KR100492138B1 - Instantaneous rapid starting type electronic ballast using a time delay module - Google Patents

Abstract

Using a time delay circuit, the preheating ballast is provided at the initial stage of the lighting, which is operated in a preheating type and then in a non-preheating manner after a predetermined time elapses. The instantaneous preheating ballast of the present invention is a lamp connection circuit configured to switch a lamp connection system between a preheating type and a non-preheating type, a relay driving circuit for driving a relay of the lamp connection circuit, and the relay is initially turned on. And a time delay circuit for turning off the relay thereafter. It is also possible to connect the load in parallel between the filament terminals. This load prevents energy loss that occurs when switching from preheating to non-preheating, and also, by turning on the appropriate impedance value of the load connecting between the pins of the filament when it is turned on, the appropriate preheating current flows to the filament for life. Will be extended.

Description

Instantaneous rapid starting type electronic ballast using a time delay module}

The present invention relates to an instantaneous preheating electronic ballast, which operates with a preheating type at the initial stage of lighting using a time delay circuit and then operates with a non-preheating type after a predetermined time, thereby ensuring high efficiency and a long lamp life. To an electronic ballast.

Figure 1a is a diagram showing the connection of the fluorescent lamp and the lamp drive output terminal of a conventional electronic ballast having a preheating lighting method. In the preheating type lighting method, as shown in FIG. 1A, the pulse applying terminals 1 and 2 are connected in series to the filament of the lamp so that a low voltage of about 2 to 4 V is applied to the filament before the lamp is turned on. After that, by lighting at a voltage of about 400 to 600V, the impact on the filament can be reduced to extend the life of the lamp. A pulse for driving the lamp is applied to the pulse applying terminal 1 on the left side, and a capacitor is generally connected to the ground and the DC voltage source, respectively, to the pulse applying terminal 2 on the right side.

Typically, an electronic ballast having such a structure adds a soft start circuit to maximize the life of the fluorescent lamp. The preheating ballast is turned on by the relatively low starting voltage by the preheating current, and then the movement of the hot electrons starts and the filament is sufficiently heated so that the preheating current is continuously consumed by the resistance component of the filament even though the hot electrons are smoothly transferred without the preheating current. As a result, the temperature near the filament has a disadvantage that the T8 fluorescent lamp is heated above 70 ° C. This heat generation becomes larger as the diameter of the fluorescent lamp becomes thinner, which increases energy loss.

Figure 1b is a view showing the output connection method for the electronic ballast of the general non-heating type lighting method. In this manner, a pulse for driving the lamp is applied to the pulse applying terminal 1 on the left side, and a capacitor is generally connected to the ground and the DC voltage source, respectively, to the pulse applying terminal 2 on the right side. In the non-preheating type, the lamp is turned on by giving a high voltage to both ends of the lamp without preheating the filament during initial lighting.In contrast to the preheating type, the preheating current does not flow through the filament before and after the lighting, thus reducing the energy loss. It has high merit that it is advantageous for low temperature lighting. In addition, another feature of this method is that it does not use a filament, so it lights up even if the filament is damaged.

However, in the non-preheating type, the voltage for activating mercury in the fluorescent lamp and emitting hot electrons from the filament is much higher than that of the preheating type. There is a disadvantage that the life of the lamp is greatly shortened.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Utility Model Registration No. 289432 proposes a power-saving electronic fluorescent lamp lighting circuit using a photocoupler and a FET. Since the FET is turned off at the initial stage of lighting, the circuit operates in a preheating manner, and after a predetermined time, the FET turns on and shorts the filament to operate in a non-preheating manner.

Since the circuit is operated in a non-preheated manner after the lamp is turned on, that is, no current flows through the filament, the problem of heat loss due to the filament can be solved, but the photocoupler and the FET are turned on to operate in the non-preheated manner. Since the current is consumed in order to keep the photocoupler and the FET on, there is a problem that the synergistic effect of energy efficiency is insignificant. In addition, in the case of an electronic ballast, since the voltage and frequency required for driving the lamp are considerably high, the FET satisfying such a condition is expensive, and thus, the price of the ballast increases.

This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and an object of this invention is to provide the electronic ballast which can ensure a long lamp life while high energy consumption efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic ballast that can be configured at a low cost while having a high energy consumption efficiency and a long lamp life.

The present invention provides an electronic ballast for instantaneous preheated fluorescent lamp having the advantages of both a non-preheated type and a preheated type to achieve the above object. The instantaneous preheating type electronic ballast is turned on by flowing preheating current to the filament like the existing electronic ballast at initial lighting, and after a certain time determined by the time delay circuit, the filament anode is short-circuited like the non-preheating type. By eliminating the preheating current flowing in the heat generation temperature generated in the filament is reduced, it is driven in a power saving mode that can save energy by eliminating the power consumption by filament preheating which is a disadvantage of the preheating type.

The time delay circuit plays a role of preheating the filament when the discharge lamp is turned on, and also increases the efficiency by eliminating the loss caused by preheating by disconnecting the filament preheating part after the preheating.

The reason why the time delay module circuit is installed is that the non-preheating type drive has no power loss due to the preheating of the filament, which has a great effect on energy efficiency, but it causes the problem of shortening the life of the lamp. The conventional preheating lighting method is adopted, but after being turned on, it is intended to be switched to a power saving mode driven by the non-preheating method.

However, simply by opening or shorting the anode of the filament mechanically or electronically can not function as a ballast, the load was connected in parallel between the filament terminals. This load makes it possible to further extend the life of the fluorescent lamp as compared with the conventional preheating lighting method.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the driving pulse generating circuit for lamp lighting is the same as the conventional one, and thus its detailed description is omitted. As described above, a pulse for driving the lamp is applied to the pulse applying terminal 1 on the left side, and a capacitor is generally connected to the ground and the DC voltage source, respectively, to the pulse applying terminal 2 on the right side.

Figure 2a is a view showing a lamp connection method of the instantaneous preheating electronic ballast of the present invention. The connection state of the relays RL1 and RL2 in FIG. 2A is a state when no driving power is applied to the relay, that is, a state in which the common terminal C and the brake terminal B are connected. In this state, during the initial lighting period within a predetermined time after the power is applied, the common terminals C and the make terminal M are connected by driving the relays RL1 and RL2.

In this state, since the capacitor C2 is in an open state, when a lamp driving pulse is applied between the 1 and 2 terminals, the current passing through the inductor L1 passes through the parallel circuit of the lamp filament and the load Z1 of the relay RL1. Through the common terminal (C) and the make terminal (M) flows to the capacitor C1. The current through capacitor C1 again reaches terminal 2 via a parallel circuit between the filament of the lamp and the load Z2.

As such, during the initial lighting period, the circuit operates in a preheated manner in which current flows through the filament. Since the time required for normalization of the fluorescent lamp is 5 seconds to 30 seconds depending on the fluorescent lamp, the initial lighting period may be determined in consideration of this.

On the other hand, after the initial lighting period, the relay is turned off again so that the common terminal C and the brake terminal B are connected. In this state, the lamp driving pulse passes through the inductor L1 and the capacitor C2, the capacitor C1 is opened, the filament on the left is short-circuited, and the filament on the right is short-circuited through the load Z2. Becomes That is, after the initial lighting period, the filament is short-circuited to operate in a non-preheating manner.

In order to drive the relay as described above, the present invention controls the relay driving circuit 200 using the time delay circuit 100 as shown in FIG. 2B. That is, a signal for enabling the relay driving circuit 200 is output from the time delay circuit 100 for a predetermined period after the initial voltage is applied, and a signal for disabling the relay driving circuit 200 is output after the period is passed. The time delay circuit 100 may be implemented in various ways, and the present invention is not limited to a specific time delay circuit.

Meanwhile, in the circuit of FIG. 2A, a resistor or a capacitor may be used as a load used between the pins of the fluorescent lamp filament.

First, when the lamp is turned on in the preheating manner by the time delay circuit and then switched to the non-preheating manner, energy loss may occur as one pin of the filament is disconnected from the circuit. Therefore, by connecting the load, it is possible to prevent energy loss that occurs when switching from preheating to non-preheating.

Secondly, when the lamp is turned on, the proper impedance value of the load connected between the pins of the filament is selected, and the preheating current flows to the filament to extend the life. At this time, if a load with too small impedance (below 100Ω) is connected, the current flows through the load along with the filament when preheating, and thus, sufficient preheating is not possible, which causes a problem in lamp life. 300Ω or more) causes a problem in that the efficiency decreases after switching to the non-preheated type. Therefore, a load having an impedance of about 100 to 300 Ω is suitable because the impedance is larger than that of the filament, so that the filament can be sufficiently preheated and there is no problem in efficiency reduction after switching to the non-preheating type.

In addition, when a resistor having this impedance is used as a load, when the filament is broken and the lamp has reached the end of its life, a problem may occur in that the current flows through the resistor and the resistance breaks with heat generation. When using a capacitor with Xc = 1 / (2 πfC ), where f: frequency and C: capacitance, the capacitor has an active power of 0 (active power P = VIcosθ, even if the lamp's filament is broken). Since it is = 90 °, it is P = 0), so there is no problem of heat generation and capacitor damage, and the counter electromotive force generated at the initial stage of lighting flows through the load rather than the filament, so as to alleviate the impact on the filament. It will extend the life of the lamp.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the connection of the loads extends the lifespan of the fluorescent lamp, in which both Z1 and Z2 are connected or only Z2 is connected. However, when the load is connected between the filament pins at both ends of the lamp, the back electromotive force generated at the moment of lighting flows through the load connected to both filaments, so that the impact on the filament can be alleviated rather than the connection method to only one filament. Do.

In FIG. 2A, the capacitors C1 and C2 are used to drive a lamp, but a piezoelectric element may be used instead of the capacitor.

3 is a circuit diagram showing an actual implementation of FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 3 has a lamp connection circuit as shown in FIG. 2A, and has a configuration in which the time delay circuit in FIG. 2B is formed by a combination of a resistor and a capacitor and drives a relay by a FET.

When the power is turned on, the DC voltage Vcc forms a Zener voltage across the Zener diode ZD1 through the resistor R1, and the Zener voltage is charged to the capacitor C4. The voltage charged to capacitor C4 is again charged to capacitor C3 through resistor R2. During the period when the capacitor C3 is charged, the gate voltage of the FET Q1 is formed across the resistor R2 by the current flowing through the resistor R2, thereby turning on the FET Q1.

When the FET Q1 is turned on, the current by the DC voltage V _RL for driving the relay flows to the resistor R3 and the driving coil of the relay, thereby driving the relay during this period. Therefore, as described above, in this period, the C terminal and the M terminal of the relay are connected to connect the fluorescent lamp to the preheating lighting method. That is, the filament is preheated and turned on through the capacitor C1.

When the charging to the capacitor C3 is completed as described above, no current flows through the capacitor C3, so no voltage is applied across the resistor R2. Therefore, the FET Q1 is turned off so that no current flows through the relay drive coil, so that the relay is turned off. Therefore, when the charging of the capacitor C3 is completed, the C terminal and the B terminal of the relay are connected, and as described above, the wiring is changed to a non-preheating manner so that no preheating current flows in the filament any more.

On the other hand, unlike the prior art, since the circuit connection is changed to the non-preheating method, since the current does not flow not only in the filament but also in the time delay circuit 100 and the relay driving circuit 200, the energy consumption efficiency is further increased.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the light efficiency according to the frequency of the preheating type, non-preheating type and instantaneous preheating ballast according to the present invention. In the case of the preheating type, the filament preheating after lighting basically produces about 1.5W of energy loss compared to the non-preheating type, so the light efficiency is lowered by 4 to 5 lm / W. It can be seen that the light efficiency of the ballast according to the present invention, which is converted to a non-preheated type by a time delay circuit after filament preheating, is similar.

Figure 5 shows the lamp life according to the on / off cycle of the preheating type, non-preheating type and instantaneous preheating ballast according to the present invention. In the case of lighting by the non-preheating type, it can be seen that the life is shortened compared to the preheating type by the loss of the filament due to the high initial lighting voltage. It can be seen that the lifetime is longer than. As described above, the time delay circuit 100 uses the same lighting method as the preheating type at the initial stage of lighting, and at the same time, the counter electromotive force generated when the load (resistor or capacitor) connected to the filament pin is initially lit. This is because it allows the preheating current to flow through the condenser rather than the filament, while allowing sufficient preheating current to flow through the filament.

Experimental Example 1

Table 1 shows the electrical characteristics when the 32 W linear fluorescent lamp is turned on by using a ballast having a preheating type, non-preheating type and instant preheating type connection method as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2A.

As can be seen from Table 1, according to the instant preheating type of the present invention, it can be seen that there is little difference in the luminous flux while using less power than the conventional method. In other words, it can be seen that the method of the present invention is remarkably superior to the preheating type in terms of light efficiency, and the efficiency is high although there is a slight difference compared to the non-preheating type.

Experimental Example 2

32W linear fluorescence with a cycle of 10 seconds on / 20 seconds off and 10 seconds on / 50 seconds off using a ballast having a preheating type, a non-preheating type and a preheating type connection method as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2A. Table 2 shows the lamp life measurement results when the lamp is turned on.

As can be seen from Table 2, according to the instant preheating method of the present invention, the service life is significantly increased compared to the conventional non-preheating method, and when the load is applied, the service life is about twice that of the preheating method. It can be seen that there is an extension effect.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve the lamp life problem while increasing energy efficiency by driving the lamp in a preheating manner at the beginning of the lighting and then in a non-preheating manner using a time delay circuit.

In addition, by connecting a load having an appropriate impedance value between the pins of the lamp filament, the filament is sufficiently preheated at the time of lighting, and the counter electromotive force generated at the beginning of the lighting flows to the load instead of the filament, so that the service life of the preheating ballast Can be extended.

Figure 1a is a view showing a lamp connection method of the preheating electronic ballast.

1B is a view illustrating a lamp connection method of a non-preheated electronic ballast.

Figure 2a is a view showing a lamp connection method of the instantaneous preheating electronic ballast of the present invention.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram illustrating a configuration for driving the relay of FIG. 2A.

3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an actual implementation of FIGS. 2A and 2B.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the light efficiency according to the frequency of the ballast of the preheating, non-preheating and instant preheating type.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing lamp life according to on / off cycles of a ballast of preheating type, non-preheating type and instantaneous preheating type.

Claims (7)

delete In an electronic ballast having a lamp driving pulse generating circuit, A lamp connection circuit configured to switch a lamp connection method between a preheating type and a non-preheating type using a relay, A relay driving circuit for driving the relay of the lamp connection circuit; A time delay circuit for controlling the relay drive circuit to turn on the relay initially and to turn off the relay thereafter, The lamp connection circuit, The common terminal is connected to one terminal of the filament on one side of the lamp, the make terminal is connected to one terminal of the first capacitor, and the brake terminal is a pulse applying terminal from the lamp driving pulse generating circuit and the filament of the one side of the lamp. The first relay RL1 connected to the other terminal of the The common terminal is connected to one terminal of the filament on the other side of the lamp and the other pulse applying terminal (2), the make terminal is open, and the second relay RL2 connected to the one terminal of the second capacitor. , A first capacitor C1 having one terminal connected to the make terminal of the first relay and the other terminal connected to the other terminal of the filament on the other side of the lamp; A second capacitor C2 having one terminal connected to the brake terminal of the second relay and the other terminal connected to the other terminal of the filament on the one side of the lamp and the pulse application terminal from the lamp driving pulse generating circuit. Electronic ballast, characterized in that it comprises a. The electronic ballast of claim 2, further comprising a load (Z2) connected in parallel to both ends of the filament of the lamp. 4. The ballast of claim 3, further comprising a load (Z1) connected in parallel to both ends of the filament of the lamp. The electronic ballast of claim 3 or 4, wherein the load is a resistance element having a resistance value between 100 ohms and 300 ohms. The electronic ballast of claim 3 or 4, wherein the load is a capacitor element having an impedance value between 100 and 300 ohms at a lamp driving frequency. The method of claim 2, The relay driving circuit A resistor (R3) having one terminal connected to the relay driving power supply and the other terminal connected to the relay driving coil, A drain is connected to the other terminal of the relay drive coil and has a FET Q1 having a source connected to ground. The time delay circuit A resistor R2 connected between the gate and the ground of the FET; A zener diode (ZD1) having a cathode connected to a DC voltage source through a resistor and an anode connected to ground; A capacitor C4 connected in parallel to both ends of the zener diode, And a capacitor (C3) coupled between the cathode of the zener diode and the gate of the FET.