KR100617396B1 - 3-dimensional image display system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new three-dimensional image display device that proves the satisfaction of the focus adjustment function that the existing three-dimensional image display device is not completely satisfied. Satisfaction of such a focus control function is the most important factor for the commercialization of a 3D image display device, and is closely related to the naturalness of the 3D image provided. The core content of the present invention is to provide two or more parallax images within the minimum pupil diameter of the eye so that each parallax image is uniformly converged around the pupil of the eye so that all the images of the parallax image satisfy the focusing conditions. .

According to the present invention, there is an effect that can eliminate the eye fatigue phenomenon known as the biggest problem in the commercialization of the existing three-dimensional image display device.

Convergence of 3D Image, Focus Control, Fatigue, Multifocal, Parallax Image

Description

3D image display device {3-dimensional image display system}

1 is a view schematically illustrating a principle that a 3D image display device according to the present invention satisfies an eye focusing function.

2 is a block diagram of a monocular three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of a binocular three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention.

4 is a result data showing that focus adjustment is possible in the 3D image display device of FIG. 2.

5 is a block diagram of a monocular 3D image display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a block diagram of a monocular 3D image display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1, 2: point light source 3, 4, 5: convergence point of parallax image

16: eye 18: laser light source

19: light diffuser 20: polarized light splitter

21: light modulator 22, 24: lens

23: galvano scanner 25, 26, 27: convergence point of parallax image

28: pupil 29: 3D image display device for left eye

30: 3D image display device for the right eye 31: Mirror

40: flat panel display 44, 48: lens

45, 46, 47: pinhole shutter 55: flat panel display

62: lens

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) image display device, and in particular, by distributing each parallax image evenly around the pupil of the eye by providing two or more parallax images within the eye's minimum diameter, all of the parallax image A three-dimensional image display device in which an image satisfies a focusing condition.

The 3D image display device developed in the past mostly uses a method of satisfying binocular disparity only (a method of giving a stereoscopic effect by providing different images to both eyes). Although it is possible to provide a realistic three-dimensional image in this way, the viewer is accompanied by severe eye fatigue when watching for a long time. A three-dimensional image display device that can solve this problem can be summarized in the following documents.

[1] P. Hilaire, S. A. Benton, and M. Lucente, "Synthetic Aperture Holography: A Novel Approach to Three Dimensional Displays," Journal of Optical Society of America A, Vol. 9, No. 11, pp. 1969-1979, 1992.

[2] Y. Kajiki, H. Yoshikawa, and T. Honda, "Three-Dimensional Display with Focused Light Array," Proc. SPIE, Vol 2652, Practical Holography X, Paper # 2652-15, 1996.

[3] Sung-Kyu Kim, Y. Kajiki, and T. Honda, "3D Display System for One Observer Using Multi-Projection of 2-Dimensional Images from an Arc", Proc. SPIE, 2001.

 In addition to these documents, there is a volume display (Volumetric display), but there is an application problem that the area for providing a three-dimensional image is limited to the volume of the rotor blade.

[1] is essentially a method of eliminating vertical parallax, and thus cannot provide perfect focusing, and it is a method for displaying spatial interference of an acoustic optical element (AOM) that displays an interference fringe of a hologram. Due to limitations, the possibility of practical three-dimensional image display is very low.

In Document [2], the multi-view three-dimensional image display was expanded to provide parallax images corresponding to the diameter of a human pupil. However, since the approach uses an extension of the existing multi-view three-dimensional display, it always adjusts the focus. It is not a way to satisfy. This method also has a limit in the ultimate focusing ability by eliminating vertical parallax.

Document [3] achieves some degree of satisfaction of focus control by increasing the number of parallax images of horizontal parallax, but it also provides a possibility, but does not achieve perfect focus satisfaction, and eliminates vertical parallax.

Although the above documents raise the possibility of overcoming the fatigue phenomenon among the three-dimensional image display devices to date, none of them proves the satisfaction of the perfect focusing function. Satisfaction of focus adjustment is an essential prerequisite for the commercialization of a 3D image display device, and is closely related to the naturalness of the 3D image provided.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional image display device that satisfies the focus control function of the eye.

Another object of the present invention is due to binocular disparity in the process of perceiving real scenes and stereoscopic images, as well as non-image problems such as eye fatigue or dizziness that may occur after viewing stereoscopic images for a long time. It is to provide a three-dimensional image display device that can complement the natural or realism.

Monocular three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention, a parallax image providing unit for providing at least two or more parallax image; And a disparity image converging unit for converging disparity images provided from the disparity image providing unit around the pupil of the eye.

The parallax image providing unit includes a laser light source, a light diffuser for uniformly diffusing light from the laser light source, and an optical modulator for modulating the diffused light.

The parallax image converging unit includes a galvano scanner and two lenses arranged before and after the galvano scanner, and forms two or more convergence points around the pupil of the eye.

In addition, the binocular three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention, by combining two monocular three-dimensional image display device to configure a left eye three-dimensional image display device and a right eye three-dimensional image display device, respectively; Between the left eye 3D image display device and the right eye 3D image display device, a movable mirror is provided to adjust a distance between both eyes.

The present invention is a new three-dimensional image display device that proves the satisfaction of the focus adjustment function that the existing three-dimensional image display device is not completely satisfied. Satisfaction of such a focus control function is the most important factor for the commercialization of a 3D image display device, and is closely related to the naturalness of the 3D image provided. The core content of the present invention is to provide two or more parallax images within the minimum pupil diameter of the eye so that each parallax image is uniformly converged around the pupil of the eye so that all the images of the parallax image satisfy the focusing conditions. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 schematically illustrates the principle of satisfying an eye focusing function of a 3D image display device according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a parallax image from a spatial point light source 1 of a predetermined depth and a parallax image from a spatial point light source 2 of a different depth are converged within the pupil diameter 17 of the eyeball 16. Converge to (3,4,5).

When the observer focuses on the point light source 1, the thickness is adjusted so that the lens 13 of the eye corresponds to its depth, and the parallax image of the point light source 1 accurately displays the image 15 on the retina. (This situation is indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1).

Similarly, when the observer focuses on a point light source 2 of different depth, the thickness is adjusted so that the lens 12 of the eye corresponds to the depth, and the parallax image of the point light source 2 is imaged on the retina. (14) (this situation is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 1).

In particular, when the parallax image of the point light source 2 forms an image on the retina, the parallax image of the point light source 1 at different depths cannot form an image on the retina, so that the parallax image of the point light source 1 is blurred. Action occurs. This action occurs in the natural environment of the human eye. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 1, when one eye sees a three-dimensional image, three disparity images represented by three convergence points (3, 4, and 5) are used to display a three-dimensional image almost identical to the natural environment in one eye. It also satisfies the eye focusing effect.

In FIG. 1, three parallax images are given within the pupil diameter 17, but at least two parallax images may be provided to adjust eye focus. Of course, even if two or more parallax images are given, the focus can be adjusted.

The situation in FIG. 1 shows a situation in the horizontal direction, and the same phenomenon occurs in the vertical direction. Here, the horizontal direction means a straight direction connecting two eyes when a person stands upright, and the vertical direction means a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction.

Referring back to the situation of FIG. 1, the information about the point in space causes any three-dimensional image display device to satisfy the focus adjustment to form convergence points that exist around the pupil of FIG. 1. These convergence points need only exist around the pupil.

2 illustrates a monocular 3D image display device satisfying the condition of FIG. 1, which is a core condition of the present invention, and provided from a parallax image providing unit for providing at least two or more parallax images and a parallax image providing unit. It includes a parallax image converging unit for converging parallax images around the pupil of the eye.

The parallax image providing unit includes a laser light source 18, a light diffuser 19 for uniformly diffusing light from the laser light source 18, and an optical modulator 21 for modulating the diffused light. Here, the laser light source 18 is a pulsed mode laser diode, and the optical modulator 21 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal display (FLCD) as a spatial light modulator (SLM).

The ferroelectric liquid crystal display has a spatial resolution of 256x256 and provides a two-dimensional image to form a three-dimensional image.

In addition, the parallax image providing unit may further include a polarization beam splitter (PBS) 20 configured to reflect the beam of the first polarization component and transmit the beam of the second polarization component to the incident beam as is known. have.

On the other hand, the disparity image convergence unit is composed of a galvano scanner 23 and two lenses 22, 24 disposed before and after the galvano scanner 23, and around the pupil 28 of the eye. 1 satisfies the condition of FIG. 1 in such a manner as to form two or more convergence points 25, 26, 27.

The galvano scanner 23 may comprise a combination of galvano mirrors (not shown), and as is known, galvano mirrors include a reflecting mirror and a drive for rotating the reflecting mirror.

In particular, the laser light source 18 is operated in a pulse mode to prevent parallax images from being blurred in the vibration direction due to the vibration of the galvano scanner 23. Therefore, by adjusting the focal length of the lens 22 and the lens 24 and the oscillation angle of the galvano scanner 23 so that two or more convergence points can be provided within the minimum diameter of the pupil, the focusing function can always be satisfied. do. For example, the vibration angle of the galvano scanner 23 is about 4 °, and the focal lengths of the lens 22 and the lens 24 are about 100 mm and about 104 mm, respectively.

Further, the distance between the lens 22 and the galvano scanner 23 is about 200 mm, the distance between the galvano scanner 23 and the lens 24 is about 400 mm, and the distance between the lens 24 and the eye is about It is 318 mm.

3 is a configuration diagram of a binocular three-dimensional image display device formed by combining two three-dimensional image display devices of FIG. 2 to satisfy a focus control function for each eye and to provide binocular disparity for both eyes. It is divided into a three-dimensional image display device 29 for use and a three-dimensional image display device 30 for the right eye.

Since the left eye 3D image display apparatus and the right eye 3D image display apparatus have the same components as those of FIG. 2, description thereof will be omitted. However, for the combination of these two devices, a mirror 31 having two surfaces reflected or transflected is used.

The mirror 31 is manufactured to be movable up and down 31-1 in order to control the difference between the two eyes because the distance 32-1 between two eyes is different for each person. Preferably, the mirror 31 is configured to be movable in the range of ± 2.5mm when the distance between both eyes is 65mm ± 5mm.

The device of FIG. 2 applies only parallax in the horizontal direction, and provides only one parallax in the vertical direction, thereby limiting the viewer's vertical freedom. However, focusing is always satisfied. That is, when the principle of FIG. 1 is applied in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the degree of freedom of the viewer in the vertical direction also disappears. Experimental results as shown in FIG. 4 are presented as evidence that focusing is always possible with the apparatus of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 shows a result of performing a focus adjustment experiment on monoculars using the 3D image display device of FIG. 2. When three vertical lines existing at different depths are displayed in three-dimensional space, FIG. It was taken with a video camera in focus.

The results of FIGS. 4A to 4C show satisfaction of focusing when the number of parallax image convergence points is 20 at a diameter of 3 mm larger than the minimum diameter of the pupil.

In FIG. 4A, when the focus is adjusted to a vertical line at a distance of 30 cm from the eye, the other two vertical lines are blurred and only the vertical line at a 30 cm position is clear. In addition, in FIG. 4B, only the vertical line at a position 50 cm away from the pupil became clear, and in FIG. 4C, only the vertical line at a position 120 cm away from the pupil became clear.

Accordingly, it can be seen from these results that the focus of the eye can be adjusted to the virtual three-dimensional vertical lines provided from the 3D image display device.

The results of FIGS. 4E to 4G show that the focusing function is satisfied in the same manner as in FIGS. 4A to 4C by using only two parallax image convergence points at a diameter of 3 mm. Here, the same results were obtained in three focusing experiments with general uncorrected and corrected vision.

Referring to FIGS. 4E to 4G, the blur of the vertical line is changed into a split into two lines, which is caused by the reduction of the number of parallax images representing one vertical line to two. The degree of blurring becomes natural.

5 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed self-emitting flat panel display 40, the lens 44, the pinhole shutter array 45, 46, 47 and the lens 48 It is configured to include).

The time-divisional parallax images 41, 42, and 43 of the fast self-emission flat panel display 40 have a pinhole shutter array 45 having pinholes distributed evenly on both the horizontal plane and the vertical plane on the hyperplane 49 of the lens 44. , 46, 47 sequentially. In this case, a parallax image may be obtained by using only the pinhole shutter arrays 45, 46, and 47 without using the lens 44. The time-divided parallax images thus selected are formed on the convergence plane 53 by the lens 48 to form convergence points 50, 51, and 52 of the disparity images, and the parallax image capable of focus adjustment is applied to the eye 54. To provide.

6 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional image display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and includes a pulse mode light source, a high speed flat panel display device 55, and a lens 62.

The flat panel display 55 is a reflective or transmissive high-speed flat panel display using parallax images 59, 60, and 61 using pulse mode light sources 56, 57, and 58 corresponding to a desired number of parallax images. ). These parallax images form temporal division convergence points 63, 64, 65 of the parallax images 59, 60, and 61 on the convergence plane 66 of the lens by the lens 62. Through this process, a parallax image capable of adjusting focus is provided to the eye 67.

Figures 1 to 6 and the experimental results are all corresponding to the horizontal direction, the vertical direction of Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6 can be implemented in the same manner as the horizontal direction. In addition, the horizontal result of FIG. 4 indicates that focusing can also be performed in the vertical direction when the convergence points in the vertical direction are provided.

As described so far, according to the three-dimensional image display apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional image display apparatus that satisfies the eye focusing function in the horizontal or vertical direction.

Therefore, due to binocular disparity in the process of perceiving real scenes and stereoscopic images, as well as non-visual problems such as eye fatigue or dizziness that may occur after viewing stereoscopic images for a long time, the naturalness or presence of 3D images It has the effect to complement.

Claims (12)

At least two or more parallax images, including a pulsed mode laser diode as a laser light source, a light diffuser for uniformly diffusing light from the pulsed mode laser diode, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal display as a light modulator for modulating the diffused light A parallax image providing unit for providing; And And a disparity image converging unit for converging disparity images provided from the disparity image providing unit around the pupil of the eye. delete delete delete The method of claim 1, wherein the parallax image converging unit, A monocular three-dimensional image display device comprising a galvano scanner and two lenses arranged before and after the galvano scanner, and forming two or more convergence points around the pupil of the eye. The monocular three-dimensional image display of claim 5, wherein the vibration angle of the galvano scanner is about 4 °, and the focal lengths of the two lenses are about 100 mm and about 104 mm, respectively. At least two or more parallax images, including a pulsed mode laser diode as a laser light source, a light diffuser for uniformly diffusing light from the pulsed mode laser diode, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal display as a light modulator for modulating the diffused light A parallax image providing unit for providing; And a three-dimensional image display device for a left eye and a three-dimensional image display device for a right eye using a three-dimensional image display device including a parallax image converging unit for converging parallax images provided from the parallax image providing unit around an eye pupil. Each constitutes; And a movable mirror between the left eye 3D image display device and the right eye 3D image display device to adjust a distance between both eyes. The binocular three-dimensional image display device according to claim 7, wherein the mirror is movable within a range of ± 2.5 mm when a distance between the two eyes is 65 mm ± 5 mm. A fast self-emitting flat panel display for providing time division parallax images; A pinhole shutter array that sequentially selects time division parallax images provided from the high speed self-emission flat panel display; Lens means for forming convergence points of time-divisional disparity images selected from the pinhole shutter array on a predetermined convergence plane; And And a second lens means provided between the self-emission flat panel display and the pinhole shutter array to form convergence points of the time-divided images on a predetermined hyperplane. delete The monocular three-dimensional image display device according to claim 9, wherein the pinhole shutter array includes pinholes that are evenly distributed horizontally or both horizontally and vertically. delete

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