KR100534639B1 - Safety device for forming apparatus of medium and high pressure by using electric stirring - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a safety device of a medium pressure casting apparatus using electronic stirring. In the apparatus of the present invention, the top plate 10 capable of raising and lowering a predetermined section by a driving device, and the movable plate 20 capable of attaching a mold to the bottom surface thereof are connected by a toggle mechanism 40. The toggle mechanism includes a C-shaped toggle link 42 whose upper end is pinned to both connecting portions of the upper plate, an intermediate link 44 for the central portion connected to the hydraulic cylinder 14 provided at the central portion of the upper plate, A connecting link 46 for connecting the inner end of the toggle link and the intermediate link to each other so as to be rotatable with each other, and a support link 48 whose upper end is pinned to the lower end of the toggle link, and the lower end is pinned to the movable plate. It consists of. The safety device 90 which prevents the movable plate from falling downward is moved by the fixed plate 92 fixed to one side of the upper plate, the hydraulic cylinder 94 installed on the fixed plate, and the hydraulic cylinder in the horizontal direction. And a safety block 96 capable of restricting the rotation of the toggle link by moving above the inner upper end of the toggle link in the folded state of the toggle link.

Description

Safety device for forming apparatus of medium and high pressure by using electric stirring}

The present invention relates to a low-speed medium pressure casting apparatus using electronic stirring, and more particularly, to a safety device of a casting apparatus configured to produce a light weight automobile part requiring high strength using electronic stirring.

The current automotive industry is demanding lightweight components from automakers to improve global environmental problems, including the destruction of the ozone layer, global warming, and acid rain, and to reduce the weight of automobiles themselves.

Knuckles and arms are produced by casting / forging, semi-molding, hot forging and low-pressure casting. Among the lightweight components, aluminum is used in some passenger cars. However, according to the low pressure casting method and the like, except for wheels, suspension parts using aluminum are not mass-produced due to reliability, cost increase, excessive initial investment cost, and the like.

According to the die casting method, which is one of the methods of molding a conventional automotive component, it can be said that it provides a method for manufacturing a component that is advantageous when producing a large amount of components that are thin in thickness, complex in shape, and do not require comparative strength. However, when the molten metal is introduced into the mold, there is a high possibility that the internal defect of the product due to air collection and shrinkage due to turbulence is high, which is not suitable for functional parts requiring high strength.

In addition, the parts by forging are relatively stable mechanical properties, but a certain limit in terms of productivity is pointed out because it has to go through several steps during molding, it can be said that the production of precision molded parts is difficult.

The semi-molten molding process is attracting attention as a new technology that compensates for the shortcomings of the existing process, but it is difficult to produce due to problems of billet reheat control, high production cost, and inability to apply large parts. .

In addition, in the case of squeeze casting, the inlet size of the cavity is larger than that of the die casting, and it is delayed by pressurizing at high pressure, which shortens the life due to material loss and temperature rise of the mold. Due to the occurrence of dendritic densities, mechanical properties are disadvantageous.

Low pressure casting is mainly used in the production of automobile parts such as various cylinders, clutch housings, brake drums, impellers, brackets, pistons, wheels, etc., but large products or parts requiring high strength have shown limitations due to the following reasons.

The low pressure casting method has a low productivity of about 1/3 to 1/6 of die casting, and the mechanical properties of the product are inferior to forging, molten forging, and semi-molding. Due to this, a limit on the reduction of the defective rate is pointed out. In addition, due to the high rate of machining of parts after the production of the product, it is difficult to produce precision shaped parts, and at the same time, the production cost is high due to the increase of secondary processing cost, and the production cost is high due to the difficulty of producing precision shaped parts and the increase of secondary processing cost. . In addition, due to the weak working environment, the worker's avoidance of the operation is occurring, and the disadvantages such as difficult to obtain the mechanical properties satisfying the strength and elongation required for high-strength automotive parts.

And a mold is used when producing parts by such a casting method, it is natural that safety must be secured when the mold is attached and detached.

In the present invention, the main object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for a casting device configured to ensure safety when producing parts having excellent mechanical properties by a low pressure medium pressure casting device using electronic stirring, in particular during the exchange of molds. do.

The casting apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object, and is supported in a fixed state by the frame, the upper surface and the lower plate to which the mold can be attached; An upper plate capable of moving up and down a predetermined section by a driving means; The movable plate is moved up and down in conjunction with the upper plate and has a movable plate on which a mold can be attached. The toggle mechanism includes a C-shaped toggle link in which an upper end is pin-connected to both connecting portions of the upper plate, an intermediate link in the center portion connected to a hydraulic cylinder installed in the central portion of the upper plate, and an inner end and an intermediate link of the toggle link. It consists of a connection link for connecting the pins to each other rotatably, and the upper end is pin-connected to the lower end of the toggle link, the lower end is pin-connected to the movable plate, connecting the upper plate and the movable plate. The safety device for preventing the movable plate from falling downward by controlling the movement of the toggle mechanism includes a fixed plate fixed to one side of the upper plate, a hydraulic cylinder installed on the fixed plate, and a horizontal movement by the hydraulic cylinder. And a safety block capable of regulating the rotation of the toggle link by moving above the inner upper end of the toggle link in the folded state of the toggle link.

According to the present invention as described above, the movable plate connected to the top plate by the toggle link is eliminated from falling down, and a safe mold replacement operation and the like are possible.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. First, a medium pressure casting apparatus to which the safety device of the present invention is applied will be described.

As shown in Figure 1, the casting apparatus according to the present invention, the upper plate 10 which can be moved up and down at regular intervals, and is connected to the lower portion of the upper plate 10 can be moved and the upper mold can be mounted on the bottom It comprises a movable plate 20, and the lower plate 30 in a fixed state that can be mounted to the lower mold on the upper surface.

Next, the configuration of the upper plate 10 portion will be described with reference to FIG. 2. The central gear 11 is rotatably supported in the central portion of the upper plate 10. In addition, although not shown, the center gear 11 is rotated by a hydraulic motor installed on the upper plate 10. In addition, four connecting gears 12 are provided at four corner portions corresponding to the outside of the center gear 11, and the connecting gear 12 meshes with the center gear 11, thereby providing a center gear 11. It rotates according to the rotation of).

Each of the connecting gears 12 is engaged with lifting gears 13 each having a central hole 13a whose inner circumference is threaded. In addition, the shafts 15, each of which has been screwed on the outer circumference, are screwed into the center hole 13a of the elevating gear 13 in a penetrating state.

Therefore, when the center gear 11 is rotated by the rotation of the hydraulic motor (not shown), the rotational force is transmitted to the four lifting gears 13 through the connecting gear 12. The elevating gear 13 is rotated in the same direction, and when the elevating gear 13 is rotated in this way, due to the screw coupling relationship with the shaft 15, the upper plate 10 is substantially raised and lowered for a predetermined section Become strong.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft 15 is provided in a state in which a plurality of the shafts 15 are upright on the lower plate 30. The movable plate 20 is also provided in a state where the shaft 15 penetrates, and the movable plate 20 is also configured to be movable along the shanghai-dong of the top plate 10 as described later.

Connection portions 16 are provided on both lower sides of the upper plate 10. And as can be seen with reference to Figure 3, the toggle mechanism 40 is provided in the connecting portion 16 of the lower upper plate 10.

Toggle mechanism 40 of the present invention, as can be seen with reference to Figure 4, C-shaped toggle link 42, the upper end is connected to the both ends of the upper plate 10, the pin (Pa) (42) And an intermediate link 44 of the central portion connected to the hydraulic cylinder 14 provided at the central portion of the upper plate 10, and the toggle link 42 and the intermediate link 44 to rotate with each other. It includes a connecting link 46 for connecting. The upper end of the support link 48 is pin-connected to the lower end of the toggle link 42 to be pivotally supported. The lower end of the support link 48 is connected to the movable plate 20 to be described later. That is, the lower end of the support link 48 is pin-connected to the connecting portion 22 protruding upward from both sides of the movable plate 20.

The toggle link 42, the connection link 46, and the support link 48 are symmetrically configured at the left and right sides of the intermediate link, respectively, and are configured to perform the same operation by pin connection of the whole. have. The connecting link 46 is connected to each other by joint connection between the intermediate link 44 and the inner portion of the toggle link 42, respectively.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, when the hydraulic cylinder 14 operates to move the piston 14a downward, the intermediate link 44 moves downward. In addition, the toggle link 42 is opened at the lower end of the toggle link 42 around the pin (Pa) through the connecting link 46 pinned to both sides of the intermediate link 44. In addition, the support link 48 having the upper end pin connected to the lower portion of the toggle link 42 is erected in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 3. In this state, the support links 48 on both sides stand so that they do not open to the outside, and the upper end is slightly inward rather than upright.

And, as shown in Figure 5, the lower end of the support link 48 is pinned to the movable plate 20. Therefore, the movable plate 20 can be moved up and down by a predetermined interval in the vertical direction by the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 14 as described above.

The mold used in the low speed medium pressure casting apparatus according to the present invention is provided between the movable plate 20 and the lower plate 30. For example, when using a mold consisting of an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is attached to the lower portion of the movable plate 20, the lower mold is fixed to the upper surface of the lower plate (30). Using the toggle mechanism 40 as described above, when the movable material 20 is located at the lowest point, when the molten material is introduced into the upper mold and the lower mold, the injection pressure of the material can be overcome. It is to ensure that.

As described above, by maintaining the state in which the movable plate 20 is moved downward by using the toggle mechanism 40, the hydraulic cylinder 14 having a relatively small capacity can be used. That is, when casting is performed at an inner cavity of the mold installed between the movable plate 20 and the lower plate 30 at low speed, the movable plate 20 is subjected to upward force by the casting pressure. At this time, in order to maintain the movable plate 20 in the downward position using only the hydraulic cylinder 14, a large capacity that the force of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is equal to or higher than the casting pressure should be used. However, when the toggle mechanism 40 having the above-described configuration is used, the hydraulic cylinder 14 having a small capacity can be made sufficiently resistant to a relatively large casting pressure in relation to the position of each link and the force component of the force. It becomes available.

In addition, as described above, the mold for casting is fixed between the lower plate 30 holding the fixed state by the frame F and the movable plate 20. In addition, as described above, the mold may be configured as an upper mold and a lower mold respectively installed on the movable plate 20 and the lower plate 30 as described above. In addition, the mold for casting may be fixed only to the upper surface of the lower plate 30. In this case, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders Ca and Cb are mounted on the upper plate 30, and the mold is formed using the hydraulic cylinder. It is also possible to configure to fix the.

In order to replace the mold attached to the bottom of the movable plate 20, the hydraulic cylinder 14 must be operated to raise the toggle mechanism 40. FIG. That is, the intermediate link 44 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 14 should be raised upward. When the intermediate link 44 rises, the toggle link 42 is rotated inward with respect to the pin Pa by the connection link 46. As a result of the rotation of the toggle link 42, the support link 48 pinned to the lower end of the toggle link 42 rises, and thus the movable plate 20 rises.

In this way, the upper mold attached to the bottom surface of the movable plate 20 is replaced. While the movable plate 20 is supported by the hydraulic cylinder 14 during the replacement of the upper mold, there is a great risk of a safety accident if the movable plate 20 falls downward due to an unexpected external force or malfunction.

Therefore, in this invention, the safety device 90 which prevents it from falling below in the state which the movable plate 20 raised as mentioned above is provided.

As shown in Figure 6 to 8, the safety device 90 of the present invention, the fixing plate 92 is attached to the lower side of the upper plate 10, and the hydraulic cylinder 94 fixed to the fixing plate And, it includes a safety block 96 to move in the transverse direction from the side by the drive of the hydraulic cylinder (94).

The fixing plate 92 is attached to one side of the upper plate 10 (for example, by using a plurality of bolts or the like) to be fixed. The fixing plate 92 is provided with a pair of support shafts 95 in the lateral direction (horizontal direction). In addition, the piston 94a of the hydraulic cylinder 94 installed on the fixing plate 92 is connected to the connecting plate 97 connecting the safety block 96. In addition, the safety block 96 is connected to the connecting plate 97, so that the safety block 96 is movable in the horizontal direction by the movement of the piston 94a.

A housing 99 reciprocating along the support shaft 95 is installed at an outer end of the support shaft 95, and the housing 99 is connected to the connecting plate 97. Inside the housing 99, a bearing (for example, an oilless bearing), a bushing, or the like, for supporting a smooth reciprocating motion between the support shaft 95 is provided.

Next, the operation of the above-described safety device 90 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, in the state where the toggle link 42 is extended downward, the safety block 96 is moved outward. As described above, the outside movement or the inside movement of the safety block 96 is caused by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 94 described above.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the movable plate 20 is lifted upward, the toggle links 42 are folded inward with respect to the pin Pa, respectively. At this time, the upper inner end portion 42a of the toggle link 42 is rotated outward as the toggle link 42 is folded inward, and is kept open toward the top.

In this state, the safety device 90 is operated. The safety block 96 is moved inward through the connection plate 97 and the housing 99 by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 94. Accordingly, the safety block 96 is positioned above the upper inner end portion 42a of the toggle link 42 and substantially contacts the upper surface of the upper inner end portion 42a.

As described above, when the safety block 96 is in contact with the upper inner end portion 42a of the toggle link 42, the toggle link 42 may not rotate about the pin Pa. That is, by the interference between the safety block 96 and the upper inner end portion 42a, the toggle link 42 is prevented from rotating downward about the pin Pa. Accordingly, when the safety device 90 is operated, the toggle link 42 is lowered by preventing rotation of the toggle link 42 downward, regardless of the normal operation of the hydraulic cylinder 14. You will not be able to move to. If the toggle link 42 is not rotated downward, the movable plate 20 will not be able to move downward, so that the safety of the mold on the bottom of the mold will be sufficiently secured. .

When the mold is replaced, the safety block 96 is pulled out by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 94, and in this state, the normal operation of the toggle mechanism 40 becomes possible.

When the mold is completed between the lower plate 30 and the movable plate 20 as described above, and the movable plate 20 moves downward to engage the upper mold and the lower mold, the supply hole of the lower plate 30 The molten material is supplied into the mold through (H). And the lower plate 30 is installed in a fixed state on the frame (F), the lower mold is a portion that is installed on the top.

Hereinafter, look at the overall structure of the casting device having a safety device of the present invention as described above.

FIG. 9 exemplarily shows the supply device 60 of the present invention for supplying molten metal to the mold cavity Dc formed inside the mold D constituted by a pair of upper and lower sides. As shown, the material 62 in the molten state is injected upward into the sleeve 64 and moved upward by the injection plunger 65, causing electron stirring inside the mold 64, and thus inside the mold D. The cavity Dc is injected with a constant pressure. It is as mentioned above that the mold is supported by such a casting pressure by the hydraulic cylinder 14 and the toggle mechanism 40 as mentioned above.

As shown in Figs. 9 to 11, the material 62 in the molten state is supplied to the inside of the sleeve 64 after being controlled to a range having a constant solid phase rate in, for example, a molten metal hot water supply device. The injection pressure for injecting the material 62 in the interior of the sleeve 64 into the cavity Dc is determined depending on the solid phase rate of the material. The sleeve 64 according to the present invention has an electronic stirrer as described later.

In the electronic stirrer provided inside the sleeve 64, when the electromagnetic field is applied to the material 62, the molten metal is strongly stirred, and no dendrite structure is formed during solidification, thereby providing a product having excellent mechanical properties. Principles that can be manufactured are used, and these principles and basic configurations are known.

The material 62 in which the electron agitation is carried out through the electromagnetic stirring device is connected to the inner cavity Dc of the mold D through the molten metal injection hole 72 connected to the upper portion of the sleeve 64. Will be injected. At this time, the material 62 passing through the inside of the electronic stirrer is introduced into the cavity Dc of the mold by the injection plunger 65 while the strong stirring occurs inside the sleeve 64. The solidification structure of the molten metal is refined through the electron agitation by the electron stirrer inside the sleeve 64, and it is possible to prevent the formation of the resin-like structure. The molten metal injected at this time has a structure as shown in FIG. 11 in order to cause strong stirring without solidifying on the inner surface of the sleeve 64.

As shown in Fig. 11, the portion in contact with the raw material (melt) 62 is formed of a cylindrical ceramic layer 64a, which has a heat insulating effect on the material at the time of electron stirring and at the same time for forming the electromagnetic field. It may have an insulating function with the sleeve material 64b. In the middle of the cylindrical sleeve material 64b, a plurality of cooling water holes 64c are formed in the longitudinal direction. The sleeve material 64b is made of a nonmagnetic material and performs a function of directly transferring the electromagnetic field generated by the coil for electromagnetic stirring to the molten metal, and enables precisely controlled electron stirring.

On the outer surface of the sleeve material 16, a coil 64d for electromagnetic stirring for forming an electromagnetic field is wound, and a sleeve shell 64e is attached to the outer surface of the sleeve material 16 to protect the coil 64d.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the molten material 62 is supplied into the sleeve 64, when the injection hydraulic cylinder 66 installed at the lower portion thereof operates, the hydraulic cylinder 66 is operated. The plunger 65 moves upward by this. In addition, the plunger tip 65a installed on the upper portion of the plunger 65 may push the material 62 upward from the inside of the sleeve 64 to inject the inside of the mold cavity Dc.

9 and 10, the material injected into the sleeve 64 may be injected through one side of the sleeve 64.

The above-described injection hydraulic cylinder 66 and the like are mounted on the trolley 80 at the lower side of the frame F, as shown in FIGS. 1, 12 and 13. The trolley 80 has a geared motor M provided on its upper surface and a rotating shaft 84 provided on its lower portion. The chain is wound around the sprocket Sa provided on the output shaft of the geared motor M and the sprocket Sb provided on the rotary shaft 84, thereby transmitting rotational power from the geared motor M to the rotary shaft 84. This is possibly configured. In addition, a plurality of rollers 82 are installed at both lower sides of the rotary shaft 84, and the rollers 82 rotate by the rotation of the rotary shaft 84.

The plurality of rollers 82 are mounted on a pair of rails Ra and Rb fixed to the frame F. Therefore, the rotational power of the geared motor (M) is to move the roller 82 through the rotation shaft (84). When the rollers 82 mounted on the rails Ra and Rb are rotated, the trolley 80 may move forward and backward on the drawings.

And the said trolley 80 is comprised so that it can go up and down a predetermined space | interval by the several hydraulic cylinders C1 and C2 installed in the lower part. That is, the injection trolley 80 is provided with an injection hydraulic cylinder 66, a sleeve 64, and the like. In order to inject the material 62 into the mold D, the upper end of the sleeve 64 has a mold. Should be in close contact with To this end, the plurality of hydraulic cylinders (C1, C2) is installed in a state supported by the frame (F).

Therefore, when the material 62 is injected into the mold D, the hydraulic cylinders C1 and C2 operate to raise the trolley 80 for a predetermined period. In this state, the injection hydraulic cylinder 66 operates, so that the plunger tip 65a flows the material 62 inside the sleeve 64 into the mold.

When the casting process is completed, the hydraulic cylinders C1 and C2 are lowered, and the roller 82 contacts the rails Ra and Rb. When the geared motor (M) is rotated in this state, the roller 82 is rotated in conjunction with the trolley (80) can be moved forward and backward, in this state to replace the sleeve 64 and the like with an appropriate capacity Will be possible.

Within the scope of the basic technical spirit of the present invention as described above, many other modifications are possible to those skilled in the art, and the present invention should be interpreted based on the appended claims. Self-explanatory

According to the present invention as described above, by providing a low-speed medium-pressure casting apparatus using electronic stirring, it is possible to provide environmentally friendly production conditions while satisfying the requirements of light weight and high strength of parts. In addition, by using a toggle mechanism, a relatively small cylinder can be used, and at the same time, an effect of producing a component having the advantages of electromagnetic stirring can be expected.

1 is a schematic view of the entire casting apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exemplary perspective view of the upper plate portion of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an illustration of the top plate and the toggle mechanism of the present invention.

4 is an exemplary perspective view of a toggle mechanism of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

5 is an exemplary view showing the configuration of the upper portion of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 6 is an exemplary perspective view of the safety device of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the safety device of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 8 is an exemplary side view of the safety device of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

9 is an exemplary view of a material injection portion of the present invention.

10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic stirrer of the present invention.

12 is an exemplary view of a lower part of the casting apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 13 is an illustration of a trolley portion of the present invention.

Claims (2)

A lower plate 30 which is supported in a fixed state by the frame F and to which a mold is attached to an upper surface thereof; An upper plate capable of moving up and down a predetermined section by a driving means; In the casting apparatus is moved up and down in conjunction with the top plate, the bottom surface having a movable plate to which a mold can be attached; C-shaped toggle link of which upper end is pin-connected to both connecting portions 16 of the upper plate 10, and intermediate link 44 of the central portion connected to the hydraulic cylinder 14 installed at the central portion of the upper plate 10. A connecting link 46 pin-connecting the inner end of the toggle link 42 and the intermediate link 44 so as to be rotatable with each other, and an upper end of the toggle link 42 being pinned to a lower end of the toggle link 42, and a lower end of the toggle link 42 being movable. Toggle mechanism 40 is composed of a support link 48 which is pin-connected to the plate, connecting the upper plate and the movable plate; Fixed plate fixed to one side of the top plate, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixed plate, the hydraulic cylinder is movable in the left and right direction, the toggle link is moved to the upper side of the inner upper end of the toggle link in the folded state toggle link Safety device of the casting apparatus, characterized in that consisting of a safety mechanism including a safety block to regulate the rotation of the. According to claim 1, wherein the fixed plate includes a support shaft extending outward, the housing inserted into the support shaft is connected to the hydraulic cylinder by a connecting plate is movable in and out, and the safety block is connected to the housing Safety device of the casting apparatus, characterized in that for moving left and right.