim 57, When the ER fluid is filled in the buffer member 170, Forming a chain form along the electric field formed between the upper surface consisting of the + electrode (111a) and each side consisting of the-electrode (111b) ER fluid flowing in the buffer member 170 (S56-1) ); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the electric field to suppress the deformation of the buffer member 170 while the flow of the ER fluid is suppressed (S56-2); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. The method of claim 57, When the MR fluid is filled in the buffer member 170, Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil 113a in which the MR fluid flowing in the buffer member 170 is buried in the inner surface of the buffer member 170 (S56-3); Viscosity and yield stress is increased by the magnetic field to suppress the deformation of the MR member while suppressing the flow of the MR fluid (S56-4); Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. In the shock absorber for bumpers of automobiles, The upper plate 173 and the lower plate 174, which is formed to be shrinkable between the upper plate 173 and the lower plate 174, the bellows-shaped housing 150 'is filled with ER / MR fluid therein A shock absorber (100) having a valve (180) interposed therebetween and having a plurality of flow paths (181) formed therein on the other side of the lower plate (174); And As a cylindrical body, a nitrogen gas 230 is filled therein, and a copper plate 210 formed as a disc-shaped body is provided on an inner lower surface thereof, and a pressing member 220 is installed at an upper portion thereof so that a predetermined portion is inserted therein. Safety pneumatic device 200 is provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the impact value applied from the outside; A shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile, wherein the ER / MR fluid is filled, wherein the shock absorber is configured to absorb a shock applied to the automobile, the insulator being provided in the bumper cover of the automobile. The method of claim 60, The shock absorber for a bumper of an automobile filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that each of the flow passages 181 penetrating into the valve 180 is addressed to one side of the housing 150 '. The method of claim 60, A shock absorber for an automobile bumper filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that a diaphragm (161) is formed in a disc shape on one side of the valve (180). The method of claim 60, When ER fluid is filled in the housing 150 ', The shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the + electrode is provided in the inner place of the housing (150 '), the housing (150') is made of-electrode. The method of claim 60, When the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 ', The shock absorber for a bumper of a vehicle filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that the coil (113a) is embedded in the circumferential direction in the inner circumferential position of the housing (150 '). The upper plate 173 and the lower plate 174, the upper plate 173 and the lower plate 174 is inserted into the bellows-shaped housing 150 'filled with ER / MR fluid, the lower plate 174 A shock absorber 100 having a valve 180 through which a plurality of flow paths 181 are formed; And a safety pneumatic device 200 provided in place to operate the shock absorber 100 according to the shock value applied from the outside. In the method for buffering the shock applied to the vehicle by installing a bumper shock absorber (1) of the vehicle filled with the ER / MR fluid including a; Applying an impact to the bumper of the vehicle (S61); When the applied shock is a predetermined reference high impact impact, the impact applied to the shock absorbing member 5 is applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S62); Step by which the safety pneumatic device 200 is pressed and ruptured by the applied shock (S63); Applying a voltage / current to the shock absorber 100 by the controller or the microcomputer according to the shock value applied to the safety pneumatic device 200 (S64); Generating an electric / magnetic field in the housing 150 'of the shock absorber 100 by the applied voltage / current (S65); The housing 150 'is compressed and deformed by an applied shock (S66); A step (S67) in which the state of the ER / MR fluid pressurized by the deformation of the housing 150 'is changed reversibly by an electric / magnetic field generated in the housing 150'; And Step (S68) is discharged to the outside through the flow path 181 of the valve 180 while the flow of the reversibly changed ER / MR fluid is suppressed; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid comprising a. 66. The method of claim 65, The control unit or the microcomputer applies the voltage / current corresponding to the driving speed of the vehicle and the impact applied to the vehicle according to the voltage / current profile preset by the electrode member / stimulus members 111 and 113 of the shock absorber 100. Step S64-1; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. 66. The method of claim 65, When ER fluid is filled in the housing 150 ', Forming a chain form along the electric field formed between the + electrode and the negative electrode provided in the housing 150 'and the ER fluid flowing inside the housing 150' (150) -One); A step (S67-2) in which the ER fluid suppresses deformation of the housing (150 ') by increasing its viscosity and yield stress due to an electric field to suppress its flow; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises. 66. The method of claim 65, When the MR fluid is filled in the housing 150 ', Forming a chain shape along the magnetic field formed in the coil (113a) circumferentially embedded in the housing (150 ') inner circumference of the MR fluid flowing inside the housing (150') (S67-3); A step (S67-4) in which the MR fluid suppresses deformation of the housing (150 ') by increasing its viscosity and yield stress due to a magnetic field to suppress its flow; Shock buffering method according to the shock absorber for the bumper of the vehicle is filled with ER / MR fluid, characterized in that further comprises.

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