KR100596178B1 - Pollution reduction apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke reduction device for a vehicle for reducing smoke emitted from an engine of a vehicle. The smoke reduction device 300 according to the present invention has one side to an exhaust pipe (P) through which exhaust gas generated from an engine of the vehicle flows. The centrifugal separator 330 which is coupled to at least one or more exhaust gas injection pipe 310 to form a flow passage of the exhaust gas, and forcibly collides with the exhaust gas to coarsen the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas by centrifugation. And a collecting tube 340 fastened to the bottom of the centrifuge and collecting particulate matter separated from the centrifuge, and a discharge pipe 350 communicating with the top of the centrifuge to discharge the filtered gas to the atmosphere. A portion of the gas inlet tube surrounding the exhaust pipe is provided with a wire mesh 312 so that the exhaust gas collides to coarse particulate matter, and between the wire mesh and the exhaust gas inlet tube. Is circular catalyst 313 for removing heat by oxidizing the nanoparticles of the particulate matter have been filled. The present invention has the effect of creating a clean atmospheric environment by releasing the filtered gas to the atmosphere by removing the nanoparticles by oxidizing and removing the remaining particulate matter by forcibly colliding and coarse after removing the particulate matter from the engine of the vehicle. have.

Description

Pollution reduction apparatus for vehicle

1 and 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the vehicle smoke reduction device according to the prior art,

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction device of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

4A to 4C are schematic views illustrating a process of coarsening and removing particulate matter contained in exhaust gas through an important part of the smoke reduction apparatus of the vehicle illustrated in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a smoke reduction device of the vehicle shown in FIG. 3;

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of the smoke reduction device of the vehicle shown in FIG.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a schematic perspective view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

  ♠ Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing ♠

300: smoke reduction device 310: exhaust gas injection pipe

311: taper portion 312: wire mesh

313: prototype catalyst 320: air supply pipe

330: centrifuge 331: impingement plate

332: check valve 333: fixed ring

340: collecting container 341: fastening means

342: prevention film 350: discharge pipe

360: Vortex tube 361: Conical control valve

362: high temperature catalyst device 370: silencer

380: air supply box 381: connector

The present invention relates to a smoke reduction device of a vehicle, and in particular, to remove nanoparticles by oxidizing and removing the remaining particulate matter by forcibly colliding by removing the particulate matter from the exhaust of the engine of the vehicle to remove only the filtered gas. The present invention relates to a smoke reduction device for a vehicle installed in a part of the exhaust pipe.

Vehicle exhaust gas contains particulate matter that is harmful to humans due to incomplete combustion of fuel. Conventionally, in order to remove such particulate matter, an additive for promoting combustion is injected together with a fuel. However, since the additive is consumable, a large cost is required.

In addition, conventionally, it was intended to remove particulate matter using a soot filtration device. Such a soot filtration device 100 has a housing 110 formed with an inlet 111 and an outlet 112 as shown in FIG. 1, and is spaced apart in the longitudinal direction in the housing 110 and has a plurality of honeycomb shapes therein. A plurality of ceramic filters 120 having passages formed therebetween, and one end of the ceramic filter 120 is composed of a blocking film 130 is alternately installed to seal. At this time, the ceramic filter 120 is provided with a heating wire that generates heat by receiving power. The soot filtration device 100 configured as described above filters particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas through the ceramic filter 120 and burns the thus filtered particulate matter in a hot wire provided in the ceramic filter 120 to filter soot.

However, when the particulate matter excessively accumulates in the passage in the ceramic filter 120, the particulate filter may temporarily cause back pressure and may cause a problem in engine output. There is a risk of damage.

In addition, a technique for removing particulate matter is a "soot reduction device for vehicles using a centrifugal rotor" described in Korean Patent No. 276516. The technical contents are briefly described as follows.

As shown in Figure 2, the smoke reduction device 200 of the Republic of Korea Patent No. 276516 is installed on the inner circumferential surface of the housing 220 to adsorb the insulating film 230 and the harmful particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas to insulate Installed through the housing 220, the heat insulating film 230, and the heating film 240 so that a heating wire is formed therein so as to combust the fuel, and the exhaust gas is injected into the internal space of the heating film 240. Injection tube 210 is included. In addition, the conventional smoke reduction device 200 is rotated by the flow rate of the gas injected into the injection pipe 210 to provide a centrifugal force for adsorbing harmful particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas on the surface of the heating film 240 And a discharge pipe 260 installed through the heating membrane 240, the insulation membrane 230, and the housing 220 to discharge the filtered gas from which the particulate matter is removed to the atmosphere.

The soot reduction apparatus 200 configured as described above is rotated by the flow rate of the exhaust gas as the polluted exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the engine is injected into the internal space of the heating membrane 240 through the injection pipe 210. The centrifugal force is generated by rotation, and the exhaust gas is led to the heating film 240 by the centrifugal force, and harmful particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is adsorbed on the surface of the heating film 240. At this time, the particulate matter is burned by the heating of the heating film 240, the filtered gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge pipe 260.

However, the soot reduction apparatus 200 not only has to supply a separate power source for combustion because it burns and removes particulate matter, and burns only particulate matter of a predetermined size or more adsorbed to the heating film 240. There is a limit to the removal of fine particulate matter because it is removed by.

In addition, Korean Utility Model Registration No. 299650 mentions a technique for "soot reduction device" for coarse separation and removal of particulate matter using the principle of centrifugation. Unlike the above technologies, this technique coarsely separates and removes particulate matter, so that the efficiency of soot reduction is improved, but nanoparticles that are not coarse are discharged to the atmosphere without being removed. There are disadvantages.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the nanoparticles are removed by oxidizing and removing the particulate matter from the exhaust of the engine of the vehicle and the other particulate matter is forced to collide by coarse separation It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke reduction device for a vehicle to remove and discharge the filtered gas.

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for reducing smoke in a vehicle of the present invention includes at least one exhaust gas inlet pipe coupled to one side of an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas generated in the engine of the vehicle flows to form a flow passage of the exhaust gas. And a centrifugal separator forcibly colliding the exhaust gas to coarse and centrifuging particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, and a collecting container for collecting particulate matter separated from the centrifuge by being fastened to the lower end of the centrifugal separator. And a discharge pipe communicating with an upper end of the centrifugal separator and discharging the filtered gas to the atmosphere, wherein a portion of the exhaust gas injection pipe surrounding the circumference of the exhaust pipe collides with the exhaust gas so that the particulate matter becomes coarse. A nanoparticle among particulate matters between the wire mesh and the exhaust gas injection pipe. It is characterized in that the prototype catalysts are oxidized and removed.

In the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the vehicle smoke reduction device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

<First Embodiment>

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4A to 4C are particulates included in exhaust gas through an important portion of the smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle shown in FIG. 3. A schematic diagram illustrating the process of coarsening and removing matter. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the smoke reduction apparatus of the vehicle illustrated in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of the smoke reduction apparatus of the vehicle illustrated in FIG. 5.

As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the smoke reduction device 300 of the vehicle of the present invention is coupled to one side of the exhaust pipe (P) through which the exhaust smoke generated from the engine of the vehicle is discharged and the tapered portion so that the diameter is smaller The exhaust gas injection pipe 310, the air supply pipe 320 for supplying the atmospheric air in communication with one side of the other end portion of the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, and by the air supplied from the air supply pipe 320 The centrifugal separator 330 forcibly colliding the exhaust gas having a sharply lowered temperature to coarse and separate the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, and is coupled to the lower end of the centrifugal separator 330 and separated from the centrifugal separator 330. A collecting container 340 for collecting particulate matter and a discharge pipe 350 communicating with the upper end of the centrifugal separator 330 to discharge the filtered gas to the atmosphere.

The smoke reduction device 300 of the present invention is closed without the end of the exhaust pipe (P) through which the smoke generated from the engine of the vehicle is discharged, and a plurality of holes are formed along the circumferential surface of the exhaust pipe (P). Exhaust gas injection pipe 310 is installed in a form that is wrapped around the end portion is coupled to the outer surface. The exhaust gas injection pipe 310 has a large diameter that can wrap around the exhaust pipe P, and has a taper portion 311 whose diameter decreases gradually. In addition, the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 has the same small diameter as the end of the tapered portion 311 for a predetermined length from the end of the tapered portion 311. The taper 311 allows the exhaust gas to flow toward the centrifuge 330 at a higher speed, and coarsens the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas by colliding with its surface.

In addition, a wire mesh (312) in which the exhaust gas collides to have a predetermined space between the exhaust pipe (P) in the portion surrounding the exhaust pipe (P) in the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 to coarse the particulate matter (wire mesh; 312) Is installed.

In addition, between the wire mesh 312 and the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, the ceramics are filled with a circular catalyst 313 coated with platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh) and the like. Accordingly, the nanoparticles of the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas generated from the engine are oxidized and removed by the circular catalyst 313, and the remaining particulate matter collides with the wire mesh 312 and the circular catalyst 313 to centrifuge 330. Is supplied.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, at the initial start of the engine (low temperature), nanoparticles of the particulate matter included in the exhaust gas are deposited on the surface of the prototype catalyst 313 to form voids between the prototype catalysts 313. After filling, the remaining particulate matter is coarsened and fed to the centrifuge 330. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the pores between the circular catalysts 313 are filled by the nanoparticles, the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas collides with the surface of the wire mesh 312 and the circular catalyst 313. Is supplied to the centrifuge 330 in a coarse state. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the engine is heated (high temperature state), the nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the circular catalyst 313 are oxidized due to the circular catalyst 313 heated by the heat of the exhaust gas and thus the circular catalyst. Gaps between 313 are secured. Accordingly, the nanoparticles in the particulate matter included in the exhaust gas are oxidized and removed by the circular catalyst 313 while flowing along the pores between the circular catalysts 313, and the remaining particulate matter is removed from the wire mesh 312 and the circular catalyst ( It flows along the voids between the 313 and becomes more coarse and fed to the centrifuge 330.

Smoke reduction device 300 of the present invention is that the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 as described above is installed in at least one or more exhaust pipe (P), the number can vary depending on the atmospheric pressure resistance. In this embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, three exhaust gas injection pipes 310 are formed as an example.

The air supply pipe 320 is installed in communication with the small diameter portion of the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, and has a diameter smaller than the small diameter of the injection pipe 310. Therefore, when the exhaust gas flows along the exhaust gas inlet tube 310, the cool atmospheric air is introduced into the exhaust gas inlet tube 310 at high speed along the air supply pipe 320 by the Venturi principle and mixed with the exhaust gas. do. As a result, the exhaust gas drops rapidly in temperature. That is, the air supply pipe 320 is used to selectively reduce the exhaust gas temperature to coarsen the particulate matter, and to further increase the smoke reduction efficiency.

The centrifugal separator 330 forcibly collides with the exhaust gas whose temperature is rapidly lowered by atmospheric air, thereby coping and separating the coarse particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, and serves as a silencer to reduce noise. The impingement plate 331 allows a gas to be forced to collide. The impingement plate 331 is installed to be inclined with the flow direction in which the exhaust gas flows so that the exhaust gas is forced to collide, so that the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is more coarsened. That is, the particulate matter collides secondly with the taper portion 311 of the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 and then collides with the collision plate 331 in a third manner, thereby gradually becoming entangled, coalescing, flocculating, and surface growth. Coarse At this time, the cold atmospheric air supplied through the air supply pipe 320 is mixed with the exhaust gas to form water vapor, which promotes entanglement, coalescence, aggregation and surface growth between the particulate matter.

In addition, the centrifugal separator 330 is tapered to have the same diameter up to a predetermined height, and preferably has a check valve 332 capable of one-way discharge at the lower end. In addition, the centrifugal separator 330 and the impingement plate 331 may be configured of a heat sink or an aluminum plate to increase the cooling effect of the exhaust gas. The check valve 332 guides the particulate matter separated by the centrifuge 330 to be collected in the collecting container 340, and the particulate matter collected in the collecting container 340 does not flow to the centrifuge 330. Don't let that happen.

The collecting container 340 is to collect or separate the particulate matter separated from the centrifugal separator 330 by being separated or fastened to the bottom of the centrifugal separator 330, and is separated into the centrifuge 330 through the conventional fastening means 341. Or fastened. In addition, the collecting container 340 is provided with a barrier 342 to prevent the particulate matter collected therein from flowing toward the centrifuge 330. The barrier layer 342 has a trapezoidal shape or an inverted triangle shape. When the barrier layer 342 has a reverse triangle shape, a reverse flow of particulate matter may be prevented even if the check valve 332 is not provided at the bottom of the centrifuge 330. Can be.

Smoke reduction device 300 of the present invention is fixed to the lower portion of the vehicle using a fixing means such as the fixing ring 333 shown in FIG.

The soot reduction apparatus 300 of the present invention configured as described above is more preferably configured by installing a heat exchanger (not shown) to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the centrifuge 330. That is, by installing a heat exchanger before the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, it is possible to lower the temperature of the hot exhaust gas discharged from the engine of the vehicle. In addition, the smoke reduction device 300 of the present invention may effectively separate the particulate matter by connecting the blower or the compressor to the air supply pipe 320 to force the air.

In addition, the particulate matter reduction apparatus 300 of the present invention further installs another high temperature catalyst device (not shown) in the discharge pipe 350 so that the particulate matter (nanoparticles) that cannot be removed from the circular catalyst 313 and the centrifuge 330. It can also be removed.

In the following, it will be described in detail the operating relationship of the smoke reduction device of the vehicle of the present invention configured as described above.

As shown in Figure 3 to 6, when the smoke generated from the engine of the vehicle is supplied to the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, nanoparticles of the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is oxidized by a circular catalyst 313 After removal, the remaining particulate matter is first collided with the wire mesh 312 and the circular catalyst 313 and supplied to the centrifuge 330. The particulate matter from which the nanoparticles have been removed is grown by secondary collision with the surface of the tapered portion 311 of the exhaust gas injection tube 310. Then, along with the air supply pipe 320 communicating with the small diameter portion of the exhaust gas injection pipe 310, cold atmospheric air is introduced into the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 at high speed by the Venturi principle and mixed with the exhaust gas. As a result, the exhaust gas contains water vapor therein while the temperature drops sharply.

The exhaust gas having a sharp drop in temperature collides with the impingement plate 331 of the centrifugal separator 330 in a third order, thereby further causing particulate matter through entanglement, coalescence, aggregation, and surface growth between the particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas. It becomes coarse. The coarse particulate matter is gradually coarsened as it moves downward while forming a vortex along the inner wall of the centrifuge 330 and is collected in the collecting container 340 through the check valve 332. In addition, the filtered gas flows to the upper portion of the centrifuge 330 and is discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge pipe 350.

When particulate matter is collected in the collecting container 340 through the above process, the fastening means 341 is separated to separate the collecting container 340 from the centrifuge 330, and then replaced with a new collecting container. .

In the following, an example in which the present inventors experiment to test the performance of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

Experimental vehicles and experimental methods are as follows. Motor type: OM 662, manufacturer: Mercedez Benz, year: 1997, fuel: diesel, mileage: 170,000 km, inspection method: no load inspection, engine rpm: 4310. The smoke tester used the AVI 407B model manufactured by Samho.

As a result of the experiment, 22% of smoke was detected when the smoke reduction device was not installed, and 12% of smoke was detected when the "soot reduction device" described in Utility Model Registration No. 299650 was installed. When the "soot reduction apparatus 300" of the present invention was installed, 2% of soot was detected. That is, when the smoke reduction device 300 of the present invention is installed, it was confirmed that the smoke reduction efficiency of the vehicle is greatly improved.

Second Embodiment

The smoke reduction device 300A of the vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the smoke reduction device 300 of the first embodiment except that the configuration relationship of the discharge pipe through which the filtered gas is discharged through the centrifuge is different. Do. Accordingly, the same or similar reference numerals will be given to the same or similar components, and description thereof will be omitted herein.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the exhaust gas reducing device 300A of the present invention has one discharge pipe connected to the centrifuge 330 divided into two first and second discharge pipes 350A and 350A ′ at a predetermined point. have. A vortex tube 360 is installed inside the splitting points of the first and second discharge pipes 350A and 350A 'to move the filtered gas while forming a vortex toward the second discharge pipe 350A'. In addition, a conical control valve 361 is provided under the vortex tube 360 to adjust only a portion of the gas flowing while forming the vortex to flow toward the second discharge pipe 350A '. Accordingly, a portion of the gas flows through the conical control valve 361 toward the second discharge pipe 350A ', and the remaining gas impinges on the conical control valve 361 and then passes through the vortex tube 360 to the first discharge pipe 350A. Flow toward).

That is, the first discharge pipe 350A collides with the conical control valve 361 and the particulate matter remaining in the exhaust gas is separated to discharge the filtered exhaust gas more cleanly. In addition, the second discharge pipe 350A 'includes a high temperature catalyst device 362 for removing contaminants (including particulate matter) of the residual amount of exhaust gas flowing together with the separated particulate matter by colliding with the conical control valve 361. It is installed. Therefore, the exhaust gas filtered more cleanly is also discharged through the second discharge pipe 350A '.

The soot reduction apparatus 300A of the present invention configured as described above is more preferably configured by installing a heat exchanger (not shown) to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the centrifuge 330.

Third Embodiment

The smoke reduction apparatus 300B of the vehicle according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a smoke reduction apparatus 300 of the first embodiment except that the gas separated and filtered by the centrifugal separator 330 is discharged through the silencer. same. Accordingly, the same or similar reference numerals will be given to the same or similar components, and description thereof will be omitted herein.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the smoke reduction apparatus 300B of the present invention is configured to discharge the gas filtered in the centrifuge 330 into the discharge pipe 350B after passing through the silencer 370. Therefore, the smoke reduction device 300B of the present invention can reduce noise more effectively than in the first embodiment.

The soot reduction apparatus 300B of the present invention configured as described above is more preferably configured by installing a heat exchanger (not shown) to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the centrifuge 330.

Fourth Example

Exhaust reduction device 300C of the vehicle according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is a smoke reduction device 300 of the first embodiment except that the high-speed air generated when the vehicle is running to enter the air supply pipe 320 Same as). Accordingly, the same or similar reference numerals will be given to the same or similar components, and description thereof will be omitted herein.

9 is a schematic perspective view of a smoke reduction apparatus for a vehicle according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the soot reduction apparatus 300C of the present invention includes an air supply box 380 in which an air filter for filtering impurities contained in atmospheric air is embedded. The air supply box 380 is formed in a wire mesh structure so that atmospheric air can be smoothly supplied, and is installed at a portion where high-speed air is generated when the vehicle runs. That is, the air supply box 380 is preferably installed between the radiator grille and the radiator of the vehicle. The air supply box 380 is connected to the air supply pipe 320 through the connection pipe 381. Accordingly, the smoke reduction device 300C of the present invention generates high-speed atmospheric air while flowing in the exhaust gas injection pipe 310 while driving the vehicle to more efficiently cool the high-temperature exhaust gas and generate a lot of water vapor. Therefore, the soot reduction apparatus 300C of the present invention can coarse and remove the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas more quickly.

The smoke reduction device 300C of the present invention configured as described above has high speed atmospheric air generated when the vehicle is driven, and does not need to install a separate heat exchanger for cooling the exhaust gas. It may be installed as in the embodiment. In addition, the smoke reduction device 300C of the present invention may effectively separate the particulate matter by injecting air by connecting a blower or a compressor to the air supply box 380.

As described in detail above, the smoke reduction device of the vehicle of the present invention oxidizes and removes nanoparticles from the smoke particles discharged from the engine of the vehicle, and coarsely collides with the rest of the particulate matter, and then removes and removes the filtered gas to the atmosphere. It is effective to create clean air environment by discharging furnace.

In the above description of the technical details of the smoke reduction device of the vehicle of the present invention with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the best embodiment of the present invention by way of example and not limit the present invention.

In addition, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (7)

One side is coupled to an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas generated from the engine of the vehicle flows to form at least one exhaust gas inlet pipe forming a flow passage of the exhaust gas, and forcibly colliding the exhaust gas to be included in the exhaust gas. A centrifuge for coagulating and centrifuging particulate matter, a collecting vessel fastened to the bottom of the centrifugal separator to collect particulate matter separated from the centrifuge, and a gas in communication with the top of the centrifugal separator to the atmosphere In the vehicle smoke reduction device comprising a discharge pipe for discharging, The exhaust gas injection pipe is coupled to the outer surface wrapped around the periphery of the end portion of the exhaust pipe is formed with a plurality of holes along the circumferential end is closed; The exhaust gas inlet tube surrounding the exhaust pipe is provided with a mesh for coarsening particulate matter by colliding with the exhaust gas so as to have a predetermined space between the exhaust pipe, And a catalyst is filled between the mesh and the exhaust gas injection pipe. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein an air supply pipe is installed on the other side of the exhaust gas injection pipe so as to naturally supply atmospheric air and rapidly lower the temperature of the exhaust gas on a venturi principle. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the exhaust pipe is further provided with a high temperature catalyst device for removing particulate matter discharged from the catalyst and the centrifugal separator. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a silencer for reducing engine noise between the centrifuge and the discharge pipe. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a heat exchanger for lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas in front of the exhaust gas injection pipe. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the air supply pipe is connected to an air supply box for supplying high speed air generated when the vehicle is driven. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a blower or a compressor for forcibly injecting air is further connected to the air supply pipe.

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