KR100585400B1 - Portable and fixing catalytic heater - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable and stationary heating stove using methanol fuel, which is a liquid fuel, and to a stove capable of generating heat without ignition without electricity supply. In addition, hydrogen, which is a gaseous fuel, may be used directly, or city gas, propane gas (LPG) and methanol may be used to generate hydrogen using a hydrogen reformer. It is a heating device that burns at high temperature (600 ℃ or more) by using methanol oxidation, and it is a stove that maintains the maximum temperature of the heating part at about 800 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃. The exothermic principle is that after methanol is hydrogen-modified city gas or methanol using methanol, hydrogen gas, and hydrogen reformer as liquid fuel, using alumina ceramic or metal permeation network and metal honeycomb coated with platinum or platinum / palladium and platinum / ruthenium. It is a method of oxidizing and generating heat when contacted. In addition, a platinum or platinum / palladium-coated metal mesh is installed between the ceramic heating element surface and the perforated network by methanol being oxidized by the ceramic heating element when the temperature rises to 600 ° C. or higher, thereby completely oxidizing and burning the non-oxidized methanol. At this time, the platinum-coated metal mesh or the palladium-coated metal mesh may be completely burned to increase the temperature to a high temperature (about 1100 ° C.). Therefore, by using such a high temperature can be configured to include a portable or fixed stove and heating apparatus capable of heating a certain amount of water or other food or heating required for heating.

Non-ignition, portable, stationary, heater, metal mesh planar catalytic heating element, ceramic catalytic heating element, porous ceramic filter

Description

Non-ignition Portable and Fixed Heaters {Portable and Fixing Catalytic heater}

1 and 2 is an exploded perspective view of a non-ignition portable and fixed heater according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the assembled state of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater according to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1: fuel cell 10: metal mesh planar catalytic heating element

20: ceramic catalyst heating element 21: porous ceramic filter

30: heat exchanger 31: heat exchange plate

31a: through hole 40: through combustion oxide

41: inner cylinder 42: outer cylinder

41a, 42a: heat exhaust hole 50: safety net

60: air conditioner 70: stand

80: fuel sump 100: non-ignition portable and stationary heater

A portable and stationary heating stove using methanol fuel, which is a liquid fuel, relates to a stove capable of generating heat without ignition without electricity supply.

Conventional portable and stationary heaters were ignited and, in the case of stationary, electric power was required. In general, stoves and hot air heaters that are commercialized using petroleum stoves and other light oils, propane and butane gas have to be ignited at the first operation and the system is operated by electricity supply. In the mobile case, electricity was not needed when using gas as fuel, but ignition was essential. The present invention was able to solve this problem because it can be operated through a catalytic oxidation method without igniting liquid or gaseous fuel and without supplying electricity.

The present invention is to solve the above conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst-coated metal mesh planar catalyst heating element in the form of a mesh and ceramic-coated ceramic catalyst heating element to transfer heat generated therefrom It is to provide a non-ignition portable and fixed heater to improve the divergence effect by using.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a non-ignition portable and fixed heater capable of controlling the contact time and the contact efficiency of the catalyst and fuel, and supplying the filtered fuel so as not to generate air pollution.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a non-ignition portable and fixed heater having a fuel auxiliary container so that it can be used stably for a long time.

The present invention for achieving the object as described above, the metal catalyst surface catalyst heating element is coated with a metal catalyst to allow the fuel supplied from the fuel cell to generate heat by oxygen and non-combustion catalytic chemical reaction; A ceramic catalyst heating element provided on an upper portion of the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element and transferred by heat generated from the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element and coated with ceramic; A heat exchanger disposed above the ceramic catalyst heating element to diffuse and dissipate heat emitted from the ceramic catalyst heating element to the outside; And an oxidative combustion cylinder formed with a plurality of heat discharge holes and having a double cylinder surrounding the outside of the heat exchange unit. Characterized in that consists of.

In addition, the heat exchange unit of the present invention is characterized in that the plate is provided with a donut-shaped plate is formed in a plurality of vertically stacked at a predetermined interval.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the fuel is in contact with the porous ceramic filter provided in the inside of the metal mesh plane catalyst heating element.

In addition, the present invention is characterized by further comprising a safety net made of a cylindrical mesh net surrounding the outside of the oxidative combustion communication.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the lower portion of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater further comprises an air conditioner for adjusting the air inlet.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that it is further provided with a fuel auxiliary cylinder connected to the fuel container to assist the fuel.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the bottom of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater further includes a support for supporting the heater from the ground.

In the present invention, the metal catalyst of the metal mesh planar heating element is platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W) iridium (Ir), cerium And a catalyst selected from (Ce) and a combination of these metals, and a combination of these metals.

In the present invention, a liquid fuel and a hydrogen gas fuel may be used, and in the case of liquid, methanol may be oxidized to generate heat. In the case of hydrogen gas, hydrogen gas can be directly supplied and used. In addition, natural gas (city gas), LPG and butane gas can be reformed and used as hydrogen. In this case, a hydrogen reformer is required. In the case of methanol, the chemical reaction is as follows.

Fuel scheme: CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O + Pt or Pt / Ru catalyst ^{_{→ CO 2 + 6H + + 6e}} -

O₂ + Pt 혹은 Pt/Ru촉매 + 6e^- → 3H₂OOxygen Scheme: 6H ⁺ +

O ₂ + Pt or Pt / Ru catalyst + 6e ^- → 3H ₂ O

O₂ + Pt 혹은 Pt/Ru촉매 → CO₂ + 3H₂OSynthesis Scheme: CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O +

O ₂ + Pt or Pt / Ru catalyst → CO ₂ + 3H ₂ O

The catalytic reaction of hydrogen gas and direct hydrogen gas by the hydrogen reformer is as follows.

2H ₂ + O ₂ + Pt catalyst or Pt / Pd catalyst → 2H ₂ O

For methanol in the above scheme, the final by-products are carbon dioxide and water. Natural gas (city gas) and LPG or butane gas, which are fuels that can be used through hydrogen gas or hydrogen reformer, are the only end products by water. Therefore, air pollutants are not generated at all and can be used as clean energy without noise.

Considering the technical aspects of the invention, the amount of methanol fuel begins to be oxidized at the point where operation starts after the fuel is injected into the system. This means that the amount of methanol fuel is reduced, and the rate at which the fuel evaporates, i.e. the amount of reduction, is completely extinguished when a certain amount of time is reached. Therefore, the amount of methanol vaporized in air can be expressed as follows.

(Δm _out : Methanol decrease over time

Q: air contact amount

C _g : vaporized methanol concentration

Δt: exothermic oxidation reaction time

V _g : vaporized methanol volume

m _g : Vaporization amount of methanol in contact with air)

In the above equation, m _g can be expressed as a function of m _out considering the mass balance of methanol and Henry's law that the total amount of methanol is constant. First, the mass balance equation can be expressed as follows.

(m _i : total amount of methanol

m _L : amount of methanol in liquid state

m _g : Vaporization amount of methanol in contact with air

m _out : Methanol amount after oxidation reaction)

The relationship between free methanol concentration in liquid and gaseous phases in a vessel can be expressed according to Henry's law. Therefore, the direct influence on the oxidation of methanol is proportional to the air contact area. In other words, it is possible to control the temperature and speed of the heat generation by properly adjusting the air contact area.

A feature of the present invention is to fix the metal catalyst network as close to the fuel cell as possible and to fix a fixed amount of a porous ceramic heating element (alumina ceramic beads or pellets) or a metal honeycomb catalyst on top of the metal catalyst network in order to improve the exothermic temperature rise when the fuel is in contact with the metal catalyst. Maximize the effect of heat rise. Therefore, there is a feature that high temperature heat generation (800 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃) can be.

Based on this theoretical background, the core of the present invention is to properly mix liquid and gaseous fuels with platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), palladium (Pd), cerium (Ce) and iridium (Ir). Can be used. That is, platinum single catalyst or platinum / ruthenium (Pt / Ru), platinum / palladium (Pt / Pd), platinum / cerium (Pt / Ce), platinum / ruthenium / iridium (Pt / Ru / Ir), etc. Or a three-way catalyst. The reason why the metal catalyst is used is that transition metals having an atomic orbit, ie, d orbit, in the metal lower the energy barrier of the reaction so that a specific chemical reaction can be easily performed. These reactions utilize oxidative exothermic reactions that occur at room temperature when particulates such as platinum, iridium, ruthenium and palladium are present. As a result, as described above, the technical feature of the present invention is to provide a non-ignition type heating device using the principle of generating heat by methanol or hydrogen gas oxidizing with a metal catalyst to generate heat. In order to overcome the technical problem of the present invention, the structural design must be optimized so that the fuel can effectively contact the metal catalyst. In addition, the maximum amount of heat can be obtained by controlling the fuel consumption by controlling the air contact amount. Existing heaters and hot air heaters are relatively bulky because they have to be provided with a fuel container according to electricity supply and combustion, but the present invention does not require such a structural device, thereby simplifying the volume. Another technical feature of the present invention is that after about 6 to 10 minutes after the temperature rises when the temperature of the heating element reaches 600 ℃ ~ 650 ℃, the metal surface inside the heating element is rapidly red and 800 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃ To reach. All of these solve the technical problem of the present invention by optimizing fuel, heating element and structural design. As a result, the heating heater of the present invention, unlike conventional heaters, does not generate soot or air pollutants after combustion.

1 and 2 is an exploded perspective view of a non-ignition portable and fixed heater according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the assembled state of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater according to the present invention.

As shown, the non-ignition type portable and stationary heater 100 according to the present invention includes a metal mesh planar catalytic heating element 10 for generating fuel supplied from a fuel cell by oxygen and a non-combustion catalytic chemical reaction, and the metal mesh planar shape. A ceramic catalyst heating element 20 for transmitting and dissipating heat generated from the catalyst heating element 10, and a heat exchanger 30 for dissipating and dissipating heat emitted from the ceramic catalyst heating element 20 to the outside; And an oxidizing combustion cylinder 40 which surrounds the outside of the heat exchange unit and becomes a double cylinder.

The metal mesh planar catalytic heating element 10 is coated with a metal catalyst to allow the fuel supplied from the fuel container 1 to generate heat by oxygen and non-combustion catalytic chemical reaction, and has a hollow inner mesh shape. The upper portion of the metal mesh planar catalyst heating element 10 is provided with a ceramic catalyst heating element 20 through which heat generated heat is transferred. Metal catalysts used in the metal mesh planar heating element 10 are platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W). Catalysts selected from iridium (Ir), cerium (Ce) and combinations of these metals, and those selected from combinations of these metals are used. The fuel used here is selected from hydrogen, hydride compounds, methanol, ethanol, propanol, natural gas, propane and butane. By adding a metal mesh planar heating element 10 for rapid high temperature rise, the temperature rises to 600 ° C. or more after about 6 to 10 minutes after the fuel contact, after which the temperature rises rapidly to 800 ° C. to 1100 ° C. Done. At this time, when the high temperature (800 ° C or more) is reached, the combustion chamber 40 becomes red, which dissipates heat, and thus can be sufficiently applied as a heating device.

The ceramic catalyst heating element 20 is provided on the metal mesh planar catalyst heating element 10 so that heat generated from the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element 10 is transferred and dissipated, and the ceramic is coated. The fuel contact portion of the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element 10 is provided with a porous ceramic filter 21. Accordingly, the fuel filtered by the porous ceramic filter 21 is transferred to the metal mesh plane catalyst heating element 10, so that air pollution due to combustion is not generated.

The heat exchanger 30 is positioned above the ceramic catalyst heating element 20 and serves to diffuse and dissipate heat emitted from the ceramic catalyst heating element 20 to the outside. The heat exchange part 30 has a donut-shaped heat exchange plate 31 in which a plurality of through holes 31 a are formed, and a plurality of spaces are stacked up and down at predetermined intervals. The heat generated by the heat exchange plate 31 is prevented from moving only upwards, thereby minimizing heat radiation, transfer, and loss.

The combustion chamber 40 is composed of an inner cylinder 41 and an outer cylinder 42, and the inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42 surround the outside of the heat exchange plate 31 of the heat exchange unit 30, respectively. The inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42 are each formed with a plurality of heat discharge holes 41a and 42a. In this way, the double cylinder can effectively use the heat inside the heat source. The safety net 50 is provided on the outside of the combustion chamber (40).

The safety net 50 surrounds the outside of the oxidizing combustion cylinder 40 and is a cylindrical mesh net. The safety net 50 serves to prevent the contact with the high temperature combustion combustion chamber 40 to be safe.

The lower portion of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater 100 is further provided with an air conditioner 60 to control the air inlet, to control the air inlet in order to smooth the control of the initial oxidation and oxidation oxidation time, the catalyst The contact time and the contact efficiency of the fuel can be adjusted. In addition, the bottom of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater 100 is preferably provided with a pedestal 70 to support the heater 100 from the ground. The pedestal 70 prevents the heater 100 from contacting the ground.

In addition, the non-ignition portable and fixed heater 100 is preferably connected to the fuel container (1) is further provided with a fuel auxiliary cylinder 80 to assist the fuel. As such, when the fuel auxiliary container 80 is provided, the fuel auxiliary container 80 can be stably used for a long time.

As described above, the non-ignition type portable and fixed heater according to the present invention has a great advantage that it can efficiently replace high oil prices and renewable energy because it uses inexpensive fuel without using fossil energy. As the energy shortage is serious, the energy can be reduced and the efficiency can be increased, and air pollution can be generated by supplying filtered fuel without generating odors.

Claims (9)

A metal mesh planar catalytic heating element coated with a metal catalyst to allow the fuel supplied from the fuel cell to generate heat by oxygen and a non-combustion catalytic chemical reaction; A ceramic catalyst heating element provided on an upper portion of the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element and transferred by heat generated from the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element and coated with ceramic; A heat exchanger disposed above the ceramic catalyst heating element to diffuse and dissipate heat emitted from the ceramic catalyst heating element to the outside; And Oxidation combustion cylinder is a double cylinder surrounding the outside of the heat exchange unit and a plurality of heat discharge holes are formed; An air conditioner positioned under the heater to control air inflow; Non-ignition portable and fixed heater, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, The heat exchange unit is a non-ignition type portable and fixed heater, characterized in that provided with a plurality of donut-shaped plate is formed in a plurality of stacked up and down at a predetermined interval. The method of claim 1, Non-ignition type portable and fixed heater characterized in that the fuel contact is further provided with a porous ceramic filter provided inside the metal mesh planar catalytic heating element. The method of claim 1, Non-ignition type portable and fixed heater characterized in that the safety net is further provided with a cylindrical mesh surrounding the outside of the oxidative combustion communication. delete The method of claim 1, Non-ignition portable and fixed heater, characterized in that the fuel auxiliary container is connected to the fuel container and further assists the fuel. The method of claim 1, The bottom of the non-ignition portable and fixed heater is a non-ignition portable and fixed heater characterized in that it is further provided with a support for supporting the heater from the ground. The method of claim 1, The catalyst of the metal mesh planar heating element is platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), iridium (Ir), cerium (Ce), ruthenium (Ru), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W) and these A non-ignition portable and stationary heater characterized in that it is selected from a combination of metals, and a combination of these metals. The method of claim 1, Non-ignition portable and stationary heater, characterized in that the fuel is selected from hydrogen, hydride compounds, methanol, ethanol, propanol, natural gas, propane and butane.

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