KR100636496B1 - Zone Master based Routing Technology in Mobile Ad-Hoc networks - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a packet routing scheme in a mobile ad hoc network. In order to perform packet routing in a mobile ad hoc network, by using a zone master node, which is a routing auxiliary infrastructure, the scale of the ad hoc network is improved and energy saving is achieved. It is about providing a packet routing scheme.

To this end, the present invention is a routing technology using the zone master newly proposed by the present invention in a mobile ad hoc network, and provides link information (IntLS :) of the radio zone nodes of the zone master defined by the present invention for providing topology information of mobile networks. Distributing topology information of the terminals through an Integrated Link State (Message) message, and the terminals respond to an IntLS (Integrated Link State) message of the radio area nodes of the zone master defined by the present invention for providing topology information of mobile networks. Sending step includes.

Routing, mobile ad hoc network

Description

Zone Master based Routing Technology in Mobile Ad-Hoc networks}

1 is a diagram showing a state in which a mobile ad hoc network is divided into several routing regions to which the present invention is applied;

2 is a diagram illustrating a process in which the zone master 100 distributes an IntLS message 302 to mobile nodes 201 in its routing area.

3 is a diagram illustrating a process of responding to the zone master 100 with a message 301 responding to an IntLS message 302 received by the mobile nodes 201;

4 is a diagram showing the structure of an IntLS message 302 distributed by the zone master 100;

5 is a diagram illustrating a process of transmitting a data packet 303 between mobile nodes 201 and A and C located in a routing area of zone master 100 (Q).

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a process of transmitting a data packet 303 between mobile nodes 201 and A located in different routing regions J and K. Referring to FIG.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

100: John Master

201: mobile node

202: boundary node

203: sending node

204: destination node

301: Reply packet

302: Link information packet (IntLS) of radio region nodes of zone master

303: data packet

310: RREQ

320: RREP

The present invention relates to a packet routing method in a mobile ad hoc network, and more particularly, to a layer 3 level packet routing method using a zone master in a mobile ad hoc network.

Mobile ad hoc network routing technologies are used in the MANET workgroup within the IETF, the international standardization organization, such as Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector routing (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (DSR), and Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR). Standardization work is underway.

Mobile ad hoc networks inherently change the topology of the network due to the freedom of mobility of the mobile nodes. Therefore, it is difficult for each mobile node to maintain a routing table and perform packet routing.

In order to compensate for the packet routing problem, AODV, DSR, etc., which are request-based routing techniques for searching a routing path and transmitting a packet only when a packet to be transmitted is generated, have been proposed.

However, demand-based routing techniques such as AODV and DSR have the potential to further reduce the packet transmission performance when the number of mobile nodes increases and the size of the mobile ad hoc network increases. (Reference document: "Mobile Ad hoc Networking: Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, RFC 2501" in the IETF MANET Working Group).

On the other hand, there is a technique that can expand the size of a mobile ad hoc network by performing hierarchical packet routing by combining a request-based routing technology and a routing table-based routing technology in a research field besides standard activities. Performance of Query Control Schemes for the Zone Routing Protocol ", ACM / IEEE Trans. Net., Vol. 9 (2001)).

However, the prior art using such a hierarchical routing has a problem that the load by the control packet for packet routing is quite large.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, by introducing a zone master to the mobile ad hoc network to allow the zone master to identify and distribute the topology information of the mobile nodes to reduce the routing load of the mobile nodes composed of the user terminals. The goal is to allow for the construction of large-scale mobile ad hoc networks while reducing them.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it will be readily appreciated that the objects and advantages of the present invention may be realized by the means and combinations thereof indicated in the claims.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mobile ad hoc network routing method using a zone master, wherein the zone master transmits and generates an IntLS message in order to identify mobile nodes belonging to its own routing area. The mobile node located in the routing area of the master receives an IntLS message and generates a reply message in response to the response, and sends a reply message to the zone master, and all mobile nodes by combining the reply messages of the received mobile nodes. And a topology information transfer step of integrating the topology information into the IntLS message, and transmitting the packet based on the topology information received from the zone master by the mobile node.

The above objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, whereby those skilled in the art may easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. There will be. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that the detailed description of the known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings after describing terms used herein for convenience of description.

Definitions of the main terms used in the present specification are as follows.

Zone Master is a newly defined ad hoc node in the present invention, and is appropriately disposed in the mobile ad hoc network to be dedicated to the topology identification and distribution of mobile nodes. Zonemasters do not have mobility unlike mobile nodes. Johnmaster must also be able to receive a stable power supply.

Mobile nodes are nodes constituting a mobile ad hoc network, and are small information processing terminals equipped with a wireless communication device. Mobile nodes typically use batteries, which are a limited source of energy.

IntLS (Integrated Link State) message is a message newly defined in the present invention, and is used by the zone master to aggregate and distribute topology information of mobile nodes in its routing area.

When the mobile node receives an IntLS message of a specific zone master, the reply message generates a reply message including its link state information and a neighbor node list and transmits it to the zone master.

RREQ is an abbreviation of "Route Request". When the destination node is located in a different routing area than the sending node, the RREQ is a message generated and transmitted by the sending node to search the routing path to the destination node in a request-based manner.

RREP is an abbreviation of "Route Reply". When a mobile node that receives an RREQ message knows a routing path to a destination node, the RREP message is generated and transmitted to inform the transmitting node.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating zone masters 100 dividing a mobile ad hoc network into multiple routing regions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a mobile ad hoc network to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, a mobile ad hoc network to which the present invention is applied includes mobile nodes 201, which are wireless communication terminals of a user, and a zone master 100 to assist routing of the mobile nodes.

The mobile nodes constituting the mobile ad hoc network communicate using the IEEE802.11 MAC standard and directly communicate with the mobile nodes 201 located within their communication range. Communication with the mobile node 201 located farther than its communication propagation range is possible through multiple hops when neighboring neighbor nodes exist.

2 is a diagram illustrating a process in which each zone master 100 transmits an IntLS packet 302 to grasp information of mobile nodes 201 belonging to its own routing area according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. .

The zone masters J, Q, and K broadcast IntLS messages 302 to all mobile nodes 201, each having a TTL value equal to the size of its routing area. The mobile nodes 201 are aware of which zone master 100 they belong to by receiving the IntLS message 302 sent by the zone master 100. In this case, since the received IntLS message 302 is an IntLS message 302 in an initial state, topology information of other mobile nodes 201 is not included.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mobile node 201 that receives the IntLS message 302 from two or more zone masters 100 among the mobile nodes 201 is classified as a boundary node 202. The boundary node 202 serves as a mobile node 201 belonging to two or more routing areas, and connects each routing area.

FIG. 3 illustrates that the mobile node 201 receiving the IntLS message 302 of the zone master 100 generates a response message 301 in response to the zone node (i. A diagram illustrating a process of reporting to 100).

As shown in FIG. 3, each mobile node 201 records its link information and the neighbor node list in a response message 301 and transmits it to its own zone master 100. The mobile node 201 located at least two hops away from the zone master 100 transmits a response message 301 to the mobile node 201 that delivered the IntLS message 302 to the mobile node 201. Mobile nodes 201 located around the zone master 100 transmit response messages of the mobile nodes 201 located outside the routing area to the zone master 100.

At this time, the boundary node 202 transmits the response message 301 to all the zone masters 100 that have sent the IntLS message 302 to themselves by setting a 'B' flag indicating that they are the boundary node 202. do.

4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an IntLS message 302 generated by the zone master 100 by combining response messages of mobile nodes 201 belonging to its routing area. The IntLS message 302 may store link information of all mobile nodes 201 belonging to a specific routing area. The role of each field is as follows. The 'Link State Header' field indicates that this packet is a packet for link information transmission. The 'ZM' field indicates whether this packet was generated from the zone master 100. The 'Link ID' field has a network address of each of the mobile nodes 201. The 'Neighbor List' field is a list of neighbor nodes adjacent to a node having a network address of 'Link ID'. 'Link cost' field represents the link state value of the mobile node (201). The 'B' flag indicates whether the corresponding mobile node 201 is the boundary node 202.

FIG. 5 illustrates a transmission node 203 A and a destination node when the transmitting node 203 A and the destination node 204 C are located in the same routing area of the same zone master 100. Referring to FIG. 204) A diagram showing a process of transmitting a data packet 303 between C. FIG. The transmitting node 203 A has data to be transmitted to the destination node 204 C. As described above, since the transmitting node 203 A has already received the IntLS packet 302 distributed by the zone master 100 Q, it holds the topology information of all the mobile nodes 201 in the corresponding routing area. The transmitting node 203 A constructs a routing table for the mobile nodes 201 in the routing area of the zone master Q based on the current topology information.

The transmitting node 203 A may know that the next hop for delivering the packet to the destination node 204 C is the zone master 100 Q by referring to the generated routing table. The transmitting node 203 A transmits the packet to the zone master 100 Q.

Upon receiving the packet of the transmitting node 203 A, the zone master 100 Q transmits the packet to the mobile node 201 B through the above-described process. Mobile node 201 B also transmits the packet to C, the final destination node 204, through the same process. Destination node 204 C receives the packet sent by transmitting node 203 A.

FIG. 6 illustrates a transmission node 203 A and a destination node when the transmitting node 203 A and the destination node 204 E are located in different routing zones of different zone masters 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. (204) A diagram showing a process of transmitting the data packet 303 between E. FIG. The transmitting node 203 A has data to be transmitted to the destination node 204 E.

As described above, the transmitting node 203 A has already received the IntLS packet 302 distributed by the zone master 100 J, and thus holds the topology information of all the mobile nodes 201 in the routing area. The transmitting node 203 A constructs a routing table for the mobile nodes 201 in the routing area of the zone master 100 J based on the current topology information.

The transmitting node 203 A searches the next hop for forwarding the packet of the destination node 204 C by referring to the generated routing table, but the destination node 204 E is located in the routing area of the zone master 100 K. In the routing table of the transmitting node 203 A, the routing information of the destination node 204 C cannot be retrieved.

Transmitting node 203 A generates an RREQ message 310 and sends it to boundary nodes 202 B and C to retrieve the routing path to destination node 204 E. Upon receiving the RREQ message 310, the boundary nodes 202 B and C search their routing tables to see if they contain routing path information to the destination node 204 C. If there is no routing path information to the destination node 204 E, the RREQ message 310 is transmitted to another boundary node 202 D existing in the same routing area.

At this time, if the boundary nodes 202 B and C have routing path information to the destination node 204 E, the RNode message 320 is immediately generated and transmitted to the transmitting node 204 A.

The boundary node 202 D receives the RREQ message 310 of the transmitting node 203 A delivered by the boundary nodes 202 B and C. As described above, the boundary node 202 D searches its routing table to retrieve the routing path information to the destination node 204 E. Since border node 202 D belongs to the same routing area as destination node 204 E, border node 202 D holds routing path information from its routing table to destination node 204 E. The boundary node 202 D generates the RREP message 320 and sends it to the transmitting node 203 A in the reverse direction of the path through which the RREQ message 310 was delivered.

At this time, the mobile nodes 201 located between the boundary node 202 D and the transmitting node 203 A and delivering the RREP message 320 store the routing path information to the destination node 204 E in their routing table. .

When the transmitting node 203 A receives the RREP message 320 generated and transmitted by the boundary node 202 D, the transmitting node 203 A next hops the mobile node 201 which delivered the RREP message 320 to itself. The data packet 303 is transmitted.

The mobile node 201 receiving the data packet 303 of the transmitting node 203 A transfers the packet to the destination node 204 E with reference to the route information of the routing table set in the above-described process. The destination node 204 E receives the data packet 303 sent by the transmitting node 203 A.

As described above, the method of the present invention may be implemented as a program and stored in a recording medium (CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, etc.) in a computer-readable form. Since this process can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art will not be described in more detail.

The present invention described above is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is not limited by the drawings.

As described above, by detecting and distributing topology information of mobile nodes using a zone master, mobile nodes having limited energy and information processing capability can obtain routing information for packet transmission very efficiently. .

In addition, the present invention as described above, by performing the hierarchical routing by the zone master, there is an effect that it is possible to expand the scale of the mobile ad hoc network difficult to form a large network.

In addition, the present invention as described above has the effect of reducing the energy use of mobile nodes having limited energy in the mobile ad hoc network that requires a lot of energy consumption for routing information search.

Claims (6)

A packet routing method using a zone master in a mobile ad hoc network, An IntLS message transmission step of generating and transmitting an IntLS message for notifying the existence of the zone master to the mobile nodes in the routing area of the zone master; A Reply message response step of the mobile nodes located in the routing area of the zone master receiving the zone master IntLS message, generating a reply message in response to the zone master, and transmitting the reply message to the zone master; And The topology information delivery step in which the zone master aggregates the received response messages of the received mobile nodes and aggregates the topology information of all mobile nodes in an IntLS message. Mobile ad hoc network routing method using a zone master including a. The method of claim 1, The IntLS message transmission step, A method for routing a mobile ad hoc network using a zone master, wherein the zone master broadcasts initial IntLS messages to all mobile nodes by setting TTL values corresponding to the size of the routing area. The method of claim 1, The reply message response step, Receiving an IntLS message broadcasted by the zone master and extracting corresponding information; A zone master list update and boundary node determination step of storing the IntLS message in the list of network addresses of the zone masters and determining whether the zone node is a boundary node; And Step of creating and transmitting Reply message that mobile node stores its link status information and neighbor node list in Reply message Mobile ad hoc network routing method using a zone master including a. The method of claim 1, The topology information transfer step, Receiving, by the zone master, reply messages of the mobile nodes, extracting and storing link state information and neighbor node information of the mobile nodes; Generating an IntLS message integrating the stored link state information and neighbor node information into an IntLS message; And IntLS message broadcasting step of broadcasting IntLS message including link status information and neighbor node information of all mobile nodes in routing area to all mobile nodes. Mobile ad hoc network routing method using a zone master including a. The method of claim 3, wherein The zone master list update and boundary node determination step, A mobile ad hoc network routing method using a zone master, wherein when there are two or more zone master network addresses stored in the zone master list of the mobile node, the corresponding mobile node is determined as a boundary node. The method of claim 3, wherein The reply message generation and transmission step, A method of mobile ad hoc network routing using a zone master, wherein the generated reply message is unicast in the reverse direction to which the IntLS message is delivered and is transmitted to the zone master.

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