KR100584091B1 - Manufacturing method of bio refined oil using vegetable waste cooking oil and refined fuel oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is distilled under reduced pressure through a filter wool (quarz wool) at 40 ^o C or more to purify the free fatty acid content to an acid value of less than 10mg KOH / g, and to collect the waste oil such as automotive engine oil, mechanical lubricating oil, insulating oil Concentrate and dehydrate to remove water, filter impurities to remove, and then pass through a thin film distiller to remove residues that are high boiling point residues, and distillate under reduced pressure to refine the fuel oil (refined fuel oil according to Annex 4 to the Enforcement Rule of the Waste Management Act). The waste oil and refined fuel oil were mixed at a mixing ratio of (1-9): (9-1), and caustic soda (NaOH) was added as a catalyst, followed by distillation under reduced pressure. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method, and the biorefined oil of the present invention can be usefully used as kerosene, diesel, and alternative fuel which is an industrial power plant and boiler fuel.

Waste cooking oil, waste oil, vacuum distillation, refined fuel oil, biorefined oil, alternative fuel

Description

Process for preparing a bio-refined oil using used mixed vegetable oil and refined fuel oil}

The present invention relates to a method for producing bio refined oil using vegetable waste cooking oil and refined fuel oil. More specifically, the present invention collects waste oils such as automobile engine oil, mechanical lubricating oil, and insulating oil, and mixes refined fuel oil and vegetable waste cooking oil purified by distillation under reduced pressure, caustic soda (NaOH), sodium carbonate (aka soda ash), ammonia After adding citric acid and the like, the present invention relates to a method for preparing biorefined oil having reduced impurities and acid value components by distillation under reduced pressure.

Conventionally, vegetable waste cooking oil discharged in large quantities after being used in general homes, restaurants and food processing companies has a high acid value and high viscosity, so that biodiesel is used by esterifying these waste cooking oils with methanol and ethanol to solve them. Although a method has been proposed, it is difficult to use due to inconvenience in use and complicated manufacturing apparatus.

In addition, petroleum, which is a representative fuel in the home and industry, is continuously rising due to depletion of resources, and attempts to develop alternative fuels continue to be made in response to the burden of rising oil prices, but there are no suitable alternatives. Thermal power plants and boiler fuels, which rely on them, cause serious environmental pollution problems caused by emissions.

Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted numerous studies and experiments to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. As a result, vegetable cooking oil repeatedly used in homes, restaurants, or food processing plants has high acid value and high impurities, which cannot be reused and disposed of. When the old cooking oil is mixed with refined fuel oil such as automobile engine oil, mechanical lubricating oil, and insulating oil and distilled under reduced pressure, it can prevent the thermal decomposition of fuel oil, deoxidize and remove various impurities, and improve the combustion efficiency. The present invention has been completed by discovering the surprising fact that biorefined oil, which is a low pollution fuel oil, can be produced by preventing and recycling environmental pollution that may be caused by waste oil.

The invention of vegetable waste oil strainer from above 40 ^o C through the (quar t z wool) by distillation under reduced pressure to give the free fatty acid content to below an acid value of 10mg KOH / g, and automotive motor oil, machine lubricating oil, waste oil such as insulating oil Collecting and concentrating and dehydrating to remove water, filtering and removing impurities, and then passing through a thin film distillation to remove the residue of high boiling point residue and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain refined fuel oil, and mixed the waste cooking oil and refined fuel oil. The present invention relates to a method for producing a biorefined oil, which is distilled under reduced pressure by adding an appropriate amount (acid value corresponding amount) of caustic soda (NaOH), sodium carbonate, ammonia, and citric acid.

The vegetable waste cooking oil used in the present invention includes soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, linseed oil or mixed oils thereof as waste cooking oil discharged after use in homes, restaurants or food processing plants. This to the waste oil collection filter in more than ^{40 o C (quar t z wool} ) and then to remove the food particles pass filter (fiber filter) to re-filtered to water is more than 0.1%, free fatty acids have an acid value of 10mg KOH / g or less Get waste cooking oil.

The refined fuel oil used in the present invention collects waste oils such as automobile engine oil, mechanical lubricating oil, and insulating oil, concentrates and dehydrates to remove water, and removes impurities by filtration and then passes through a thin film distiller to remove residues of high boiling point residue. Obtained by distillation under reduced pressure under reduced pressure (absolute pressure: 30-80 mmHg). The refined fuel oil obtained has a calorific value of approximately 10,000 Kcal / kg or more, according to No. 4 of Annex 4 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Waste Management Act.

The refined fuel oil and vegetable waste oil thus obtained are mixed at a ratio of (1-9) to (9-1), followed by adding appropriate amounts of caustic soda, (sodium carbonate), (ammonia) or (citric acid) as a catalyst (acid value corresponding amount). ) And put into the reactor under reduced pressure distillation (150 ^o C, 30-80mmHg) to prepare a bio refined oil.

In the present invention, the acid value equivalent amount is used as a catalyst to add caustic soda, sodium carbonate, ammonia, etc. as a catalyst to remove or reduce the acid value representing the free acid group contained in the waste cooking oil. Because of the incorrect nature, a large amount of free acid is included. In addition, by adding citric acid, it is possible to remove the gum component containing phospholipids and the like.

Bio-refined oil according to the present invention is a clean fuel because it is less toxic than conventional petroleum fuel and less pollutants such as soot, it is possible to prevent and recycle the environmental pollution that may be caused by waste oil such as waste cooking oil and waste lubricating oil. Therefore, the biorefined oil of the present invention can be effectively used as kerosene, diesel fuel, and alternative fuel which is an industrial power plant and a boiler fuel.

Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated based on an Example, it should not be understood that the technical scope of this invention is limited to these Examples.

Example 1

Waste lubricating oil is collected, concentrated and dehydrated to remove water, and impurities are filtered and removed. The thin oil is passed through a thin film evaporator to remove residues, which are high boiling point residues, and distilled under reduced pressure (absolute pressure 30-80mmHg). Obtained refined fuel oil as prescribed in Annex 4 No. 6 of the Administrative Regulation. The plant was collected waste cooking oil 40 ^o After removal of food particles through the filter (quar t z wool) in C or more filters (fiber filter) to re-filtered to water is more than 0.1%, free fatty acids have an acid value of 10mg KOH / g The following waste cooking oil was obtained. The refined fuel oil and the waste cooking oil obtained here were mixed at 5: 5, and caustic soda was added to the reactor and distilled under reduced pressure (150 ^o C or more, 30-80 mmHg) to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 2

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 8: 2, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 3

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 7: 3, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 4

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 6: 4, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 5

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 4: 6, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil. Example 6

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 3: 7, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 7

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at 2: 8, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Example 8

As in Example 1, refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil were mixed at a ratio of 1: 9, caustic soda was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 150 ^° C. or higher, followed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain bio refined oil.

Comparing physical properties such as calorific value and distillation properties with respect to biorefined oils obtained from the blending ratio of refined fuel oil and waste cooking oil as described in Example 1-8, and physical properties of refined fuel oil, waste cooking oil, boiler kerosene and diesel oil, respectively The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

   Item Refined fuel oil Waste Cooking Oil Bio Refined Oil (5: 5) Boiler kerosene Via Ministry of Environment Regulation Calorific Value (Kcal / kg) 10,500 9,600 10,050 10,840 10,880 Distillation Phase Flow Point ( ^o C) 195 or more 120 or more 120 or more End point ( ^o C) 350 or less 236 and below 350 or less Sulfur (wt%) 0.100 0.023 0.062 0.10 0.10 0.20 or less Moisture, sediment (vol%) 0.01 0.001 0.005 Less than 0.001 0.01 or less 0.02 or less Ash (wt%) 0.010 0.014 0.012 0.01 or less 0.01 or less 0.03 or less Residual carbon (wt%) 0.02 0.04 0.03 Kinematic viscosity (cst) 5-25 56-62 33-40 2.687 2.414

Table 1.

Item Refined oil: waste cooking oil (8: 2) Refined oil: waste cooking oil (7: 3) Refined oil: waste cooking oil (6: 4) Refined oil: waste cooking oil (2: 8) Refined oil: waste cooking oil (1: 9) Regulation level Environment standard Calorific Value (Kcal / kg) 10,320 10,230 10,140 9,780 9,690 Distillation Phase Flow Point ( ^o C) 195 or more 120 or more 120 or more 120 or more 120 or more End point ( ^o C) 350 or less 236 and below 350 or less 350 or less 350 or less Sulfur (wt%) 0.0126 0.0138 0.0152 0.038 0.031 0.20 or less Moisture, Sediment (vol%) 0.08 0.007 0.006 0.002 0.001 0.02 or less Ash (wt%) 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.01 or less 0.03 or less Residual carbon (wt%) 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 Kinematic viscosity (cst) 12-34 15-43 33-45 30-47 30-54

Table 2.

From the results of Tables 1 and 2, the bio-refined oils according to the present invention (Examples 1-4 and 7-8) can be effectively used as an alternative fuel because the properties are equivalent to boiler kerosene, diesel, etc. while satisfying the regulations of the Ministry of Environment. It can be seen.

The edible oil alone has a disadvantage in that the kinematic viscosity is high, but the disadvantage can be solved by the effect of lowering the viscosity by mixing with refined oil having a low viscosity.

Bio refined oil containing waste cooking oil has less sulfur, less moisture, and less sediments (1/3 ~ 1/5 times), which can reduce pollution due to less dust, SOx and incomplete combustion during combustion, thus eliminating these disadvantages of kerosene and diesel. can do. In addition, waste cooking oil has a low end point in the distillation test, so that high boiling point is low, and thus combustion efficiency can be improved. Therefore, since these advantages are exhibited, environmentally friendly fuel oils with low pollution during combustion may be referred to as biorefined oils.

Bio refined oil prepared according to the method of the present invention provides the following advantages.

First, by using refined fuel oil and edible oil refined from waste oil as raw materials of bio refined oil, it is possible to prevent environmental pollution and recycle it as a resource to enhance the effect as alternative fuel such as kerosene and diesel.

Second, by mixing vegetable waste oil with low sulfur content, moisture, and sediment, it can reduce pollution such as SOx generated during combustion.

Third, the effect can be enhanced by distillation under reduced pressure through a filter to reduce water and free fatty acids of vegetable waste cooking oil.

Fourth, by mixing and reacting caustic soda, sodium carbonate (soda ash), ammonia and the like can reduce the acid value and increase the combustion efficiency. In addition, citric acid and the like can be removed to remove the gum component, such as phospholipids contained in the waste cooking oil.

Fifth, in order to reduce the high viscosity of the waste cooking oil, a low viscosity refined fuel oil may be mixed to compensate for the shortcomings.

Claims (4)

(delete) And the vegetable waste oil through the filter (quar t z wool) from more than 40 ^o C was distilled off under reduced pressure and purification of the free fatty acid content to below an acid value of 10mg KOH / g; Waste oil such as automobile engine oil, mechanical lubricating oil, and insulating oil are collected, concentrated and dehydrated to remove moisture, filtered to remove impurities, and then passed through a thin film distiller to remove residues that are high boiling point residues and distilled under reduced pressure. 4 obtaining refined fuel oil of heading 6; The spent cooking oil and refined fuel oil are mixed in a mixing ratio of (1-9) to (9-1), and again using an appropriate amount (acid value corresponding amount) of caustic soda (NaOH), sodium carbonate, ammonia and citric acid as a catalyst. Method for producing a biorefined oil, characterized in that distillation under reduced pressure. The method for producing bio refined oil according to claim 2, wherein the vegetable waste cooking oil is soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, linseed oil, or a mixture thereof. Bio-refined oil produced by the method of any one of claims 2 to 3 used as kerosene, diesel, alternative fuel as an industrial power plant and boiler fuel.