KR100604175B1 - A high voltage substation with high endurance level against earthquake - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-voltage substation with improved endurance level against earthquake. The present invention relates to an electrical installation (6,7) and a power distribution device (1,2) on a support (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17). 3, insulators 8, 9, 10 and 11, comprising bending conductors 18, 19 and 20 with non-embedded foundations 22 and granulating material. The layers 24 are connected to each other with the power transformer 4 on the ground 21, and the case 25 and the non-embedded foundation portion 22 of the intermediate power transformer 4 are directly and integrally connected in a solid and granular form. The cooperative braking position movement of the material layer 24 and stable equilibrium are possible, and the banding leads 18, 19 and 20 are clips 26, 27 and 28 that are tightly connected to the base 22 of the transformer 4. ) And power distribution devices (1, 2, 3) comprising clips (29, 30, 31) connected to the bases (32, 33, 34) of the electrical installation, and bending banding conductors in a manner of corresponding stress relaxation. Between the clips (26, 27, 28 and 29, 30, 31) All.

Improved seismic performance, non-embedded foundations, granular materials and banding leads

Description

High voltage substation with improved seismic performance {a high voltage substation with high endurance level against earthquake}

1 is a bird's eye view of a high-voltage substation.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction III-III of FIG. 1.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the IV-IV direction of FIG. 3.

5 is a partial elevation view of a high-voltage substation with improved seismic performance after an earthquake.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1,2,3: power distribution device 4: transformer

6,7: electrical installation 8-11: insulator

12-17: Supporting part 18-20: Bending lead

22: Foundation 23: Spandral Girder

24: granular material layer 26, 27, 28-29, 30, 31: clip

The present invention relates to the field of power technology. Specifically, the invention relates to a high-voltage substation with resistance to earthquakes. In particular, the present invention is primarily concerned with the structural problems of outdoor substations in low-level arrangements.

The structure of outdoor high-voltage substations, which can be seen frequently, is roughly divided into two basic types: the traditional structure of a high-placement substation is one of them. The conductors of these substations are secured to dedicated busbars in distribution mini rooms and track portals, and the electrical installations of these portals, their supports and the foundations of power transformers are embedded in the soil in which they are located at different depths in the various structures described above. Substations of this type occupy a land area of relatively large assembly units, requiring huge investment, labor consumption, material consumption and construction period.

The second type is a low level substation with a modern non-frame structure. The leads are connected directly to electrical installations or insulators on the lower support, and the lower support is installed on the non-embedded foundation in most situations.

In this type of substation, the foundation of the power transformer does not need to be deeply buried, but it can be installed in a stable bed of granular material. Foundation-free foundations refer to foundations consisting of some flat-reinforced concrete elements, which are placed on boards and cross girders that do not need to be buried in some soil. Under the same power network and installation, the cost of manufacturing a second type of substation building is very low, because it requires minimum external dimensions, minimum installation units, minimum labor consumption and material consumption, and the shortest construction period.

In recent years, high-strength earthquakes frequently occur. In this case, the breakdown can be found as follows.

-The probability of breakage of electrical distribution equipment in high-level substations is greater than that of lower-level substations.

-In the high level substation or the low level substation, many breakdowns are caused by the position shift of the power transformer. The occurrence of this displacement is highly related to the quality of the power transformer and causes the bushings of the transformer and the associated power plant leads of the high voltage distribution system to be disconnected. If the bushing is cut, the oil tank of the transformer breaks and the oil of the transformer leaks.

The following is the result of the study on the cause of the failure of the transformer.

-Install on the rail of the ground without buried or buried so that the transformer can be moved by roller. In most situations, transformers fall off rails or travel 0.5 meters along rails due to earthquakes.

-Rigidity “seismic” bolt fixings will break or bend due to vibration in many situations if the transformer is fixed to rails or directly buried in a foundation. At the same time, the observation shows that the position of the transformer has moved a distance of 0.3 meters.

These accidents destroyed the power supply, causing huge economic losses. As a result, experts from many countries have actively sought out new technologies to improve the seismic performance of high-voltage substations constructed in areas with high seismic activity.

A widely used method to solve this problem has secured the transformer to be stable in the event of an intense earthquake by tightly connecting the transformer with heavy, large buried ground and soil. The shortcomings of this solution for transformer stability can be converged: The dynamic loads on the entire basic components of the transformer have increased significantly, so that their structural and mechanical properties must be greatly strengthened, and high labor consumption, materials It requires consumption and high manufacturing cost. The above-mentioned drawbacks were to be expected. In particular, the task of ensuring the seismic performance of substations was solved by preventing adverse earthquake damage.

Under most circumstances, the foundation that does not require the laying of high-voltage substation transformers is made of assembled reinforced concrete blocks fixed on rails. Rails are installed in gravel layers of sandstone and rubble. At the same time, within the area between and around the block, the area around the oil trap, a layer of large rubble or rhyolite is left unattended, and the concrete back sheet is used to separate a stable layer of filler material, Used to extinguish a fire caused by In addition to the drawbacks mentioned above, the structure of fixing such a transformer to a rail arbitrarily requires the consumption of a large amount of granular material and a relatively high construction labor.

The basic task of the present invention is to increase the seismic performance of the high-voltage substation and to simplify its structure, and to prevent the large dynamic load and breakage caused by the intense earthquake through the method of protecting the electrical equipment of the power transformer and the connected high-voltage distribution device. It is to use the position movement occurred at the installation point. In particular, by using the position shift of the transformer to reduce the dynamic load acting on it.

According to the present invention, it is possible to design or build a substation by applying an electric equipment which is frequently used arbitrarily. Their construction is an uncomplicated metal and reinforced concrete frame structure. Depending on the specific conditions, components of this type of substation can be prepared in whole or in part at the factory. The fabrication of any of these components, eg reinforced concrete, can be made at the construction site. This type of substation can be applied to any high voltage electrical network system in a typical earthquake increasing area. The substation designed in the present invention can improve the seismic performance and at the same time significantly reduce the external dimensions to reduce the manufacturing cost, shorten the construction deadline, and reduce the material consumption and construction labor.

According to the present invention, an insulator (8) of an electrical installation (6,7) and a power distribution device (1,2,3) on a support (12,13,14,15,16,17) in a high-voltage substation with improved seismic performance. , 9, 10, and 11, connecting the bending conductors 18, 19, and 20 with a foundation not buried in soil 22 and a layer of granulation material 24 ) And the casing 25 and the non-embedded foundation 22 of the intermediate power transformer 4 are directly and integrally connected to each other so that the granular material layer 24 ) And the stable braking position of the cooperative braking position, and the bending conductors (18, 19, 20) are connected to the base (22) of the transformer (4) (26, 27, 28) and the power distribution device (1,2,3) clips (29, 30, 31) connected to the foundations (32, 33, 34) of the electrical installation, and the banding leads are clipped (26, 27) by stress relaxation. , 28, 29, 30, 31, the layer of granular material 24 That consisting of a gravel or yulseok average 30-70 mm relates to a high-voltage substation that improves the seismic performance of its features.

Here, the banding leads 18, 19, and 20 clips 26, 27, and 28 at the front of the bushings 35, 36, and 37 of the transformer 4 are connected to the transformer through the insulators 40, 41, and 42. Is firmly fixed to the supports 38, 39 of the foundation 22 of the non-embedded transformer 4, which is in cooperative position with the non-embedded transformer 4, the non-embedded foundation 22 of the transformer 4 being an elastic foundation and It is desirable to carry out fire extinguishing in the event of fire.

The problem raised above is solved through the following methods. High voltage substations operating in high earthquake or normal earthquake zones are used in the distribution of power distribution devices to be attached to the support and for the bending of wires with insulators. Connect with the installed transformer. According to the present invention, the case of each transformer is directly connected to the non-embedded foundation, so that when a strong earthquake occurs, the granules of the granular material layer are braked to each other and the position does not move to maintain a stable equilibrium. At the same time, one side of the flexible conductor is fastened on the base of the transformer with a clip, the other side is fastened on the base of each power distribution unit with a clip, and the conductor is placed between these clips in a way of tension relaxation.

The simplified structure plan of the substation with improved seismic performance has a series of new characteristics. In substations, the casing of each power transformer and the foundations that are not buried are directly connected, ie, firmly connected without support, to become a new unit called “transformer – foundation not embedded in soil” that does not have a fixed connection with a single ground.

One of these characteristics is improved transformer stability. This is directly proportional to the total weight of the transformer and the foundation union, which does not need to be buried, and is inversely proportional to the height of the supporting area and the center of mass that limit from the non- buried foundation surface.

 The second important characteristic is that the transformer can be braked forward and move its position in the event of an intense earthquake.

The third important characteristic of this structure is that, in the event of an intense earthquake, this dynamic displacement of the transformer can be used to reduce the dynamic load the transformer receives.

The clip of the banding conductor, which tightly connects the power transformer foundation and the power equipment foundation of the power distribution system, protects the transformer and the bushings of the electrical installation, thus avoiding the dynamic stress caused by the displacement of the transformer in the event of a strong earthquake. At the same time, according to the amount of displacement of the transformer, the banding leads are installed by using the stress relaxation method to have the necessary compensation capability.

In many situations, for example, where the conductor must pass through an object on a road or other substation, it is desirable to secure the banding conductor clip in front of the transformer's inlet side to an insulator support at the base of the non-embedded transformer that co-moves with the transformer. The buried transformer foundation can be made in the form of a spandrel girder, stretched as needed. Spandal girder acts as a foundation that does not bury in soil. In most situations, the best mechanical performance of the foundation is seen when its support surface has the optimal dimensions and when there is a distance to observe and vent between the bottom of the transformer and the granular material.

It is recommended to proceed in the following ways. The banding lead clip on one side of the power distribution unit is secured to a support securely fixed to the non-embedded foundation spandular girder with insulator, so that this base is the common base of the insulator and power distribution unit power equipment described above.

At the same time, the outdoor power distribution unit and the support of the insulator and their connection with them are optionally connected directly to the ground, or form their own spanned space frame with a non-embedded foundation spandular girder of a uniform elastic layer of granular material. This simplifies the structure and installation and at the same time improves the seismic performance of the distribution unit basic components. This is because if the frame center of mass is not high, the support surface has a relatively large external dimension. It is also because they improve their elasticity and there is no rigid connection with the ground.

Depending on the function of the transformer, the seismic thermal conditions, the characteristics of the granular material, the expected values of the displacement of the transformer in the event of an earthquake, and the requirements for braking them, the non-embedded foundation spandular girders of the transformer may be For example, it can be placed on the surface of the stone. Or the base portion may be installed in a layer of granular material, for example in gravel or the like.

In order to simplify the structure, the granular material layer is preferably composed of gravel or talc with a kernel diameter of 30-50 mm on average, and under these conditions they are the elastic foundation of the non-embedded foundation of the power transformer, at the same time as the seismic energy dissipation on the transformer, Acts as a fire extinguisher in transformer oil.

The present invention relates to an electrical installation (6,7) and a power distribution device (1,2) on a support (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) in a high-voltage substation with improved endurance level against earthquake. 3, the insulators 8, 9, 10, and 11 are included, and the bending conductors 18, 19, and 20 are connected with a foundation not buried in soil 22 and granules ( granulation material layer 24 is connected to the power transformer 4 on the ground 21, and the case 25 and the non-embedded foundation 22 of the intermediate power transformer 4 are directly and integrally connected directly to each other. The cooperative braking position movement and stable equilibrium of the granular material layer 24 are enabled, and the bending leads 18, 19, 20 are clips 26, 27 securely connected to the base 22 of the transformer 4. 28 and clips 29, 30 and 31 connected to the foundations 32, 33 and 34 of the electrical installations 1, 2 and 3, wherein a suitable method of stress relaxation is Assemble the banding leads to clips 26, 27, 28 and 29, 30, 31 It relates to a high-voltage substations which are used to improve the seismic performance key.

Here, the banding leads 18, 19, and 20 clips 26, 27, and 28 at the front of the bushings 35, 36, and 37 of the transformer 4 are connected to the transformer through the insulators 40, 41, and 42. Is firmly fixed to the supporting parts 38 and 39 of the foundation part 22 of the non-embedded transformer 4 which moves in cooperative position with the foundation part 22 of the non-embedded transformer 4. It is preferred to include a girder (spandrel girder) 23, the ratio of the bending conductors (18, 19, 20) of one side of the power distribution device (1, 2, 3) having the insulator (8, 9, 10) The buried foundations 32, 33, 34 are fixed to the spanner girders 43, 44, 45 support 14, 15, 16, and the foundations 32, 33, 34 are provided with the insulators 8, 9, 10) and power distribution devices (1, 2, 3) It is preferable that they are the common foundation of electrical equipment.

On the other hand, the spandral girder 23 of the non-embedded foundation 22 of the transformer 4 is preferably installed on the surface of the granular material layer 24, and the non-embedded foundation of the transformer 4 ( It is preferable to sink the portion of the spandular girder 23 of 22) into the granular material layer 24, which granule material layer 24 is made of gravel or tartar with an average particle diameter of 30-70 mm. It is preferable that the non-embedded foundation part 22 of the power transformer 4 is an elastic foundation part and performs extinguishing in the event of a fire in the transformer oil.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the detailed description and accompanying drawings of a high-voltage substation having improved seismic performance constructed by the present invention.

The high-voltage substation includes a relatively high voltage power distribution device 1 (FIG. 1), a medium voltage power distribution device 2, a total power distribution device 3 of low voltage external equipment, a power transformer 4, and a self-preparation power distribution box 5. do. The power distribution unit electrical installations 6, 7 and the insulators 8, 9, 10, 11 fixed to the supports 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 (see Fig. 2) are the bending conductors 18, 19, 20. ) To the power transformer (4). A power transformer 4 made of a spandal girder 23 (see FIG. 4) and a non-embedded foundation 22 made of a layer of granular material 24 is installed on the ground 21 (see FIG. 3). The case 25 of the intermediate power transformer 4 and its non-embedded foundation 22 are directly and firmly connected together to enable a cooperative braking position movement and stable equilibrium along the granular material layer 24 even during an intense earthquake. .

At the same time, one of the banding leads 18, 19, 20 is connected with the clips 26, 27, 28 which are firmly connected to the base 22 of the transformer 4. The other end is connected with the clips 29, 30, 31 connected to the power distribution devices 1, 2 and the foundations 32, 33, 34 of the electric power installations 6, 7 in the entire power distribution device 3. . In addition, a banding conductor is installed between the clips in the manner of corresponding stress relaxation. The clips 26, 27, 28 of the bending conductors 18, 19, 20 in front of the bushings 35, 36, 37 of the transformer 4 have supports 38, 39 having insulators 40, 41, 42. It is connected through. The supports 38, 39 are securely fastened to the foundation 22 of the non-embedded transformer, which moves in cooperative position with the transformer. The foundation 22 of the transformer 4, which is not embedded, appears in the form of two spandular girders 23, which are then elongated on demand. The foundations (32, 33, 34), which are not buried, are made of spandral girders (43, 44, 45), and the insulator (8) and the electrical equipment (6), the insulator (9) and the electrical equipment (7), respectively. It is a common foundation of the insulator 10 and the power distribution device 3 provided in the power distribution box 5. The support 12, 14 of the electrical installation 6 of the power distribution device 1 and the supports 12, 14 of the insulator 8 and the spandral girders 43 of the non-embedded foundation 32 rigidly connected thereto are optionally directly on the ground 21. It is placed or installed on a layer of granular material which is uniform or elastic. An elastic space frame 46 supporting weight by itself without being connected to the ground 21 was formed. The space frames 47 and 48 of the other electrical equipment supporting the power distribution apparatus 1 and the insulator 49 of the non-portal conductor are realized by the same method.

In the event of an intense earthquake, the power transformer 4 (FIG. 5) moves in the granular material layer 24, such as the spandral girder 23 and the supports 38, 39 of the foundation 22, the distance of which is L value. to be. The value will not exceed 30-50 cm for most models of transformers. When the transformer 4 is moved to one side of the power distribution apparatus 1, the stress-releasing conductors 18, 19, and 20 occupy the positions of the conductors 18 ', 19', and 20 '. 6 and 7 enter the conductor of the power distribution apparatus 3.

However, the stress on the bushings 35, 36, 37 of the transformer 4 does not change. A method of preventing damage to the transformer 4 during an earthquake is to reduce the dynamic load acting thereon by about half to protect it. The dynamic load is determined by the cooperative position movement of the transformer 4 and its foundation 22 over the granular material layer 24 and is also determined by the seismic reduction characteristics of the material layer.

In the substation in the embodiment, the two spandular girders 23 of the base part 22 are made of the reinforced concrete part 50 and the metal part 51 which are connected along the reinforcement length. At the same time, the portion of the spandular girder 23 is settled in the granular material layer 24 composed of gravel or talc, which has an average particle diameter of 30-70 mm, and the granular material layer 24 is also used in the ratio of the power transformer 4. It is an elastic foundation of the buried foundation 22, an earthquake energy reducer acting on it, and also a fire extinguisher in the event of a fire in the oil of a transformer. Various arrangements of foundations made of three or more spandal girders are also possible. In addition, the foundation and its spandular girders, which are not embedded, may be of a different kind of structure and form compared to the totally certified embodiment. In the cited embodiment, in order to simplify the installation, the power transformer 4 and the support parts 38 and 39 are detachable and attachable in a detachable manner when connected to the spandral girder 23 of the base part 22. It is realized by connecting. The leads can be completed with the rigidity provided by the tension support added as needed. However, the clip on the transformer side should be realized using the support of the insulator fixed to the transformer case.

The technical solution provided here can be extended to various types of high-voltage substations, and the substations of this type are constructed by applying various models of electric devices and electric distribution devices of electric circuits.

While exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to these exact embodiments, but various modifications and changes are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following appended claims. It is apparent to those skilled in the art.

The present invention improves the seismic performance of the high-voltage substation and at the same time simplifies its structure and prevents the large dynamic load and damage caused by the intense earthquake through the method of protecting the electrical equipment of the power transformer and the connected high-voltage distribution device, and at the same time the installation point of the transformer You can use the location movement that occurred at. In particular, the position shift of the transformer can be used to reduce the dynamic load acting on it.

Claims (3)

In the high pressure substation with improved seismic performance, Electrical insulators 6,7 on supports 12,13,14,15,16,17 and insulators 8,9,10,11 of power distribution devices 1,2,3, The bending conductors (18, 19, 20) are connected to a foundation not buried in soil (22) and the granulation material layer (24) is connected to a power transformer on the ground (21). 4), The case 25 and the non-embedded foundation portion 22 of the intermediate power transformer 4 are directly and integrally connected directly to allow the cooperative braking position movement of the granular material layer 24 and stable equilibrium, The bending conductors 18, 19, and 20 are connected to the foundations 22 of the transformer 4, and the foundations 32, 33, 34, and clips 29, 30, and 31, The bending leads are coupled to the clips 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31 by stress relaxation, The granular material layer 24 is composed of gravel or calculus having an average particle diameter of 30-70 mm. High pressure substation with improved seismic performance. The method of claim 1, Banding leads (18, 19, 20) clips (26, 27, 28) on the front of the bushings (35, 36, 37) of the transformer (4) cooperate with the transformer through the insulators (40, 41, 42). Securely fixed to the supports 38, 39 of the foundation 22 of the non-embedded transformer 4 High pressure substation with improved seismic performance. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The non-embedded foundation part 22 of the transformer 4 is an elastic foundation part, characterized in that fire extinguishing is carried out in the event of a fire in the transformer oil. High pressure substation with improved seismic performance.

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