KR100654371B1 - High performance measuring methode for theodolite system - Google Patents

Abstract

A high performance measuring method for a theodolite system is provided to satisfy the measurement degree required when a precise industrial structure is assembled and tested. A theodolite includes a telescope unit including an ocular(110) and an object lens(120), a body, and a support(150) including a horizontal adjusting screw(130) and a vertical adjusting screw(140). The horizontal adjusting screw and the vertical adjusting screw regulate the telescope unit horizontally and vertically. In a high perform measuring method for a theodolite system, an environment of a measurement space is prepared in a predetermined luminance range. The horizontal angle and the vertical angle with respect to points of targets are measured and calculated.

Description

High performance measuring methode for theodolite system

1; Drawing for explaining the structure of a general deodorite.

2; Figure for explaining a measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3; Result data of performance measurement according to temperature change measured using deodorite.

4; Result data of performance measurement according to the change of illuminance measured using deodolite.

5; First measurement result data measured using deodorite.

6; Second measurement result data measured using deodorite.

7; Third measurement result data measured using deodorite.

8; Fourth measurement result data measured using deodorite.

9; Fifth measurement result data measured using deodorite.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

110: alternative lens 120: objective lens

140: horizontal coarse screw 140: vertical coarse screw

150: pedestal

The present invention proposes a high-precision measurement method of a deodolite system as a measurement shape technique capable of obtaining a maximum measurement accuracy in a non-contact three-dimensional measurement using a theodolite system.

In general, non-contact three-dimensional precision measurement equipment is used, such as digital theodolite system (laser tracker) and laser photogrammetry (photogrammetry system). It is known that these measuring instruments can be measured with measuring accuracy of up to ± 0.5mm in the measuring range of about 0-100m.

However, at present, installation accuracy of ± 0.5mm is required when assembling satellites or aircraft structures, and thermal deformation within ± 0.2mm is required when developing a communication antenna mounted on a satellite. If the required measurement accuracy exceeds the measurement accuracy of the measurement equipment, it is required to develop new measurement equipment or conduct research to obtain the maximum measurement accuracy of the existing measurement equipment.

As part of conducting these studies, the measurement error factors and measurement procedures of the deodorite system, such as the height of the reference, the collimation distance of the two deodorites, the distance between the deodorite system and the reference, and the deodorization measurement environment, Research has been carried out.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a measurement shape technology capable of obtaining the maximum measurement accuracy in non-contact three-dimensional measurement using the deodolite system.

The high precision measurement method of the deodolite system of the present invention for achieving the above object,

Prepare the environment of the measurement space in the temperature range of 20 ± 2 ℃ and the illuminance range of 300 ± 15Lux, the reference height is 1 ± 0.2m, the two deodolite collimation distance is 3 ~ 4m, and the distance between the deodolite system and the reference It is characterized by calculating the horizontal angle and the vertical angle for each point of the target to be measured with two deodolites positioned to be 3 to 4m.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the measurement results of the present invention.

1 is a view for explaining the structure of a general deodorite, Figure 2 is a view for explaining a measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Theodolit is a digital instrument that measures an angle between horizontal and vertical by embedding an encoder with a resolution of 0.1 "(decimal arc seconds).

The theodolit is a telescope section with an alternative lens (Eyepiece lens) 110 and an objective lens (Lens, 120) as shown in FIG. 1, an adjuster for integrating an encoder and focusing the target. Body section with instrument panel and horizontal pedestal (Horizontal adjusting screw, 130) and vertical adjusting screw (140) for adjusting the telescope 100 horizontally and vertically, respectively. It can be divided into 150 categories.

In addition, the measurement of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, two deodolites were installed at intervals of 3 m, the length standard was set using a 2 m long standard, and between the deodorite and the target bar (Target bar) Four repeated measurements were made for each item at a distance of 5 m, and items with a large difference in measurement error results were remeasured.

Two deodolites measure the horizontal angles α1 and α2 and the vertical angles β1 and β2 with respect to the target, respectively, and calculate the distance using these measurement angles.

In this measurement, the length of the target is based on the result of measuring the relative length of a plurality of targets (points) formed by one point based on the accuracy of ± 0.01 mm through calibration by the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science. It was made. In addition, in this measurement, in order to monitor the disturbance of the vibration or its own vibration from the outside, the vibration sensor is installed on the floor so that it can be monitored at any time during the measurement, and the deodolite has a built-in It is important to install the lens through the positioning lens so that it is centered on the positioning target installed on the floor.

Factors that can affect measurement accuracy in the precision measurement of such a non-contact three-dimensional precision measurement equipment, the deodorite system, the distance between the two deodorants, the distance between the deodorite system and the reference and the deodorite system And the distance between the target and the measurement target.

Therefore, in the present invention, the best measurement accuracy, the measurement accuracy and the measurement accuracy are measured when the distance between the deodolite collimation distance, the distance between the deodolite system and the reference and the distance between the deodolite system and the target, the highest precision We propose a high-precision measurement method for the deodolite system that can obtain the error of.

In describing the high-precision measurement method of such a deodolite system, the following terms are defined.

* T: distance between deodorites

* TS: Distance between deodorite and reference

* TP: Distance between deodorite and target

* SH: height of the reference

* PH: Target Height

* H: When target bar is horizontal

* V: Target bar is vertical

And the number on the right of these terms indicates the distance.

Thus, for example, 'T3' indicates that the distance between the two deodolites is 3m, and 'TP4H' indicates that the distance between the deodolite and the target is 4m and the target bar is horizontal.

Hereinafter, the measurement result data according to a plurality of conditions will be described, respectively, and the analysis will be performed accordingly.

<Performance measurement by temperature change>

3 is a result data of a performance measurement according to a temperature change measured using a deodorite. The horizontal figure indicates a number of target points and the vertical measurement error. The results are described below.

In this measurement, the system was installed in accordance with the above-described measurement conditions, and the temperature was measured at 8 ° C, 13 ° C, and 20 ° C. The temperature change rate during the measurement was ± 2.0 ° C.

As shown in Fig. 3, when the measurement error is 20 ° C., the measurement error is ± 0.045 mm at −0.023 to +0.067 (mm). However, the measurement error of ± 0.33 mm was shown at +0.046 to -0.612 (mm) at 13 ℃ and ± 0.367 mm at +0.025 to -0.708 (mm) at 8 ℃. In comparison, a large measurement error is generated, and it can be seen that the measurement error increases as the target number increases under an environment of 13 ° C and 8 ° C.

<Performance measurement according to changes in illuminance>

FIG. 4 is a result data of performance measurement according to a change in illuminance measured using a deodorite. The horizontal figure indicates a number of target points and the vertical measurement error. Also look at these results below.

The system was installed under the same conditions as above, and the illuminance was measured while changing to 360 Lux, 300 Lux, 250 Lux, 200 Lux and 150 Lux ± 15 Lux. In this case, only 18 targets in the middle part were measured by the difference in the roughness between both ends and the middle part in the invar where the target was installed. Fig. As shown in Fig. 5, roughness shows the most stable measurement error of ± 0.012 mm at 300 Lux.

This cause, as shown in Figure 4, the deoderite measurement target is made of an aluminum film material is made to increase the contrast (contrast) even in the case of low light, but to increase the measurement accuracy, but low light, that is less than 250 Lux It is considered that it was difficult for the measurer to collimate the center of the target precisely due to the illuminance, and it was difficult for the measurer to grasp the shape of the target center due to the diffuse reflection at the surface surface in the case of 360 Lux, where the amount of light was too high.

Through this, the illuminance range of 300 Lux ± 15Lux is judged to be the most appropriate illuminance of the deodolite measurement target, and it can be seen that measurement illuminance is an important error factor in measurement accuracy.

<First measurement of performance according to distance change>

FIG. 5 is a first measurement result data measured using a deodorite, and a unit of a measurement error is millimeters (mm), which will be described below.

T3, T4, TS distance change is ± 0.008 ~ ± 0.022 (mm) in the target bar horizontal condition, ± 0.008 ~ ± 0.017 (mm) in the vertical condition, small change in measurement accuracy and stable measurement accuracy can be obtained have.

In case of T5, the target bar shows stable measurement accuracy of ± 0.018 mm under horizontal condition and ± 0.013 to ± 0.023 (mm) under vertical condition, but it differs from ± 0.032 to ± 0.056 (mm) under vertical condition in measurement accuracy. Compared with the case, the measurement accuracy is relatively poor.

Therefore, when measuring a 3 m horizontal and 3 m planar space at a distance of 3 m from a deodolite system, the distance of two deodolites is located at a too short distance, such as 1 to 2 (m), or 5 m By measuring the target by collimating at a distance of 3 to 4 (m) rather than being located at the above long distance, stable measurement accuracy and measurement accuracy of at least ± 0.02 mm can be obtained.

<Performance 2 Measurement by Distance Change>

FIG. 6 is a second measurement result data measured using deodorite, and a unit of measurement error is millimeter (mm), which will be described below.

Place the reference point on the floor (SH0.05) where possible and measure the target height approximately 1 m (PH1), 1.5 m (PH1.5), and set the height of the reference point 0.5 m (SH0.5). In the case of measuring with the same height of the measuring target (PH0.5), stable and relatively good measurement accuracy can be obtained. In addition, it can be seen that stable and good measurement accuracy can be obtained even when the reference height is set to 1 m (SH1) and the measurement target is measured at a height of 1.5 m (PH1.5).

However, when setting the reference length with the reference height higher than the target for measurement, i.e., the measurement shape of PH0.05 and PH0.5 in SH1 or the measurement shape of PH0.05 in SH1.5, the measurement stability and It can be seen that the measurement accuracy is not good compared to other measurement shapes.

<Third measurement of performance according to distance change>

FIG. 7 is a third measurement result data measured using deodorite, and a unit of measurement error is millimeter (mm), which will be described below.

Good measurement results can be obtained at the measurement conditions of TS2, TS3 and TS4, that is, the distance between the deodorite and the reference at 2m, 3m and 4m under the 3m collimation distance. In this case, when the distance from the deodite to the target is measured at 2m, 3m and 6m under the above measurement conditions, the maximum measurement accuracy appears within ± 0.021mm. In particular, when the collimation distance is 3m and the distance between the deodorite and the reference is 4m, the measurement accuracy of ± 0.017mm can be measured.

<The fourth measurement of performance according to distance change>

FIG. 8 is a fourth measurement result data measured using deodorite, and a unit of measurement error is millimeter (mm), which will be described below.

Good measurement results can be obtained at the measurement conditions of TS3, TS4 and TS5 at the collimation distance of 4 m, that is, the distance between the deodorite and the reference from 3 m, 4 m and 5 m. In this case, the maximum measurement accuracy occurs within ± 0.025mm when the distance from the deodite to the target is measured at 2m, 3m and 6m under the above measurement conditions.

Accordingly, the measurement conditions satisfying all of the above measurement results and the measurement results of TS2, TS3 and TS4, which are the optimal reference distances at the collimation distance of 3 m, have a deodolite collimation distance of 3 to 4 m and a distance between the deodorant and the reference. It is understood that is 3 to 4 m, that is, TS3 to TS4. In addition, it can be seen that the maximum measurement accuracy at this time is within ± 0.022 mm.

<The fifth measurement of performance by distance change>

FIG. 9 is a fifth measurement result data measured using a deodorite, and a unit of a measurement error is millimeters (mm), which will be described below.

When measuring the height of the standard 1m, the collimation distance of 3-8m of deodorite, the distance of 3-4m between deodorite and reference, and the distance of 2-6m between the deodorite and the measuring object, the size of 3m width and 3m length The measurement accuracy within ± 0.025mm can be obtained with respect to the measurement object which it has. In particular, when the distance from the deodlight to the measurement object is 5 to 6 m based on the collimation distance 3 m and the distance 4 m between the deodorite and the reference ruler, a measurement accuracy of ± 0.015 mm can be obtained. It can also be seen that the accuracy of the measurement depends on the distance from the deodorite to the target.

Therefore, through the measurement of the above embodiments, to prepare the environment of the measurement space in the temperature range of 20 ± 2 ℃ and the roughness range of 300 ± 15 Lux, the reference height of 1 ± 0.2m, two deodolite collimation distance 3 ~ 4m In addition, it can be seen that the measurement can be performed with high accuracy by measuring two deodolites so that the distance between the deodolite system and the reference member is 3 to 4 m.

As described above, the present invention, in the case of the measurement using the deodolite system for the short-range measurement object, the assembly and inspection of precision industrial equipment that requires a high degree of accuracy and precision, such as precision machine tools, high-speed railway, aircraft, satellites and nuclear power plants Can meet the required measurement accuracy.

Claims (2)

Prepare the environment of the measurement space in the temperature range of 20 ± 2 ℃ and the illuminance range of 300 ± 15Lux, the reference height is 1 ± 0.2m, the two deodolite collimation distance is 3 ~ 4m, and the distance between the deodolite system and the reference A method for high precision measurement of a deodolite system, characterized in that by measuring the horizontal angle and the vertical angle with respect to each point of the target to be measured with two deodolites positioned so as to be 3 to 4m. The method of claim 1, wherein the measuring method is And obtaining a distance to the target by a trigonometric method at a horizontal angle and a vertical angle measured by the two deodolites.

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