KR100541584B1 - Battery automatic charging apparatus of electric scooter and the automatic charging method of thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention uses the pulse width modulation control method to generate the generator power by the inertia generated from the DC motor at the time of deceleration when the electric scooter is decelerated to detect the generated voltage, and to automatically charge the battery after shaping the detected generated voltage The present invention relates to an automatic battery charger for an electric scooter and a method for automatically charging the battery, wherein the automatic battery charger for such an electric scooter includes a pulse width modulated waveform output according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) control method according to an amplification process of a power driver. In the electric scooter to be amplified by a predetermined level and supplied to the DC motor, and driven by a power transmission device for transmitting the power of the DC motor to the wheel according to the traveling speed obtained through the speed adjusting means mounted on the handle handle, Electric scooters; A generation voltage detector for detecting an electromotive force obtained by the inertia of the DC motor in proportion to the normal speed during the deceleration operation so that the electric scooter runs downhill slope at the normal speed preset by the speed adjusting means; It further comprises a switching constant voltage circuit unit for outputting a power generation voltage having a predetermined level by reducing the ripple component included in the generator electromotive force detected from the generation voltage detection unit, a battery charging unit for charging the power generation voltage of the switching constant voltage circuit unit in the battery Is achieved. Accordingly, it is possible to expect a long life and maximum efficiency of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the electric scooter.

Description

BATTERY AUTOMATIC CHARGING APPARATUS OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER AND THE AUTOMATIC CHARGING METHOD OF THEREOF}             

1 is a block diagram showing an automatic battery charging device for an electric scooter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the power driver of FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a generation voltage detector of FIG. 1.

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a switching constant voltage circuit unit.

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an output terminal of each component shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an automatic charging method using an automatic battery charger for an electric scooter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawing

100: speed control unit 102: PWM control unit

104: power drive unit 108: charging module unit

110: generated voltage detector 114: inverter buffer

120: switching constant voltage circuit 130: battery charging unit

137: transformer 140: DC motor

The present invention relates to a battery automatic charging apparatus for an electric scooter and an automatic charging method thereof, and more particularly, to automatically charging a battery of an electric scooter to regenerate a generated voltage generated by inertia when the electric scooter is decelerated. An apparatus and an automatic charging method thereof are provided.

In general, although the electric scooter is not shown in the drawing, an electric motor driven by battery power, a power transmission device for transmitting the power of the electric motor to a rotating body (wheel) for performing a rotational movement, and controlling the speed of the power transmission device It is provided as a control device, and can be classified into a chain driving method for attaching an electric motor and a reducer to the vehicle body and driving by connecting a belt or a chain, and a driving method for attaching an electric motor and a reduction gear to the rear wheel itself. Various motor control methods are provided according to the weight of the motor, the speed control characteristics of the motor, the characteristics of the road conditions during driving, and the weight of the driver.

In addition, the electric scooter currently produced includes a variety of electric scooters and electric bicycles, such as medium and short-distance movement and leisure, such as two-wheel, three-wheel, four-wheel with a DC motor and a secondary lead acid battery, electric scooter and electric Secondary lead acid battery, which is applied to bicycles, is charged only by external input power.

Such electric scooters can be driven by the power of batteries and electric motors when climbing hills or traveling long distances, unlike ordinary bicycles, and there is no additional cost and no exhaust or noise except for electric charges for charging batteries. As a next-generation pollution-free transportation and leisure goods, the driving time of the electric motor is differently provided according to the control method and the characteristics of the battery as described above.

In other words, even if the battery is charged for the same time, the driver's mileage may be shorter if he / she rides on the road that is heavier than the allowable load of the electric scooter. Also, the road going uphill and downhill is repeated. The high power consumption of Esau makes driving on a flat surface different from the battery life. For this reason, in order to secure more driving distance with a single charge, methods such as developing a high efficiency battery for increasing battery life, increasing battery capacity, and improving the material of the electric scooter itself are being promoted.

However, the current electric scooter only consumes the power charged to the battery when driving by using the charged battery, and does not provide a self-charging function, thereby making it impossible to utilize power energy that is unnecessarily consumed according to the driving conditions. Even if it improves, there is a problem that the rapid performance degradation of the battery due to the inconvenience and frequent increase of the number of charges and the resulting shortening of the life.

That is, the conventional electric scooters generate electricity from the battery in response to the road conditions when driving on a road such as a ramp, but on a downhill road, the vehicle can be driven by inertia using a power source generated when driving the ramp. The battery consumption can be significantly reduced than when driving, but at this time, the power energy generated at the time of decelerating driving is not recharged into the battery and is wasted as it is.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the electric scooter to automatically charge the generated voltage generated by the inertia when driving down the slope in accordance with the battery charging conditions, thereby providing an extension of the life and efficiency of the battery An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic battery charger for an electric scooter and an automatic charging method thereof.

Automatic battery charging apparatus of the electric scooter of the present invention for achieving the above object, by amplifying a pulse width modulation waveform output according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method by a predetermined level according to the amplification process of the power driver to the DC motor. An electric scooter which is supplied and driven by a power transmission device for transmitting the power of the DC motor to a wheel in accordance with a traveling speed obtained through a speed adjusting means mounted to a handle handle, wherein the electric scooter is; An inverter buffer connected in series with a waveform input terminal to receive the inverted pulse waveform output from the power driver, a pulse waveform reduced by the output pulse waveform of the inverter buffer and the inertia energy of the DC motor is applied, and the AND is coupled by the AND. JFET (junction type FET) for detecting generator power generated by inertia at normal speed, and capacitor filter (C ₁ ) connected to waveform output stage to shape voltage of ripple component included in generator power output by JFET And a generated voltage detector for detecting the generated electromotive force obtained by the inertia of the DC motor in proportion to the normal speed during the deceleration operation so that the electric scooter runs downhill slope at the preset normal speed by the speed adjusting means. A predetermined level is reduced by reducing the ripple component included in the generator electromotive force detected by the generated voltage detector; Has is characterized in that the battery charging unit to charge the generated voltage of the constant voltage switching circuit, the switching voltage circuit for outputting the generated voltage to the battery compartment is further included.

In addition, the automatic charging method using the automatic battery charger device of the electric scooter of the present invention, by driving the power transmission device to the voltage supplied to the DC motor in accordance with the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method to supply the voltage when driving the electric scooter. In the battery charging method of the present invention, the electric scooter is generated by the inertia generated from the direct current motor when decelerating driving at normal speed and the pulse waveform appearing when the electric scooter is driving at normal speed, respectively applied by the JFET and the JFET Detecting only the generator electromotive force by AND coupling, removing a ripple component included in the detected generator electromotive force, and outputting a constant voltage pulse capable of charging the battery at a predetermined voltage; The battery voltage drop state, which is a charging condition that can be charged only when the battery is below a few V, According to the switching operation by the output of the switching transistor it is characterized in that comprising a step of automatically charging the battery for the constant voltage pulse.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing an automatic battery charging device for an electric scooter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown here, a battery (Vcc) for supplying power required for driving the electric scooter, usually mounted on the handle portion of the electric scooter, and supplies power from the battery by matching between a Hall sensor and a permanent magnet. Speed control unit 100 for receiving and adjusting the speed of the electric scooter, a pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit 102 for outputting a pulse width modulated by receiving the Vcc power and a pulse width from the PWM control unit 102 A power driver 104 is provided to amplify the modulated pulse waveform and supply it to the DC motor 140. The generated voltage detector detects the generated electromotive force by the inertia of the DC motor 140 when the traveling speed of the electric scooter is reduced. (110) from the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120, the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120 for reducing the ripple component for the output signal of the generated voltage detection unit 110 to maintain a constant level It includes a charging module unit 108 is provided with a battery charging unit 130 for charging the output voltage to the battery (Battery).

The PWM control unit 102 is a 'TL494' IC, not shown to provide a pulse width modulation method is applied, which includes a circuit required for the control of the switch-type power supply, the oscillation frequency (f) is the external resistance Provides a programmable structure using and capacitors. In addition, it has a 5.0V reference voltage source capable of flowing a load current to the external bias circuit up to 10 mA, and can obtain a push-pull output characteristic or a unidirectional output characteristic.

FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the power driver of FIG. 1. As shown in the drawing, FET1 and FET2 are connected in parallel to amplify the pulse width modulated signal output from the PWM control unit 102. At this time, when FET is connected in parallel, it is easy to cause oscillation of 50 대의 -100MHz, so the anti-oscillation resistance (R1, R2) of about 50 ??-100 ?? is connected in series to the gate terminal of FET1 and FET2. Provides the ability to prevent rashes.

3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a generation voltage detector of FIG. 1. In order to detect the generated electromotive force, the generated voltage detection unit 110 includes a JFET (junction type FET) 112 on the side of the + terminal of the DC motor, and an inverter between the pulse input terminal and the gate (G) terminal of the JFET 112. An output waveform c for the electromotive force generated through the resistor R ₃ and the capacitor filter C ₁ connected in series with the source S terminal of the JFET 112 is connected to the buffer 114 (see FIG. 6). ) Is output.

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of the switching constant voltage circuit of FIG. 1. As shown therein, a first driver 133 for driving the switching transistor Q1 is configured at an input terminal thereof to maintain the generated electromotive force output from the generated voltage detector 110 at a predetermined level, and the switching transistor Q1 is configured. The second driver 135 to output a signal for charging the battery according to the output signal of the snap circuit (C3, R5, D2) and the battery charging control transformer 137, the first driver 133 to the collector terminal of ) Is configured to include.

And a secondary battery side of the transformer 137, the battery charging unit 130 is configured.

5 is a waveform diagram illustrating an output terminal of each component illustrated in FIG. 1. 5A is a pulse width modulated pulse waveform when the electric scooter runs at a normal speed, and (b) corresponds to the normal speed by the inertia of the DC motor 140 when driving downhill at the normal speed. (C) is a waveform diagram showing only the generated electromotive force by the generated voltage detector 110 in the waveform of (b), (d) is (c) The waveform of the waveform is shaped by the capacitor filter (C ₁ ) provided in the generated voltage detection unit 110, (e) through the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120 to charge the battery through the battery charger 130 This is an output waveform.

The operation of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

First, a predetermined power supply voltage (Vcc) is supplied from the battery when driving on a flat or slope while the electric scooter is charged with the battery. At this time, the speed control unit 100 mounted on the handle of the electric scooter is adjusted to drive at a constant speed. Adjust it to work.

The PWM controller 102 receiving the power supply voltage Vcc may have a pulse width modulated waveform A of a square wave having a predetermined level to provide a speed adjusted by the speed controller 100; The waveform is outputted through the 8th and 11th terminals of the TL494 IC (not shown) applied to the PWM control unit 102. At this time, the waveform output from the PWM control unit 102 is an extremely weak signal, and the waveform is applied to the power driver 104 provided at the rear end of the PWM control unit 102 so as to have a predetermined level (a; see FIGS. 6 and 2). To be amplified.

The power driver 104 performs an amplification process using FET1 and FET2, and anti-oscillation resistances having a predetermined capacitance are connected in series to their gate terminals to prevent oscillation.

As such, a signal corresponding to the traveling speed controlled by the speed controller 100 and the PWM controller 110 is applied to the DC motor 140 through the power driver 104, and the DC motor 140. Is to drive the electric scooter by transmitting power to the rotating body (wheel) through a general power transmission (S10).

At this time, the above process is carried out by receiving a predetermined power voltage from the battery when driving on a plain or ramp, but if the electric scooter is driving downhill, instead of supplying the power voltage from the battery, the downhill ramp Driving downhill by the generated inertial energy, it is possible to detect the generated voltage by using the generator power generated by the inertia to charge the battery. This will be described in more detail.

As described above, when the road condition is downhill, the electric scooter is decelerated by using the speed controller 100 at the normal speed (S12). At this time, generator power is generated by inertia from the DC motor 140 ( S14).

The generator power is detected by the generated voltage detection unit 110, JFET after the input pulse waveform (a) (that is, D ₁ input terminal pulse waveform) applied to the DC motor 140 is inverted through the inverter buffer 114 A pulse waveform that is input to the gate G terminal of 112 and decelerated by the inertia of the DC motor 140, that is, the electromotive force EF is generated together with the pulse waveform detected at the normal speed and the inertia. (B) When applied to the drain (D) terminal of the JFET 112, the JFET 112 AND (AND) the inverted waveform of the electromotive force generated by the DC motor 140 and the inverter buffer 114 After coupling, extracts and outputs only the electromotive force generated by the DC motor 140 (c; Fig. 6) (S16).

When the output waveform 'c' representing the output electromotive force EF is output through the output terminal of the generated voltage detector 110, the ripple component is reduced through the capacitor filter C ₁ provided to the output terminal.

The pulse waveform c of the generated electromotive force output from the generated voltage detection unit 110 is applied to the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120.

In the state in which the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120 receives the pulse waveform c output from the generated voltage detection unit 110 and reduces the excess ripple by the electrolytic capacitor C ₂ and the resistor R ₄ , When the first driving unit 133 is driven in accordance with the application of the pulse waveform c, the switching transistor Q ₁ is turned on and the PWM signal is output to the secondary side through the transformer 137 to thereby switch the switching transistor. According to the amplification process of Q ₁ ), a predetermined voltage is output (d; FIG. 6).

In addition, the waveform output from the switching constant voltage circuit unit 120 is output as a standardized pulse waveform (e; FIG. 6) of 24 V that can be charged to the battery on the secondary side of the transformer 137 (S18). Will be charged.

On the other hand, the present invention has been described as limited to an electric scooter equipped with a battery and an electric motor, but the present invention can be sufficiently applied to other transportation means provided with the battery and the electric motor. Even if other modified embodiments are protruded, they should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or the prospect of the present invention, and should be included in the claims attached to the present invention.

As described above, according to the battery automatic charging apparatus for the electric scooter of the present invention and the automatic charging method thereof, the generated voltage generated by generating the generator electromotive force by the inertia of the DC motor when the electric scooter travels downhill slopes. By automatically charging the battery, there is an effect that can maximize the battery efficiency mounted on the electric scooter.

In addition, due to the improvement in battery efficiency, the power generation voltage can be recycled to about 80% as compared to the conventionally frequently charged battery, thereby reducing the number of charges, thereby improving battery life.

Claims (4)

According to the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method, the pulse width modulation waveform output is amplified by a predetermined level according to the amplification process of the power driver and supplied to the DC motor, and according to the traveling speed obtained through the speed adjusting means mounted on the handle grip. In the electric scooter to be driven by a power transmission device for transmitting the power of the DC motor to the wheel, The electric scooter is; An inverter buffer connected in series with a waveform input terminal to receive the inverted pulse waveform output from the power driver, a pulse waveform reduced by the output pulse waveform of the inverter buffer and the inertia energy of the DC motor is applied, and the AND is coupled by the AND. JFET (junction type FET) for detecting generator power generated by inertia at normal speed, and capacitor filter (C ₁ ) connected to waveform output stage to shape voltage of ripple component included in generator power output by JFET And a generated voltage detector for detecting the generated electromotive force obtained by the inertia of the DC motor in proportion to the normal speed during the deceleration operation so that the electric scooter runs downhill slope at the preset normal speed by the speed adjusting means. , A switching constant voltage circuit unit outputting a generation voltage having a predetermined level by reducing the ripple component included in the generator electromotive force detected by the generation voltage detection unit; An automatic battery charger for an electric scooter, characterized in that the battery charger further comprises a battery charging unit for charging the power generation voltage of the switching constant voltage circuit unit. delete The method of claim 1, The switching constant voltage circuit unit includes a first driver configured to drive the switching transistor Q ₁ at its input terminal to maintain the generated electromotive force output from the generated voltage detector at a predetermined level, and the collector terminal of the switching transistor Q ₁ . A snap circuit (C ₃ , R ₅ , D ₂ ) and a transformer for battery charging control, and a second driver for outputting a signal for charging the battery according to an output signal of the first driver, and a secondary side of the transformer. Automatic battery charger of the electric scooter characterized in that the battery charging unit is included in the configuration. In the battery charging method of supplying the voltage when driving the electric scooter by driving the power transmission device to the voltage supplied to the DC motor according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method, When the electric scooter is decelerated at the normal speed, the generator power generated by the inertia generated from the DC motor and the pulse waveform generated when the electric scooter is driven at the normal speed are inverted and applied from the JFET, respectively, to the AND coupling of the JFET. Detecting only the generator electromotive force by Removing a ripple component included in the detected generator power and outputting a constant voltage pulse capable of charging the battery at a predetermined voltage; An electric scooter comprising the step of receiving a battery voltage drop state which is a charging condition that can be charged only when the battery is less than a few V and automatically charging the constant voltage pulse to the battery according to a switching operation by an output of a switching transistor. Automatic charging method using the automatic battery charging device.

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