KR100665878B1 - Blasting pattern design method designed by most suitable delayed time of electronic detonator for reducing vibration and noise - Google Patents

Abstract

A low-vibration and low-noise blasting pattern design method by means of most suitable delayed time of electronic detonator is provided to increase digging efficiency and breaking grain size by applying most suitable delayed time to the tunnel explosion. A low-vibration and low-noise blasting pattern design method by means of most suitable delayed time of an electronic detonator comprises a step(110) of collecting an explosion vibration wave form through an individual delay time test explosion for each hole of the electronic detonator; a step(120) of analyzing the explosion vibration wave form through the synthesis for each time; a step(130) of deciding the most suitable delayed time having the lowest explosion vibration; and a step(140) of designing an explosion pattern by applying the decided delayed time. The individual delayed time test explosion for each hole is carried on with 200ms to 10000ms delayed time in the step of collecting the explosion vibration wave form.

Description

Blasting pattern design method designed by most suitable delayed time of electronic detonator for reducing vibration and noise}

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for designing a low vibration low noise blasting pattern according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an illustration of the blast pattern for the electron blast capillary individual step test blasting in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 3a (a) is an exemplary diagram in which the blasting vibration waveform measured at the individual step test blast of the electron primer hall according to the present invention in the program, (b) is a text document converted from the stored blasting vibration waveform to ASCII code.

Figure 3b is a schematic diagram showing a process of superimposing the waveform in units of 1ms according to the present invention.

Figure 3c shows a program for synthesizing the blasting vibration waveform in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 4 is an illustration of the blast pattern applied to the optimal primer delay delay primer according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

110: blast vibration waveform collection step through the individual blast test shot

120: Comparative waveform analysis step through super time synthesis

130: determining the optimum delay time

140: Design stage of blast pattern applying optimal delay time

The present invention relates to the determination of the optimum delay time and design of the blast pattern of the electron primer for maximizing the blast efficiency while minimizing the blast vibration when the electron primer is applied to the rock blasting.

The detonation system, which began in 1867 by attaching a conductor to an industrial primer developed by Alfred Nobel, developed in the direction of detonation, stability and precision from the electrical detonator to the invention of a non-electric system. Has been. Especially, in the early 1990s, the electronic detonator developed for the special purpose with the ultra precision parallax by the electronic timer is different from the existing detonation system in the method of granting the step difference precision and the delay time for the step time detonation time. It seems a lot of difference.

The precision of electric and non-electric primers, which are the most common and used in our field today, has reached MS (Milli Second) units, but in today's field, there is a gradual demand for primers with more accurate and precise delay time. I'm doing it. This is because in Korea, the area of land is narrow and the blasting site is being blasted at the basement of the downtown area and the vicinity of the downtown area according to the geographical and geographical conditions, and many complaints are generated from environmental damage such as vibration and noise of the blasting site. . Representative environmental damages include vibration and noise, and one of the direct causes of this is the inaccuracy and lack of precision of primer delay.

Since the delay time of electric and non-electrical primers, which are generally widely used in Korea, ranges from 20 to 25 ms to thousands of ms, the error range is 2ms to hundreds of ms when the precision is set to ± 10%. do. In the case of domestic tunnel sites, blasting is usually carried out by a delayed explosion method. If you detonate it by using a general detonator, it is not possible to properly control vibration and noise pollution due to the error of each primer generated in the same delay. There are a lot of complaints that people complain about. In addition, due to the limited step and delay time, it is difficult to determine the appropriate blasting pattern in the field.

The problem does not end here, and the inaccuracy of primer parallax will have a great impact on the efficiency of construction. For example, in the case of a periphery, please carry out blasting (the method of blasting two or more blasting balls at the same time) by slow blasting (the method of blasting two or more blasting balls in a step by step). The fracture surface is more beautiful than it is and the amount of overcast is shown.

However, due to domestic blasting conditions, vibration and noise may be a problem, so it is not possible to detonate all of the outside holes. However, if a few delays are triggered, the error of the general primer will adversely affect the amount of excavation, the degree of fracture, the damage area, etc., resulting in the increase of additional shotcrete and concrete after blasting, and the damage area of the surrounding rock. Will result in

In order to solve the problems described above, the present invention is capable of delayed initial arrangement in 1ms units for tunnel blasting, and by applying an electromagnetic primer capable of adjusting a step from 0ms to 25,000ms, an optimum delay is achieved in which various ground conditions blasting vibration and noise are most reduced. It aims to implement Choshi.

To this end, a specific object of the present invention is to synthesize the blasting vibration waveform obtained by the test blast of the individual step test of the electron primer through software and then to analyze it to determine the optimal delay time that the blasting vibration is most reduced in the field ground. We propose a method of designing an electron primer blast pattern.

Another object of the present invention is to apply the optimized delay and start using the electron primer to the tunnel blasting to increase the excavation efficiency and crushing degree compared to the existing primer (MS, DS), and maximize the control blasting (Control Blasting) effect Contour Blasting in Tunnel reduces the amount of additional shotcrete and concrete caused by the creation of beautiful fracture surface and reduces the damage area of the surrounding rock.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for designing a low vibration and low noise blasting pattern by determining the optimum delay time of an electron primer, the method comprising: collecting blasting vibration waveforms through test blasting of individual steps of an electron primer; Analyzing the blasting vibration waveform through super time synthesis; Determining an optimum delay time at which the blasting vibration is minimized; Including the step of designing the blast pattern by applying the determined delay time, the individual step test blast in the step of collecting the blasting vibration waveform is characterized by performing with a delay of 200ms ~ 10000ms.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the method for determining the optimum electron detonation delay and the blast pattern design method according to the present invention.

The first step of the present invention is to collect the blasting vibration waveform through the test blast of the individual step test of the electron primer (110), and after performing the individual step blast of the predetermined time delay according to the cardiac method used for tunnel blasting Collected blasting vibration waveforms. At this time, it is preferable to carry out delay time of individual step blasting in the range of 200ms ~ 10000ms, which is slightly different depending on the site ground situation, but if it is less than 200ms, the blasting vibration wave of each part by overlapping residual vibration This is because it is impossible to measure two or more blast holes because the one-time blast measurement time (Trigger time) of some models of blasting vibration measuring instruments currently used in Korea is less than 10000ms. (See FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3A).

The second step of the present invention is the step 120 of analyzing the blasting vibration waveform through ultra-time synthesis, which can reduce the low frequency sound of the blasting vibration by using the interference principle of the synthesized wave by superimposing the measured vibration waves. The detailed process is as follows.

(1) Download the measured value with blasting vibration measuring instrument by Blastware program and convert the vibration waveform into ASCII code and save it as text file. (See Figure 3a (a) and (b).)

(2) Synthesize by overlaying the vibration waveform converted into numerical value on the text file. At this time, the synthesis of wave synthesizes the T (Transverse), V (Vertical), and L (Longitudinal) vibration waveform values measured in 1ms unit in consideration of the fact that the electron primer can give a delay time in 1ms unit. Superimpose and synthesize waveforms. The range of the synthesized waveform is selected by referring to the measured data. Figure 3b is a schematic diagram showing the process of superimposing the waveform in units of 1 ms, and as shown in the figure, the waveform of the blast hole B is superimposed and moved in units of 1 ms to synthesize the waveform. Figure 3c is a program for synthesizing the blasting vibration waveform through the above process.

(3) The value and ms of the point where the peak vector sum (PVS) of the synthesized waveform becomes minimum are obtained.

에 의해 산출된다.At this time,

Calculated by

The third step of the present invention is a step 130 for determining an optimum delay time when the blasting vibration is minimized, and analyzing the synthesized blasting vibration waveform to determine the delay time when the blasting vibration is minimum (see FIG. 1).

The final step of the present invention is to generate a blasting pattern by applying the determined delayed seconds, and when the optimum delayed time is determined by the above, design the blasting pattern by applying the determined delayed seconds. 4)

<Example>

Hereinafter, to carry out the present invention having the above configuration, the comparative test blasting of the general primer and the electron primer was carried out three times in the road tunnel site, six times in Seoksan. In these early tests, the delayed start of the electron primer was calculated and applied as a personal experience referring to the literature.

The present invention was designed to improve the objective and field applicability in determining the delay time of electron primer. To implement this, the cardiac technique uses burn-cut, V-cut, and split-stage blast method (SUPEX-cut). And a comparative blasting was carried out with a general primer. At this time, Burn-cut and V-cut were carried out at small tunnel site, and SUPEX-cut was carried out comparative blasting at railway tunnel site.

When the burn-cut was applied to the heart blast in the comparative blasting, the general primer blasting was performed once, the individual step blasting per hall for synthesizing the wave, and the optimal blasting time for the electron primer was applied. 17 ms.

In addition, when V-cut was applied to the heart blast in the comparative blasting, the general primer blasting was performed once, the individual step blasting of the hall for synthesizing the wave was performed, and the blasting was applied once at the optimal time of the electron primer. The seconds are 11ms.

In addition, when the SUPEX-cut was applied to the heart blast in the comparative blasting, three general primer blastings, three blast individual step blastings for waveform synthesis, and two blastings applied at the optimal delaying time of the electron primer The optimal delay time determined was 13ms.

Application blasting of each general primer and electron primer was measured by comparing the excavation efficiency, H.C.F (half cast factor), crushing degree, blast vibration.

For quantitative comparison, the drilling efficiency was measured by using a tape measure at the mill and the drilling yard.

The H.C.F (half cast factor) measures the perforation traces of the outer periphery observed with the naked eye after blasting and converts them to the ratio of the all-cheon plant. The higher the H.C.F value, the smoother the excavation line is. H.C.F was measured using staff and was calculated by the following equation.

The fracture granularity was taken with a digital camera and then used a program called Split Desktop. The average values measured by the comparative blasting results are as follows.

division Burn-cut Electron primer application effect (%) General Primer Electron primer Excavation efficiency (%) 93.0 95.0 2% increase in digging rate H.C.F (%) 39.2 73.5 47% increase Crushing Particle Size (cm) 6.9 5.5 21% reduction Blasting vibration (cm / sec) 0.32 0.25 22% vibration reduction

division V-cut Electron primer application effect (%) General Primer Electron primer Excavation efficiency (%) 87.0 88.0 1% increase in excavation rate H.C.F (%) 29.4 33.3 12% increase Crushing Particle Size (cm) 8.6 7.0 19% reduction Blasting vibration (cm / sec) 0.70 0.41 41% vibration reduction

division SUPEX-cut Electron primer application effect (%) General Primer Electron primer Excavation efficiency (%) 88.6 94.0 6% increase in excavation rate H.C.F (%) 23.0 27.0 15% up Crushing Particle Size (cm) 16.1 11.5 29% reduction Blasting vibration (cm / sec) 1.04 0.56 46% vibration reduction

The results shown in the table above show that this test was performed under the same conditions of explosives, drilling equipment, workers, etc. in addition to the types of primers. In this case, the effects of excavation efficiency, HCF, crushing particle size, blasting vibration, etc. can be improved.

On the other hand, the present invention described above has been described with respect to specific embodiments, of course, various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is common in the art that various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be evident to those who have knowledge of.

As described above, according to the present invention, by analyzing the blasting vibration waveform measured by the test blast vibration individual site in the field ground to determine the optimum delay time of the electron primer to minimize the blasting vibration and then apply it in the design of the actual blasting pattern Therefore, it is possible to accurately and efficiently design the optimum low vibration low noise blasting pattern according to various site situations.

In addition, the present invention solves the problems of inefficiency and inaccuracy caused by determining the delay time based on the individual empirical factors that the electron primer has mainly referred to the literature, and can effectively apply the variable field situation. .

Claims (3)

In the low vibration low noise blasting pattern design method by determining the optimum delay time of the electron primer, Collecting the blasting vibration waveforms through the test blasting of the individual steps of the electron primers; Analyzing the blasting vibration waveform through super time synthesis; Determining an optimum delay time at which the blasting vibration is minimized; Designing a blasting pattern by applying the determined delay time, The method for designing low vibration and low noise blasting pattern through the determination of the optimum delay time of the electromagnetic primer, characterized in that the individual step test blasting in the step of collecting the blasting vibration waveform is performed with a delay time of 200 ms to 10000 ms. The method of claim 1, The blasting vibration waveform analysis step transmits T (Transverse), V (Vertical), and L (Longitudial) vibration waveform values for each blast hole measured by the blasting vibration measuring instrument to a predetermined program, and converts the vibration waveform into an ASCII code. Saving as a text file; Synthesizing the converted vibration waveform per blast hole on the text file in units of 1 ms; And A method of designing a low vibration low noise blasting pattern through determination of an optimum delay time of an electron primer, comprising calculating a value of a point at which a peak vector sum (PVS) of the synthesized waveform becomes minimum and ms delete

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