KR100672793B1 - Post-shaped element for determining spatial position, especially of an implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention allows the receiving section 26A to be inserted into and secured in a suitable receiving recess 10 of the implant 1 and to be removed therefrom, where the collar section 26K is received in the engaged position. A post-shaped element for setting the spatial position of the implant 1, which projects beyond the open cross section of the recess 10. In order that the post-shaped element embedded in the impression material can be easily removed even when the implant 1 is in an inclined position, the post-shaped element 24 can be fixed in the receiving recess 10 without being twisted. ) And an upper portion 25 which can be inserted into the lower portion 24 untwisted or can be overlaid on the lower portion 24, the upper portion 25 being a starting point of the coupling position of the post-shaped element. Measured so that it can be removed straight from the lower part 24 in the direction.

Description

POST-SHAPED ELEMENT FOR DETERMINING SPATIAL POSITION, ESPECIALLY OF AN IMPLANT}

The present invention is a post-shaped element for establishing a spatial position with respect to the surrounding tissue structure of an implant or an open cross section of an artificial cavity located within a tooth or supporting tissue of a human or animal body, the post-shaped element being received The section can be inserted into a suitable receiving recess or artificial cavity of the implant and can be positioned fixed therein and removed again from it, in which the collar section is open cross section of the receiving recess or artificial cavity It relates to a post-shaped element protruding beyond.

In the field of dentistry such a post-shaped element is called an impression post, by which, for example, the position and orientation of the dental implant previously introduced into the jawbone is determined. For that purpose, the post-shaped element is inserted into the hole of the implant which functions as an accommodating recess by means of its lower part formed as an accommodating section, in which it is fixed in a screw pocket hole inside the implant, for example by an axial straight screw. The collar section protruding beyond the open cross section of the implant at such a mating position of the post-shaped element typically has a plurality of retainers to achieve as close a shape bond as possible between the collar section and the hardenable impression material. do.

With the help of an impression tray, the space around the impression post and the teeth adjacent to it is filled by an impression material which can be initially plastically molded, whereby the tooth and the impression post Is coped in negative form.

The impression tray has a recess in the area assigned to the proximal end of the collar section of the impression post so that after the hardening of the impression material the screw that secures the impression material can be turned back. By releasing the fixation of the post-shaped element to the implant again, the post-shaped element embedded in the impression material in the form binding can be removed from the jaw together with the impression material.

In that regard, in such known post-shaped elements the direction in which the impression posts can be pulled out with the hardened impression material when the longitudinal axis of the implant or artificial cavity is in an inclined position can remove the receiving section from the receiving recess. The disadvantage is that it does not coincide with the longitudinal axis of the impression post, which is the only direction. In such an inclined position, the removal of the impression material and the post-shaped element can be realized only by utilizing the elasticity of the impression material. In this case, when the post-type element is largely deviated from the position occupied when making the impression, There is a risk of plastic deformation, ie the position of the impression posts in the impression material being distorted.

An object of the present invention is to provide a post-type for setting the spatial position of an implant so that it is possible to simply remove the post-type element without distorting the impression quality even when the implant is in a greatly inclined position relative to adjacent teeth or tissue structures. To provide an element.

Such an object starts with a post-shaped element of the type presupposed at the outset, and according to the invention the post-shaped element can be inserted into or untwisted into the lower part and the lower part where it can be positioned fixed in the receiving recess or artificial cavity. It consists of an upper part which can be overlaid, but is achieved by allowing the upper part to be removed straight from the lower part in several directions, starting from the joining position of the post-shaped element.

The lower part is supported on the inner epidermal surface of the receiving recess, which is typically formed in a cylindrical or slightly conical shape, and can be removed from the implant in substantially one direction only, but the separation plane between the lower part and the upper part is deemed suitable, eg up to 30 °. It can be formed so that the top can be removed linearly from the bottom in any direction within the angle range of. The freedom of choice of orientation in the separation of the upper and lower parts is simple without the need for the part of the post-like element embedded in the impression material to utilize the uncertain elastic properties of the impression material, even if the implant or artificial cavity is in a greatly inclined position relative to the surrounding body structure. To ensure that it can be removed. According to the present invention, the reliability in determining the quality of the impression and the orientation of the implant can be significantly improved.

The lower part preferably has a conical, truncated conical, pyramidal, or truncated pyramidal recess into which complementary upper distal end sections can be inserted. Thereby, freedom of choice of removal direction is ensured within each cone angle or pyramid angle, while providing reliable contact between the top and bottom in the engaged position.

Optionally, it is an object of the present invention, starting from a post-shaped element of the type presupposed to the beginning, wherein the collar section is brought into contact with the proximal end face of the implant of the tooth or support tissue by the contact surface, and the receiving section is at least at its borderline in the engaged position. It has a base cross section that partially coincides with the boundary of the open cross section of the receiving recess, and from the base cross section such that the post-shaped element can be removed linearly from the implant, tooth, or support tissue in several directions starting from the joining position. It is also achieved by allowing them to be tapered towards the distal end.

In such a type of post-shaped element the receiving section is engaged in an implant or artificial cavity such that not only the twisting but also the movement of the post-type element at the joining position of the post-type element is prevented. However, the post-shaped element can be removed linearly from the implant, tooth or support tissue in many directions, in particular from the joining position, so that the impression is simple and does not cause distortion even when the longitudinal axis of the implant or cavity is in an inclined position. It is possible, and preferable to be able to manufacture. The post-shaped element according to the invention is integrally formed, thereby making it inexpensive to manufacture as well as simplifying assembly and removal.

According to another configuration of the invention, the bottom of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid, or truncated pyramid is arranged to be arranged in the same plane as the open cross section of the receiving recess.

If the bases of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid and truncated pyramid are congruent with the open cross section of the receiving recess, the optimal fixation of the post-shaped element at the joining position is ensured, so that the post-shaped element is immediately oriented when viewed by the impression material. It cannot be moved from the position.

The proper occupancy of the post-shaped element can be controlled simply by bringing the top into contact with its proximal end face of the implant by the contact surface in the engaged position. This not only prevents inadvertent release during the shaping process but also increases the stability of the bond.

When the opening angle of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid, or truncated pyramid is between 5 ° and 20 °, it is ensured that the bone is cut without distortion in most of the inclined positions actually occurring.

A method which allows the lower part to be very advantageously fixed in the implant and can be simply removed again can be contoured to the recess in the inner skin surface of the receiving recess by means of a radially outwardly projecting projection. At least one clip element at its distal end.

If the post-shaped element is centered and provided with a straight through hole for passing the rod element, on the one hand the fixation of the post-shaped element is improved during fabrication of the impression. On the other hand, however, it is also possible to control the correct position of the post-shaped element relative to the implant or tooth by means of the rod element before starting to produce the impression.

If the post-shaped element can be temporarily glued to the proximal end face of the implant, tooth, or support tissue by the contact surface of the collar section, it is improved to prevent the post-shaped element from inadvertently being transferred during the making of the impression. Can be.

Finally, according to another configuration of the present invention, the post-shaped element is an impression post for setting the spatial position of the dental implant.

Hereinafter, the post-shaped element according to the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. Among the accompanying drawings,

1 is a cross sectional view of an implant with the closure cap clipped;

2 is a top view of the closure cap;

3 is a plan view of the implant after the closure cap is removed;

4 is a cross-sectional view along line IV-IV of the implant according to FIG. 1;

5 is a cross sectional view along line V-V of the implant according to FIG. 1;

6 is a partially enlarged view of the engagement zone of the clip element;

7 is a cross-sectional view of an implant with the impression post clipped;

7a is a plan view of the top of the impression post according to FIG. 7;

8 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative implant in which the impression post has a rod element;

FIG. 9 is similar to FIG. 8 but with a cross-sectional view of an experimental implant.

1 to 5, a titanium implant 1 can be seen in which the basic shape is approximately conical and has an external thread 2 on its outer skin surface. Such an implant 1 has a proximal end 4 formed by a rounded distal end 3 and an approximately annular end face 5. The implant 1 has a cylindrical shape with a high gloss polished epidermal surface 7 in a section 6 adjacent the end face 5. In the subsequent threaded section 8, the implant 1 is formed conical. Starting from the end face 5, the receiving recess 10 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 9 of the implant 1, the receiving recess 10 extending the full length of the section 6 and the threaded section ( Extends over the length of a portion of 8).

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the cross section of the receiving recess 10 in the region of the section 6 consistently takes the form of a chamfered rectangle. The cross section of the receiving recess 10 is continuously tapered starting from the threaded section 8 so that the bottom 11 of the recess 10 shows a square with a chamfered cross section (see FIG. 5). The transition from the chamfered rectangular cross sectional shape to the chamfered square cross sectional shape is continuous and not abrupt.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, the wall 12 of the receiving recess 10 has a plurality of annular grooves 13 oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 9. The wall 12 also has upper and lower annular grooves 14o, 14u, the function of which will be described later.

The implant 1 shown in FIG. 1 is inserted with a closing cap 15 consisting of a generally cylindrical head 16 and a coupling pin 17 oriented coaxially with and extending into the receiving recess 10. . The contact surface 18 of the head portion 16 is in contact with the end surface 5 of the implant 1 in the form of frictional engagement.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the engagement pin 17 exhibits an approximately rectangular cross section in the upper section, the corner area of which the engagement pin 17 and the receiving lid in the chamfered area of the cross section of the receiving recess 10. Four exhaust channels 19a are cut between the walls 12 of the recess 10. Thus, when the engagement pin 17 is inserted into the receiving recess 10, air can be pushed out and taken out upward without pressure formation that interferes with the assembly process, and the air is pushed out of the end face 5 of the implant. It can be provided to the outside through the four exhaust grooves (19b) extending radially outward.

In the state where the closing cap 15 is assembled, the outer skin surface of the coupling pin 17 and the wall 12 and the end surface 5 and the contact surface 18 of the receiving recess 10 are brought into contact with each other by frictional engagement.

The closure cap 15 stays in the implant 1 only temporarily after implantation, so it is only engaged with the implant 1 by four clip elements 20 which engage the annular groove 14o. Instead of engaging the clip element 20 with the upper annular groove 14o as shown in FIG. 1, it is also possible to engage the lower groove 14u when the engagement pin 17 is of a corresponding length.

The closing cap 15 has already been inserted into the implant by the manufacturer of the implant 1, on the one hand, after making the corresponding hole in the jawbone, the screw 1 engaging the slit 21 shown in FIG. 2. ) To rotate the Based on the cross section of the engagement pin 17 and the cross section of the receiving recess 10 fitted therein, the torque can be transmitted to the implant 1 via the closing cap 15. After implantation, the closing cap 15 stays in the implant 1 and on the other hand protects the receiving recess 10 from foreign contaminants.

After the implant 1 is inserted into the jawbone, the occlusion is completed after about 3 to 6 months until the mucosa covering the closing cap 15 can be opened again by the second procedure. The closing cap 15 is removed, for which the pliers are engaged with the V-shaped annular groove 22 of the head 16 to gently pull the entire closing cap 15 out of the implant upward along the axial direction. Will be removed. Now, the coupling pin 17 of the so-called gingiva former, which is not shown in the figure, is inserted into the receiving recess 10 of the implant 1. The fixing principle of the gingival former is the same as that in the closing cap.

Impressions of dentures are made to allow the dentures to be anchored to the implant 1 to fit the jawbone model outside the patient's mouth. For that purpose, a post-shaped element in the form of an impression post 23 shown in FIG. 7 is inserted into the receiving recess 10 of the implant 1. Such an impression post 23 consists of a lower part 24 which can be fixed by four clip elements 20 and an upper part 25 which can be inserted into the lower part 24 without twisting. The collar section 26K of the upper part 25 protrudes beyond the open cross section of the receiving recess 10, which collar section 26K itself consists of four cuboid bodies 27.1 to 27.4. The lowest body 27.1 has a conical end section 28 that is elliptical in cross section, the end section 28 engaging a recess 29 formed complementary to the lower part 24 of the impression post 23. All. The lower part 24 is of the same length as the receiving section 26A in the implant 1, and its upper edge ends at the same height as the end face 5 of the implant 1. The recess 29 extends directly from the height of the end face 5 and has an open cross section which is slightly smaller than the open cross section itself of the receiving recess 10 in the implant 1.

As can be seen from the plan view of the upper part of the impression post 23 according to FIG. 7A, the rectangular parallelepiped bodies 27.1 to 27.4 having a rectangular horizontal cross section alternately shift each other by 90 °. That is, they are stacked and arranged in a cross shape.

The lowermost body 27.1 of the top 25 of the impression post 23 is in contact with the end face 5 of the implant 1 by an annular contact surface 30, which brings the impression post 23 into the implant 1. In order to securely secure, the impression post 23 is manufactured by injection molding technology, and then a thin annular adhesive ring 31 is attached to the contact surface 30, which is lightly pulled after the bone is formed. It can then be separated again from the end face 5 of the implant 1.

With the joining position shown in FIG. 7 as a starting point, the top 25 of the impression post 23 is surrounded by an impression material which is fluid and can be cured. After the impression material has cured, the impression post 23 can no longer be removed from the impression material without breaking the bonds by shape binding in the region of the top 25 of the impression post 23. Rather, the impression tray containing the impression material therein is removed together with the impression post 23, in which case the adhesive bond in the form of the adhesive ring 31 is released by lightly pulling it. Based on the conical engagement of an elliptical cross section between the top 25 and the bottom 24 of the impression post 23, the bottom 24 with the top 25 left behind or preferentially behind the implant 1 in several directions. Can be removed linearly). The limitation of the possible direction of movement is due to the epidermal surface of the cone of the end section 28 or complementary recess 29 if the streamlined epidermal surface virtually extends out beyond the end face 5 of the implant 1. Is determined. Based on the special combination of the lower part 24 and the upper part 25, the upper part 25 is stressed even when the longitudinal axis of the implant 1 shows a relatively inclined position compared to the adjacent teeth. Can be removed from the oral cavity without and stressing the impression material. The through hole 24a is located in the lower part 24. By way of example, the forceps forceps or the expansion forceps introduced through the holes 24a, the lower part 24 can later be withdrawn from the implant 1 by light axial forces.

The impression post 23 ′ shown in FIG. 8 differs from the impression post 23 according to FIG. 7 in that it has a straight through opening arranged in the center and a rod element 32 fitted therein is inserted. The rod element 32 extending through all of the bodies 27.1 ′ through 27.4 ′ enters into a suitable pocketed opening 34 whose distal end section 33 is formed in the bottom 35 of the receiving recess 29. The through opening for the rod element 32 also extends through the end section 28 'and the bottom 24' of the cylindrical body 27.1 '.

By such a rod element 32, the correct positioning of the impression post 23 ′ can be controlled on the one hand. That is, for this purpose, when the contact surface 30 of the body 27.1 'is correctly in contact with the end section 5 of the implant 1, for example, it is just concealed in the through opening on the uppermost side of the body 27.4' or through it. One or more markers 32a which are about to enter into the interior are thus controlled if provided in the proximal end section of the rod element 32.

Another advantage of the rod element 32 is believed to be that the impression post 23 ′ thereby obtains greater stability. In particular, it is prevented that the upper portion 25 'of the impression post 23' can be moved relative to the lower portion 24 'in the process of shaping, for example, by the force action of the impression material.

Finally, Fig. 9 also shows how the impression post 23 'is inserted into the experimental implant 1L, after the receiving recess 10 coincides with that of the original implant according to Fig. 8. have. In the view according to FIG. 9, the lower portion 24 ′ of the impression post 23 ′ is not inserted into the receiving recess 10. Rather, in that case the upper portion 25 'of the impression post 23' is lowered to its correct position of engagement where the contact surface 5 is in contact with the end surface 5L of the experimental implant 1L by the end section 28 '. It is held in the main body 27.1 '.

In addition, the rod element 32 enters into the hole 34 'in the bottom 35' of the receiving recess 10 'by its distal end 33'. Thereby, the correct engagement position between the experimental implant 1L and the impression post 23 'is ensured.

Claims (12)

As a post-shaped element for setting the spatial position with respect to the implant 1 or its surrounding tissue structure of the open cross section of the artificial cavity located within the teeth or supporting tissue of the human or animal body, the receiving section 26A of the post-shaped element is It can be inserted into a suitable receiving recess 10 or artificial cavity of the implant 1 and can be fixed in position therein and removed from it again, and the collar section 26K in the engaged position receives the receiving recess 10 ) Or a post-shaped element which projects beyond the open cross section of the artificial cavity, The post-shaped element can be inserted into the recess 24 or the artificial cavity 24 or 24 'which can be fixed in position and to be untwisted into or in the lower 24 or 24'. Consisting of an upper portion 25, 25 ′ which can be overlaid, and the upper portions 25, 25 ′ can be removed linearly from the lower portions 24, 24 ′ in various directions, starting from the joining position of the post-shaped elements. Post-shaped element for setting the spatial position of the implant, characterized in that. The lower part 24, 24 ′ is conical, truncated conical, pyramid, or truncated into which the distal end sections 28, 28 ′ of the upper part 25, 25 ′ formed complementarily can be inserted. Post-shaped element for setting the spatial position of the implant, characterized in that it has a pyramidal recess (29). As a post-shaped element for setting the spatial position with respect to the implant 1 or its surrounding tissue structure of the open cross section of the artificial cavity located within the teeth or supporting tissue of the human or animal body, the receiving section 26A of the post-shaped element is It can be inserted into the receiving recess 10 or the artificial cavity of the implant 1 and can be fixed in position therein and removed from it again, and the collar section 26K in the engaged position receives the receiving recess 10 Or a post-shaped element which projects beyond the open cross section of the artificial cavity, The collar section 26K abuts on the proximal end face 5 of the implant 1 of the tooth or support tissue by the contact surface 30, and the receiving section 26A is at least partially surrounded by the receiving recess in its mating position. A base cross section coinciding with the boundary of the open cross section of 10), wherein the post-shaped element is tapered from its base cross section toward its distal end so that it can be removed linearly from the implant 1 in several directions starting from the engagement position. A post type element for setting the spatial position of an implant. 4. The post-shaped element of claim 3, wherein the receiving section (26A) is in the form of a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid. The post for setting the spatial position of the implant according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the bottom surface of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid, and truncated pyramid is arranged in the same plane as the open cross section of the receiving recess 10. Type elements. The post-shaped element according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the bottom of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid and truncated pyramid is congruent with the open cross section of the receiving recess (10). The post-shaped element according to claim 1, wherein the upper part (25) is in contact with the proximal end face (5) of the implant (1) by the contact surface (30) in the engaged position. 5. The post-shaped element for setting the spatial position of an implant according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the opening angles of the cone, truncated cone, pyramid and truncated pyramid are 5 ° to 20 °. The one or more clip elements (20) according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion (24) is capable of formally engaging a recess in the inner skin surface of the receiving recess (10) by radially outwardly projecting projections. Post at its distal end, wherein the post-shaped element for setting the spatial position of the implant. 5. The post type according to claim 1, wherein the post type element has a straight through hole arranged in the center and through which the rod element 32 passes. 6. Element. 5. The post-type element according to claim 1, wherein the post-shaped element can be temporarily attached to the proximal end of the implant 1 of the tooth or support tissue by the contact surface 30 of the collar section 26K. 6. A post type element for setting the spatial position of an implant. 5. The spatial position of the implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the post-shaped element is impression posts 23, 23 ′ for setting the spatial position of the dental implant 1. Post type elements for

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