KR100534719B1 - Charging control system of electric vehicle and method thereof - Google Patents
Charging control system of electric vehicle and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR100534719B1 KR100534719B1 KR10-2003-0100896A KR20030100896A KR100534719B1 KR 100534719 B1 KR100534719 B1 KR 100534719B1 KR 20030100896 A KR20030100896 A KR 20030100896A KR 100534719 B1 KR100534719 B1 KR 100534719B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
전기자동차의 충전에서 배터리팩을 구성하고 있는 각 배터리 모듈에 균등 충전을 제공하여 배터리팩에서 최대 SOC(State Of Charge)를 유지하는 모듈과 최소 SOC를 유지하는 모듈간의 편차를 일정값 이하로 관리하도록 하는 것으로,Provides equal charging to each battery module constituting the battery pack during charging of the electric vehicle so that the deviation between the module maintaining the maximum state of charge (SOC) and the module maintaining the minimum SOC in the battery pack is below a certain value. In doing it,
배터리의 표준 충전이 진행되는 과정에서 SOC가 100%에 도달되어 표준 충전의 종료 조건인지를 판단하는 과정과, 표준 충전의 종료 조건이 아니면 표준 충전을 지속적으로 유지하고, 표준 충전의 종료 조건이면 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되어 있는지를 판단하는 과정과, 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되어 있지 않은 상태이면 배터리의 충전을 종료하고, 균등 충전 요구가 플래그가 설정되어 있는 상태이면 저전류를 공급하는 균등 충전모드를 수행하는 과정과, 균등 충전 모드가 설정된 일정시간 유지되면 균등 충전모드를 종료한 다음 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 해제하여 배터리의 충전을 종료하는 과정을 포함한다.In the process of standard charging of the battery, the SOC reaches 100% to determine whether it is the end condition of standard charging, and if it is not the end condition of standard charging, the standard charge is continuously maintained. The process of determining whether the charge request flag is set or not, and if the equal charge request flag is not set, the battery is terminated. If the equal charge request flag is set, the equal charge mode supplies low current. And if the equal charge mode is maintained for a predetermined time set includes the step of terminating the equal charging mode and then releasing the equal charge request flag to terminate the charging of the battery.
Description
본 발명은 전기자동차의 충전에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 배터리팩을 구성하고 있는 각 배터리 모듈에 균등 충전을 제공하여 배터리팩에서 최대 SOC(State Of Charge)를 유지하는 모듈과 최소 SOC를 유지하는 모듈간의 편차를 일정값 이하로 관리하도록 하는 전기자동차의 충전 제어장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to the charging of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, by providing an equal charge to each battery module constituting the battery pack to maintain the minimum SOC and the module to maintain the maximum state of charge (SOC) in the battery pack The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging control device and method for managing deviation between modules to a predetermined value or less.
일반적으로, 내연기관을 사용하는 자동차의 폭발적인 증가에 따른 대기 오염이 사회적 문제로 대두되고 있어, 환경 친화적인 전기자동차의 연구 개발이 활발하게 진행되어 실용화 단계에 접어들고 있다.In general, air pollution caused by the explosion of automobiles using internal combustion engines has emerged as a social problem, and research and development of environmentally friendly electric vehicles are actively progressing, and thus they are entering a commercialization stage.
전기자동차는 주동력원으로 배터리를 사용하고 있으며, 구동력 발생을 위하여 배터리 전압에 의해 구동되는 전동기인 모터를 적용하고 있으며, 이 모터는 배터리로부터 전원이 공급되는 경우에 모터로 작동하고, 차량의 제동시 발전기로 작동하여 제동시 발생되는 회생 에너지를 전기 에너지로 변환시켜 배터리에 충전 전압으로 공급한다. Electric vehicle uses battery as main power source and applies motor which is electric motor driven by battery voltage to generate driving power. This motor operates as a motor when power is supplied from battery and when the vehicle is braked. It operates as a generator to convert the regenerative energy generated during braking into electrical energy and supplies it to the battery as a charging voltage.
전기자동차에 장착되는 배터리팩은 통상적으로 25개 이상의 모듈이 직렬로 연결되어 구성되며, 운행 종료후 혹은 운행 도중에 배터리의 SOC가 목적지로의 안정된 주행이 확보되지 못하는 경우 상용 전원을 이용하여 충전한다.A battery pack mounted on an electric vehicle is typically configured by connecting more than 25 modules in series, and charges using commercial power when the SOC of the battery does not secure stable driving to a destination after driving or during driving.
전기자동차의 배터리 충전은 충전 방식과 목적에 따라 3단계로 구분된다.Electric vehicle battery charging is divided into three stages according to the charging method and purpose.
즉, 별치형 충전기를 이용하여 충전하는 별치형 충전기로 충전하는 급속 충전 방식과 차량에 탑재된 충전기를 사용하여 충전하는 표준 충전 방식 및 균등 충전 방식 등으로 구분되어 진다.That is, it is divided into a rapid charging method to charge with a separate charger to charge using a separate charger and a standard charging method and an equal charging method to charge using a charger mounted in a vehicle.
급속 충전 방식은 잠시 주차중인 상태에서 배터리의 충전 상태를 20%에서 80%로 단시간, 바람직하게는 20분 이내에 충전하여 재주행에 필요한 전기에너지를 충전하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The rapid charging method aims to charge the electrical energy required for re-run by charging the battery in a short time, preferably within 20 minutes, from 20% to 80% while the vehicle is parked for a while.
표준 충전 방식은 주행 후 차고에서 밤샘(overnight) 충전을 실행하는 것으로 배터리팩을 만 충전하여 충전 상태를 100%로 종료하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The standard charging method is to perform overnight charging in the garage after driving, and aims to terminate the state of charge to 100% by only charging the battery pack.
균등 충전 방식은 직렬로 연결된 다수개 배터리 모듈간의 에너지 편차를 줄이기 위해 표준 충전 방식으로의 만 충전이 종료된 다음 조건이 만족하는 경우 일정시간, 바람직하게는 대략 2시간 동안 저 전류를 공급하여 충전하는 것이다. The even charging method is designed to supply low current for a certain period of time, preferably approximately 2 hours, when the following conditions are satisfied after the completion of the full charging with the standard charging method in order to reduce energy deviation between multiple battery modules connected in series. will be.
현재 균등 충전은 배터리 제조회사의 사양에 따라 표준 충전을 10회 정도 실시한 후에 1회를 실시하고 있다.Currently, even charging is performed once after about 10 standard charges, according to the specifications of the battery manufacturer.
그러나, 다수개의 배터리 모듈이 직렬로 연결된 배터리팩은 배터리 트레이 내부의 온도 편차와 배터리 모듈의 서로 다른 자기방전 특성 등으로 인해 배터리 모듈간에 에너지 편차가 발생한다. However, in a battery pack in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series, an energy deviation occurs between battery modules due to temperature variation inside the battery tray and different self-discharge characteristics of the battery module.
이 에너지 편차를 보상하지 않고 배터리를 지속적으로 사용하는 경우에는 첨부된 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 배터리 모듈간의 전압 편차가 발생한다. When the battery is continuously used without compensating for this energy deviation, voltage deviation between battery modules occurs as shown in FIG. 4.
따라서, 배터리 모듈의 평균 전압과 최소 전압의 편차가 설정된 기준 전압, 바람직하게는 0.5 V 이상 발생되는 경우 BMS(Battery Management System)는 배터리 손상을 방지하기 위해 출력 파워를 제한하게 되어 차량 운행에 문제를 야기한다. Therefore, when the deviation between the average voltage and the minimum voltage of the battery module occurs over a set reference voltage, preferably 0.5 V or more, the battery management system (BMS) limits the output power to prevent battery damage, thereby causing problems in vehicle operation. Cause.
이는 배터리의 모듈간의 에너지 편차 상태를 고려하지 않고 단순히 충전 횟수로 균등 충전의 진입 조건을 판단하기 때문에 발생되는 문제이다.This is a problem caused by determining the entry condition of the equal charging simply by the number of charges without considering the energy deviation between the modules of the battery.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로, 그 목적은 주행중에 균등 충전 요구의 조건이 만족하는지를 판단하여 균등 충전 요구의 조건이 만족되는 경우 그에 대한 플레그를 설정하여 표준 충전이 완료되는 경우 자동적으로 균등 충전모드를 실행하도록 하여 배터리팩의 각 모듈간 에너지 편차가 안정되게 유지되도록 함으로써, 배터리팩에서 최대 SOC를 갖는 모듈과 최소 SOC를 갖는 모듈간의 편차를 일정값 이하로 관리하여 일 충전 주행거리를 확보하며, 이에 따라 배터리의 내구성을 향상시키도록 한 것이다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the object of which is to determine whether the condition of the equal charge request while driving, if the condition of the equal charge request is satisfied by setting a flag for it to complete the standard charging In this case, the energy charging between the modules of the battery pack is kept stable by automatically executing the equal charging mode, and the battery pack manages the deviation between the module with the maximum SOC and the module with the minimum SOC to a certain value or less. To secure the mileage, thereby improving the durability of the battery.
상기와 같은 목적을 실현하기 위한 본 발명은 전기자동차에 탑재되어 상용 AC 전원을 DC 전원으로 변환하여 배터리에 충전 전압을 공급하는 충전기와; 배터리의 온도, 전류, 전압을 검출하여 충전 및 출력에 대한 전류 및 전압을 결정 제어하며, 주행 중 균등 충전 요구의 조건이 만족되는지를 판단하여 그에 대한 플래그를 설정하며, 표준 충전 완료 후 균등 충전을 제어하는 BMS와; 상기 BMS의 제어에 따라 충전기와 배터리간의 전원 패스를 단속하는 PDU를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차의 충전 제어장치를 제공한다.The present invention for realizing the above object is provided with a charger for supplying a charging voltage to the battery by converting a commercial AC power to a DC power mounted on the electric vehicle; Determining and controlling the current and voltage for charging and output by detecting the temperature, current, and voltage of the battery, determining whether the conditions of the equalization charging requirement are satisfied while driving, and setting a flag for it. Controlling the BMS; According to the control of the BMS provides a charging control device for an electric vehicle comprising a PDU to control the power path between the charger and the battery.
또한, 본 발명은 배터리의 표준 충전이 진행되는 과정에서 SOC가 100%에 도달되어 표준 충전의 종료 조건인지를 판단하는 과정과; 표준 충전의 종료 조건이 아니면 표준 충전을 지속적으로 유지하고, 표준 충전의 종료 조건이면 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되어 있는지를 판단하는 과정과; 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되어 있지 않은 상태이면 배터리의 충전을 종료하고, 균등 충전 요구가 플래그가 설정되어 있는 상태이면 저전류를 공급하는 균등 충전모드를 수행하는 과정과; 균등 충전 모드가 설정된 일정시간 유지되면 균등 충전모드를 종료한 다음 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 해제하여 배터리의 충전을 종료하는 과정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차의 충전 제어방법을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention is a process of determining whether the SOC reaches 100% in the process of the standard charging of the battery to terminate the standard charging; If the standard charging is not terminated, the standard charging is continuously maintained, and if the standard charging is terminated, determining whether an equal charge request flag is set; Terminating charging of the battery if the equal charging request flag is not set, and performing an equal charging mode for supplying a low current if the equal charging request flag is set; When the equal charging mode is maintained for a predetermined time period, the charging control method of the electric vehicle comprises the step of terminating the equal charging mode and then releasing the equal charging request flag to terminate the charging of the battery.
상기 균등 충전 요구 플래그는 주행중에 검출되는 방전 전류가 설정된 일정 범위내에서 진행되고 있는지를 판단하는 과정과; 전류의 방전이 일정 범위내에서 진행되고 있는 것으로 판단되면 배터리 모듈의 평균 전압과 최소 전압을 검출하여 그 편차를 연산하는 과정과; 상기 연산되는 편차가 설정된 전압값(ContVolt)에서 방전 전류에 배터리의 내부 저항값(ContR)을 곱 연산한 값 보다 큰 상태를 유지하는지를 판단하는 과정 및; 상기에서 편차값이 큰 상태로 판단되며, 주행중 그 횟수가 설정된 횟수 이상 검출되면 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 설정하는 과정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차의 충전 제어방법을 제공한다.Determining, by the equalizing charge request flag, whether a discharge current detected while driving is running within a predetermined range; Detecting the average voltage and the minimum voltage of the battery module and calculating a deviation thereof when it is determined that the discharge of the current is progressing within a predetermined range; Determining whether the calculated deviation is greater than a value obtained by multiplying the discharge current by the internal resistance value ContR of the battery at the set voltage value ContVolt; When the deviation value is determined to be large and the number of times of driving is detected more than the set number, the charging control method of the electric vehicle comprising the step of setting an equal charge request flag.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 일 실시예를 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차의 충전 제어장치는 충전기(10)와 PDU(20), 배터리(30) 및 BMS(40)를 포함하여 구성된다.As can be seen in Figure 1 the electric vehicle charging control device according to the present invention comprises a charger 10 and PDU 20, the battery 30 and the BMS (40).
충전기(10)는 차량에 탑재된 충전기로서, 상용 AC 전원을 DC 전원으로 변환하여 배터리(30)에 충전 전압을 공급하여 준다.The charger 10 is a charger mounted in a vehicle, and converts commercial AC power into DC power to supply a charging voltage to the battery 30.
상기의 충전기(10)는 BMS(40)의 제어에 따라 표준 충전 모드와 균등 충전모드로 DC 전원을 출력한다.The charger 10 outputs DC power in a standard charging mode and an equal charging mode under the control of the BMS 40.
PDU(20)는 전원 단속 스위칭 소자로 배터리(30)의 충전 상태가 만충전인 경우 BMS(40)의 제어에 의해 단속되어 과전류가 공급됨에 따라 배터리팩이 파손되는 것을 원천적으로 차단한다.When the state of charge of the battery 30 is full charge, the PDU 20 is intermittently controlled by the BMS 40 to block the battery pack from being damaged as the overcurrent is supplied.
배터리(30)는 다수개의 배터리 모듈이 직렬로 연결되어 구성되며, 도시되지 않은 모터에 구동 전원을 공급한다.The battery 30 is configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules in series, and supplies driving power to a motor (not shown).
BMS(30)는 배터리(30)의 각 모듈에 대한 온도, 전류, 전압을 검출하여 충전 및 출력에 대한 전류 및 전압을 결정 제어하며, 주행중 균등 충전 요구의 조건이 만족되는지를 판단하여 그에 대한 플래그를 설정하여 표준 충전이 완료되는 경우 균등 충전이 이루어질 수 있도록 충전기(10)를 제어한다.The BMS 30 detects temperature, current, and voltage for each module of the battery 30 to determine and control current and voltage for charging and output, and determines whether a condition of an equal charging request while driving is satisfied and flags a flag thereof. By setting the control unit 10 so that the even charging is made when the standard charging is completed.
전술한 바와 같은 기능을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 구성에서 충전 제어를 실행하는 동작에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of performing the charge control in the configuration according to the invention having the function as described above are as follows.
운행 후 차량에 탑재된 충전기(10)에 상용 전원을 연결하여 배터리(30)의 표준 충전을 진행하는 과정에서(S101) BMS(40)는 배터리(30)의 SOC가 100%를 유지하는 만충전이 되어 표준 충전의 종료 조건이 만족되는지를 판단한다(S102).In the process of connecting the commercial power to the charger 10 mounted on the vehicle after driving to perform standard charging of the battery 30 (S101), the BMS 40 has a full charge in which the SOC of the battery 30 is maintained at 100%. In step S102, it is determined whether the standard charging end condition is satisfied.
상기에서 표준 충전의 종료 조건이 만족되면 BMS(40)는 차량의 주행중에 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되었는지를 판단한다(S103).When the end condition of the standard charging is satisfied in the above, the BMS 40 determines whether an equal charging request flag is set while the vehicle is driving (S103).
상기에서 균등 충전 요구 플래그가 설정되어 있는 것으로 판단되면 BMS(40)는 충전기(10)의 전류 출력 모드를 저전류를 출력하는 균등 충전모드로 제어하여 직렬로 연결된 다수개 배터리 모듈간의 편차를 최소화하는 균등 충전을 실행한다(S104).When it is determined that the equal charge request flag is set in the above, the BMS 40 controls the current output mode of the charger 10 to the equal charge mode for outputting low current, thereby minimizing deviation between a plurality of battery modules connected in series. Even charging is performed (S104).
상기와 같이 균등 충전을 실행하는 상태에서 설정된 일정시간, 바람직하게는 2시간이 경과하여 균등 충전의 종료 조건이 만족되는지를 판단하여(S105), 균등 충전의 종료 조건으로 판단되면 BMS(40)는 PDU(20)의 제어를 통해 충전기(10)와 배터리(30)간의 동력 전달 패스를 단속하여 충전 동작을 종료하며, 동시에 주행중에 설정되어 있는 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 해제한다(S106).As described above, it is determined whether the end condition of the equalization charging is satisfied after a predetermined time, preferably 2 hours, is set in the state of performing the equalization charging (S105). Through the control of the PDU 20, the power transmission path between the charger 10 and the battery 30 is interrupted to terminate the charging operation, and at the same time, the equal charge request flag set while driving is released (S106).
상기에서 주행중 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 설정하는 동작에 대하여 도 3을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.The operation of setting the equal charge request flag while driving is described with reference to FIG. 3 as follows.
임의의 목적지로 주행하는 과정에서(S301) BMS(40)는 배터리(30)의 방전 전류를 검출하여(S302) 설정된 일정 범위, 바람직하게는 0.5 ~ 2A의 범위내에서 방전이 진행되고 있는지를 판단한다(S203).In the process of driving to an arbitrary destination (S301), the BMS 40 detects the discharge current of the battery 30 (S302) and determines whether the discharge is in progress within a predetermined range, preferably, 0.5 to 2A. (S203).
상기에서 배터리(30)의 방전이 설정된 일정 범위내에서 방전되고 있는 것으로 판단되면 배터리팩을 구성하고 있는 전체 모듈의 평균 전압과 최소 전압을 검출하여(S204) 평균 전압과 최소 전압의 편차가 설정된 전압값(ContVolt)에서 방전 전류에 해당하는 전류에 배터리(30)의 내부 저항값(ContR)을 곱 연산한 값 보다 큰 상태를 유지하는지를 판단한다(S205).When it is determined that the discharge of the battery 30 is discharged within a predetermined range, the average voltage and minimum voltage of all the modules constituting the battery pack are detected (S204) and the deviation between the average voltage and the minimum voltage is set. In operation S205, it is determined whether the current corresponding to the discharge current is maintained at the value ContVolt by a value multiplied by the product of the internal resistance value ContR of the battery 30.
상기에서 평균 전압과 최소 전압의 편차가 설정된 전압값(ContVolt)에서 방전 전류에 해당하는 전류에 배터리(30)의 내부 저항값(ContR)을 곱 연산한 값 보다 큰 상태를 유지하는 것으로 판단되면 그 횟수가 설정된 일정횟수, 바람직하게는 3회 이상 반복 검출되는지를 판단한다(S206).When the deviation between the average voltage and the minimum voltage is determined to maintain a state larger than the value obtained by multiplying the current corresponding to the discharge current by the internal resistance value (ContR) of the battery 30 from the set voltage value (ContVolt) It is determined whether the number of times is a predetermined number of times, preferably three or more times (S206).
상기 S206에서 S205의 조건이 설정된 일정횟수 이상 반복되어 검출되면 BMS(40)는 배터리팩의 각 모듈간 전압 편차가 존재하는 것으로 판정하여 이를 보상하기 위하여 균등 충전 요구 플래그를 설정하여 운행후 충전시 자동적으로 균등 충전이 실행되도록 한다(S207).In step S206, if the condition of S205 is repeatedly detected for a predetermined number of times or more, the BMS 40 determines that there is a voltage deviation between modules of the battery pack and sets an equal charge request flag to compensate for this. In order to perform the equal charging (S207).
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 전기자동차에서 배터리의 안전된 관리를 통해 최대의 SOC를 갖는 모듈과 최소의 SOC를 갖는 모듈간의 편차를 일정값 이하로 유지시켜 배터리의 손상 방지 및 수명을 연장하고, 배터리팩의 에너지를 최대화하여 일 충전 주행거리를 증대시켜 운행에 안정성 및 신뢰성을 제공한다. As described above, the present invention maintains the deviation between the module having the largest SOC and the module having the smallest SOC to a predetermined value or less through safe management of the battery in the electric vehicle, thereby preventing damage to the battery and extending the lifespan. Maximizing the energy of the battery pack to increase the working charge mileage to provide stability and reliability in driving.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차의 충전 제어장치에 대한 개략적 구성도.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a charging control device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차에서 충전 제어를 실행하는 일 실시예의 흐름도.2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of executing charge control in an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차에서 균등 충전 요구 플레그 설정에 대한 흐름도.Figure 3 is a flow chart for the equal charge request flag set in the electric vehicle according to the present invention.
도 4는 종래의 전기자동차에서 배터리 모듈의 전압 편차를 보이는 상태도.Figure 4 is a state diagram showing the voltage deviation of the battery module in a conventional electric vehicle.
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| CN103863129B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2016-05-04 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of reminding method of charging electric vehicle and system |
| KR101591150B1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-02-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Application module control and hardware call apparatus for standardization of battery |
| KR102394627B1 (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2022-05-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Control Method for EV's Battery Charging |
| CN113879178B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-10-24 | 华晨鑫源重庆汽车有限公司 | Vehicle charging control method and device |
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