KR100569724B1 - VOC piling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention accurately captures VOCs in the air according to a predetermined standard to analyze the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted from the building materials into the air using a small chamber. To this end, the present invention relates to a VOC trapping device capable of measuring the rate of divergence of VOC, formaldehyde and carbonyl compounds per unit area of the building material under test by obtaining the air flow rate through the small chamber and the surface area of the test piece. A suction part including a compressor; A filter unit which filters the air sucked into the suction unit; A constant temperature water tank which increases the temperature and humidity by passing the air passing through the filter unit through distilled water having a constant water temperature; A heat exchanger connected to the constant temperature water tank to change a temperature of air to a predetermined temperature; A total mass control flow meter connected to the heat exchanger to control a flow rate of air; At least one small chamber connected to the total mass control flowmeter and having a building material to be measured therein; A collector for collecting contaminated air generated in the small chamber by passing the air from the small chamber; A constant temperature chamber having a volume capable of containing the small chamber and maintaining a predetermined temperature; And a discharge unit having an exhaust pump connected to the collector to discharge air and a post-mass control flowmeter connected to the exhaust pump to control the flow rate of air.

VOC collector

Description

VOC collecting device {VOC piling device}             

1 is a conceptual diagram of one embodiment of the present invention

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: Compressor 20: Hepa Filter

21: carbon filter 22: membrane filter

30: constant temperature water tank 31: distilled water

32: cooling coil 33: heating heater

34: Auxiliary bucket 35, 36: Solenoid valve

37, 38: control valve 39: supply valve

40: prechamber 41: humidity sensor

42: temperature sensor 43: solenoid valve

44: heat exchanger 45: all mass control flowmeter

50: constant temperature chamber 51, 55: small chamber

52, 53, 56: temperature detector 54, 57: collector

60: heating heater 61: circulation fan

70: cooling coil 71, 72: control valve

80, 82: exhaust pump 81, 83: mass control flow meter

100,110: Cooling device 101,111: Fan speed controller

102,112: cooling fan 103,113: condenser

104,114: receiver 105,115: evaporator

106,116 Display window 107,117: Liquid separator

108,118: compressor 109.119: refrigerant storage device

The present invention relates to a VOC trapping device, the air in accordance with a predetermined standard to analyze the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted into the air from the building materials using a small chamber In order to accurately collect VOC in the air, the VOC trapping device which can measure the divergence rate of VOC, formaldehyde and carbonyl compound per unit area of the building material under test by calculating the air flow rate and the surface area of the test piece through the small chamber will be.

Due to the high density of houses and the use of building materials and interior materials that emit chemicals, there are many reports of various physical abnormalities caused by indoor air pollution due to chemicals in people living in buildings and buildings after new and renovated buildings. have.

European Standard ENV13419 was published in August 1999 by the American Society Testing Material (ASTM) and the European Standard (EN) to measure the rate of VOC divergence using the divergence test chamber method. Although the Architectural Standards Act of JIS A 1901 was enacted, KS is not yet defined in Korea.

Therefore, as in foreign countries, in Korea, it is required to obtain a standardized standard by unifying accurate measurement conditions and measurement methods, and for this purpose, a standardization that can collect test samples for measuring pollutants emitted from building materials and interior materials. Device is required.

The inspection methods currently used include the desiccator method, the perforator method, and the small chamber method.

First, the desiccation method was developed in Japan in the mid 70's to adjust the temperature inside the desiccator chamber to 20 ° C, and to leave the specimens for 24 hours to rectify formaldehyde in distilled water at the bottom of the chamber to take advantage of the reaction with acetylacetone. By quantitative measurement with an infrared spectrometer.

However, the desiccation method does not model the actual living room, so there is no ventilation like the room, the VOC is impossible to measure and the error range is large.

If the desiccator method is a method of measuring the amount of formaldehyde released from the sample to gas, it is a method of measuring all formaldehyde emission present in the sample.

That is, the perforator method circulates air, collects formaldehyde contained in the air, and analyzes it with acetylacetone method. This method also has a large error range and cannot measure VOC.

Recently, the standard specification of the small chamber method has been set in Japan and has been in effect since July 1, 2003.

In this method, the air passing through the carbon filter is supplied to the small chamber through the temperature and humidity control device, and the VOC can be measured.

However, a problem with the compact chamber method is that the flow rate supplied is not always kept constant.

The flow rate is specified to be 0.5 ± 0.05 times / h according to the ventilation recovery regulations inside the chamber.

As the flow rate is controlled by manual flow meter, the flow rate decreases as the concentration of the collector increases, and there is inconvenience that the tester has to continuously adjust the flow rate.

In addition, because the flow rate is not accurate, the temperature and humidity are different, and there is no recorder to record the data measured in each section.

An object of the present invention devised to solve the above problems, by using a mass control flowmeter at the inlet and outlet of the small chamber to enable the sharing of the test method, stabilizing the ventilation frequency so that a constant flow rate can pass through each test, It is to provide a VOC collecting device that can store and output the data of each part to the recorder by time.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the suction unit including a compressor to suck the outside air; A filter unit which filters the air sucked into the suction unit; A constant temperature water tank which increases the temperature and humidity by passing the air passing through the filter unit through distilled water having a constant water temperature; A heat exchanger connected to the constant temperature water tank to change a temperature of air to a predetermined temperature; A total mass control flow meter connected to the heat exchanger to control a flow rate of air; At least one small chamber connected to the total mass control flowmeter and having a building material to be measured therein; A collector for collecting contaminated air generated in the small chamber by passing the air from the small chamber; A constant temperature chamber having a volume capable of containing the small chamber and maintaining a predetermined temperature; And a discharge unit having an exhaust pump connected to the collector to discharge air and a post-mass control flowmeter connected to the exhaust pump to control the flow rate of air.

The filter unit may include a hepa filter, a carbon filter, and a membrane filter.

The constant temperature water tank is characterized in that it comprises a heating heater and a cooling coil. In addition, the constant temperature water tank is connected to the auxiliary water tank for distilled water replenishment and pressure control, and the control valve and the solenoid valve between the auxiliary water tank and the constant temperature water tank. It is characterized by being installed.

The heat exchanger is characterized in that the drain for discharging the condensed distilled water due to cooling and the solenoid valve for controlling the distilled water discharged to the drain.

The small chamber is characterized in that the temperature measuring device is installed.

The constant temperature chamber is characterized by the installation of a heating heater, a cooling coil and a circulation fan.

Humidity control in the constant temperature bath is characterized in that for controlling the air inside the constant temperature bath to be the dew point temperature.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples and drawings.

Outside air is forcibly sucked into the embodiment of the present invention by the compressor 10.

Since the external air may include fine dust and the like, a filter unit is connected to the compressor 10.

The filter unit used in the present invention comprises a Hepa filter (20, Hepa filter), a carbon filter (21, Carbon filter) and a membrane filter (22, Membrane filter), the outside air is clean Let it be air.

Air passing through the filter unit is put in the constant temperature water tank (30) for humidity control. The constant temperature water tank 30 is intended to have a predetermined humidity and temperature of the sucked air.

The constant temperature water tank 30 includes a cooling coil 32 and a heating heater 33, and 50-70% of distilled water 31 is filled in the inside of the water tank, so that the heating heater 33 or The method of controlling the output of the cooling coil 32 is used.

That is, the humidity control in the constant temperature water tank 30 controls the output of the heating heater 33 or the cooling coil 32 so that the air in the constant temperature water tank becomes the dew point temperature.

The heating heater 33 can simply use an electric resistance heater. Therefore, it is possible to simply adjust the amount of heat generated by controlling the amount of charge flowing into the electric resistance heater.

The cooling coil 32 is a mechanism that absorbs heat from the surroundings of the cooling device 110, and the other structure includes the condenser 113, the compressor 118, and the evaporator 115 in the same manner as a conventional cooling device. do. Condensed refrigerant from the fan 112 and the fan speed controller 111 to help the heat dissipation of the condenser 113, the refrigerant storage container 119 storing the refrigerant, the display window 116, and the condenser 113 in addition to the above components. It includes a receiver 114 for collecting and constantly supplying the refrigerant required to the evaporator 115 as needed, the liquid separator 117 to temporarily receive the refrigerant from the cooling coil (32).

In addition, the control valve 72 controls the cooling performance by adjusting the amount of the refrigerant coming out of the refrigeration coil (32).

In order to automatically supply the distilled water 31 of the constant temperature water tank 30, an auxiliary water tank 34 is attached to the water supply pipe so that the distilled water 31 required during the test can be automatically filled, and the solenoid valve ( 35) and control valve 37 are attached.

Therefore, the auxiliary water tank 34 is positioned higher than the constant temperature water tank 30, and the auxiliary water tank 34 and the constant temperature water tank 30 are connected to a pipe in which a valve is formed. Allow distilled water to move to the constant temperature water tank (30).

In addition, there is a pipe for adjusting the air pressure between the constant temperature water tank 30 and the auxiliary water tank 34, and a solenoid valve 36 and a control valve 38 are attached.

In the auxiliary bucket 34 and the constant temperature water tank 30, the pipe for adjusting the air pressure is installed at a position higher than the water supply pipe.

The solenoid valves 35 and 36 are opened and closed by a signal of a level sensor (not shown) in the constant temperature water tank 30.

The auxiliary water container 34 is connected to the distilled water supply pipe, and is opened and closed by the valve 39.

The air passing through the constant temperature water tank 30 is raised in temperature and humidity. At this time, the temperature is higher than the required temperature. This is because the humidity of the air can be easily contained because the temperature of the air must be increased.

At low flow rates, conventional vaporization or wet humidification cannot achieve 50 ± 5% RH. However, since the water temperature is controlled by cooling and heating in a constant temperature water tank containing distilled water of the present invention and then supplied through bubbling, control is possible up to 50 ± 3% RH.

Therefore, the superheated and water-containing air is radiated by the heat exchanger 44 through the pipe to lower the temperature. At this time, the condensation of the water vapor contained therein is drained. The drain operation is performed by opening and closing the solenoid valve 43.

The air whose temperature and humidity have passed through the heat exchanger 44 is controlled and the flow rate is controlled in the total mass control flow meter 45 and supplied to the small chambers 51 and 55.

In the embodiment of the present invention, two small chambers are installed, and more can be installed, and generally four or eight are installed.

At this time, the temperature sensor 42 and the humidity sensor 41 are installed at the rear end of the heat exchanger 44 to measure the temperature and humidity of the air supplied to the small chambers 51 and 55, and the detected data is recorded. The data is written to and used as a signal to control the heating heater 33 and the cooling coil 32.

The test standard shall be the standard of Korea Clean Association, 25 ℃ and 50% RH humidity, and the error range shall be 25 ± 1 ℃ and 50 ± 5% RH humidity.

The air supplied to the small chambers 51 and 55 passes through the building materials (not shown) inside the small chambers 51 and 55 and passes through the collectors 54 and 57 to capture VOC, formaldehyde, and carbonyl compounds. .

At this time, the temperature of the collector (54, 57) should maintain the same temperature as the small chamber (51, 55).

In order to make the temperature of the collectors 54 and 57 and the small chambers 51 and 55 the same, in the present invention, the constant temperature chamber 50 is made and the small chambers 51 and 55 are installed in the constant temperature chamber 50.

The constant temperature chamber 50 always maintains the same temperature as the small chambers 51 and 55 as the cooling coil 70 and the heating heater 60 for cooling. In addition, the circulation fan 61 continuously circulates the air inside the constant temperature chamber 50.

The heating heater 60 may simply use an electric resistance heater. Therefore, it is possible to simply adjust the amount of heat generated by controlling the amount of charge flowing into the electric resistance heater.

The cooling coil 70 is a mechanism that absorbs heat from the surroundings of the cooling device 100, and the rest of the configuration is the same as a conventional cooling device, and the condenser 103, the compressor 108, and the evaporator 105 It includes. Condensed refrigerant from the fan 102 and the fan speed controller 101, the refrigerant storage container 109 for storing the refrigerant, the display window 106, and the condenser 103 in addition to the above components. It includes a receiver 104, which collects and constantly supplies the refrigerant required to the evaporator 105 as needed, the liquid separator 107 to temporarily receive the refrigerant from the cooling coil (70).

In addition, the control valve 71 controls the cooling performance by adjusting the amount of the refrigerant coming from the refrigeration coil (70).

The temperature of the constant temperature chamber 50 is sensed by the temperature detector 52 to operate the cooling coil 70 or the heating heater 60.

The air piping paths supplied to the small chambers (51, 55) are made to be completely sealed, and are manufactured so that the humidity is not changed by thorough warming to prevent condensation of moisture in the air through heat transfer from the outside. .

In order to accurately measure the concentration of VOC, formaldehyde, and carbonyl compounds of building materials (not shown) installed inside the small chambers (51, 55), the inlet and outlet air are not mixed. Temperature detectors 53 and 56 are built in to measure the temperature change inside the small chambers 51 and 55.

The air passing through the collectors 54 and 57 is discharged to the outside through the mass control flowmeters 81 and 83 by the exhaust pumps 80 and 82.

The provision of the mass control flowmeters 45, 81, and 83 at the front and rear ends of the small chambers 51 and 55, respectively, is for accurately meeting the number of ventilations in the small chambers 51 and 55.

The prechamber 40 having a volume including the small chambers 51 and 55 and the heat exchanger 44 is provided to help maintain air humidity and temperature.

By constructing as described above, the building material to be measured is installed in the small chamber and the air flows through the collectors 54 and 57 for a predetermined time, and the collectors 54 and 57 are collected and the air flow rate passes through the small chamber. And the surface area of the test piece can be obtained to determine the rate of divergence of VOC, formaldehyde and carbonyl compounds per unit area of the building material under test.

The inside of the small chambers 51 and 55 is ventilated like a general room, and volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted from building materials are measured.

According to JIS A 1901, the number of ventilation of the small chambers 51 and 55 is 0.5 ± 0.05 times / h. The ventilation frequency can be maintained by the control of the total mass control flowmeter 45 and the post-mass control flowmeters 81 and 83.

The volume of the small chambers 51 and 55 of the embodiment of the present invention is set to 20 L in accordance with the lower limit of the chamber volume in ASTM D 5116,1997 (American Materials Testing Association).

Through the above-mentioned invention, a mass control flowmeter is used at the inlet and outlet of the small chamber to stabilize the ventilation frequency so that a constant flow rate can be passed at all times, and the VOC can store and output data of each part in the recorder for each test time. By providing a collection device, test methods can be shared.

This makes it possible to identify where the error occurs even if different people test and analyze on the same specimen.

At present, there is no KS standard in Korea. In 2004, the Ministry of Environment and the Air Cleaning Association will establish standards for building materials for VOCs. The present invention can propose an accurate sampling method by compensating for the problems caused by ISO, JIS, and EN in order to secure an independent technology in accordance with KS standards.

According to the legislation of building materials, it is thought that it will play an important role in suppressing cases of physical abnormalities caused by indoor air pollution due to chemical substances in houses after new construction or renovation.

Claims (8)

A suction part including a compressor to suck external air; A filter unit which filters the air sucked into the suction unit; A constant temperature water tank which increases the temperature and humidity by passing the air passing through the filter unit through distilled water having a constant water temperature; A heat exchanger connected to the constant temperature water tank to change a temperature of air to a predetermined temperature; A total mass control flow meter connected to the heat exchanger to control a flow rate of air; At least one small chamber connected to the total mass control flowmeter and having a building material to be measured therein; A collector for collecting contaminated air generated in the small chamber by passing the air from the small chamber; A constant temperature chamber having a volume capable of containing the small chamber and maintaining a predetermined temperature; And And a discharge unit having an exhaust pump connected to the collector to discharge air and a post-mass control flowmeter connected to the exhaust pump to control the flow of air. The VOC collecting device of claim 1, wherein the filter unit comprises a hepa filter, a carbon filter, and a membrane filter. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature water tank includes a heating heater and a cooling coil. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary water tank for distilled water replenishment and pressure control is connected to the constant temperature water tank, and a control valve and a solenoid valve are installed between the auxiliary water tank and the constant temperature water tank. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger further includes a drain for discharging the condensed distilled water due to cooling and a solenoid valve for controlling the distilled water discharged to the drain. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the small chamber is provided with a temperature measuring device. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein a heating heater, a cooling coil, and a circulation fan are installed in the constant temperature chamber. 2. The VOC collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the humidity control in the constant temperature bath controls the air in the constant temperature bath to be the dew point temperature.

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