KR100626311B1 - Variable Double Sonic Ejector - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable two-stage speed ejector, and in particular, to operate a switching valve horizontally operated by a driving unit to selectively open a switching valve stage to open the driving fluid Q ₁ to a primary nozzle or a secondary nozzle. Since the ratio of the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) is continuously changed by discharging to the necks of the first and second diffusers, the primary and secondary ejectors are selectively operated according to the requirements of the flow rate change so that the change range of the flow rate is small to large flow rate. The present invention relates to an invention that can be expanded to further increase ejector performance and greatly improve efficiency.

Ejector, Diffuser, Nozzle, Cylinder Shaft, Switching Valve, Check Valve, Drive Section

Description

Variable Double Sonic Ejector

1 is a block diagram showing a general ejector device.

Figure 2 is a view showing an embodiment in which the primary ejector of the variable two-speed sound ejector according to the present invention is operated.

3 is a partially enlarged view of a variable two-stage sound velocity ejector according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a view showing an embodiment in which the secondary ejector of the variable two-speed sound ejector according to the present invention is operated.

5 is a graph showing a suction flow rate Q ₂ / (Q ₁ + Q ₂ ) with respect to a driving fluid Q ₁ of a conventional general ejector and a variable two-stage speed ejector according to the present invention;

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: drive unit 11: primary ejector

12: 1st nozzle 13: 1st flow path

14: primary nozzle inlet 15: primary diffuser shrinkage

16: primary diffuser neck 17: primary diffuser enlargement

18: primary switching valve stage 19: cylinder shaft

20: check valve 21: secondary ejector

22: secondary nozzle 23: secondary flow path

24: secondary nozzle inlet 25: secondary diffuser shrinkage

26: secondary diffuser neck 27: secondary diffuser enlargement

28: secondary switching valve vs. 29: switching valve chamber

30: switching valve 31: switching valve body

32: mixing chamber Q ₁ : driving fluid

Q ₂ : Suction fluid P ₀ : Driving pressure

Pa: atmospheric pressure

The present invention relates to a variable two-stage ejector, and more particularly, by operating a switching valve horizontally operated by a drive unit to selectively open the switching valve stage to drive the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) to the primary nozzle or the secondary nozzle. Since the ratio of the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) is continuously changed by discharging to the necks of the first and second diffusers having different cross-sectional areas, the primary and secondary ejectors are selectively operated according to the requirements of the flow rate change so that the change range of the flow rate is changed from the small flow rate. The present invention relates to a variable two-stage ejector device capable of increasing the ejector performance and increasing the efficiency.

In general, the ejector is fixed in shape, and it is necessary to use a plurality of ejector systems having different ejector shapes according to the ejector operating conditions.However, in the case of using the variable two-stage sound velocity ejector of the present invention, the performance of a plurality of ejectors with one ejector You can get it.

The switching valve, which is fastened to the cylinder shaft part of the ejector device, automatically moves to the left and right according to the size of the flow and the operating conditions, and the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) and the suction fluid which greatly affect the ejector performance. The variation of the ratio of (Q ₂ ) can be broadly expanded.

As a result, the ejector operating conditions are nearly doubled compared to the conventional fixed ejector operating conditions so that the optimum ejector operating conditions are achieved. Thus, the ejector driving conditions Q ₁ and suction fluid Q ₂ are reduced. It is a great advantage that the ratio can be continuously changed and a large suction flow rate ratio can be obtained even with a small flow rate (or driving pressure).

In addition, the primary and secondary nozzles of the ejector are variably changed to allow the nozzle to move up and down according to the flow rate requirements in order to adjust the area ratio which greatly affects the ejector performance. The present invention also relates to a variable two-stage ejector that can be greatly improved.

In general, an ejector is a device for compressing and conveying a low pressure fluid to a higher pressure by injecting a high pressure driving fluid into a nozzle so as to exchange momentum with a low pressure fluid around the fractionation. Condensor) has been used as a pump for bleeding pumps, and its scope of use has been gradually expanded to vacuum pumps, exhaust pumps, and heat compressors.In recent years, combustors, natural gas equipment, food manufacturing equipment, air conditioning facilities, drying and It is widely applied from deodorizers and semiconductor devices to various chemical fields, and also has many applications such as jet pumps, blast nozzles for metal processing, and advanced simulation equipment for rocket engines, which are installed for emergency use in hydroelectric power plants. It is also applied to the device. In recent years, the ejector system has been applied to hydrogen fuel cells of automobiles and has been widely used.

The ejector is divided into subsonic ejector, sonic and supersonic ejector according to the type of drive fluid applied to the primary nozzle and the shape of the nozzle, and is divided into single nozzle method and multistage nozzle method according to the number of driving nozzles. In terms of the overall structure, the nozzle consists of a nozzle, a mixing section, and a diffuser, and since the ejector device does not have any rotating parts or active parts inside thereof, there is little trouble due to the operation of the device. Despite its compact size, it has the feature of compressing and transporting a large amount of fluid.

As shown in FIG. 1, the most common structure of the ejector 1 is provided with a nozzle for sound speed or supersonic speed 4 at the inner center of the body constituting the inlet 3 of the suction fluid Q ₂ . The mixing chamber 2 is connected to the inlet 3 and the nozzle downstream of the suction fluid Q ₂ .

It is also composed of a diffuser 1 for transporting secondary suction flows entrained by the jets discharged from the sonic or supersonic nozzles 4. In addition, the nozzle 4 is configured in a reduced type in which the flow path cross-sectional area is narrowed, and this ejector becomes a sound velocity ejector. In addition, in the case of a supersonic ejector, the shape of the nozzle is reduced or enlarged.

In order to transfer the suction fluid Q ₂ using the ejector 7 having the above configuration, the high-pressure driving fluid Q ₁ enters the inlet port 3 from the nozzle 4 and passes through the nozzle 4. In the process of flowing into the mixing pipe is accelerated to the sound speed or supersonic speed, the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) introduced from the mixing chamber (2) by the injection of the accelerated driving fluid (Q ₁ ) is mixed (mix) with each other. The mixed fluid Q ₁ + Q ₂ is discharged to the diffuser 1. In this process, negative pressure is generated near the diffuser neck 5.

The main purpose of the ejector device is to lower the pressure downstream of the nozzle 4 by the driving fluid Q ₁ injected through the nozzle 4 and to draw the suction fluid Q ₂ through the shear action of the high speed flow. It is to be transported.

However, since the ejector 7 device is fixed to the nozzle 4 and the diffuser neck 5, many problems are raised in the ejector operating conditions. Even in the part of adjusting the area ratio, which greatly affects the ejector performance, it is not possible to freely adjust according to the change of flow rate, nor can it continuously change the suction flow rate value compared to the large consumption of the driving fluid Q ₁ according to the operating conditions. There are disadvantages. In addition, depending on the ejector operating conditions, not only the range of the flow rate value is greatly shortened but also the variation in the flow rate is minimized, which is an important cause of deteriorating the ejector performance.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above conventional problems, by operating the switching valve horizontally operated by the drive unit to selectively open the switching valve stage to drive the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) primary nozzle or secondary nozzle The ratio of the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) is continuously changed by discharging to the necks of the first and second diffusers with different cross-sectional areas. The aim is to increase the flow rate to further increase ejector performance and significantly improve efficiency.

This object, hayeoseo discharged at a high speed the drive fluid (Q ₁₎ with an inlet according to the speed of sound ejector to the outlet port which to suck the suction fluid (Q ₂₎ to jekting, a driving fluid (Q ₁₎ flowing into the inlet port First and second switching valve stems which branch to left and right sides; A switching valve configured to selectively open or close the opening portions of the first and second valve switching valve stems left and right, respectively; A drive unit coupled to the switching valve body with a shaft to drive the switching valve body horizontally; It is installed in the first and second flow paths for guiding the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) selectively supplied from the first and second switching valve seat, so that different amounts of the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) are supplied to the first and second cars. A first and second ejectors configured to spray the nozzles; Pressure is applied to the primary and secondary diffusers having different intervals to suck the suction fluid Q ₂ from the primary and secondary nozzle inlets by the driving fluid Q ₁ selectively injected from the primary and secondary ejectors. A 1st and 2nd diffuser which descends; It is achieved by providing a variable two-stage sound velocity ejector comprising a mixing chamber for mixing the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) and the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) passed through the _first and second diffusers to discharge to the outlet.

The drive unit is preferably a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

The sealing member may be provided at a front portion of the switching valve body of the switching valve to be in contact with the first and second switching valve seats to seal the switching valve.

Then, the _first and second switching valve stage selection according to the operation of the switching valve to prevent the reverse flow of the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) and the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) entering the mixing chamber at the end of the first and second diffusers. Each of the check valves to be selectively opened depending on whether or not to open.

In addition, the primary and secondary nozzles are variable nozzles so that the primary and secondary nozzles can move up and down with respect to the primary and secondary ejectors according to the flow rate change in order to adjust the neck area ratio with the primary and secondary diffusers. It is preferable to comprise.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a view showing an embodiment in which the primary ejector of the variable two-stage speed ejector according to the present invention is operated, Figure 3 is a partially enlarged view of the variable two-stage speed ejector according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a present invention Figure 2 is a view showing an embodiment in which the secondary ejector of the variable two-stage ejector according to the operation, Figure 5 is a conventional flow rate and the suction flow rate (Q ₂ ) for the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) of the variable two-stage speed ejector according to the present invention / (Q ₁ + Q ₂ )].

As shown in FIG. 2, the variable type two-stage sound velocity ejector according to the present invention has a large driving unit 10, a cylinder shaft 19, a switching valve 30, and a primary and secondary nozzles 12 and 22. ), The first and second diffusers (100, 110). An inlet 3 through which the driving fluid Q ₁ flows is installed at the upper part of the ejector device, and a cylinder shaft 19 for driving the switching valve 30 is connected to the driving unit 10.

The drive unit 10 uses a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and is fixed to a lower portion of the inlet port 3, and the cylinder shaft 19 is coupled with the switching valve 30 by the drive unit 10. It will move left and right.

In addition, the switching valve 30 coupled to the cylinder shaft 19 selectively moves the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 21 while automatically moving left and right according to the magnitude of the flow rate and the operating conditions. Let's go.

That is, the driving fluid Q ₁ is selected as the primary ejector 11 or the secondary ejector 21 depending on whether the switching valve 30 is turned on or off, and is connected to the transport outlet 6 through the lower outlet 6. do.

Here, the primary and secondary nozzles (12, 22), the primary and secondary in accordance with the flow rate changes in order to adjust the area ratio of the primary and secondary diffuser neck (16, 26), which greatly affects the ejector performance The secondary nozzles 12 and 22 were configured as variable nozzles so as to move up and down with respect to the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 12.

In addition, the check valves 20 at the outlet portions of the primary and secondary diffusers 100 and 110 are interlocked with the switching valve 30 according to the operating conditions of the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 21. , Or a valve capable of selectively blocking the secondary diffuser (100, 110) or using a one-way valve (blocking the flow from the outlet 6 to the inlet 3), the inlet (3) After the driving fluid Q ₁ injected passes through the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 21, it passes through the primary and secondary diffusers 100 and 110, like the suction fluid Q ₂ . After discharged to 6), serves to prevent backflow to prevent flow back to the inlet (3).

The switching valve 30 is formed by fastening the cylinder shaft 19 to the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 21 selectively according to the flow volume of the driving fluid Q ₁ at the inlet 3. The flow paths of the primary and secondary nozzles 12 and 22 and the primary and secondary diffusers 100 and 110 are formed differently to increase or decrease the width of the flow rate.

That is, the primary ejector 11 is designed to have a smaller inner diameter of the primary nozzle 12 and the primary diffuser 100 than that of the secondary nozzle 22 and the secondary diffuser 110. In this case, when the flow rate is low flow rate, the primary ejector 11 is operated, and when the flow rate is large flow rate, the secondary ejector 21 is operated to reduce the flow loss of the primary and secondary ejectors 11 and 21, and the primary and secondary ejectors. (11) (21) By varying the neck area ratio, which greatly affects the performance, it is possible to obtain the optimum suction flow rate ratio according to the operating conditions.

Therefore, as in the related art, the efficiency of the ejector can be further improved than when the ejector is composed of only one ejector.

At this time, Figure 2 is a state when the size of the drive fluid Q ₁ is a small flow rate, the switching valve 30 is turned OFF, the cylinder shaft 19 of the drive unit 10 is operated to the left to switch The sealing material of the valve body 31 contacts and seals the secondary switching valve stem 28, and the driving fluid Q ₁ passes through the opening of the primary switching valve stem 18 so that one of the primary nozzles 12 It is discharged to the primary nozzle opening 14.

In this state, the flow of the secondary ejector 21 is blocked and only the operating state of the primary ejector 11 is allowed.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, the size of the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) is a state when the large flow rate, the switching valve 30 is turned on, the cylinder shaft 19 of the drive unit 10 is the right The sealing material of the switching valve body 31 contacts and seals the primary switching valve stem 18, and the driving fluid Q ₁ is opened through the opening of the secondary switching valve stem 28. It is discharged to the secondary nozzle inlet 24 of (22).

In this state, the flow of the primary ejector 11 is blocked and only the operating state of the secondary ejector 21 is allowed.

As shown in FIG. 3, when a small flow rate is to be discharged to the outlet 6, the driving fluid Q ₁ introduced from the inlet 3 is firstly driven by the horizontal operation to the left of the switching valve 30. The switching valve stem 18 is opened, the secondary switching valve stem 28 is shut off, and selectively injected into the primary nozzle 12, and the pressure is gradually directed downstream by the injection of the driving fluid Q ₁ . The lowered pressure zone occurs in the primary diffuser neck 16, and the suction fluid Q ₂ is sucked into the primary suction port 50 through the shear action of the high-speed flow, and these fluids are mixed with each other. The fluid Q ₁ + Q ₂ is mixed in the mixing chamber 2 and discharged to the outlet 6.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the large flow rate is to be discharged to the outlet 6, the driving fluid Q ₁ introduced from the inlet 3 is secondarily switched by the horizontal operation to the right side of the switching valve 30. The valve stem 28 is opened, the primary switching valve stem 18 is cut off, and selectively injected into the secondary nozzle 22, and the pressure is lowered downward by the injection of the driving fluid Q ₁ . The lower pressure region occurs in the secondary diffuser, and the suction fluid Q ₂ is drawn into the secondary inlet 51 through a high-speed shearing action, and these fluids are mixed with each other to form the mixed fluid Q _1. + Q ₂ ) is mixed in the mixing chamber 2 and discharged to the outlet 6.

At this time, the first and second nozzles 12 and 22 are operated up and down to vary the distance between the first and second diffuser necks 16 and 26 to adjust the neck area ratio so that the outlets 6 are discharged to the outlet 6. It is possible to adjust the flow rate of the mixed fluid Q ₁ + Q ₂ .

On the other hand, Figure 5 is a graph showing the suction flow rate (Q ₂ / (Q ₁ + Q ₂ )) with respect to the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) of the conventional conventional ejector and the variable two-stage sound velocity ejector according to the present invention, [ Q ₂ / (Q ₁ + Q ₂ )] represents the suction flow rate ratio of the ejector, and the horizontal axis of the graph represents the flow rate of the driving fluid Q ₁ . In the graph, the conventional single stage ejector is represented by a circle (●), and the two stage ejector of the present invention is represented by a square (■).

As can be seen in the graph of Fig. 5, the general shape of the single-stage ejector graph (circle,) is considered to be a large consumption (section D) of the driving fluid Q ₁ , and the ejector shape is fixed. The flow rate value is always constant.

In addition, the variation range (Section B) of the suction flow rate ratio is minimized compared to the flow rate value of the driving fluid Q ₁ , so that the optimum flow rate change value, which is the change range from the small flow rate to the large flow rate according to the ejector operating conditions, cannot be obtained.

Therefore, the two-stage ejector is used to maximize the limit of the flow rate value and the optimum flow rate variation. In other words, by using the primary and secondary ejectors selectively according to the magnitude of the flow value of the driving fluid Q ₁ , a large suction flow rate value can be obtained even for a small flow rate value. It can be seen that a great contribution.

Thus, the suction flow rate ratio value can be obtained at the maximum (section A) while maintaining the minimum (Section C) for the case where the flow fluid Q ₁ has a small flow rate, so that the flow width can be varied widely from the small flow rate to the large flow rate. You can see it.

Therefore, according to the variable two-stage sound velocity ejector according to the present invention as described above, by operating the switching valve horizontally operated by the drive unit to selectively open the switching valve stage to drive the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) primary nozzle or secondary nozzle The ratio of the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) is continuously changed by discharging to the necks of the first and second diffusers with different cross-sectional areas. It is a very useful and effective invention that can be extended to large flow rates to further increase ejector performance and greatly improve efficiency.

Claims (5)

In the sonic velocity ejector for ejecting the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) to the inlet port at high speed to eject to the outlet for suction of the suction fluid (Q ₂ ), First and second switching valve stems for branching the driving fluid Q ₁ flowing into the inlet to left and right sides thereof; A switching valve configured to selectively open or close the opening portions of the first and second valve switching valve stems left and right, respectively; A drive unit coupled to the switching valve body with a shaft to drive the switching valve body horizontally; It is installed in the first and second flow paths for guiding the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) selectively supplied from the first and second switching valve seat, so that different amounts of the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) are supplied to the first and second cars. A first and second ejectors configured to spray the nozzles; Pressure is applied to the primary and secondary diffusers having different intervals to suck the suction fluid Q ₂ from the primary and secondary nozzle inlets by the driving fluid Q ₁ selectively injected from the primary and secondary ejectors. A 1st and 2nd diffuser which descends; And a mixing chamber configured to mix the driving fluid (Q ₁ ) and the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) passed through the _first and second diffusers to discharge to the outlet. The variable two-stage sound velocity ejector according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. The variable two-stage sound speed ejector according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing material on a front surface of the switching valve body of the switching valve to be in contact with the first and second switching valve seats. According to claim 1, wherein the first and second secondary in accordance with the operation of the switching valve to prevent the reverse flow of the drive fluid (Q ₁ ) and the suction fluid (Q ₂ ) to enter the mixing chamber at the end of the first and second secondary diffuser A variable two-stage sound velocity ejector, characterized in that it comprises a check valve that is selectively opened according to the selective opening of the switching valve stage. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary and secondary nozzles, the primary and secondary nozzles move up and down relative to the primary and secondary ejectors in accordance with the flow rate change to adjust the neck area ratio with the primary and secondary diffusers. Variable two-stage sound velocity ejector, characterized in that consisting of a variable nozzle so that.

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