KR100534711B1 - Cyclic device of cooling water for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooling water circulation device for an electric vehicle, comprising: a fuel cell stack including a cooling water part, an anode part, and a cathode part, a gas separator, a first coolant storage part, an ion remover, a radiator, the gas separator, and a cooling water storage part; In the electric vehicle having a first driving pump for controlling the coolant flow rate of the ion remover and the radiator, one end is connected to both ends of the coolant portion of the fuel cell stack, the other end is connected to the gas separator, The other end is connected to the primary pipe line connected to the first cooling water storage unit, one end is connected to both ends of the anode portion of the fuel cell stack, the other side is a secondary pipe line in communication with the primary pipe line, the cooling water portion on the primary pipe line One side is in communication with each other, and the other side is connected to the primary pipe in a position close to the gas separator, the third pipe passage, and on the secondary pipe passage A first three-way valve configured to selectively communicate the secondary pipe line with the primary pipe and the third pipe line, a second pump mounted on the third pipe line and operated at an initial start of the vehicle; A second three-way valve connected to the communication portion of the primary pipe line and the primary pipe line so as to selectively communicate with the primary pipe line and the tertiary pipe line; And a third / fourth valve for opening a fuel cell vehicle at an initial stage of starting of the fuel cell vehicle and allowing the coolant to be moved by the operation of the second driving pump; And fifth and sixth valves for removing the generated water of the anode portion by the driving force of the second pump, and are mounted in the primary pipe line and open when the temperature rises in a continuous starting state of the fuel cell vehicle. And a first / second valve so as to circulate cooling water to the driving force of the first driving pump.

Description

CYCLIC DEVICE OF COOLING WATER FOR ELECTRIC AUTOMOBILE}

The present invention relates to a cooling water circulation system of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to minimize the power loss by selectively driving the driving pump of the electric vehicle according to the flow rate of the coolant, stack the coolant flow rate by varying the supply flow rate according to the starting conditions It relates to a cooling water circulation device of an electric vehicle to improve the performance of.

In general, a fuel cell vehicle is ionized in a chemical reaction by a catalyst of hydrogen and oxygen, and the cathode reacts with an oxidation reaction in which hydrogen ions and electrons are generated. Do it.

At this time, if the insulator that moves the ionized hydrogen ions to the oxygen side is not wet and dry, the hydrogen ions do not flow smoothly. Does not need water.

In addition, since the inside of the stack must be protected by a stable inert gas when it is not reacting for power generation, the stack is purged with nitrogen in terms of cost and stability.

As described above, in order to drive the fuel cell system, in addition to hydrogen and oxygen as fuels, the coolant for cooling and humidification and nitrogen for purifying the inside of the stack must be supplied to the stack.

The fuel cell vehicle supplies all of this to the stack, which is the power source, and uses the generated electricity to drive the electric motor for power. Therefore, hydrogen, oxygen, cooling water, and nitrogen are supplied in order to obtain power by sequential procedures.

At this time, the theoretical transition of hydrogen in the stack and the ion reduction reaction of oxygen vary depending on the type, but have an optimum reaction temperature between about 60 degrees Celsius and 80 degrees Celsius.

However, in the case of the current vehicle, it is difficult to maintain the optimum reaction temperature of the stack by adjusting by changing the water pressure in accordance with the temperature conditions entering the interior of the stack.

1 is a view schematically showing a cooling water circulation device of an electric vehicle according to the prior art. Referring to Figure 1 will be described the flow of coolant in the coolant circulation device of the conventional electric vehicle.

First, when the electric vehicle starts up, when the first / second valves 1 and 3 are closed and the third and fourth valves 5 and 7 are opened, a large amount of coolant in the stack 9 is initially generated. It is possible to reach a certain water pressure in a short time by driving a short line provided with the third and fourth valves 5 and 7 by driving the second pump 2 by using the one not necessary. Here, the first pump 4 does not drive.

The fifth and sixth valves 6 and 8 are opened when the positive water generated in the stack 9 has a predetermined amount or more, and the positive water generated is removed by the driving pressure of the pump. As a result, the burden on the auxiliary battery is reduced when the electric vehicle starts up, so that the desired water pressure can be quickly reached with a small current.

When nitrogen, air, and hydrogen are sequentially supplied, a high voltage is generated in the stack 9, and the auxiliary battery starts to be charged. Then, the second pump 2 stops operating and the third and fourth valves 5 and 7 ) And the first pump 4 starts to operate.

After opening the first and second valves (1) and (3), the short line is closed and the long line is connected, so that a sufficient amount of coolant is supplied even if fuel is consumed by the current consumption of the vehicle and the heat of reaction is generated. Will be. At this time, depending on the temperature in the stack (9) helps to optimize the efficiency of the stack (9) by using a long line for overheating, and a short line for low heat.

The positive water generated during the start-up is quickly removed to the second reservoir 11 by the operation of the second pump 2 as the fifth / sixth valves 6 and 8 are opened.

When starting off, stop the operation of the first pump (4), close the first and second valves (1) and (3), activate the second pump (2), and operate the third and fourth and sixth valves (5). By closing (7) (8) and opening the fourth valve (7) to remove the water in the stack (9) by sending it to the second reservoir (11), it is not necessary to flow a large amount of fluid. As a result, the load on the secondary battery is reduced even when the engine is turned off, so that the coolant in the stack can be removed even through low current and voltage loss.

At this time, if the capacity of the second reservoir is more than enough to store all the water on the short line in the closed state of the first and second valves (1) and (3), the cooling water in the stack can be quickly removed when the engine is turned off. .

However, in the conventional electric vehicle cooling water circulator, the coolant circulation is circulated through a short line as the temperature of the stack rises, and the coolant flowing into the stack is changed to use a long line. Sudden inflow into the coolant of the cold temperature there is a problem that can cause a section to decrease the efficiency of the stack due to a sharp drop in temperature.

In addition, when the stack anode removes the generated water, the second pump must be driven to remove the generated water of the anode.

And when using a large amount of cooling water for most of the outside air temperature there is a problem that the temperature of the cooling water entering the stack is stabilized at a lower temperature than that at the proper temperature.

The present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, and minimizes the power loss by selectively driving the driving pump of the electric vehicle according to the flow rate of the coolant, stack the coolant flow rate by varying the supply flow rate according to the starting conditions It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling water circulation system of an electric vehicle to improve the performance of.

The cooling water circulation apparatus of the electric vehicle of the present invention for achieving the above object, the fuel cell stack having a cooling water portion, an anode portion and a cathode portion, a gas separator, a first coolant storage unit, an ion remover and a radiator, the gas separator And a first driving pump for controlling a cooling water flow rate of the coolant storage unit and the ion remover and the radiator, one end of which is connected to both ends of the cooling water part of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of which is connected to the gas separator. The other end of the other side is the primary pipe connected to the first cooling water storage unit; One side is connected to both ends of the anode portion of the fuel cell stack, the other side is a secondary pipe passage communicating with the primary pipe passage; A third pipe line having one side communicating with a side close to the cooling water portion on the primary pipe path, and the other side communicating with the primary pipe line at a position close to the gas separator; A first three-way valve mounted on the secondary conduit to selectively communicate the secondary conduit with the primary conduit and the tertiary conduit; A second pump mounted on the third pipe path and operated at an initial start of the vehicle; A second three-way valve connected to the communication section of the third conduit and the primary conduit so that the third conduit is selectively communicated with the primary conduit and the third conduit; Third and fourth valves respectively mounted at both ends of the third conduit and opened at an initial start of a fuel cell vehicle to allow cooling water to move by operation of the second driving pump; Fifth and sixth valves respectively mounted to the secondary pipe passages to open when the positive water generated in the positive electrode is generated at a predetermined value or more so as to remove the positive water generated by the driving force of the second driving pump; And a first / second valve mounted on the primary pipe line and opened when the temperature rises in a continuous starting state of the fuel cell vehicle to circulate the cooling water by the driving force of the first driving pump.

In the present invention, the temperature sensor is mounted to the proximity position of the cooling water portion of the primary pipe.

In the present invention, the second / third valve and the second three-way valve may be opened together when the temperature rise reaches a first threshold by continuous starting after the initial start of the fuel cell vehicle. And form an intermediate loop along the second / third valve and the second three-way valve.

In the present invention, the first / second valve is opened when the temperature rises due to the continuous starting after the start of the fuel cell vehicle reaches the second threshold, and the first pump is driven so that the coolant is used to drive the primary pipe line. Forming a large loop according to the characterized in that to be circulated.

In the present invention, the first / second / third / fourth valve is opened when the third threshold value is reached due to the temperature rise by continuous starting after the start of the fuel cell vehicle, and the first / second Simultaneous operation of the pump is characterized in that the cooling water is circulated all.

Hereinafter, a cooling water circulation device of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various forms, and only the present embodiments are intended to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to those skilled in the art to fully understand the scope of the invention. It is provided to inform you.

2 is a view schematically showing a coolant circulation device of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling water circulation apparatus 100 of the electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a primary pipe line 10 and an anode portion 18 connected to the cooling water portion 13 of the fuel cell stack 12. ) Secondary pipe line (40) connected to the third, the primary pipe line (10) of the coolant portion 13 and the third pipe line (80) connected to the primary pipe line (10) of the gas separator (15) And a first three-way valve 70 mounted on the secondary conduit 40, a second drive pump 21 mounted on the tertiary conduit 80, a tertiary conduit 80 and a primary conduit. The second three-way valve 93 connected to the communicating portion of the furnace 10, the third and fourth valves 90 and 91 attached to both ends of the tertiary pipe line 80, and the secondary pipe line ( And fifth and sixth valves 50 and 60 respectively attached to 40 and first and second valves 20 and 30 mounted to the primary conduit 10. The fuel cell stack 12 of the electric vehicle includes a cooling water part 13, an anode part 18, and a cathode part 22. The detailed configuration and operation of the fuel cell stack 12 is well known and will be omitted.

One end of the primary pipe line 10 is connected to both ends of the cooling water part 13 of the fuel cell stack 12, the other end of the primary pipe 10 is connected to the gas separator 15, and the other end of the primary pipe 10 is the first cooling water storage part. Connected to (17). The primary pipe line 10 is equipped with an ion remover 19, a radiator 14 and the first drive pump (16). The first driving pump 16 controls the flow of the cooling water of the primary conduit 10 by the driving force. First and second valves 20 and 30 are mounted on the primary pipe line 10. Reference numeral 81 is a second coolant storage unit.

One side of the secondary conduit 40 is connected to both ends of the anode part 18 of the fuel cell stack 12, and the other side thereof communicates with the primary conduit 10. The fifth and sixth valves 50 are installed in the secondary conduit 40 to selectively open and close the secondary conduit 40 so as to remove the generated water of the anode portion 18 by the driving force of the second driving pump 21. 60 is mounted. The first three-way valve 70 is mounted to the communication portion between the secondary pipe line 40 and the primary pipe line 10. The first three-way valve 70 is operated such that the secondary pipe line 40 communicates with the tertiary pipe line 80 when the fifth / sixth valves 50 and 60 are opened.

One end of the third conduit 80 is in communication with the primary conduit 10 on the side adjacent to the cooling water part 13, and the other end of the third conduit 80 is located near the gas separator 15. Is in communication with. Third and fourth valves 90 and 91 are mounted at positions near the cooling water part 13 of the third conduit 80. The third driving pipe (80) is equipped with a second drive pump 21 to control the flow rate of the coolant on the third pipe (80). The second three-way valve 93 is mounted to the communication portion of the third pipe line 80 and the first pipe line 10. The second three-way valve 93 allows the third pipe line 80 and the first pipe line 10 to selectively communicate with each other.

A temperature sensor 95 is mounted at a position close to the coolant 13 of the primary pipe line 10 to sense a temperature.

At the start of the electric vehicle, only the third and fourth valves 90 and 91 are opened so that the coolant is moved only in the tertiary pipe line 80. That is, a large amount of coolant is not required at the start of the electric vehicle, so that only the third and fourth valves 90 and 91 are opened, so that the coolant is moved only by a short loop in the tertiary pipe 80. A positive amount of coolant allows a constant pressure to be reached quickly.

When the sensing temperature value of the temperature sensor 95 reaches the first threshold value, the second and third valves 30 and 90 and the second three way valve 93 are opened together. Here, the second three-way valve 93 allows the primary pipe line 10 to communicate with the third pipe line 80. Accordingly, when the temperature rises more than a predetermined temperature than the initial stage, the cooling loop is formed by forming an intermediate loop larger than the initial circulation loop.

Next, when the sensing temperature value of the temperature sensor 95 is raised in the continuous starting state of the electric vehicle to reach the second threshold, the first and second valves 20 and 30 are opened together. Here, the second three-way valve 93 is closed to the tertiary pipe line 80 and communicates with the primary pipe line in the direction of the gas separator 15. Then, the first driving pump 16 is driven so that the coolant forms a large loop along the primary pipe line 10 and circulates the coolant. That is, the cooling water is circulated to the large loop because the cooling water is needed at a larger temperature rise.

Subsequently, when the sensing temperature value of the temperature sensor 95 rises to reach the third threshold value in the continuous starting state of the electric vehicle, the first / second / third / fourth valves 20, 30, 90 ( 91 are all opened together, and the first and second drive pumps 16 and 21 are simultaneously driven to allow a large amount of coolant to be circulated to perform cooling. In this case, when a larger temperature is raised, the power of the electric vehicle is limited to reduce the reaction of the stack 12 so as to limit the further inflow of temperature to prevent the temperature rise.

Cooling water circulator of the electric vehicle according to the present invention as described above has the following effects.

By using a three-way valve according to the temperature change value of the electric vehicle by appropriately adjusting the amount of circulation of the coolant to provide adequate cooling of the fuel cell stack to improve performance.

In addition, it is possible to save power consumption through the selective operation of the drive pump of the electric vehicle.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications or other embodiments falling within the scope equivalent to the present invention are possible by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the following claims.

1 is a view schematically showing a cooling water circulation device of an electric vehicle according to the prior art.

2 is a view schematically showing a coolant circulation device of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (5)

A fuel cell stack having a coolant part, an anode part, and a cathode part, a gas separator, a first coolant storage part, an ion remover, and a radiator, and a first control unit for controlling the flow rate of the coolant in the gas separator, the coolant storage part, the ion remover, and the radiator. In an electric vehicle having a drive pump, One end is connected to both ends of the cooling water portion of the fuel cell stack, one end of the other side is connected to the gas separator, the other end is connected to the first cooling water storage unit; One side is connected to both ends of the anode portion of the fuel cell stack, the other side is a secondary pipe passage communicating with the primary pipe passage; A third pipe line having one side communicating with a side close to the cooling water portion on the primary pipe path, and the other side communicating with the primary pipe line at a position close to the gas separator; A first three-way valve mounted on the secondary conduit to selectively communicate the secondary conduit with the primary conduit and the tertiary conduit; A second pump mounted on the third pipe path and operated at an initial start of the vehicle; A second three-way valve connected to the communication section of the third conduit and the primary conduit so that the third conduit is selectively communicated with the primary conduit and the third conduit; Third and fourth valves respectively mounted at both ends of the third conduit and opened at an initial start of a fuel cell vehicle to allow cooling water to move by operation of the second driving pump; A fifth and sixth valves mounted on the secondary pipe paths, respectively, and opened when the generated water of the positive electrode portion is generated at a predetermined level or more to remove the generated water of the positive electrode portion by the driving force of the second pump; And And a first / second valve mounted on the primary pipe to open when the temperature rises in a continuous starting state of the fuel cell vehicle to circulate the coolant with the driving force of the first driving pump. Coolant circulator of electric vehicle. The method of claim 1, Cooling water circulation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the temperature sensor is mounted in the proximity position of the cooling water portion of the primary pipe. The method of claim 1, The second / third valve and the second three way valve, After the initial start-up of the fuel cell vehicle, when the temperature rise reaches the first threshold by the continuous start, the cooling water is opened together to form an intermediate loop along the second / third valve and the second three-way valve. Cooling water circulation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that to be circulated. The method of claim 1, The first / second valve, When the fuel cell vehicle reaches the second threshold due to the temperature rise due to the continuous starting after the start of the fuel cell is opened and the first pump is driven so that the coolant is circulated to form a large loop along the primary pipe Cooling water circulation in automobiles. The method of claim 1, The first / second / third / fourth valve, When the fuel cell vehicle reaches the third threshold due to the temperature rise due to the continuous starting after the start of the fuel cell vehicle, the cooling water circulation of the electric vehicle, characterized in that the cooling water is circulated all by the simultaneous driving of the first / second pump. Device.